CN107637349A - A kind of method of prevention and control grape thrips - Google Patents
A kind of method of prevention and control grape thrips Download PDFInfo
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- CN107637349A CN107637349A CN201710872824.1A CN201710872824A CN107637349A CN 107637349 A CN107637349 A CN 107637349A CN 201710872824 A CN201710872824 A CN 201710872824A CN 107637349 A CN107637349 A CN 107637349A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of prevention and control grape thrips, it is related to pest and disease control of fruit trees technical field；The present invention is occurred according to grape thrips and harming rule; the thrips in the soil of vineyard is killed by using botanical pesticide suppression; reasonable Arrangement suppresses thrips using insect sticker and insect-sticking plate; the plantation Trap plants such as setose thistle and ternip, which are lured, annihilates a series of technological means such as the nectariferous plant protection thrips natural enemy such as thrips and plantation clover, purple perilla and marjoram; effectively reduce the harm of grape thrips; reach non-polluted planting purpose, improve the quality of grape.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to pest and disease control of fruit trees technical field, and in particular to a kind of method of prevention and control grape thrips.
【Background technology】
Grape thrips is under the jurisdiction of Thysanoptera Thripidae thrips subfamily Thrips, also known as onion thrips, cotton thrips, onion thrips, is
Endanger one of primary pest of grape.Except this, endanger grape thrip fuana also have yellow chest thrips, cuckoo thrips, color thrips and
Eight section golden thistle horses etc. are several, and main harm period is the florescence and veraison of grape.Thrips is got over typically on weeds or in soil
Winter, spring are transferred to breeding on grape tender leaf and caused harm, and up to December is upper, thrips is can be also found that before the middle ten days grape fallen leaves, thrips sends out
Raw peak period is 5-6 the first tenday period of a month month and the 8-10 months in the two periods.Grape thrips hazard approach and endanger shape and be：Nymph or into
Worm inhales the juice of young fruit, tender leaf and young sprout epidermal cell with rasping-sucking mouthparts, and chlorophyll is destroyed after blade is aggrieved, occurs yellow
Spot, blade become curl, or even withered or perforation, grow suppressed, young fruit part of damage dehydration drying shrinkage after young sprout is killed, formed
Small blackspot, and increase with fruit body and expand, suberification brown rust staining of different shapes is presented, can seriously cause dehiscent fruit, serious shadow
Ring fruit to see in vitro, reduce commodity value.
The preventing control method of grape thrips is mainly chemical pesticide control, biological pesticide preventing and treating and physics mass trapping etc. at present
A variety of prevention and control modes are combined, and the use of excessive chemical pesticide can cause the big of residues of pesticides, environmental pollution and thrips natural enemy
Amount is reduced, and is not reached non-polluted planting standard, therefore, need to be sought a kind of green method and carry out prevention and control thrips, to reach nuisanceless kind
Plant the purpose of grape.
【The content of the invention】
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of method of prevention and control grape thrips, the party
Method is occurred according to grape thrips and harming rule, and thrips in the soil of vineyard is killed by suppression, reasonable Arrangement using insect sticker and
Insect-sticking plate suppresses thrips, and plantation Trap plants, which are lured, annihilates a series of skills such as thrips and plantation nectariferous plant protection thrips natural enemy
Art means, the generation of grape thrips is effectively reduced, reached non-polluted planting purpose, improve the quality of grape.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of method of prevention and control grape thrips, comprises the following steps：
(1) winter by the weeds complete liquidation in vineyard it is clean after, with botanical pesticide and water with 1:10-20 volume
In being manured into soil than mixing, the thrips to be survived the winter in soil is killed, and one is applied within one week around bark at trunk before spring has set in
Slice width degree is 5-8cm insect sticker；
(2) blue insect-sticking plate trapping thrips is arranged in vineyard, the insect-sticking plate is arranged on the vine side of labeling 20-
At 50cm, and it is 4-6m to hang spacing, is changed after worm is full, whole Ji Jun is used；
(3) spring is spaced drilling interplanting nectariferous plant under vine, and the nectariferous plant is clover, purple perilla and Ma Yu
Orchid, and clover is planted between purple perilla and marjoram, can be provided for the natural enemy of thrips and inhabit breeding place and food；
(4) spring plants Trap plants in remote vineyard 3-5m place around garden, and the Trap plants are for setose thistle and in vain
The cultivated area of radish, setose thistle and ternip is the 0.5-1.5% of whole vineyard area, endangers the phase in grape thrips, treats thrips
Concentration is carried out after a large amount of aggregations on Trap plants to annihilate, meanwhile, using 0.3-1.2% 1000-2000 times of matrine with
0.3-0.5% 1000-2000 times of jervine alternately sprays grape；
(5) at the grape florescence to veraison, sprayed with reinforcing agent is trapped on the Trap plants, the amount of spraying is 20-
50mL/m3, carry out concentration with biological pesticide after laying eggs after thrips aggregation or largely and annihilate；The preparation method for trapping reinforcing agent
For：After the grape leaf of equivalent and eggplant leaf are cut into broken section, by described broken section with the water milled mixture of 3-4 times of weight into slurries,
5-8 layer filtered through gauze slurries are used again, are taken filtrate, are produced.
Further, in step (1), the preparation method of the botanical pesticide is：By tobacco 25-30 parts, deinsectization
After chrysanthemum 30-40 parts, eucalyptus camaldulensis 10-15 parts, Pogostemon cablin 8-15 parts and rosemary 12-18 parts crush, the volume of 5-10 times of weight is added
Refluxing extraction 1-2h in the ethanol that fraction is 85-95%, repeats extraction 2-3 times, merges extract solution, produces.
Further, in step (4), the setose thistle and ternip cultivated area ratio are 2:8.
Further, in step (5), the spraying time for trapping reinforcing agent is cloudy day or in period the dusk.
Further, in step (5), described trap is diluted when reinforcing agent sprays with 50-100 times of water.
Further, in step (5), the preventing control method is additionally included in grape florescence to veraison and thrips is launched into garden
Natural enemy Predatory Mites or minute pirate bugs, injected volume are no less than 70/mu.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
1. the present invention occurs according to grape thrips and harming rule, the thrips in the soil of vineyard, reasonable cloth are killed by suppression
Put and suppress thrips using insect sticker and insect-sticking plate, plantation Trap plants, which are lured, annihilates thrips and plantation nectariferous plant protection thrips
A series of technological means such as natural enemy, effectively reduce the generation of grape thrips, have reached non-polluted planting purpose, have improved grape
Quality.
2. winter botanical pesticide of the invention mixes with water to be manured into soil, botanical pesticide is by tobacco, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, red
Eucalyptus, Pogostemon cablin and rosemary are made, and the wherein active insecticidal components in tobacco and Dalmatian chrysanthemum are a variety of to thrips, caterpillar, moth class etc.
Insect have it is strong tag, stomach toxicity kills and benumbs effects on neural system, the desinsection derived essential oil pair in eucalyptus camaldulensis, Pogostemon cablin and rosemary
The various pests such as thrips and aleyrodid, aphid and moth class have action of contace poison, therefore each raw material is combined in this botanical pesticide
The thrips largely to be survived the winter in soil, and positive effect can be killed.
3. spring of the invention is spaced the nectariferous plants such as drilling interplanting clover, purple perilla and marjoram under vine, wherein,
Clover can not only use as green manure, can also attract aphid parasite, cocoon honeybee, Chrysopa, spider, post fly, wasp fly, parasitic wasp
Deng beneficial insect, natural enemy and other beneficial insects for thrips, which provide, inhabites breeding place, food and good ecological environment, solves not
The problem of reasons such as reasonable employment agricultural chemicals cause thrips natural enemy largely to reduce, meanwhile, clover is planted in purple perilla and marjoram
Between, because the fragrant plants such as purple perilla and marjoram have stronger drive thrips ability, thrips can be expelled in clover both sides by planting
Leave, prevent thrips inhabites from hiding in clover clump, therefore, clover, purple perilla and marjoram synergy, further improve
The ecological environment in vineyard, beneficial insect turn into dominant population, reduce thrips harm.
4. spring of the invention plants Trap plants around vineyard kind setose thistle and ternip etc., ternip and setose thistle have very strong to thrips
Trap ability, plant in vineyard surrounding, thrips can be trapped and live away from home and lay eggs, be easy to concentrate kill, thrips is lured into union
While middle killing, also alternately spray grape using matrine and jervine, can effectively press down and kill thrips, prevent extensive diffusion and
Harm, further reduce invasion and attack of the thrips to grape.
5. the present invention is sprayed on Trap plants, trapping reinforcing agent by Portugal at the grape florescence to veraison with reinforcing agent is trapped
Grape leaf and eggplant leaf rub, filtering is made, grape leaf with eggplant containing great amount of soluble sugar and the fragrance with attractive effect into
Point, feeding choice of the thrips to Trap plants is improved after spraying, makes thrips prefer to be gathered on Trap plants, away from grape
Garden, it is easy to collective to annihilate, and then improves prevention effect.
【Embodiment】
The embodiment of the present invention is described further with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of prevention and control grape thrips of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
(1) winter by the weeds complete liquidation in vineyard it is clean after, with botanical pesticide and water with 1:10 volume ratio
During mixing is manured into soil, the thrips to be survived the winter in soil is killed, and one layer is applied within one week around bark at trunk before spring has set in
Width is 5cm insect sticker；Wherein, the preparation method of the botanical pesticide is：By 25 parts of tobacco, 30 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemum,
After 12 parts of 10 parts of eucalyptus camaldulensis, 8 parts of Pogostemon cablin and rosemary crush, the volume fraction for adding 5 times of weight is to be flowed back in 85% ethanol
1h is extracted, repeats extraction 2 times, merges extract solution, produces；
(2) blue insect-sticking plate trapping thrips is arranged in vineyard, the insect-sticking plate is arranged on the vine side of labeling 20cm
Place, and it is 4m to hang spacing, is changed after worm is full, whole Ji Jun is used；
(3) spring is spaced drilling interplanting nectariferous plant under vine, and the nectariferous plant is clover, purple perilla and Ma Yu
Orchid, and clover is planted between purple perilla and marjoram, can be provided for the natural enemy of thrips and inhabit breeding place and food；
(4) spring plants Trap plants in the place away from vineyard 3m around garden, and the Trap plants are setose thistle and Bai Luo
Foretell, the cultivated area of setose thistle and ternip is the 0.5% of whole vineyard area, and the setose thistle and ternip cultivated area ratio are 2:
8, the phase is endangered in grape thrips, carrying out concentration after a large amount of aggregations on Trap plants after thrips annihilates, meanwhile, use 0.3%
1000 times of matrine and 0.3% 1000 times of alternatings of jervine spray grape；
(5) at the grape florescence to veraison, sprayed in cloudy day or with reinforcing agent is trapped in the Trap plants in period the dusk
On, the amount of spraying is 20mL/m3, diluted with 50 times of water when spraying, carried out after thrips aggregation or a large amount of spawnings with biological pesticide
Concentration is annihilated；Meanwhile thrips natural enemy Predatory Mites are launched also into garden, injected volume is 70/mu；The preparation for trapping reinforcing agent
Method is：After the grape leaf of equivalent and eggplant leaf are cut into broken section, by described broken section with the water milled mixtures of 3 times of weight into slurry
Liquid, then with 5 layers of filtered through gauze slurries, take filtrate, produce.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of prevention and control grape thrips of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
(1) winter by the weeds complete liquidation in vineyard it is clean after, with botanical pesticide and water with 1:20 volume ratio
During mixing is manured into soil, the thrips to be survived the winter in soil is killed, and one layer is applied within one week around bark at trunk before spring has set in
Width is 8cm insect sticker；Wherein, the preparation method of the botanical pesticide is：By 30 parts of tobacco, 40 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemum,
After 18 parts of 15 parts of eucalyptus camaldulensis, 15 parts of Pogostemon cablin and rosemary crush, the volume fraction for adding 10 times of weight is in 95% ethanol times
Stream extraction 2h, repeats extraction 3 times, merges extract solution, produce；
(2) blue insect-sticking plate trapping thrips is arranged in vineyard, the insect-sticking plate is arranged on the vine side of labeling 50cm
Place, and it is 6m to hang spacing, is changed after worm is full, whole Ji Jun is used；
(3) spring is spaced drilling interplanting nectariferous plant under vine, and the nectariferous plant is clover, purple perilla and Ma Yu
Orchid, and clover is planted between purple perilla and marjoram, can be provided for the natural enemy of thrips and inhabit breeding place and food；
(4) spring plants Trap plants in the place away from vineyard 5m around garden, and the Trap plants are setose thistle and Bai Luo
Foretell, the cultivated area of setose thistle and ternip is the 1.5% of whole vineyard area, and the setose thistle and ternip cultivated area ratio are 2:
8, the phase is endangered in grape thrips, carrying out concentration after a large amount of aggregations on Trap plants after thrips annihilates, meanwhile, use 1.2%
2000 times of matrine and 0.5% 2000 times of alternatings of jervine spray grape；
(5) at the grape florescence to veraison, sprayed in cloudy day or with reinforcing agent is trapped in the Trap plants in period the dusk
On, the amount of spraying is 50mL/m3, diluted with 100 times of water when spraying, carried out after thrips aggregation or a large amount of spawnings with biological pesticide
Concentration is annihilated；Meanwhile thrips natural enemy minute pirate bugs are launched also into garden, injected volume is 80/mu；The preparation for trapping reinforcing agent
Method is：After the grape leaf of equivalent and eggplant leaf are cut into broken section, by described broken section with the water milled mixtures of 4 times of weight into slurry
Liquid, then with 8 layers of filtered through gauze slurries, take filtrate, produce.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of prevention and control grape thrips of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
(1) winter by the weeds complete liquidation in vineyard it is clean after, with botanical pesticide and water with 1:15 volume ratio
During mixing is manured into soil, the thrips to be survived the winter in soil is killed, and one layer is applied within one week around bark at trunk before spring has set in
Width is 6cm insect sticker；Wherein, the preparation method of the botanical pesticide is：By 27 parts of tobacco, 35 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemum,
After 15 parts of 12 parts of eucalyptus camaldulensis, 11 parts of Pogostemon cablin and rosemary crush, the volume fraction for adding 7 times of weight is to be flowed back in 90% ethanol
1.5h is extracted, repeats extraction 3 times, merges extract solution, produces；
(2) blue insect-sticking plate trapping thrips is arranged in vineyard, the insect-sticking plate is arranged on the vine side of labeling 45cm
Place, and it is 5m to hang spacing, is changed after worm is full, whole Ji Jun is used；
(3) spring is spaced drilling interplanting nectariferous plant under vine, and the nectariferous plant is clover, purple perilla and Ma Yu
Orchid, and clover is planted between purple perilla and marjoram, can be provided for the natural enemy of thrips and inhabit breeding place and food；
(4) spring plants Trap plants in the place away from vineyard 4m around garden, and the Trap plants are setose thistle and Bai Luo
Foretell, the cultivated area of setose thistle and ternip is the 1% of whole vineyard area, and the setose thistle and ternip cultivated area ratio are 2:8,
The phase is endangered in grape thrips, carrying out concentration after a large amount of aggregations on Trap plants after thrips annihilates, meanwhile, use 0.5% hardship
1500 times of alkali of ginseng and 0.4% 1500 times of alternatings of jervine spray grape；
(5) at the grape florescence to veraison, sprayed in cloudy day or with reinforcing agent is trapped in the Trap plants in period the dusk
On, the amount of spraying is 40mL/m3, diluted with 80 times of water when spraying, carried out after thrips aggregation or a large amount of spawnings with biological pesticide
Concentration is annihilated；Meanwhile thrips natural enemy Predatory Mites are launched also into garden, injected volume is 100/mu；The system for trapping reinforcing agent
Preparation Method is：After the grape leaf of equivalent and eggplant leaf are cut into broken section, by described broken section with the water milled mixtures of 3.5 times of weight into
Slurries, then with 7 layers of filtered through gauze slurries, take filtrate, produce.
Control effect experiment of the present invention：
In order to illustrate the effect of the present invention, applicant has done comparative testing below：Experiment be divided into the 1st group, the 2nd group, the 3rd
Group, control group 1, control group 2, control group 3, control group 4, control group 5, control group 6 totally 9 groups, every group is one and takes up an area 1 mu
Vineyard, the grape variety and implantation time all same of plantation, and the environmental condition residing for each group is consistent.1st group, the 2nd
Group, the 3rd group respectively using embodiment 1, embodiment 2, the method for embodiment 3 carry out prevention and control, control group 1 is in step (1), winter
Mix with water without botanical pesticide in being manured into soil, but only vineyard irrigated with water, other steps with implementation
Example 3 is identical；For control group 2 in step (3), spring does not plant nectariferous plant in vineyard, other steps with the phase of embodiment 3
Together；For control group 3 in step (3), spring only plants clover in vineyard, does not plant purple perilla and marjoram, other steps
It is same as Example 3；Control group 4 is in step (4), and spring plants Trap plants around vineyard kind setose thistle and ternip etc., only
Grape alternately is sprayed using matrine and jervine, other steps are same as Example 3；Control group 5 is in step (4), the spring
Season plants Trap plants around vineyard kind setose thistle and ternip etc., but unused matrine and jervine alternately spray grape, other
Step is same as Example 3；Control group 6 in step (5), grape florescence to veraison be not used trap reinforcing agent spray in
On Trap plants, other steps are same as Example 3.9 groups other management conditions are consistent, and wine-growing exists after the florescence
60 light green blades are randomly selected in every group and 6 a string of flowers are counted, count the thrips quantity collected per a string of flowers and every leaf
Insect population number on piece, and 60 strings are randomly selected in the Chinese olive phase, often there is brown rust staining rate to statistics in string fruit, averages, as a result
It is shown in Table 1：
Table 1
It was found from the 1st group, the 2nd group, the 3rd group, prevented and treated using the method for the present invention, the grape florescence averagely adopts per a string of flowers
There is brown in the thrips quantity collected as little as 0-1 heads, averagely the insect population number as little as 0-2 mouths on every blade, average often string fruit
Rust staining rate as little as 0-4.5%, better than traditional preventing control method；It was found from the 3rd group of contrast with control group 1, winter of the invention plants
Material resource agricultural chemicals mixes with water to be manured into soil, and can kill the thrips largely to be survived the winter in soil, reduces harm；From the 3rd group with it is right
Contrast according to group 2, control group 3 understands that spring of the invention is spaced drilling interplanting clover, purple perilla and marjoram etc. under vine
Nectariferous plant, natural enemy and other beneficial insects for thrips, which provide, inhabites breeding place, food and good ecological environment, meanwhile,
Clover, purple perilla and marjoram synergy, further improve the ecological environment in vineyard, and beneficial insect turns into dominant population, subtracted
Few thrips harm；From the 3rd group with control group 4, control group 5 contrast it was found from, spring of the invention is around vineyard kind setose thistle and white
Radish etc. plants Trap plants, and alternately sprays grape using matrine and jervine while thrips is trapped and killed, and can effectively press down and kill Ji
Horse, extensive diffusion and harm are prevented, further reduces invasion and attack of the thrips to grape；Contrast from the 3rd group and control group 6 can
Know, the present invention improves thrips to luring with trapping reinforcing agent and spray at the grape florescence to veraison after on Trap plants, spraying
Collect the feeding choice of plant, make thrips prefer to be gathered on Trap plants, away from vineyard, be easy to collective to annihilate, Jin Erti
High prevention effect.
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, the equal change completed or modification change under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention, all should belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. method of prevention and control grape thrips, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：(1) winter by the weeds complete liquidation in vineyard it is clean after, with botanical pesticide and water with 1:10-20 volume ratio is mixed During conjunction is manured into soil, the thrips to be survived the winter in soil is killed, and a slice width is applied within one week around bark at trunk before spring has set in Spend the insect sticker for 5-8cm；(2) blue insect-sticking plate trapping thrips is arranged in vineyard, the insect-sticking plate is arranged on the vine side of labeling 20-50cm Place, and it is 4-6m to hang spacing, is changed after worm is full, whole Ji Jun is used；(3) spring is spaced drilling interplanting nectariferous plant under vine, and the nectariferous plant is butch clover, purple perilla and Ma Yu Orchid, and clover is planted between purple perilla and marjoram, can be provided for the natural enemy of thrips and inhabit breeding place and food；(4) spring plants Trap plants in the place away from vineyard 3-5m around garden, and the Trap plants are setose thistle and ternip, The cultivated area of setose thistle and ternip is the 0.5-1.5% of whole vineyard area, endangers the phase in grape thrips, treats that thrips is luring Concentration is carried out on collection plant after a large amount of aggregations to annihilate, meanwhile, use 0.3-1.2% 1000-2000 times of matrine and 0.3- 0.5% 1000-2000 times of jervine alternately sprays grape；(5) at the grape florescence to veraison, sprayed with reinforcing agent is trapped on the Trap plants, the amount of spraying is 20-50mL/m3, Concentration is carried out after thrips aggregation or a large amount of spawnings with biological pesticide to annihilate；It is described trap reinforcing agent preparation method be：Will etc. After the grape leaf and eggplant leaf of amount are cut into broken section, by described broken section with the water milled mixture of 3-4 times of weight into slurries, then use 5-8 Layer filtered through gauze slurries, take filtrate, produce.
- A kind of 2. method of prevention and control grape thrips according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described in step (1) The preparation method of botanical pesticide is：By tobacco 25-30 parts, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 30-40 parts, eucalyptus camaldulensis 10-15 parts, Pogostemon cablin 8-15 parts and After rosemary 12-18 parts crush, the volume fraction for adding 5-10 times of weight is refluxing extraction 1-2h in 85-95% ethanol, weight Extract 2-3 times again, merge extract solution, produce.
- A kind of 3. method of prevention and control grape thrips according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step (4), the setose thistle It is 2 with ternip cultivated area ratio:8.
- A kind of 4. method of prevention and control grape thrips according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to trap in step (5) The spraying time of reinforcing agent is cloudy day or in period the dusk.
- A kind of 5. method of prevention and control grape thrips according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to trap in step (5) Diluted when reinforcing agent sprays with 50-100 times of water.
- A kind of 6. method of prevention and control grape thrips according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step (5), the prevention and control Method is additionally included in grape florescence to veraison and launches thrips natural enemy Predatory Mites or minute pirate bugs into garden, and injected volume is no less than 70 Head/mu.
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| CN115956464A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-04-14 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Macadamia nut garden thrips prevention and control method |
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| CN112640752A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-04-13 | 云南省烟草公司文山州公司 | Method for preventing and controlling tobacco thrips by combining physical and biological modes with peak staggering |
| CN115363054A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-22 | 烟台凯多海洋生物研究院有限公司 | A pesticide prepared from Ampelopsis Isofoliata extract for treating thrips |
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