CN107624327B - Water and fertilizer delivery and distribution system in field - Google Patents
Water and fertilizer delivery and distribution system in field Download PDFInfo
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- CN107624327B CN107624327B CN201711018787.4A CN201711018787A CN107624327B CN 107624327 B CN107624327 B CN 107624327B CN 201711018787 A CN201711018787 A CN 201711018787A CN 107624327 B CN107624327 B CN 107624327B
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Abstract
The invention provides a field water and fertilizer delivery system, and belongs to the technical field of irrigation. The device mainly comprises water and fertilizer mixing equipment, a water supply pipe, a conveying pipe, a branch pipe and a controller; the water supply pipe supplies water to the water and fertilizer allocation equipment, the water and fertilizer allocation equipment allocates water and fertilizer into water and fertilizer solution, and the water and fertilizer solution is conveyed to field crops by the conveying pipe and the branch pipes. When the fertilizer distributor is used, the fertilizer is firstly stored in the storage device, and the fertilizer is fed into the blending tank by the feeding device; and the flow control valve on the water supply pipe is opened by the controller to supply water to the blending tank, and the stirring device stirs the water and fertilizer in the blending tank. The water pump conveys the prepared water-fertilizer solution to field crops through conveying pipes and branch pipes, and different pressures and flows are adopted according to different crops and different irrigation modes. Through the system, the water and fertilizer can be more efficiently delivered and distributed, and different water and fertilizer flow rates and pressures can be provided for different crops and different irrigation modes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of irrigation, in particular to a field water and fertilizer transmission and distribution system.
Background
In order to ensure the normal growth of crops and obtain high and stable yield, proper amount of water and fertilizer must be supplied to crops in time. At present, people usually adopt a mode of independent fertilization and independent irrigation, and the working efficiency is lower. The method of synchronous irrigation and fertilization is adopted, but the water and fertilizer coordination technology and facilities are imperfect, the fertilizer amount required by crops cannot be accurately controlled, and finally the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency is low to influence the crop yield.
Therefore, the efficient field water and fertilizer delivery system is provided, and has important significance for the development of irrigation technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a field water and fertilizer delivery system which can directly deliver irrigation water and fertilizer to field crops.
The invention is realized in the following way:
a field water and fertilizer delivery system comprising:
the water and fertilizer mixing equipment comprises a mixing tank and a feeding device, wherein the feeding device is positioned above the mixing tank, and a stirring device is arranged in the mixing tank;
one end of the water supply pipe is connected with a water source, the other end of the water supply pipe is led to the blending tank, and a first flow control valve is arranged on the water supply pipe;
the conveying pipe is communicated with the blending tank, a water pump and a second flow control valve are arranged on the conveying pipe, a plurality of branch pipes are connected to the conveying pipe, and a pressure control valve and a third flow control valve are arranged on each branch pipe; the branch pipes are used for supplying water and fertilizer to crops;
and the controller is electrically connected with the stirring device, the booster pump, the first flow control valve, the second flow control valve, the third flow control valve and the pressure control valve respectively.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the feeding device comprises:
the storage bin is used for storing fertilizer;
the material control mechanism is arranged below the storage bin and comprises a discharging barrel and a baffle plate, and one end of the discharging barrel is connected with the bottom of the storage bin;
the baffle is arranged in the blanking cylinder and is rotationally connected with the blanking cylinder through a rotating shaft, and the baffle can plug or open the blanking cylinder;
the material control mechanism further comprises a motor, and the motor is connected with the rotating shaft through a worm gear reducer; the motor is connected with the controller;
the weighing bin is positioned below the blanking barrel, the bottom of the weighing bin is connected with the foundation through an electronic scale, and the electronic scale is connected with the controller;
the bottom of the weighing bin is provided with a bin gate and a bin opening mechanism, and when the bin gate is opened, fertilizer in the weighing bin can fall into the blending tank.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the bottom of the weighing bin is provided with an elephant trunk, one end of the elephant trunk is connected with the weighing bin, the other end of the elephant trunk is provided with an annular check ring, and the outer edge of the annular check ring is connected with the elephant trunk;
the bin gate is arranged in the chute, a gap is arranged between the edge of the bin gate and the inner wall of the chute, and the bin gate is matched with the annular check ring when the bin gate is closed; the edges of the annular check rings are provided with electromagnets, the electromagnets are electrically connected with the controller, and the bin gate is made of iron materials;
the bin opening mechanism comprises a ball rod and a guide cylinder, one end of the ball rod is connected with the bin door, and the other end of the ball rod is provided with a floating ball; the guide cylinder is fixedly connected with the chute, and the ball rod is in sliding fit with the guide cylinder;
the floating ball is positioned in the blending tank, and when the electromagnet is powered off, the bin gate can be opened by the floating ball rod under the buoyancy of water.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the bin gate is of a conical tubular structure, the bin gate is arranged in the chute, the large end of the bin gate faces downwards, and the edge of the large end of the bin gate is matched with the annular check ring.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the ball rod is of a telescopic structure.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the stirring device comprises a stirring motor and stirring blades, wherein the stirring blades are connected with the stirring motor, and the stirring motor is connected with the controller.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the stirring motor is a variable frequency motor.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the controller is a singlechip or a PLC.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the top of allotment jar is provided with the camera, the camera with the controller electricity is connected.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the blending tank is cylindrical.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
when the field water and fertilizer delivery system obtained through the design is used, fertilizer is firstly stored in the storage device, and the fertilizer is fed into the preparation tank by the feeding device; and the first flow control valve on the water supply pipe is opened by the controller to supply water to the blending tank, and the stirring device stirs the water and the fertilizer in the blending tank to accelerate the dissolution of the fertilizer. The water pump conveys the prepared water and fertilizer solution to field crops through conveying pipes and branch pipes, and different pressures and flows are adopted according to different crops and different irrigation modes; specifically, pressure and flow regulation can be achieved by regulating the booster pump and the individual flow control valves via the controller.
Through the system, the water and fertilizer can be more efficiently delivered and distributed, and different water and fertilizer flow rates and pressures can be provided for different crops and different irrigation modes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a field water and fertilizer delivery system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a water and fertilizer blending device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a storage bin and a material control mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a weighing bin and a blending tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a chute and a bin opening mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 200-a field water and fertilizer conveying and distributing system; 100-water and fertilizer blending equipment; 110-feeding device; 112-a storage bin; 114-a material control mechanism; 1142-blanking cylinder; 1144-baffle; 116-a weighing bin; 1161-electronic scale; 1162—a bin gate; 117-a bin opening mechanism; 1172-cue stick; 1174-floating ball; 1176-guide cylinder; 118-elephant trunk; 119-an annular retainer ring; 120-a blending tank; 210-a water supply pipe; 220-a delivery tube; 230-branch pipes; 232-watering device.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "orientation" or "positional relationship" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," "overhang," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature may include first and second features directly contacting each other, either above or below a second feature, or through additional features contacting each other, rather than directly contacting each other. Moreover, the first feature being above, over, and on the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being below, beneath, and beneath the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
Examples:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a field water and fertilizer delivery system 200, which mainly includes a water and fertilizer preparation device 100, a water supply pipe 210, a delivery pipe 220, a branch pipe 230 and a controller (not shown in the figure); the water supply pipe 210 supplies water to the water and fertilizer mixing device 100, the water and fertilizer mixing device 100 mixes water and fertilizer into a water and fertilizer solution, and the water and fertilizer is delivered to field crops by the delivery pipe 220 and the branch pipe 230.
Specifically, one end of the water supply pipe 210 is connected to a water source, and the other end is opened to the water and fertilizer preparing apparatus 100 so as to supply water to the water and fertilizer preparing apparatus 100. In order to facilitate the adjustment of the flow rate on the water supply pipe 210, a first flow rate control valve is provided on the water supply pipe 210, and the first flow rate control valve is connected to a controller so as to be remotely controlled.
The conveying pipe 220 is connected with the water and fertilizer blending device 100, and a water pump and a second flow control valve are arranged on the conveying pipe 220 and are electrically connected with a controller. The delivery tube 220 is provided with a plurality of branches 230, each branch 230 leading into a different irrigation interval. Depending on the irrigation mode, different irrigation devices 232 are provided on the branch pipe 230, and the different irrigation devices 232 can be used for drip irrigation, spray irrigation or flood irrigation. Because the pressure and water quantity requirements of the water flow are different in different irrigation modes, each branch pipe 230 is provided with a pressure control valve and a third flow control valve; the control valves are all electrically connected with the controller, and the control of flow and pressure can be realized by remotely adjusting the relevant valve members according to the requirement of the irrigation device 232. For irrigation devices 232 requiring greater pressure, a booster pump may also be provided on the manifold 230.
As shown in fig. 2, the feeding device 110 is disposed above the blending tank 120, and includes a storage bin 112, a material control mechanism 114, and a weighing bin 116, where the storage bin 112 is used for storing fertilizer, and the material control mechanism 114 is disposed below the storage bin 112 and is used for controlling the dropping of the fertilizer in the storage bin 112; a weigh bin 116 is provided below the control mechanism 114 for holding and weighing fertilizer falling from the storage bin 112.
As shown in fig. 3, the material control mechanism 114 comprises a discharging barrel 1142 and a baffle 1144, wherein the upper end of the discharging barrel 1142 is connected with the bottom of the storage bin 112; the baffle 1144 is disposed inside the lower barrel 1142 and rotatably connected to the wall of the lower barrel 1142 through a rotating shaft. The baffle 1144 can block or open the blanking cartridge 1142 when rotated. In order to drive the baffle 1144 to rotate, the material control mechanism 114 is further provided with a motor and a worm gear reducer, and the motor is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft through the worm gear reducer; the motor is electrically connected with the controller so as to facilitate remote control.
The weighing bin 116 is located below the blanking barrel 1142, and the bottom of the weighing bin is connected with the foundation through an electronic scale 1161, specifically, in this embodiment, the electronic scale 1161 is placed on a support, the support is fixedly connected with the foundation, and the weighing bin 116 is connected with the electronic scale 1161. The electronic scale 1161 is used to weigh the fertilizer in the weigh bin 116 and transmit signals to the controller.
The bottom of the weighing bin 116 is provided with a bin door 1162 and a bin opening mechanism 117, and when the bin door 1162 is opened, fertilizer in the weighing bin 116 can fall into the blending tank 120.
Further, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, a chute 118 is arranged at the bottom of the weighing bin 116, one end of the chute 118 is connected with the weighing bin 116, an annular check ring 119 is arranged at the other end, and the outer edge of the annular check ring 119 is connected with the chute 118. The bin gate 1162 is disposed within the chute 118 with a gap provided between an edge of the bin gate 1162 and an inner wall of the chute 118 such that fertilizer flows out of the gap when the bin gate 1162 is opened. When the bin gate 1162 is closed, the bin gate 1162 is matched with the annular check ring 119; the annular collar 119 seals the gap from falling from the chute 118.
In addition, the edges of the annular retainer ring 119 are all provided with electromagnets, the electromagnets are electrically connected with the controller, and the bin door 1162 is made of iron materials.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the compartment opening mechanism 117 comprises a ball rod 1172 and a guide barrel 1176, one end of the ball rod 1172 is connected with the compartment door 1162, and the other end is provided with a ball float 1174; guide tube 1176 is fixedly connected to chute 118 by a connecting rod, and a ball float 1172 is in sliding engagement with guide tube 1176. The float 1174 is located in the deployment tank 120, and when the electromagnet is de-energized, under the buoyancy of the water, the float arm 1172 is able to open the door 1162. When the electromagnet is energized, the electromagnet attracts the door 1162 and the buoyancy of the water does not open the door 1162.
Due to the provision of the electromagnet, when the water level in the deployment tank 120 reaches the preset water level first, but the fertilizer in the weigh bin has not reached the preset weight, the float 1172 is not able to open the bin door 1162 although the float 1174 is subject to a large buoyancy. Therefore, the weight of the fertilizer added to the blending tank 120 can be ensured to be in accordance with the preset weight, that is, the fertilizer content of the water fertilizer can be ensured to be relatively accurate.
Further, the bin gate 1162 is in a conical tubular structure, the bin gate 1162 is arranged in the chute 118, the large end of the bin gate 1162 faces downwards, and the edge of the large end of the bin gate 1162 is matched with the annular check ring 119. Because the door 1162 is tapered, the resistance of the ball float 1172 decreases as the ball float 1172 slides up the guide 1176, thereby facilitating the opening of the door 1162 by the ball float 1172.
Further, the float 1172 is configured to be telescoping so that the desired level of water can be adjusted when the door 1162 is opened.
In order to accelerate the dissolution of the fertilizer, a stirring device is further arranged in the blending tank 120, the stirring device comprises a stirring motor and stirring blades, the stirring blades are connected with the stirring motor, and the stirring motor is connected with a controller. In this embodiment, the stirring motor is a variable frequency motor. In order to monitor the dispensing conditions in the dispensing tank 120, a camera is provided above the dispensing tank 120, which can transmit signals to a controller.
The application method and the working principle of the field water and fertilizer delivery system 200 provided in the embodiment are as follows:
firstly, determining the needed fertilizer and water dosage according to the crop types and growth conditions; and adjusts the relevant parameters of the controller, then opens the water supply pipe 210 through the controller to supply water to the blending tank 120, and opens the material control mechanism 114 so that fertilizer falls from the storage bin 112 into the weigh bin 116. When the weight of the fertilizer in the weigh bin 116 reaches a set point, the controller de-energizes the electromagnet on the annular collar 119 at the bottom of the weigh bin 116 and closes the control mechanism 114. The water level in the blending tank 120 rises, the floating ball 1174 is subjected to buoyancy, when the buoyancy overcomes the gravity of the bin gate 1162 and the fertilizer, the bin gate 1162 is driven by the floating ball 1172 to move upwards, the bin gate 1162 is separated from the annular retainer ring 119, and therefore the fertilizer can fall into the blending tank 120 through a gap between the bin gate 1162 and the inner wall of the chute 118. When the water flowing from the water supply pipe 210 reaches a set value, the controller turns off the water supply pipe 210 and turns on the water pump on the delivery pipe 220 to deliver the water-fertilizer solution to the corresponding branch pipe 230 and finally to the field crops.
Alternatively, the above process may be a continuous process by adjusting the flow rate of water in the water supply pipe 210 and the discharging speed of the material control mechanism 114 to be matched with each other, without closing the water supply pipe 210; i.e., simultaneously opening the water supply tube 210, the delivery tube 220, and the feed control mechanism 114.
It should be noted that, in this example, the controller is disposed in the control room, specifically, the controller adopts a PLC, and the flow control valves all adopt electromagnetic flow control valves, so as to facilitate the remote control of the water and fertilizer delivery.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A field water and fertilizer delivery system, comprising:
the water and fertilizer mixing equipment comprises a mixing tank and a feeding device, wherein the feeding device is positioned above the mixing tank, and a stirring device is arranged in the mixing tank;
one end of the water supply pipe is connected with a water source, the other end of the water supply pipe is led to the blending tank, and a first flow control valve is arranged on the water supply pipe;
the conveying pipe is communicated with the blending tank, a water pump and a second flow control valve are arranged on the conveying pipe, a plurality of branch pipes are connected to the conveying pipe, and a pressure control valve and a third flow control valve are arranged on each branch pipe; the branch pipes are used for supplying water and fertilizer to crops;
the controller, the controller is connected with agitating unit, booster pump, first flow control valve, second flow control valve, third flow control valve and pressure control valve electricity respectively, feeding device includes:
the storage bin is used for storing fertilizer;
the material control mechanism is arranged below the storage bin and comprises a discharging barrel and a baffle plate, and one end of the discharging barrel is connected with the bottom of the storage bin;
the baffle is arranged in the blanking cylinder and is rotationally connected with the blanking cylinder through a rotating shaft, and the baffle can plug or open the blanking cylinder;
the material control mechanism further comprises a motor, and the motor is connected with the rotating shaft through a worm gear reducer; the motor is connected with the controller;
the weighing bin is positioned below the blanking barrel, the bottom of the weighing bin is connected with the foundation through an electronic scale, and the electronic scale is connected with the controller;
the bottom of the weighing bin is provided with a bin gate and a bin opening mechanism, when the bin gate is opened, fertilizer in the weighing bin can fall into the blending tank, the bottom of the weighing bin is provided with a chute, one end of the chute is connected with the weighing bin, the other end of the chute is provided with an annular check ring, and the outer edge of the annular check ring is connected with the chute;
the bin gate is arranged in the chute, a gap is arranged between the edge of the bin gate and the inner wall of the chute, and the bin gate is matched with the annular check ring when the bin gate is closed; the edges of the annular check rings are provided with electromagnets, the electromagnets are electrically connected with the controller, and the bin gate is made of iron materials;
the bin opening mechanism comprises a ball rod and a guide cylinder, one end of the ball rod is connected with the bin door, and the other end of the ball rod is provided with a floating ball; the guide cylinder is fixedly connected with the chute, and the ball rod is in sliding fit with the guide cylinder;
the floating ball is positioned in the blending tank, and when the electromagnet is powered off, the bin gate can be opened by the floating ball rod under the buoyancy of water;
the blending tank is cylindrical.
2. The field water and fertilizer delivery system according to claim 1, wherein the bin gate is of a conical tubular structure, the bin gate is arranged in the chute, the large end of the bin gate faces downwards, and the edge of the large end of the bin gate is matched with the annular retainer ring.
3. The field water and fertilizer delivery system of claim 1, wherein the cue is a telescoping structure.
4. The field water and fertilizer delivery system according to claim 1, wherein the stirring device comprises a stirring motor and stirring blades, the stirring blades are connected with the stirring motor, and the stirring motor is connected with the controller.
5. The field water and fertilizer delivery system of claim 4, wherein the agitator motor is a variable frequency motor.
6. The field water and fertilizer delivery system of claim 1, wherein the controller is a single chip or PLC.
7. The field water and fertilizer delivery system according to claim 1, wherein a camera is arranged above the deployment tank and is electrically connected with the controller.
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| CN201711018787.4A CN107624327B (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2017-10-24 | Water and fertilizer delivery and distribution system in field |
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| CN201711018787.4A CN107624327B (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2017-10-24 | Water and fertilizer delivery and distribution system in field |
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| CN108207266B (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2023-05-30 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Irrigation system and method |
| CN108031401A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-05-15 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Irrigation equipment |
| CN108745009B (en) * | 2018-05-12 | 2019-06-21 | 陈奕筱 | Liquid manure Preparation equipment and method |
| CN113632720B (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2022-08-23 | 淄博市农业科学研究院 | Conservation-oriented energy-consumption-free biological medicine fertilizer root slow-release application device |
| CN116058146A (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-05-05 | 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所 | Intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation method and device |
| CN117204187B (en) * | 2023-10-11 | 2024-03-15 | 秦皇岛市北斗自控设备有限公司 | Water and fertilizer integrated irrigation device and irrigation method thereof |
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