CN102217529A - Method for selective breeding middle-late-maturing high-yield hybrid corn - Google Patents
Method for selective breeding middle-late-maturing high-yield hybrid corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN102217529A CN102217529A CN2011101414405A CN201110141440A CN102217529A CN 102217529 A CN102217529 A CN 102217529A CN 2011101414405 A CN2011101414405 A CN 2011101414405A CN 201110141440 A CN201110141440 A CN 201110141440A CN 102217529 A CN102217529 A CN 102217529A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for selective breeding middle-late-maturing high-yield hybrid corn, the excellent middle-late-maturing hybrid corn with high yield, high quality, strong stress resistance and good adaptability is bred by crossing T0278 as the female parent and T0270 as the male parent. The excellent hybrid corn selective bred by using the invention with a yield increase of more than 5% relative to the main hybrid corn at present, has the advantages of uniform filaments, strong viability, high maturing rate and good anther dehiscence of tassel. The spring sowing growth duration in Liaoning Province of the hybrid corn is about 133 days, which is one day later than Zhengdan 958, so that the needed effective accumulated temperature is about 2865 DEG C. The hybrid corn has tough and tensile stalk, developed root system, lodging resistance, strong drought resistance, mature stalk, and high and stable yield, which is a middle-late-maturing corn suitable for growing in Shenyang, Tieling, Jinzhou, Chaoyang, Fuxin, Liaoyang, Dandong in Liaoning Province and other regions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of in the selection of late-maturing high-yield corn hybrid.
Background technology
In recent years, the maize planting area constantly increased, as one of China's staple food crop, corn exchange give sb. a hard time the diversification food configuration, the development animal husbandry have important function.
But because the difference of conditions such as ecotope and weather, hybrid maize and parent propagation and hybrid seed yield are lower, and the expansion that has influenced hybrid maize is promoted.
The planting density of general cross corn kind has restricted the further raising of corn yield about about 3000 strain/mus.
And, influenced by macroclimate, diastrous weather occurred frequently in recent years, and the almost annual in recent years different regions, the north of China all have damage caused by a drought to occur, and arid and semi-arid area area strengthens year by year, because the arid corn yield underproduction significantly that causes.
In order to reduce the loss that arid is brought to greatest extent, except strengthening the construction of water conservancy facilities, seed selection drought-resistant corn new varieties, and adapt to north growth in late-maturing corn hybridizating variety just seem particularly important.
At present, late-maturing corn hybrid seed also seldom in order to increase peasant's income, alleviated the loss that causes because of arid during domestic and international special drought resistance was good, overall target is outstanding, and the research of drought resisting high-quality hybrid corn breeding becomes an important problem.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention just are to overcome the defective of prior art, provide a kind of in the selection of late-maturing high-yield corn hybrid, the present invention selects than the main superior corn new varieties of corn hybrid seed volume increase more than 5% of planting in the present production, filigree is neater, vitality is strong, the ripening rate height, the tassel loose powder is good.Liaoning Province sowed in spring about 133 days breeding times, needed about 2865 ℃ of effective accumulated temperature, than Zheng Dan 958 late 1 day.The stem stalk is tough and tensile, and well developed root system is resistant to lodging, and drought resistance is strong.Stalk maturation alive, stable high yield.
A kind of late-maturing corn in area plantations such as Shenyang, Liaoning, Tieling, Jinzhou, Chaoyang, Fuxin, Liaoyang, Dandong that suits.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of in the selection of late-maturing corn hybrid seed, be that maternal, T0270 is that male parent combines high yield, high-quality, strong stress resistance with T0278, late-maturing corn single cross hybrid in wide adaptability good.
Cultivation with the seeding technique main points is:
The culture technique main points:
Choosing ground: select medium fertility above plot plantation;
Landform: suitable level land, hillock plantation;
Date of seeding: mid or late April sowing;
Planting type: multiple planting patternss such as suitable clear kind, interplant and large-ridge double-row;
Suitable Density (strain/mu): clear plant the mu 3300-3800 strain of keeping a full stand of seedings, the 3500-4000 strain of keeping a full stand of seedings of other planting patternss;
Rich water quality management (period, kind, quantity): execute the fertile 2000-3000 kilogram of high-quality farming for every mu and make base manure, sealing fertilizer 20-30 kilogram; Or once execute about 50 kilograms of corn fertilizers before broadcasting;
The extermination of disease and insect pest (medication period, kind, quantity and method): adopt seed pelleting to control soil insect, the typhon mouth phase is with killing the granules filling heart such as No. one, snout moth's larva spirit, thimet or putting oophagous trichogrammae control of maize snout moth's larva;
The seeding technique main points:
Choosing ground: select medium fertility above plot plantation;
Landform: suitable level land, hillock plantation;
Isolate: more than the 200m;
Date of seeding: following sowing in 4 months;
Density: the general maternal mu of 4000-4500 strain of keeping a full stand of seedings, male parent is protected mu 3000 strains;
Rich water quality management (period, kind, quantity): execute the fertile 2000-3000 kilogram of high-quality farming for every mu and make base manure, sealing fertilizer 20-25 kilogram, zinc fertilizer 1-1.5 kilogram, corn typhon mouth phase late June, every mu chase after urea 25-30 kilogram or broadcast before once execute about 50 kilograms of corn fertilizers;
The extermination of disease and insect pest (medication period, kind, quantity and method): adopt seed pelleting control soil insect, the typhon mouth phase is with killing the granules filling heart such as No. one, snout moth's larva spirit, thimet or putting oophagous trichogrammae control of maize snout moth's larva;
Cross breeding seed father and mother this mistake phase fate: male parent 2/3 with broadcasting, is broadcast the second stage of male parent with maternal after female parent is sprouted;
The row ratio: 1:5 is compared in father and mother's one's own profession;
Parental seed production main points: select medium fertility above plot plantation, isolate more than the 500m, the mu 4000-4500 strain of keeping a full stand of seedings, once execute about 50 kilograms of corn fertilizers before broadcasting, adopt seed pelleting control soil insect, the typhon mouth phase irritates the heart or puts oophagous trichogrammae control of maize snout moth's larva with particles such as killing No. one, snout moth's larva spirit, thimet.
The present invention is maternal with T0278, and T0270 is that male parent forms through assembly for many years, and drought resistance was than the downward long-living life of the equal lack of water situation of conventional corn 10-15 days.
Yield potential of the present invention is big, and stable yield is economized 822.1 kilograms of zone test two annual per mu yields, and comparison is according to 6.7%, 16 all volume increase of kind volume increase.
Seed of the present invention is uniform and smooth, and fruit ear bag leaf is few, is fit to mechanized harvest, and mechanical harvesting reduces by 50% waste than conventional corn.
Filigree of the present invention is neater, and vitality is strong, the ripening rate height, and the tassel loose powder is good.Liaoning Province sowed in spring about 133 days breeding times, needed about 2865 ℃ of effective accumulated temperature, than Zheng Dan 958 late 1 day.The stem stalk is tough and tensile, and well developed root system is resistant to lodging, and drought resistance is strong.Stalk maturation alive, stable high yield.
Embodiment
1, breeding goal:
With " high yield, high-quality, multi-resistant corn breeding of new variety and supporting technology thereof " is the seed selection prerequisite, selects than the main superior corn of corn hybrid seed volume increase more than 5% of planting in the present production newly to make up.
2, cultivar origin, seed selection process and variety characteristic:
Corn variety connection reaches 169(iron 354) be to be maternal with T0278, T0270 is high yield, high-quality, the strong stress resistance that male parent combines, late-maturing corn single cross hybrid in wide adaptability good.
2.1 parental source:
Maternal: T0278 is that the academy of agricultural sciences, Tieling utilized self bred inbred line iron C8605-2 and U.S. crossbreed in 2002 after too much corn inbred line for selfed breeding.
Male parent: T0270 be the academy of agricultural sciences, Tieling in the winter in 2002 Hainan utilize self bred inbred line iron 9010 with outside to draw be the corn inbred lines of red 598 hybridization back inbreeding of more generation seed selections.
2.2 apolegamy combination:
Iron grinds 51(iron 354) winter in 2006 surveyed in Hainan and joins, and participated in a varietal yield test in the institute in 2007, and sub-district area 15m2 repeats for three times, 856.43 kilograms of per mu yields, comparison is according to Zheng Dan 958 volume increase 11.72%.Participated in late-maturing group of preliminary experiment, regional test and production test in Liaoning Province in 2008-2010 years, have strong stress resistance, characteristics such as wide adaptability, yield potential are big, and economic characters are good through testing this kind performance.
2.3 variety characteristic:
2.3.1 plant and fruit ear proterties:
Seedling leaf sheath purple, leaf green, the leaf margin purple, the seedling gesture is strong, the plant type compactness, 296 centimetres of plant heights, 121 centimetres of fringe positions become strain number of blade 20-21 sheet, filigree green, tassel branch amount 10-19, flower pesticide green, clever shell green.Fruit ear is tapered, and in the fringe handle length, bract length is long, 18 centimetres of spike lengths, and tassel row number 16-20 is capable, the cob redness, the seed yellow, the grain type is the horse flute profile, 100-grain weight 33.6 grams.
2.3.2 biological property:
Iron 354 filigrees are neater, and vitality is strong, the ripening rate height, and the tassel loose powder is good.Liaoning Province sowed in spring about 133 days breeding times, needed about 2865 ℃ of effective accumulated temperature, than Zheng Dan 958 late 1 day.The stem stalk is tough and tensile, and well developed root system is resistant to lodging, and drought resistance is strong.Stalk maturation alive, stable high yield.
2.3.3 seed assay result:
Measure grain test weight 712.5 grams per liters, crude protein content 9.48% through agricultural product quality supervision and inspection center of the Ministry of Agriculture (Shenyang).Crude fat content 4.38%, thick content of starch 73.30%, lysine content 0.26%.
3, output performance:
3.1 variety comparative test:
Iron 354 is surveyed in Hainan in the winter in 2006 and is joined, and participates in varietal yield test in the institute in 2007, sub-district area 15m2, and three repetitions, 856.43 kilograms of per mu yields, comparison is according to Zheng Dan 958 volume increase 11.72%.
3.2 Liaoning Province's preliminary experiment:
Iron 354 was participated in late-maturing group of preliminary experiment in Liaoning Province's corn in 2008,5 volume increase, and 1 underproduction, 822.1 kilograms of average yield per mus, comparison is participated in late-maturing group of preliminary experiment yield result table in Liaoning Province according to Zheng Dan 958 volume increase 19.1%(referring to iron 354)
Iron 354 is participated in late-maturing group of preliminary experiment yield result table in Liaoning Province
| Test unit | Iron grinds 51 output (kilogram) | Comparison photograph ± % |
| Shenyang | 899.6 | 28.1 |
| The academy of agricultural sciences, Dandong City | 725.0 | 8.4 |
| The Fuxin | 788.2 | 35.3 |
| Jinzhou | 829.9 | 14.8 |
| Haicheng City | 971.9 | 31.0 |
| The Chaoyang | 718.0 | -0.6 |
| On average | 822.1 | 19.1 |
3.3 Liaoning Province's regional test:
Iron 354 was participated in late-maturing group of regional test in Liaoning Province's corn in 2009～2010 years, 16 all volume increase, and 683.1 kilograms of two annual per mu yields, comparison is according to Zheng Dan 958 volume increase 10.9%.(participating in late-maturing group of regional test yield result table in Liaoning Province) referring to iron 354
Iron 354 is participated in late-maturing group of regional test yield result table in Liaoning Province
3.4 Liaoning Province's production test:
Participated in late-maturing group of production test in Liaoning Province's corn in 2010,574.0 kilograms of average yield per mus, comparison is according to Zheng Dan 958 volume increase 6.7%. (participating in late-maturing group of production test yield result table in Liaoning Province referring to iron 354)
Iron 354 is participated in late-maturing group of production test yield result table in Liaoning Province
| Test unit | Iron grinds 354 output (kilogram) | Comparison photograph ± % |
| Shenyang | 658.4 | 10.1 |
| Shenyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences | 512.7 | 7.9 |
| Jinzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences | 559.8 | -6.2 |
| A noise made in coughing or vomiting left side | 713.2 | 8.5 |
| The Fuxin | 622.8 | 1.2 |
| Liaoyang | 571.1 | 16.6 |
| Faku County | 380.1 | 14.0 |
| On average | 574.0 | 6.7 |
3.4 disease-resistant qualification result:
2009-2010 through academy of agricultural sciences, Liaoning Province, academy of agricultural sciences, Dandong City, academy of agricultural sciences, Tieling, academy of agricultural sciences, Jinzhou City, Daliang City institute of agricultural sciences simultaneous inoculation identify 3 grades of iron 354 leaf blight peaks, 5 grades of graywall peaks, 7 grades of Curvularia lunata leaf spot peaks, 7 grades of stem rot peaks, head smut peak 3.7%.Reach authorization and require standard.See disease-resistant qualification result table for details.
Disease-resistant inoculation qualification result is tried in iron 354 provinces and regions
4, iron 354 cultivations and seeding technique main points:
4.1 culture technique main points:
4.1.1 choosing ground: select medium fertility above plot plantation
4.1.2 landform: suitable level land, hillock plantation.
4.1.3 date of seeding: mid or late April sowing.
4.1.4 planting type: multiple planting patternss such as suitable clear kind, interplant and large-ridge double-row.
4.1.5 Suitable Density (strain/mu): clear plant the mu 3300-3800 strain of keeping a full stand of seedings, the 3500-4000 strain of keeping a full stand of seedings of other planting patternss.
4.1.6 rich water quality management (period, kind, quantity): execute the high-quality farming for every mu and make base manure, 20-30 kilograms of sealing fertilizers for fertile 2000-3000 kilograms.Or once execute about 50 kilograms of corn fertilizers before broadcasting.
4.1.7 the extermination of disease and insect pest (medication period, kind, quantity and method): adopt seed pelleting to control soil insect, the typhon mouth phase is with killing the granules filling heart such as No. one, snout moth's larva spirit, thimet or putting oophagous trichogrammae control of maize snout moth's larva.
4.2 seeding technique main points
4.2.1 choosing ground: select medium fertility above plot plantation.
4.2.2 landform: suitable level land, hillock plantation.
4.2.3 isolate: more than the 200m.
4.2.4 date of seeding: following sowing in 4 months
4.2.5 density: the general maternal mu of 4000-4500 strain of keeping a full stand of seedings, male parent is protected mu 3000 strains.
4.2.6 rich water quality management (period, kind, quantity): execute the fertile 2000-3000 kilogram of high-quality farming for every mu and make base manure, sealing fertilizer 20-25 kilogram, zinc fertilizer 1-1.5 kilogram, corn typhon mouth phase late June, every mu chase after urea 25-30 kilogram or broadcast before once execute about 50 kilograms of corn fertilizers.
4.2.7 the extermination of disease and insect pest (medication period, kind, quantity and method): adopt seed pelleting control soil insect, the typhon mouth phase is with killing the granules filling heart such as No. one, snout moth's larva spirit, thimet or putting oophagous trichogrammae control of maize snout moth's larva.
4.2.8 cross breeding seed father and mother this mistake phase fate: male parent 2/3 with broadcasting, is broadcast the second stage of male parent with maternal after female parent is sprouted.
4.2.9 the row ratio: 1:5 is compared in father and mother's one's own profession
4.2.10 parental seed production main points: select medium fertility above plot plantation, isolate more than the 500m, the mu 4000-4500 strain of keeping a full stand of seedings, once execute about 50 kilograms of corn fertilizers before broadcasting, adopt seed pelleting control soil insect, the typhon mouth phase irritates the heart or puts oophagous trichogrammae control of maize snout moth's larva with particles such as killing No. one, snout moth's larva spirit, thimet.
The present invention is maternal with T0278, and T0270 is that male parent forms through assembly for many years, and drought resistance was than the downward long-living life of the equal lack of water situation of conventional corn 10-15 days.
Yield potential of the present invention is big, and stable yield is economized 822.1 kilograms of zone test two annual per mu yields, and comparison is according to 6.7%, 16 all volume increase of kind volume increase.
Seed of the present invention is uniform and smooth, and fruit ear bag leaf is few, is fit to mechanized harvest, and mechanical harvesting reduces by 50% waste than conventional corn.
The present invention's promoting region that suits: effective accumulated temperature such as Shenyang, Liaoning, Jinzhou, Liaoyang, Tieling, a noise made in coughing or vomiting left side, Fuxin are the plantation of late-maturing corn district in more than 2865 ℃.
It should be noted that at last: obviously, the foregoing description only is for example of the present invention clearly is described, and is not the qualification to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here need not also can't give exhaustive to all embodiments.And conspicuous variation of being amplified out thus or change still are among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the selection of late-maturing high-yield corn hybrid in a kind is characterized in that: be maternal, T0270 is that male parent combines high yield, high-quality, strong stress resistance with T0278, and late-maturing corn single cross hybrid in wide adaptability good.
2. the selection of late-maturing high-yield corn hybrid is characterized in that in as claimed in claim 1, and cultivation with the seeding technique main points is:
The culture technique main points:
Choosing ground: select medium fertility above plot plantation;
Landform: suitable level land, hillock plantation;
Date of seeding: mid or late April sowing;
Planting type: multiple planting patternss such as suitable clear kind, interplant and large-ridge double-row;
Suitable Density (strain/mu): clear plant the mu 3300-3800 strain of keeping a full stand of seedings, the 3500-4000 strain of keeping a full stand of seedings of other planting patternss;
Rich water quality management (period, kind, quantity): execute the fertile 2000-3000 kilogram of high-quality farming for every mu and make base manure, sealing fertilizer 20-30 kilogram; Or once execute about 50 kilograms of corn fertilizers before broadcasting;
The extermination of disease and insect pest (medication period, kind, quantity and method): adopt seed pelleting to control soil insect, the typhon mouth phase is with killing the granules filling heart such as No. one, snout moth's larva spirit, thimet or putting oophagous trichogrammae control of maize snout moth's larva;
The seeding technique main points:
Choosing ground: select medium fertility above plot plantation;
Landform: suitable level land, hillock plantation;
Isolate: more than the 200m;
Date of seeding: following sowing in 4 months;
Density: the general maternal mu of 4000-4500 strain of keeping a full stand of seedings, male parent is protected mu 3000 strains;
Rich water quality management (period, kind, quantity): execute the fertile 2000-3000 kilogram of high-quality farming for every mu and make base manure, sealing fertilizer 20-25 kilogram, zinc fertilizer 1-1.5 kilogram, corn typhon mouth phase late June, every mu chase after urea 25-30 kilogram or broadcast before once execute about 50 kilograms of corn fertilizers;
The extermination of disease and insect pest (medication period, kind, quantity and method): adopt seed pelleting control soil insect, the typhon mouth phase is with killing the granules filling heart such as No. one, snout moth's larva spirit, thimet or putting oophagous trichogrammae control of maize snout moth's larva;
Cross breeding seed father and mother this mistake phase fate: male parent 2/3 with broadcasting, is broadcast the second stage of male parent with maternal after female parent is sprouted;
The row ratio: 1:5 is compared in father and mother's one's own profession;
Parental seed production main points: select medium fertility above plot plantation, isolate more than the 500m, the mu 4000-4500 strain of keeping a full stand of seedings, once execute about 50 kilograms of corn fertilizers before broadcasting, adopt seed pelleting control soil insect, the typhon mouth phase irritates the heart or puts oophagous trichogrammae control of maize snout moth's larva with particles such as killing No. one, snout moth's larva spirit, thimet.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103718946A (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2014-04-16 | 仲衍种业股份有限公司 | Method for hybridization seed production of maize variety |
| CN107581053A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2018-01-16 | 沈阳北玉种子科技有限公司 | A kind of breeding technique of the beautiful corn variety in north |
| CN107624646A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2018-01-26 | 沈阳北玉种子科技有限公司 | A kind of production of hybrid seeds of corn variety and cultivation technique |
| CN113273492A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-08-20 | 甘肃省定西市临洮农业学校 | Drought-enduring corn breeding method |
| CN115623982A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2023-01-20 | 邯郸市农业科学院 | Breeding method of drought-tolerant and disease-resistant corn |
-
2011
- 2011-05-30 CN CN2011101414405A patent/CN102217529A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103718946A (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2014-04-16 | 仲衍种业股份有限公司 | Method for hybridization seed production of maize variety |
| CN103718946B (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2016-10-05 | 仲衍种业股份有限公司 | A kind of cross-breeding method of corn variety |
| CN107581053A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2018-01-16 | 沈阳北玉种子科技有限公司 | A kind of breeding technique of the beautiful corn variety in north |
| CN107624646A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2018-01-26 | 沈阳北玉种子科技有限公司 | A kind of production of hybrid seeds of corn variety and cultivation technique |
| CN113273492A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-08-20 | 甘肃省定西市临洮农业学校 | Drought-enduring corn breeding method |
| CN115623982A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2023-01-20 | 邯郸市农业科学院 | Breeding method of drought-tolerant and disease-resistant corn |
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Application publication date: 20111019 |