CN107646654A - STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107646654A CN107646654A CN201711081455.0A CN201711081455A CN107646654A CN 107646654 A CN107646654 A CN 107646654A CN 201711081455 A CN201711081455 A CN 201711081455A CN 107646654 A CN107646654 A CN 107646654A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix and preparation method thereof, and in terms of weight fraction, seedling medium includes following composition：Ferment 25 40 parts of organic fertilizer, 15 30 parts of perlite, 5 15 parts of clinker, 0.02 0.1 parts of fertilizer, 5 10 parts of water-loss reducer.The STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture substrate seedling cycle is fast, and survival rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant cuttage propagation technical field, and in particular to a kind of STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix and its preparation
Method.
Background technology
Matrix is material the most key in nursery, be determine STEVIA REBAUDIANA root system growing environment an important factor for, it except
Outside fixed plant, moreover it is possible to provide nutrient and moisture for the production of plant；Different matrix have a great influence to nursery, matrix quality
Quality directly affects the success of seedling-raising technique；The application of modern solid matrix is relatively broad, is made and educated using stalk fermentation
Seedling matrix is also relatively universal, but matrix raw material are single mostly, and physical behavior and chemical property are all undesirable after fermentation；STEVIA REBAUDIANA skewer
It is big to be inserted through journey water requirement, it is especially also larger in later stage fertilizer requirement, it is general to carry out cuttage and seedling culture with husky or garden mould, matrix be present and do not protect
Water, it is airtight, the problems such as later stage fertilizer scarcity.
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix, and the cuttage and seedling culture matrix can be carried effectively
High-survival rate, improve nursery speed.
The second object of the present invention is the preparation method for providing above-mentioned STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix.
STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix of the present invention, in terms of weight fraction, including following composition：Fermentation organic fertilizer 25-40 parts,
Perlite 15-30 parts, clinker 5-15 parts, fertilizer 0.02-0.1 parts, water-loss reducer 5-10 parts.
Preferably, wherein described fermentation organic fertilizer is one or both of fermentation poultry dung or fermented stalk；It is preferred that
Fermentation poultry dung and fermented stalk compounding use, compound proportion are (1-2): 1.
The fine sand of 5-7 parts can be also mixed into matrix.
The preparation method of wherein described fermentation poultry dung is as follows：
(1) by one kind in 70-80 parts dried poultrymanure, 4-7 parts leavening, 10-20 parts rice bran, corn, wheat bran or soya-bean cake or
It is several, 4-6 part alcohol is added, is stirred, obtains chicken manure matrix；
(2) chicken manure matrix pH value is adjusted to 6-8；
(3) chicken manure water content of substrate is adjusted, moisture content is maintained between 60~65%；
(4) chicken manure builds heap, and stack height is in 1-2m, and width is in 1.5-3m, and length is in 2-4m；
(5) ventilation is mixed thoroughly：Chicken manure heap is made into bulk shape, bamboo pole with holes is inserted every 50-80cm, ensures ventilation, and
Timing is stirred, to carry out aerobic fermentation.
For chicken manure after accumulation 2 days, temperature can be increased to 50~60 DEG C, can reach more than 65 DEG C within the 3rd day, in this temperature
Under should stir once, generally, be likely to occur 2~3 more than 65 DEG C of high temperature during the fermentation, so, 2 need to be stirred
Fermentation process can be completed for~3 times, the next week left and right of normal condition can ferment completion.
5-10 part edible mushroom rod discarded objects can also be added in step (1) to ferment together, described edible mushroom rod discarded object
It is 100-300 mesh that particle diameter is crushed to during use, the preferred pleurotus eryngii bacteria stick discarded object of bacteria stick, and its original pleurotus eryngii is (raw with culture medium
Culture medium before production pleurotus eryngii) it is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight：Mulberry tree branch powder 20-25 parts, cotton seed hulls 10-20 parts, wheat
Bran 20-25 parts, dregs of beans 5-10 parts, corncob 5-10 parts, corn flour 5-10 parts, precipitated calcium carbonate 0.5-1.5 parts.
The preparation method of wherein described fermented stalk is as follows：
Prepare Step 1: making fertile material：It is maize straw or wheat stalk to make fertile material：Such as using maize straw need through
Coarse crushing is crossed, wheat stalk then can be used directly；
Step 2: leavening is activated, leavening Activiation method：4-7 part brown sugar is added in 10-15 part kg of water, is boiled
After opening, 10-20 part water is added in the brown sugar water boiled, cools down, finally leavening 5-10 parts is poured into water again and stirred evenly, is filled
After bucket is sealed by fermentation 6-8 days, leavening is activated by completing when smelling tart flavour or vinosity, and above number is parts by weight；
Step 3: pile-fermentation：Leavening after 25-35 parts are activated is added in the fertilizer material processed of 900-1000 parts, together
Shi Jiashui, add the principle of water, added from less to more when adding water, the moisture content of fermentation material is maintained at 55-
65%；Then heap is built, stack height is in 1-2m, and width 1.5-3m, length is in 2-4m；
Step 4: stalk degenerates process.
It can substantially divide with the next stage from the change of stalk heap temperature：1. the temperature rise period.I.e. stalk heap temperature is raised to 50 DEG C from normal temperature
It is the left and right stage, general only to need 1 day or so；2. hot stage.70 DEG C of stages are raised to from 50 DEG C, it is general only to need 2 days；3. cool rank
Section；That is continuous high temperature starts to cool after 1-2 weeks；Now the process of stalk fermentation system fertilizer is completed.
Wherein described fertilizer is urea, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium carbonate compounding, and compounding weight ratio is (2-3): (3-5):
1。
Wherein described water-loss reducer is polyacrylamide (PAM).
The particle diameter of clinker and perlite is 100-300 mesh in STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix of the present invention.
The preparation method of STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix of the present invention is as follows：
Weigh up batch raw material quantity：Raw material mixing is weighed up in proportion, and water content 14%-19% is adjusted during use.
STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix of the present invention has the beneficial effect that：
(1) present invention is by the nutrient demand and physiological status during studying STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage, for the growth phase
STEVIA REBAUDIANA made a kind of cultivation matrix to measure, using the matrix carry out STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture, by cuttings insert matrix after,
It is viable without fertilising, and can cultivates into strong sprout, it is simple and easy；
(2) matrix disclosed by the invention, survival rate can be effectively improved：The cuttage survival rate one of general common solid matrix
As 85%~90%, and use this matrix to carry out the cuttage and seedling culture of STEVIA REBAUDIANA, survival rate reaches as high as 100%；
(3) matrix disclosed by the invention, cultivation speed can be effectively improved：With general mechanism carry out cuttage, STEVIA REBAUDIANA from
Cuttage seeding, which grows into strong sprout, needs the time in or so three week, and uses the cuttage and seedling culture of this matrix progress STEVIA REBAUDIANA, cuttage seeding
Through the times of two weeks or so can rooting and transplant, cultivate speed；
(4) matrix uses the agricultural wastes such as stalk, chicken manure, by its recycling, and utilizes perlite, clinker
Deng can accomplish to place, free from extraneous odour, green harmless to people and animals for a long time；
(5) matrix is by adding clinker, urea, NaH2PO4、K2CO3, soil pH value is adjusted to neutrality, is stablized it and is contained
Some nutrients, obtain more preferable chemical stability；By adding a certain proportion of perlite, adjust soil porosity and
Water content, so as to obtain physically better stability.
(6) the preparation method preparation amount of the matrix is larger, step clear and definite, meets matrix and prepares on a large scale, STEVIA REBAUDIANA
The requirement of extensive cuttage and seedling culture.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with example, but those skilled in the art will manage
Solution, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
Water-loss reducer is polyacrylamide (PAM) in embodiment.
Fermentation poultry dung A preparation method is as follows in embodiment：
(1) by 75 kilograms of dried poultrymanures, 5 kilograms of " Nong Shengle " board leavenings, 15 kilograms of soya-bean cakes, 5 kilograms of alcohol is added, are stirred
Mix uniformly, obtain chicken manure matrix；
(2) chicken manure matrix pH value is adjusted to 6-8；
(3) chicken manure water content of substrate is adjusted, moisture content is maintained between 60~65%；
(4) chicken manure builds heap, and stack height is in 1.5m, and width 2m, length is in 3m；
(5) ventilation is mixed thoroughly：Chicken manure heap is made into bulk shape, inserts a bamboo pole every 50cm in width, bamboo pole is straight
Footpath 3-5cm, bamboo pole will punch, and hole knockout is that every bamboo pole uniformly makes a call to 4 row holes vertically, and line space is identical, the pitch of holes of each row
For 7cm, aperture 2-3cm, ensure ventilation, and timing overturns, to carry out aerobic fermentation.
For chicken manure after accumulation 2 days, temperature is increased to 50~60 DEG C, can reach more than 65 DEG C within the 3rd day, turn at this temperature
1 time, 3 more than 65 DEG C of high temperature are likely to occur during the fermentation, so, need to overturn can complete fermentation process for 3 times, and 7
Its fermentation is completed.
Fermentation poultry dung B preparation method is as follows in embodiment：
(1) 75 kilograms of dried poultrymanures, 5 kilograms of " Nong Shengle " board leavenings, 15 kilograms of soya-bean cakes, 5 kilograms of edible mushroom rods are discarded
Thing, 5 parts of alcohol are added, are stirred, obtain chicken manure matrix；
(2) chicken manure matrix pH value is adjusted to 6-8；
(3) chicken manure water content of substrate is adjusted, moisture content is maintained between 60~65%；
(4) chicken manure builds heap, and stack height is in 1.5m, and width 2m, length is in 3m；
(5) mix ventilation thoroughly, chicken manure heap is made into bulk shape, insert a bamboo pole every 50cm in width, bamboo pole is straight
Footpath 3-5cm, bamboo pole will punch, and hole knockout is that every bamboo pole uniformly makes a call to 4 row holes vertically, and line space is identical, the pitch of holes of each row
For 7cm, aperture 2-3cm, ensure ventilation, and timing is stirred, to carry out aerobic fermentation.
For chicken manure after accumulation 2 days, temperature is increased to 50~60 DEG C, reaches more than 65 DEG C within the 3rd day, overturns 1 at this temperature
It is secondary, occur 3 more than 65 DEG C of high temperature during the fermentation, so, need to overturn 3 times can complete fermentation process, ferment within 7 days
Into.
Described edible mushroom rod discarded object using when to be crushed to particle diameter be 100-300 mesh, bacteria stick is pleurotus eryngii bacteria stick, and it is former
Beginning pleurotus eryngii is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight with culture medium (culture medium before production pleurotus eryngii)：35 parts of mulberry tree branch powder,
15 parts of cotton seed hulls, 25 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of dregs of beans, 10 parts of corncob, 7 parts of corn flour, 1 part of precipitated calcium carbonate.
The preparation method of fermented stalk described in embodiment is as follows：
Prepare Step 1: making fertile material：It is wheat stalk to make fertile material；
Step 2: leavening is activated, leavening is " agriculture Citroen zx " organic leavening, Activiation method：In 15 parts of kg of water
5 kilograms of brown sugar of middle addition, after boiling, add 10 kg of water in the brown sugar water boiled, and cool down, finally again that leavening 5 is public
Jin, which is poured into water, to be stirred evenly, and after barrelling is sealed by fermentation 7 days, leavening is activated by completing when smelling tart flavour or vinosity；
Step 3: pile-fermentation：Leavening after 25-35 kilograms of activation is added to 900-1000 kilograms of fertilizer material processed
In, while add water, add the principle of water, added from less to more when adding water, the moisture content of fermentation material is maintained at
55-65%；Then heap is built, stack height is in 1-2m, and width 1.5-3m, length is in 2-4m；
Step 4：Stalk degenerates process；It can substantially divide with the next stage from the change of stalk heap temperature：1. the temperature rise period.That is stalk
Heap temperature is raised to 50 DEG C or so stages from normal temperature, 1 day；2. hot stage.70 DEG C of stages are raised to from 50 DEG C, are only needed 2 days；3. drop
Thermophase.I.e. continuous high temperature starts to cool after 10 days；Now the process of stalk fermentation system fertilizer is completed.
Fertilizer used is urea in embodiment：NaH2PO4∶K2CO3=2: 4: 1.
Embodiment 1-6 formula is shown in Table 1；Embodiment 7-9 and comparative example 1-3 formula are shown in Table 2.
Table 1
| Embodiment | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Fermentation poultry dung A | 30 | - | - | 15 | - | - |
| Fermentation poultry dung B | - | 30 | - | - | 15 | 20 |
| Fermented stalk | - | - | 30 | 15 | 15 | 10 |
| Perlite | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 15 |
| Clinker | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 15 |
| Fertilizer | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 |
| Water-loss reducer | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 |
Table 2
| Embodiment | 7 | 8 | 9 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 |
| Fermentation poultry dung A | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Fermentation poultry dung B | 16 | 20 | 17 | 37 | 5 | 17 |
| Fermented stalk | 14 | 20 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
| Perlite | 19 | 17 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 10 |
| Clinker | 11 | 13 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 20 |
| Fertilizer | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
| Water-loss reducer | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Fine sand | - | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
Comparative example 1 increases the dosage of fermentation poultry dung on the basis of embodiment 9, and other are same as Example 9, comparative example
2 reduce the dosage of fermentation poultry dung on the basis of embodiment 9, and other are same as Example 9, and comparative example 3 is by perlite and stove
The dosage exchange of slag, other are same as Example 9.
STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage is carried out using the seedling medium of above example and comparative example, containing for seedling medium is adjusted during use
Water is 16%-19%, and cottage method is as follows：
1st, cuttings is handled：Selection is healthy and strong, the annual branch of no disease and pests harm does cuttings, each cutting length 5cm or so, strain
Line-spacing is 2.5cm × 5cm；Matrix and cutting are carried out disinfection with 800-1000 times of liquid of Bravo before inserting；
2nd, 20-28 DEG C of keeping temperature after cuttage, humidity more than 85%, can take root within two weeks or so, and radical is more, can enter
Row transplanting.
Above example, the effect of comparative example are shown in Table 3.
Table 3
| Test strain number | Survive strain number | Take root required time/day | Strain number is survived after transplanting | |
| Embodiment 1 | 100 | 90 | 16 | 85 |
| Embodiment 2 | 100 | 91 | 15 | 86 |
| Embodiment 3 | 100 | 92 | 15 | 87 |
| Embodiment 4 | 100 | 92 | 15 | 90 |
| Embodiment 5 | 100 | 99 | 13 | 99 |
| Embodiment 6 | 100 | 99 | 13 | 99 |
| Embodiment 7 | 100 | 99 | 13 | 99 |
| Embodiment 8 | 100 | 99 | 13 | 99 |
| Embodiment 9 | 100 | 100 | 14 | 100 |
| Comparative example 1 | 100 | 65 | 14 | 50 |
| Comparative example 2 | 100 | 86 | 20 | 83 |
| Comparative example 3 | 100 | 90 | 18 | 90 |
As can be seen from the above embodiments, STEVIA REBAUDIANA is coordinated with fermented stalk added with the fermentation poultry dung of edible mushroom rod discarded object
The effect that cuttage obtains is best, has synergy with fermented stalk added with the fermentation poultry dung of edible mushroom rod discarded object
Above content describes the general principle and principal character of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments,
Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, and these changes and improvements are all
Fall into scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix, in terms of weight fraction, including following composition：Fermentation organic fertilizer 25-40 parts, pearl
Rock 15-30 parts, clinker 5-15 parts, fertilizer 0.02-0.1 parts, water-loss reducer 5-10 parts.
2. STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fermentation organic fertilizer is fermentation
One or both of chicken manure or fermented stalk.
3. STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that fermentation organic fertilizer be fermentation poultry dung and
Fermented stalk compounding use, compound proportion 1-2: 1.
4. STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that can also be mixed into the fine sand of 5-7 parts.
5. STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the preparation method of the fermentation poultry dung
It is as follows：
(1) by the one or more in 70-80 parts dried poultrymanure, 4-7 parts leavening, 10-20 parts rice bran, corn, wheat bran or soya-bean cake,
4-6 part alcohol is added, is stirred, obtains chicken manure matrix；
(2) chicken manure matrix pH value is adjusted to 6-8；
(3) chicken manure water content of substrate is adjusted, moisture content is maintained between 60~65%；
(4) chicken manure builds heap, and stack height is in 1-2m, and width is in 1.5-3m, and length is in 2-4m；
(5) ventilation is mixed thoroughly：Bamboo pole with holes is inserted every 50-80cm, and timing is stirred, to carry out aerobic fermentation.
6. STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix according to claim 5, it is characterised in that step can also add 5-10 in (1)
Part edible mushroom rod discarded object ferments together, described edible mushroom rod discarded object using when be crushed to particle diameter 100-300 mesh.
7. STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the edible mushroom rod discarded object is apricot
Abalone mushroom bacteria stick discarded object, its original pleurotus eryngii are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight with culture medium：Mulberry tree branch powder 20-25 parts,
Cotton seed hulls 10-20 parts, wheat bran 20-25 parts, dregs of beans 5-10 parts, corncob 5-10 parts, corn flour 5-10 parts, precipitated calcium carbonate 0.5-
1.5 part.
8. STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the preparation method of the fermented stalk
It is as follows：
Prepare Step 1: making fertile material：It is maize straw or wheat stalk to make fertile material：It need to such as be passed through using maize straw thick
Crush, wheat stalk then can be used directly；
Step 2: leavening is activated, leavening Activiation method：4-7 part brown sugar is added in 10-15 part kg of water, after boiling,
10-20 part water is added in the brown sugar water boiled, cools down, finally leavening 5-10 parts is poured into water again and stirred evenly, barrelling is close
Seal ferment is after 6-8 days, and leavening activation completion when smelling tart flavour or vinosity, above number is parts by weight；
Step 3: pile-fermentation：Leavening after 25-35 parts are activated is added in the fertilizer material processed of 900-1000 parts, is added simultaneously
Water, the moisture content of fermentation material is maintained at 55-65%；Then build heap, stack height in 1-2m, width 1.5-3m,
Length is in 2-4m；
Step 4: stalk is degenerated.
9. STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fertilizer is urea, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen sodium and potassium carbonate compounding, compounding weight ratio is (2-3): (3-5): 1.
10. the preparation method of STEVIA REBAUDIANA cuttage and seedling culture matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include following step successively
Suddenly：
Weigh up batch raw material quantity：Raw material mixing, regulation water content 14%-19% are weighed up in proportion.
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| CN108849386A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-23 | 安徽润航农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of low cost soilless culture substrate |
| CN109197550A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-15 | 湖南省银鑫油茶开发有限公司 | A kind of tea oil tree propagation method |
| CN109197200A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-15 | 常宁市瑶园生态农业科技发展有限公司 | Tea cutting mating system |
| CN112703990A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-27 | 长治学院 | Matrix suitable for forest cutting seedling transplanting and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN109197200A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-15 | 常宁市瑶园生态农业科技发展有限公司 | Tea cutting mating system |
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Application publication date: 20180202 |