CN107664053B - 一种基于低温等离子体的增强式汽车尾气木纤维净化器 - Google Patents

一种基于低温等离子体的增强式汽车尾气木纤维净化器 Download PDF

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CN107664053B
CN107664053B CN201610600007.6A CN201610600007A CN107664053B CN 107664053 B CN107664053 B CN 107664053B CN 201610600007 A CN201610600007 A CN 201610600007A CN 107664053 B CN107664053 B CN 107664053B
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CN107664053A (zh
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郭秀荣
马超
杜丹丰
王迎辉
任明磊
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Northeast Forestry University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0226—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being fibrous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/28—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a plasma reactor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Abstract

本发明涉及了一种基于低温等离子体的增强式汽车尾气木纤维净化器，属于汽车尾气净化技术领域，包括反应器、法兰、轮毂状支撑架、木纤维DPF滤芯等。反应器包括预反应器和主反应器两部分且通过法兰连接，反应器以石英玻璃管为放电介质，石英玻璃管外部与接地极相连接，预反应器中产生的高活性粒子可增强主反应器净化能力。法兰接有高压电极接线柱，高压电极接线柱连接高压电极线，高压电极线通过轮毂状支撑架固定于反应器中轴线位置，高压电极线穿过主反应器中的木纤维DPF滤芯，木纤维DPF滤芯内部中空且带有导流帽，通过支撑架固定于石英玻璃管上。木纤维DPF滤芯与接地极绝缘连接，导流帽与高压电极线焊接为一体，该反应器主要应用于汽车尾气净化方面。

Description

一种基于低温等离子体的增强式汽车尾气木纤维净化器
技术领域：
本发明属于汽车尾气净化领域，具体涉及一种基于低温等离子体的增强式汽车尾气木纤维净化器。
背景技术：
柴油机具有燃油经济性高、动力足和维护成本低等优点而被广泛应用，但其尾气所排放的污染物严重制约了柴油机的发展，柴油机尾气微粒物(PM)的排放量是汽油机的几十甚至上百倍，随着柴油车尾气排放标准的日益严格，降低PM和NOx排放量已成为研发的首要任务。选择性催化还原(SCR)系统和柴油车尾气微粒捕集器(DPF)已经在柴油车上加以应用。但是SCR系统存在使用温度范围小、氨气易泄漏、催化剂易中毒、占用空间大和成本高等问题；DPF存在对纳米级PM捕集效率低、可再生难、背压高和对油品要求高等问题。低温等离子体技术在柴油车尾气后处理技术中的应用已成为热点问题，但是由于其能量利用率低、结构复杂、目标产物选择性差等缺点使其依然没有达到商业化和规模化的需求。
发明内容：
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种基于低温等离子体的增强式汽车尾气木纤维净化器，采用的技术方案如下：
一种基于低温等离子体的增强式汽车尾气木纤维净化器，包括预反应器、法兰、轮毂状支撑架、木纤维DPF滤芯等。反应器包括预反应器与主反应器两部分且通过法兰连接，反应器以石英玻璃管为放电介质，石英玻璃管外部与接地极相连接，预反应器中产生的高活性粒子可增强主反应器的净化能力，法兰连接便于净化器的拆卸和更换DPF滤芯。法兰接有高压电极接线柱，高压电极接线柱连接高压电极线，高压电极线通过轮毂状支撑架固定于反应器的中轴线位置，高压电极线穿过主反应器中的木纤维DPF滤芯，木纤维DPF滤芯内部中空且带有导流帽，通过轮毂状支撑架固定于石英玻璃管上。木纤维DPF滤芯与接地极绝缘连接，导流帽与高压电极线焊接为一体，法兰与石英玻璃管之间安装有密封胶圈，起到使反应器密封的作用，法兰处设置有“T”型绝缘垫，且滤芯负载纳米级氧化铈作为催化剂，可提高反应器的目标产物选择性。
本发明具有以下优点：本装置可安装在排气管后方，具有安装方便、净化效率高、排气背压小、目标产物选择性高和使用寿命长等优点，能有效控制柴油车尾气中PM和NOx的排放。
附图说明：
图1是一种基于低温等离子体的增强式汽车尾气木纤维净化器结构示意图。
具体实施方式：
下面通过具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细的说明：
图中，1预反应器、2密封胶圈、3高压电极接线柱、4法兰、5主反应器、6木纤维DPF滤芯、7接地极、8石英玻璃管、9导流帽、10“T”型绝缘垫、11轮毂状支撑架、12高压电极线。
一种基于低温等离子体的增强式汽车尾气木纤维净化器，包括反应器、法兰4、轮毂状支撑架11、木纤维DPF滤芯6等。反应器包括预反应器1和主反应器5两部分且通过法兰4连接，反应器以石英玻璃管8为放电介质，石英玻璃管8外部与接地极7相连接。法兰4接有高压电极接线柱3，高压电极接线柱3连接高压电极线12，高压电极线12通过轮毂状支撑架11固定于反应器的中轴线位置，高压电极线12穿过主反应器5中的木纤维DPF滤芯6，木纤维DPF滤芯6内部中空且带有导流帽9，通过轮毂状支撑架固定于石英玻璃管8上。木纤维DPF滤芯6与接地极7绝缘连接，导流帽9与高压电极线12焊接为一体，法兰4与石英玻璃管8之间安装有密封胶圈2，法兰4处设置有“T”型绝缘垫10。当汽车启动以后，汽车尾气从进气口进入预反应器1，同时高压电极接线柱3接通电源，预反应器1中的放电区产生高活性粒子，如羟基、臭氧、O的自由基等，这些活性粒子与尾气中的NOx和PM发生复杂的氧化还原反应，一部分PM会被氧化为CO或CO2，一部分NOx会被还原为N2，在预反应器中未被反应的活性粒子在气流的作用下进入主反应器5中，主反应器5中的PM会被木纤维DPF滤芯6捕集，在催化剂和低温等离子体的协同作用下进一步被氧化为CO或CO2，剩余的NOx也将继续被净化为N2。

Claims (2)

1.一种基于低温等离子体的增强式汽车尾气木纤维净化器，其特征在于：包括反应器、法兰(4)、轮毂状支撑架(11)、木纤维DPF滤芯(6)等；反应器包括预反应器(1)和主反应器(5)两部分且通过法兰(4)连接，反应器以石英玻璃管(8)为放电介质，石英玻璃管(8)外部与接地极(7)相连接；法兰(4)接有高压电极接线柱(3)，高压电极接线柱(3)连接高压电极线(12)，高压电极线(12)通过轮毂状支撑架(11)固定于反应器的中轴线位置，高压电极线(12)穿过主反应器(5)中的木纤维DPF滤芯(6)，木纤维DPF滤芯(6)内部中空且带有导流帽(9)，通过轮毂状支撑架固定于石英玻璃管(8)上；木纤维DPF滤芯(6)与接地极(7)绝缘连接，导流帽(9)与高压电极线(12)焊接为一体，法兰(4)与石英玻璃管(8)之间安装有密封胶圈(2)，法兰(4)处设置有T型绝缘垫(10)；预反应器(1)中的放电区可产生高活性粒子，高活性粒子为羟基、臭氧、O的自由基等，这些活性粒子可增强反应器对汽车尾气的净化能力；木纤维DPF滤芯(6)负载纳米级氧化铈作为催化剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于低温等离子体的增强式汽车尾气木纤维净化器，其特征在于：法兰(4)可便于汽车尾气木纤维净化器的拆卸和更换DPF滤芯。
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CN108643990B (zh) * 2018-04-04 2020-10-30 南京理工大学 一种基于低温等离子体技术的柴油机消烟装置
CN110388247A (zh) * 2018-04-18 2019-10-29 东北林业大学 螺旋状电极等离子体协同木纤维滤芯净化柴油机排气装置
CN108591647A (zh) * 2018-04-25 2018-09-28 连云港格航工业设计有限公司 一种可拆卸型石英连接法兰
CN110397490A (zh) * 2018-04-25 2019-11-01 东北林业大学 新型尖端电晕放电木纤维滤芯尾气处理装置
CN110394037A (zh) * 2018-04-25 2019-11-01 东北林业大学 木纤维滤芯多电极等离子体发生器净化尾气装置

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