CN107624646A - A kind of production of hybrid seeds of corn variety and cultivation technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides the production of hybrid seeds and the cultivation technique of a kind of corn variety, is related to a kind of planting technical field.The invention includes the production of hybrid seeds；Selection of land and fertilising；Plantation form and density；Field management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；Harvest in good time.Breeding high-yield of the present invention, stable yields, there is extensive adaptability, broad spectrum resistance, the corn hybrid seed that resistance is leading, commodity is excellent.

Description

A kind of production of hybrid seeds of corn variety and cultivation technique

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of planting technical field, the production of hybrid seeds and cultivation skill more particularly to a kind of corn variety Art.

Background technology

Corn is one of Chinese Three major grain crops, and yield accounts for a quarter of national total output of grain.Zea is liked Warm crop, there is plantation throughout the country, and China mainly has northeast spring maize, Huang-Huai-Hai plain corn and Mountain Area of Southwest hills beautiful Meter San great corns ecotope.Although China's corn planting industry area is very big, per unit area yield is not high, therefore, improves the per unit area yield of corn It is the important step of corn planting industry development from now on.Corn per unit area yield speedup has declined at present, and sown area quickly increases, total yield Measure in the driving factors improved, sown area occupies main positions.In the back of the body that following maize sown area speedup will totally ease up Under scape, corn yield sustainable growth will depend primarily upon the per unit area yield that thoroughbred development is brought and improve.Resistance to dense planting, comprehensive resistance are good, seed Best in quality, the precocious and lodging resistance of grain is gradually the essential condition of corn variety promotion potential by force.

The content of the invention

Weak point present in regarding to the issue above, the present invention provide the production of hybrid seeds and the cultivation skill of a kind of corn variety Art, make its breeding high-yield, stable yields, have extensive adaptability, broad spectrum resistance, resistance is leading, commodity is excellent corn miscellaneous Hand over kind.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the production of hybrid seeds and the cultivation technique of a kind of corn variety, it is characterised in that Comprise the following steps：

S10, the production of hybrid seeds：Select in soil fertility, physical features is flat, is easy to irrigation and drainage, it is ensured that ground of the isolated area more than 300 meters Block is planted；Parental is 1: 5, density：Maternal 4000-4500 plants/acre, 3500 plants/acre of male parent；

S20, selection of land and fertilising：The kind straw staygreen, belong to high stalk large-spike cultivar, manurial-philous water, comprehensive resistance is good, Ying Xuan Select the plantation of middle fertility above plot；Apply fertilizers scientifically, mu applies 2000 kilograms of farm manures, 50 kilograms of composite fertilizers, and 1 kilogram of zinc fertilizer does bottom Fertilizer, promotion increase potash fertilizer；

S30, plantation form and density：Clearly, interplanting, mu are kept a full stand of seedings 4000~4300 plants, in good time early sowing, it is ensured that seedling Together, robust seedling；

S40, field management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Enhance field management, timely tillage and weeding, top dressing, advocate and increase fringe Fertilizer, pay attention to the prediction and preventing and treating of pest and disease damage, prevent and treat maize borer in time, emphasis prevents the generation of banded sclerotial blight and head smut；

S50, in good time harvest.

Preferably, it is further comprising the steps of in the S10：

S101, intermission seeding：For head father with maternal with broadcasting, female parent, which is taken root, broadcasts two fathers；

S102, removal of impurities：Final singling phase, jointing stage, take out it is strict before hero carry out field removal of impurities, in time, thoroughly, it is clean, receive Fringe choosing is carried out after obtaining and before threshing, selects miscellaneous fringe, variation fringe, lesion fringe；

S103, seed farm female parent touch bud and take out hero, in maternal 1~2 leaf of tassel band in time, thoroughly extract tassel out, and It is buried to take field out of；

S104, male parent is cut off, after the seed farm male parent loose powder phase terminates 7 days, cut off whole male parents；

S105, seed farm are carried out station stalk and stripped off the skin, and precipitation dries.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：

Breeding high-yield of the present invention, stable yields, there is extensive adaptability, broad spectrum resistance, resistance is leading, commodity is excellent Corn hybrid seed.

Embodiment

In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, the present invention is made with reference to example It is further described, but example is not as a limitation of the invention.

In embodiments of the invention,

First, cultivar origin

Northern beautiful No. 10 are using self bred inbred line BY013 as female parent, and BY008 is the seed of single cross that male parent assembles.Maternal BY013 is By the U.S. introduce 78599 cenospecies based on material, by continuous selfing, selection for many years, and by combining ability test with Resistance Identification, in the self-mating system for the stabilization that seed selection in 1996 forms.

Male parent BY008 derives from red 360 miscellaneous choosings, is selected using the naturally open pollination in red 360 parent Dan Fan fields excellent Strain fringe, using pedigree method by 5 generations be selfed, most after 1998 determine choose a high yield, high-combining ability, resistance certainly Hand over system.

Scientific research in 2000 is presided over does female parent with BY013, and BY008 does male parent and assembled into new cenospecies north jade 10 (BY013×BY008)。

2001st, the qualification tests for participating in Liaoning in 2002 and comparative test, it is high, disease-resistant, high-quality to show yield.Recommend ginseng Add Southwest Maize authorization experiment.

The beautiful No. 10 participation Hubei Province Wuling mountain area pilot study in north in 2003, participates in the examination of Enshi region for 2004~2005 years Test, participate within 2005 Enshi pilot production, area's examination, pilot production occupy first, indices standard up to standard.

2004-2005 participates in (2 groups) experiments of enshi state corn regional test, two annual per mu yield 706.23kg, compares agriculture Big 108 volume increase 26.3%.Participate within 2005 Enshi pilot production, 625.56 kilograms of per mu yield, than control kind Nongda108 volume increase 12.9%, than the volume increase 5.7% of control kind Hubei Province jade 18, occupy first.Pass through authorization, authorization number within 2006：Jade 2006011 is examined in Hubei Province.

Liangshan, Sichuan corn (B) regional testing is participated within 2010,621.4 kilograms of average yield per mu is more single by 15 than control river to increase Production 13.4%.

Liangshan, Sichuan corn (B) regional testing is participated within 2011,678.5 kilograms of average yield per mu is more single by 15 than control river to increase Production 15.9%, up to 100%, residence, which is participated in the experiment, combines the 3rd for volume increase o'clock.

650.0 kilograms of two annual per mu yield of 2010-2011 regional testings, 15 volume increase 14.7% more single than control river, two 9 points volume increase, 1 underproduction in year 10 points.

630.2 kilograms of average yield per mu in pilot productions in 2011,15 average yield per mu, 549.3 kilograms of volume increase more single than control river 12.6%, volume increase point 100%.

Sichuan Province's field technology identification is passed through within 2012.

Apply within 2013 and passed through the authorization of Sichuan Province's corn variety.

2nd, feature

1st, seedling and tree characteristics：Seedling growth is strong, leaf sheath purple, dark green leaf color, straw staygreen, 281 lis of plant height of area's examination Rice, 137.6 centimetres of fringe position, strain is neat, and the florescence coordinates, and plant type half is compact, and comprehensive resistance is good, and adaptability is good.

2nd, fruit ear and grain characters：Fruit ear cartridge type, 17.5 centimetres of spike length, head progeny row 16.8-17.0, row grain number 32, thousand Weigh 299 grams, seed-producing rate 86.1%, seed yellow dent type, white axle.

3rd, disease resistance：Anti-disease enzyme result：Middle Resistance To Helminthosporium Turcicum, moderate resistance helminthosporium maydis, moderate resistance banded sclerotial blight refer to.

4th, quality trait：Determined through grain quality supervision and inspection center of the Ministry of Agriculture (Beijing), grain test weight 746g/ L, crude protein content 10.6%, crude fat content 4.2%, lysine 0.25%, Crude starch content 75.3%.

5th, resistance trait：Through Institute of Plant Protection of academy of agricultural sciences of Sichuan Province 2010~2011 years in Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences's modern agriculture New and high technology Demonstration Garden artificial infection idenfication：Middle Resistance To Helminthosporium Turcicum, moderate resistance helminthosporium maydis, moderate resistance banded sclerotial blight.

6th, physiological characteristic：The kind belongs to high stalk large-spike cultivar, 179~187 days Sichuan Province's time of infertility, the kind Yielding ability is good, and comprehensive resistance is good.

3rd, cultivation technique：

1st, selection of land and fertilising：The kind straw staygreen, belong to high stalk large-spike cultivar, manurial-philous water, comprehensive resistance is good, should select Plant in middle fertility above plot.Apply fertilizers scientifically, mu applies 2000 kilograms of farm manures, 50 kilograms of composite fertilizers, and 1 kilogram of zinc fertilizer does bottom Fertilizer, promotion increase potash fertilizer.

2nd, form and density are planted：Clearly, interplanting, mu are kept a full stand of seedings 4000~4300 plants, in good time early sowing, it is ensured that full stand, Robust seedling.

3rd, field management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Enhance field management, timely tillage and weeding, top dressing.Promotion increases ear manuer, Pay attention to the prediction and preventing and treating of pest and disease damage, prevent and treat maize borer in time, emphasis prevents the generation of banded sclerotial blight and head smut.

4th, harvest in good time.

5th, seeding technique main points

1st, select in soil fertility, physical features is flat, is easy to irrigation and drainage, it is ensured that plot plantation of the isolated area more than 300 meters.

2nd, parental 1: 5, density：It is maternal 4000~4500 plants/acre, 3500 plants/acre of male parent.

3rd, intermission seeding：For head father with maternal with broadcasting, female parent, which is taken root, broadcasts two fathers.

4th, clean：Final singling phase, jointing stage, take out it is strict before hero carry out field removal of impurities, in time, thoroughly, it is clean, after harvest With fringe choosing is carried out before threshing, select miscellaneous fringe, variation fringe, lesion fringe.

5th, seed farm female parent touches bud and takes out hero, in maternal tassel band 1-2 piece leaves in time, thoroughly extract tassel out, and take out of Field is buried.

6th, male parent is cut off, after the seed farm male parent loose powder phase terminates 7 days, cuts off whole male parents.

7th, seed farm is carried out station stalk and stripped off the skin, and precipitation dries.

8th, harvest in time.

The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are enable to realize or using the present invention. A variety of modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, as defined herein General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, it is of the invention The embodiments shown herein is not intended to be limited to, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase one The most wide scope caused.

Claims (2)

1. the production of hybrid seeds and the cultivation technique of a kind of corn variety, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

S10, the production of hybrid seeds：Select in soil fertility, physical features is flat, is easy to irrigation and drainage, it is ensured that plot kind of the isolated area more than 300 meters Plant；Parental is 1: 5, density：Maternal 4000-4500 plants/acre, 3500 plants/acre of male parent；

S20, selection of land and fertilising：The kind straw staygreen, belong to high stalk large-spike cultivar, manurial-philous water, comprehensive resistance is good, should select fertilizer The medium above plot plantation of power；Applying fertilizers scientifically, mu applies 2000 kilograms of farm manures, 50 kilograms of composite fertilizers, and 1 kilogram of zinc fertilizer makees base fertilizer, Promotion increases potash fertilizer；

S30, plantation form and density：Clearly, interplanting, mu are kept a full stand of seedings 4000~4300 plants, in good time early sowing, it is ensured that full stand, seedling It is strong；

S40, field management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Enhance field management, timely tillage and weeding, top dressing, advocate and increase ear manuer, note The prediction and preventing and treating of meaning pest and disease damage, prevent and treat maize borer, emphasis prevents the generation of banded sclerotial blight and head smut in time；

S50, in good time harvest.

2. the production of hybrid seeds and the cultivation technique of corn variety as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the S10, also wrap Include following steps：

S101, intermission seeding：For head father with maternal with broadcasting, female parent, which is taken root, broadcasts two fathers；

S102, removal of impurities：Final singling phase, jointing stage, take out it is strict before hero carry out field removal of impurities, in time, thoroughly, it is clean, after harvest With fringe choosing is carried out before threshing, select miscellaneous fringe, variation fringe, lesion fringe；

S103, seed farm female parent touch bud and take out hero, in maternal 1~2 leaf of tassel band in time, thoroughly extract tassel out, and take out of Field is buried；

S104, male parent is cut off, after the seed farm male parent loose powder phase terminates 7 days, cut off whole male parents；

S105, seed farm are carried out station stalk and stripped off the skin, and precipitation dries.