CN107624293A - A kind of method on the heavy salinized ground of powdery ridge quick improvement - Google Patents
A kind of method on the heavy salinized ground of powdery ridge quick improvement Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method on the heavy salinized ground of powdery ridge quick improvement, for the heavy salinized of soil salt content >=0.8%, implement with powdery ridge operate based on system improvement method, comprise the following steps：（1）Build " repository " that heavy salinized ground powdery ridge salinity sinks；（2）Structure reduces the irrigation and drainage system of water level；（3）The multiple light salt drop alkali of powdery ridge farming；（4）Eliminate or mitigate the salt marsh conjunctiva on ground；（5）Crop-planting is using heavy salinizedly.Soil salt content declines more than 50%, after realizing agricultural use after transformation, crop yield more than 70%, can making soil by the powdery ridge processing method, quickly alkali drops in light salt, ground salt film is thinned, and so as to shorten its renovation and utilization time, becomes normal arable land or grassland utilization by that can not be utilized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the crops methods of cultivation, the method on specially a kind of heavy salinized ground of powdery ridge quick improvement.
Background technology
Saline-alkali soil is a kind of widely distributed soil types of Global land, about 9.5 hundred million hectares of global saline alkali land area.According to me
Second of soil survey information of state, wherein about 5.27 hundred million mu of China's saline alkali land resource area, 0.88 hundred million mu of Saline.Moreover,
Arable land Secondary Saline and grassland salinization of soil area are in increase trend.Heavy salinizedly, due to soil salt content more than 0.8% with
Above influence to make（Plant）Thing normal growth and development, especially ground form one layer up to 0.5 ~ 1 centimetre of even thicker hard salt marsh
Conjunctiva and influence to make（Plant）The normal germination and emergence of thing, " cure the disease and do not control tinea, control soil and do not combat alkalinity, solodization is not impressive." it is used as the Yellow River and Huai He River
One of early stage tackling key problem person of sea plain Saline-alkali Field Control, Inst of Geographic Science and Resources, Chiense Academy of Sciences researcher Cheng Weixin,
Illustrated to administer being not easy for salt-soda soil with old saying.Therefore China fails normally to develop always heavy salinizedly, therefore it is in thing
It is still world-famous puzzle in rationality transformation.
Guangxi academy of agricultural sciences' institute of economic crops researcher Wei Benhui is directed to high yield, retained and conserved soil moisture, water and soil conservation always
The research of the methods of cultivation, he invent " powdery ridge cultivation technique, which has, obvious efficiently utilizes the money naturally such as moisture, nutrient, photo-thermal
The feature in source, obvious effect of increasing production, it is a kind of modern agriculture model of innovation ", moreover, Wei Benhui researcher's research is dry
Many research is have also been made in terms of drought, semiarid zone high crop yield cultivation technique, he proposes that soil, moisture, luminous energy etc. provide naturally
" powder Ridge incremental effect theory " and " using root as this ", " nutrition stable market supply ", " the deeply imperial cold strong reserve strength of drought of root " that source increment utilizes
Deng crop Efficient Cultivation new theory, preside over powdery ridge agro-farming new method research, autonomous invention powdery ridge agro-farming new method, and Liaoning,
Applied on 13 kinds of crops of 8 provinces such as Gansu, Hunan, be provincial by expert appraisals such as academicians than conventional tillage volume increase 10 ~ 30%
Achievement simultaneously regards as originality.Inventor in the Promotion practice to powder Ridge farming methods it has also been found that, the methods of cultivation have compared with
The function of the good improvement salinization of soil.It is, in general, that the salinization of soil is loosened the soil by rational tillage and in time and it can be allowed to obtain
To alleviation, seed is promoted to sprout, plant growth, but still do not have preferable effect.
In terms of salt-soda soil is improved using powdery ridge method, the document that we retrieve is：
Chinese patent：Application number：201410430266 .X, title：Saline powder ridge light salt yield farming methods, summary：This hair
Bright to disclose a kind of saline powder ridge light salt yield farming methods, step is：Powdery ridge behaviour is carried out before ice and snow or before rainy season in the winter time
Make；It is divided into whole field powder ridge and growing pinkish ridge two ways, whole field powder ridge 25 ~ 30cm of tilth, growing pinkish ridge farming depth
Spend 30 ~ 40cm；And coordinate and establish escape canal；Fertilising；The measures such as crop-planting management effectively improve salt-soda soil and are unfavorable for making
The problem of thing grows, meanwhile, for the inventive method to realizing that soil environment further conversion has very great help, before having overturned completely
By the operating concept of chemical method and biological control measure, or even soil removal and replacement, for Chinese 400,000,000 mu of salt-soda soils, promotional value is big,
It can be seen that the powder Ridge farming methods possess not expected development prospect.Above invention has well for slight alkaline land improvement
Improved effect, but it is unsatisfactory for the correctional effect on heavy salinized ground, comprehensive analysis, it is potentially based on following reason：(1) severe
Alkaline land soil salt content is high, when powdery ridge tilth is 25 ~ 40cm, still have more salinity be accumulated in powdery ridge layer with
Under, it is difficult to salinity is moved up, so as to be difficult to reduce salinity；（2）Gutter or canal are built at powdery ridge layer edge, " can wash " and walk part
Salinity, but most of salinity of powdery ridge layer bottom still can not be excluded effectively with water, this be also heavy salinizedly with it is slight saline and alkaline
The difference on ground.Therefore, the powdery ridge method of the above is difficult to carry out effective salt discharge lixiviating to severe salt-soda soil.
Inventor is improved further through to powdery ridge method, optimizes powdery ridge effect, has invented that a set of to be suitable for physics quick
The powdery ridge method on heavy salinized ground is improved, and achieves preferable effect.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is not can effectively improve the severe salt of soil salt content >=0.8% still for existing powdery ridge method
Alkali the problem of, there is provided a kind of method on the heavy salinized ground of powdery ridge quick improvement, by improveing existing powdery ridge machinery, utilize depth
The serial evolutionary approach such as shallow alternate powdery ridge operation, reach the purpose on the heavy salinized ground of quick improvement, further expand powdery ridge method
The scope of application, heavy salinized to improve, increase China provides technical basis using arable land.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of method on the heavy salinized ground of powdery ridge quick improvement, for the heavy salinized of soil salt content >=0.8%, implement with
System improvement method based on powdery ridge operation, mainly comprises the following steps：
（1）Build first " repository " that heavy salinized ground powdery ridge salinity sinks：Heavy salinized implement the alternate powdery ridge of the depth
Operation：Using powdery ridge mechanical three groups or more than three groups augers, every group of drill bit length dislocation configuration, one group of long long degree are taken
For 50 ~ 60 centimetres, short one group long 35 ~ 45 centimetres of degree；Carry out the alternate powdery ridge farming of the depth, auger first to severe salt-soda soil
Long one group is vertically buried more than 50 centimetres, and short one group is buried 40 centimetres, and mutual turnery crushes soil and moved ahead, and makes every three
Powdery ridge rippers layer bottom is in " m " type of falling between group, i.e., per the depth of group leader's drill bit up to more than 50 centimetres；Loosen the soil in half its bottom
U-typed, short one group deep 40 centimetres, and the pan soil that bottom leaves is in "convex" shaped, and whole powdery ridge salt-soda soil bottom is loosened the soil and real soil
Section is in continuous " concavo-convex alternate " type,At " recessed " type to loosen the soil, automatic containing is whole
Rippers layer soil salt sinks, and as " repository " of salinity.
（2）Structure reduces the irrigation and drainage system of water level：After the high heavy salinized ground powdery ridge of water level 1 time, according to garden farming agriculture
Field road, planning for water resources development requirement, irrigation and drainage system of 70 ~ 90 centimetres away from salt-soda soil below ground is built, in favor of soil after powdery ridge
Salt, alkali sink, reduce salinity move up.
（3）The multiple light salt drop alkali of powdery ridge farming：After the alternate powdery ridge of the first time depth, can not long-term cropping, allow its receive
Naturally the light salt drop alkali such as natural rainfall；Hereafter, every 2 ~ 3 months powdery ridges once, utilize the consistent spiral of 40 centimetres of bottom length
Drill bit powder ridge machine carries out shallow-layer powdery ridge farming；By the shallow-layer powdery ridge farming of 3 ~ 5 times, by multiple high speed rotating grinding soil, strengthen
Soil texture is constantly improved on physical, is improved soil chemistry activation and microbial activity, is allowed heavy salinized
Salt, alkali in ground are constantly sunk, and are stored into " recessed " type formed after powdery ridge.
（4）Eliminate or mitigate the salt marsh conjunctiva on ground：After 3 ~ 5 powdery ridge farming, the improvement of heavy salinized ground soil texture,
Capillary is cut off, and the salt, alkali in soil move up probability reduction；Period, observe the salt marsh conjunctiva degree on its ground, rainfall,
The surface soil that snows performance it is loose, salt marsh conjunctiva performance it is slight when, enter row crop and pilot, plant experimentally, can normal germination and emergence, plant
Strain well-grown, shows to transform heavy salinizedly and starts success, i.e., into the agricultural use stage.
（5）Crop-planting is using heavy salinizedly：Operate more than repeating, within 1 year or 2 years, ploughed through multiple powdery ridge
Make, the heavy salinized total salt amount in ground reduces by more than 50%, and ground salt marsh conjunctiva is eliminated or mitigated, and crop is normally planted and is utilized, and is produced
Amount increase by more than 60%；Carry out crop-planting in improved heavy salinized plot, after harvest using crop straw returning to the field,
Fertilize the soil, quickening realizes the physical quick transformation of powdery ridge using heavy salinizedly.
Methods described is also applied for light, the moderate saline-alkali soil of soil salt content 0.1 ~ 0.8%.
Step（3）Spray system, the light salt of assisted soil can also be disposed during the shallow-layer powdery ridge operation.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
By transforming existing powdery ridge method：First, the alternate powdery ridge of the depth heavy salinized is carried out, utilizes long drill bit 50
~ 60 centimetres, 35 ~ 45 centimetres of stub drill is spaced, the operation of spiral powdery ridge, is formed on saline and alkaline ground continuous " concavo-convex alternate "
Type, and as " repository " of salinity；Irrigation and drainage system is built in 70 ~ 90 centimetres of powdery ridge layer bottom position and promotes salinity discharge；
Use 40 centimetres of parallel drill bit powdery ridges during secondary powdery ridge instead, enhance soil texture is constantly improved on physical, is improved
Soil chemistry activates and microbial activity, and the salt allowed in heavy salinized ground, alkali are constantly sunk, and are stored into shape after powdery ridge
Into " recessed " in；Crop finally is planted experimentally in the salt-soda soil in improvement, is finally reached the purpose for transforming heavy salinized ground.Use this
The heavy salinized ground of powdery ridge method transformation changes the world-famous puzzle for being difficult to transform heavy salinizedly at one stroke, meanwhile, the required cycle is only
1 ~ 2 year is needed, relative to the alkaline land improvement of more than 3 years easily, more efficient, effect was more preferable.China arable land is recycled
Using technology inspiration effect is served, the transformation on ground heavy salinized to China serves important function, has huge social valency
Value.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The method on the heavy salinized ground of powdery ridge quick improvement, mainly comprises the following steps：
（1）Build first " repository " that heavy salinized ground powdery ridge salinity sinks：Heavy salinized implement the alternate powdery ridge of the depth
Operation：Using powdery ridge mechanical three groups or more than three groups augers, every group of drill bit length dislocation configuration, one group of long long degree are taken
For 50 ~ 60 centimetres, short one group long 35 ~ 45 centimetres of degree；Carry out the alternate powdery ridge farming of the depth, auger first to severe salt-soda soil
Long one group is vertically buried more than 50 centimetres, and short one group is buried 40 centimetres, and mutual turnery crushes soil and moved ahead, and makes every three
Powdery ridge rippers layer bottom is in " m " type of falling between group, i.e., per the depth of group leader's drill bit up to more than 50 centimetres；Loosen the soil in half its bottom
U-typed, short one group deep 40 centimetres, and the pan soil that bottom leaves is in "convex" shaped, and whole powdery ridge salt-soda soil bottom is loosened the soil and real soil
Section is in continuous " concavo-convex alternate " type,At " recessed " type to loosen the soil, automatic containing is whole
Rippers layer soil salt sinks, and as " repository " of salinity.
（2）Structure reduces the irrigation and drainage system of water level：After the high heavy salinized ground powdery ridge of water level 1 time, according to garden farming agriculture
Field road, planning for water resources development requirement, irrigation and drainage system of 70 ~ 90 centimetres away from salt-soda soil below ground is built, in favor of soil after powdery ridge
Salt, alkali sink, reduce salinity move up.
（3）The multiple light salt drop alkali of powdery ridge farming：After the alternate powdery ridge of the first time depth, can not long-term cropping, allow its receive
Naturally the light salt drop alkali such as natural rainfall；Hereafter, every 2 ~ 3 months powdery ridges once, utilize the consistent spiral of 40 centimetres of bottom length
Drill bit powder ridge machine carries out shallow-layer powdery ridge farming, can also dispose spray system, the light salt of assisted soil；By the shallow-layer powder of 3 ~ 5 times
Ridge farming, by multiple high speed rotating grinding soil, enhance soil texture is constantly improved on physical, improves soil
The property learned activation and microbial activity, the salt allowed in heavy salinized ground, alkali are constantly sunk, and are stored into what is formed after powdery ridge
In " recessed " type.
（4）Eliminate or mitigate the salt marsh conjunctiva on ground：After 3 ~ 5 powdery ridge farming, the improvement of heavy salinized ground soil texture,
Capillary is cut off, and the salt, alkali in soil move up probability reduction；Period, observe the salt marsh conjunctiva degree on its ground, rainfall,
The surface soil that snows performance it is loose, salt marsh conjunctiva performance it is slight when, enter row crop and pilot, plant experimentally, can normal germination and emergence, plant
Strain well-grown, shows to transform heavy salinizedly and starts success, you can into agricultural use rank.
（5）Crop-planting is using heavy salinizedly：Operate more than repeating, within 1 year or 2 years, ploughed through multiple powdery ridge
Make, the heavy salinized total salt amount in ground reduces by more than 50%, and ground salt marsh conjunctiva is eliminated or mitigated, and crop is normally planted and is utilized, and is produced
Amount increase by more than 60%；Carry out crop-planting in improved heavy salinized plot, after harvest using crop straw returning to the field,
Fertilize the soil, quickening realizes the physical quick transformation of powdery ridge using heavy salinizedly.
Embodiment 2
Inventor is operated using powdery ridge described in embodiment 1 in the physical transformation of Jilin Province Baicheng heavy salinized ground powdery ridge, powdery ridge soil
Earth loosens the soil the intensification of 20 cms to more than 40 centimetres by tradition, and soil is changed into black from brown, and surface crops and weeds etc. are raw
Object amount increases by more than 2 times.
By These parameters as can be seen that after powdery ridge quick transformation, 0 ~ 25cm of salt content soil on the heavy salinized ground
Earth is 6.34%, and 25 ~ 45cm soil is 3.55%, declines 34.43% and 65.20% with layer soil relative to clear area soil.
After zero trimestral transformation in 1 year, spring maize is being planted in the plot, First Year per mu yield is 435kg/ mus,
Transform successfully.
Embodiment 3
Inventor Shandong region it is heavy salinized also carried out transforming up to 2 years heavy salinized, before transformation, through inspection
Survey, soil salt content 12.45%, any crop can not be planted.After the powdery ridge transformation by such as embodiment 1,2 soil of powdery ridge
Earth salinity drops to 8.09%, declines more than 30%, and after 5 powdery ridges, soil salinity is reduced to 3.55%, pH by 10.02 drops
Low ground salt marsh degree is thinned to 7.45, and sowing radish, Chinese cabbage can emerge；Transformed successfully after 2 years.
Embodiment 4
Inventor's heavy salinized ground remodeling method equally as described in embodiment 1, the heavy salinized ground powdery ridge local to Xinjiang are carried out
Transformation, powdery ridge twice after, soil salt content is reduced to 1.06%, immediately plant cotton, 490 kilograms of per mu yield then, than control 380
Kilogram, increase by 110 kilograms, rate of growth nearly 30%.
Embodiment 5
Inventor heavy salinizedly, has also carried out the transformation in powdery ridge physics quick improvement salt-soda soil in Inner Mongolian grassland.
Following table changes for the salt-soda soil salt content in the front and rear plot of transformation.
As can be seen that the salt content for changing heavy salinized ground after powdery ridge is transformed have dropped 97.46% and 87.92%, this can
Can be more in powdery ridge number（6 times）More there is relation with the rainwater weather of locality.The forage yield volume increase planted after transformation
125%, transform successfully.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. method on the heavy salinized ground of powdery ridge quick improvement, it is characterised in that：Methods described for soil salt content >= 0.8% heavy salinizedly, implement with powdery ridge operate based on system improvement method, comprise the following steps：（1）Build first " repository " that heavy salinized ground powdery ridge salinity sinks：Heavy salinized implement the alternate powder of the depth Ridge operates：Using powdery ridge mechanical three groups or more than three groups augers, every group of drill bit length dislocation configuration, one group of long length are taken Spend for 50 ~ 60 centimetres, short one group long 35 ~ 45 centimetres of degree；Carry out the alternate powdery ridge farming of the depth, spiral first to severe salt-soda soil One group of drill bit length is vertically buried more than 50 centimetres, and short one group is buried 40 centimetres, and mutual turnery crushes soil and moved ahead, and is made every Powdery ridge rippers layer bottom is in " m " type of falling between three groups, i.e., per the depth of group leader's drill bit up to more than 50 centimetres；Loosen the soil in half its bottom Individual U-typed, short one group of 40 centimetres of depth, the pan soil that bottom leaves are in " convex " font, and whole powdery ridge salt-soda soil bottom is loosened the soil and reality In continuous " concavo-convex alternate " type, the automatic whole rippers layer soil salt of containing sinks soil profile at " recessed " type to loosen the soil, forms For " repository " of salinity；（2）Structure reduces the irrigation and drainage system of water level：After the high heavy salinized ground powdery ridge of water level 1 time, according to garden farming farmland road Road, planning for water resources development requirement, build irrigation and drainage system of 70 ~ 90 centimetres away from salt-soda soil below ground, in favor of the salt of soil after powdery ridge, Alkali sinks, and reduces salinity and moves up；（3）The multiple light salt drop alkali of powdery ridge farming：After the alternate powdery ridge of the first time depth, long-term cropping, does not allow it to receive natural drop Water and light salt drop alkali naturally；Hereafter, every 2 ~ 3 months powdery ridges once, utilize the consistent augers powder of 40 centimetres of bottom length Ridge machine carries out shallow-layer powdery ridge farming；By the shallow-layer powdery ridge farming of 3 ~ 5 times, by multiple high speed rotating grinding soil, soil is enhanced Structure is constantly improved on physical, is improved soil chemistry activation and microbial activity, is allowed in heavy salinized ground Salt, alkali are constantly sunk, and are stored into " recessed " type formed after powdery ridge；（4）Eliminate or mitigate the salt marsh conjunctiva on ground：After 3 ~ 5 powdery ridge farming, heavy salinized ground soil texture improves, capillary Pipe is cut off, and salt, alkali in soil move up probability reduction；Period, the salt marsh conjunctiva degree on its ground is observed, in rainfall, is snowed Surface soil performance it is loose, salt marsh conjunctiva performance it is slight when, enter row crop and pilot, plant experimentally, can normal germination and emergence, plant life It is long good, i.e., into the agricultural use stage；（5）Crop-planting is using heavy salinizedly：Operated more than repeating, within 1 year or 2 years, through multiple powdery ridge farming, Improved heavy salinized plot carries out crop-planting, and crop straw returning to the field is used after harvest, is fertilized the soil, powdery ridge is realized in quickening Physical quick transformation is using heavy salinizedly.
- 2. the method on the heavy salinized ground of powdery ridge quick improvement according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Methods described is also fitted For light, the moderate saline-alkali soil that soil salt content is 0.1 ~ 0.8%.
- 3. the method on the heavy salinized ground of powdery ridge quick improvement according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（3）It is described Shallow-layer powdery ridge disposes spray system, the light salt of assisted soil when operating.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1537159A1 (en) * | 1986-07-18 | 1990-01-23 | Поволжский Филиал Всесоюзного Научно-Исследовательского Института Сельскохозяйственного Машиностроения Им.В.П.Горячкина | Method of reclaiming solonetz soils |
| CN104255105A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2015-01-07 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Saline-alkali soil powder ridge light salt productive farming method |
| CN104541641A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Method of thinning, eliminating soil salt and increasing yield by arranging crushed ridge bind drain system |
| CN106171073A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-12-07 | 梁伟 | A kind of deep ploughing powder ridge all-in-one |
| CN206042714U (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2017-03-29 | 梁伟 | Powder drill bit device after pine before a kind of powder ridge deep ploughing all-in-one is special |
-
2017
- 2017-09-28 CN CN201710900717.5A patent/CN107624293A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1537159A1 (en) * | 1986-07-18 | 1990-01-23 | Поволжский Филиал Всесоюзного Научно-Исследовательского Института Сельскохозяйственного Машиностроения Им.В.П.Горячкина | Method of reclaiming solonetz soils |
| CN104255105A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2015-01-07 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Saline-alkali soil powder ridge light salt productive farming method |
| CN104541641A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Method of thinning, eliminating soil salt and increasing yield by arranging crushed ridge bind drain system |
| CN106171073A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-12-07 | 梁伟 | A kind of deep ploughing powder ridge all-in-one |
| CN206042714U (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2017-03-29 | 梁伟 | Powder drill bit device after pine before a kind of powder ridge deep ploughing all-in-one is special |
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