CN107586221A - A kind of preparation method of organic mat - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of organic mat Download PDFInfo
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- CN107586221A CN107586221A CN201710703341.9A CN201710703341A CN107586221A CN 107586221 A CN107586221 A CN 107586221A CN 201710703341 A CN201710703341 A CN 201710703341A CN 107586221 A CN107586221 A CN 107586221A
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- wooden
- biofermentation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of organic mat, comprise the following steps：Step 1, it is standby to collect caused green plants discarded object or wooden processing waste material during afforestation project and virescence maintenance；Step 2, the green plants discarded object of step 1 or wooden processing waste material are broken for the suitably wooden fragment of length and width, thick size；Step 3, the wooden fragment that step 2 obtains is subjected to heap poststack biofermentation and obtains organic mat of the present invention.Preparation method of the present invention obtains organic mat, size reasonable mixture ratio, there is good water storage, fertilizer conservation, ventilative, heat accumulation function, optimization improving effect can be reached to soil, meet the Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in plant growth and greenery patches, be a kind of urban vegetation organic mat with fabulous sponge performance.Preparation method raw material of the present invention is easy to get, environmental protection；Process is easy to operate, easily realizes industrialization large-scale production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic mat, more particularly to a kind of organic mat to be fermented by biological organic,
More particularly to a kind of preparation method of organic mat.
Background technology
As China's economic society is fast-developing and the continuous quickening of urbanization process, make in urban construction and land development
During broken ground water circulation balance.A large amount of rainwater are caused not permeate the ground, and the greening in city etc. needs to gather
Underground water pours in the dry spell to the various plants in city.Cause asking for current city generally existing groundwater mining
Topic.
Meanwhile in order to which urban and the ecological balance, most cities will largely new greening land and each plantations of plantation
Quilt.There is also many deficiencies while urban green space construction obtains very big effect, first, urban green space system is done by human factor
Disturb greatly, the ecosystem is more fragile, and dry branches and fallen leaves or management discarded object of cities and towns trees etc. are often removed by people as rubbish
Even it is incinerated, it is impossible to soil progress Nutrients are returned as in natural forest and are recycled.Second, it is most of green
Change soil and use refuse soil and deep layer foundation pit earth more.The nutrient contents such as soil depletion, N, P are low, and salinization of soil phenomenon is serious.Moreover, city
Human activity is frequent in city greenery patches, soil compaction and hardened, and unit weight is higher, and permeability, moisture holding capacity are poor, poor aeration, organic
Matter content is few, be unfavorable for edaphon and the growth of tree root, fertility constantly decline.3rd, turfgrass and cover plant
Soil regime is not can effectively improve, there is also the situation that moisture and nutrient are competed with trees.Due to light around large-scale tree
Reason is not easy the vegetation that survives, it may appear that exposed earth's surface, is easily caused airborne dust and soil erosion.
For above mentioned problem existing for Urban tree Soil Habitat etc., the use of organic mat turns into urban soil
The important measures of child care.Organic ground surface mulch is by the residue during production of forestry or urban greenery plantses discarded object warp
It is revert to after processing in urban green space, realizes the cycling and reutilization of resource.Organic mat can effectively keep soil moisture, regulation
Temperature, improve soil physico-chemical property, strengthen soil microbial activity, the regulation soil water, fertilizer, air and heat situation, be finally reached raising
The effect of soil fertility.Airborne dust and reentrainment of dust are also prevented from simultaneously, decorates and beautifies the environment.
At present, urban is covered using organic mat to urban landscaping soil.It is but existing
Organic mat is the crushed material of plant, and there is certain disaster hidden-trouble in application process.It is surplus during production of forestry
The branch of excess or urban greenery plantses discarded object, leaf, dry, grass cuttings etc. mix, and should not sort, and easily rot, some sick branch rotten leafs
Possibly even with a variety of germs, worm's ovum；Afforestation discarded object comes from different types of seeds, is especially in the presence of some wood
The seeds of matter and bark denser, these material thicknesses are uneven, should not remove the peel crushing, should not dye, and proportion is larger, if with
Easily cause soil hardening in covering, be not suitable for being used as organic mat, this is just used as organic mat to afforestation discarded object
Bring the problem of a lot.Moreover, organic mat, when carrying out soil covering, property, bulk, the size of organic mat determine
The thickness that covering needs.Cladding thickness is an important step in organic mat construction, and covering is too thin not to reach moisturizing
With the effect of control weeds, covering is too thick may to cause bad hydraulic permeability or soil excessive moisture, poor aeration, influence the life of trees
It is long.So to the quality of further optimization organic mat, prepare quality preferably organic mat and larger demand be present.It is logical
Cross organic mat that technical scheme is prepared for ecology, save, the construction of city afforestation of safety and can hold
Supervention exhibition is significant.
The content of the invention
In view of the drawbacks described above of prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art being given birth to urban green space
The demand that state, soil improve, meet by reasonably match by urban soil be modified to good water storage, fertilizer conservation, it is ventilative,
Heat accumulation function, meet the Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in plant growth and greenery patches.One kind is provided and utilizes green plants discarded object or wooden
The raw materials such as processing waste material, prepare a kind of method for improveing urban soil property organic mat.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of organic mat, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, it is useless to collect caused green plants discarded object or wooden processing during afforestation project and virescence maintenance
Expect standby；
Step 2, by the green plants discarded object of step 1 or wooden processing waste material be broken for length 0.5cm~10cm,
Width 0.5cm~7cm, thickness 0.5cm~3cm wooden fragment；
Step 3, the wooden fragment that step 2 obtains is subjected to heap poststack biofermentation and obtains organic covering of the present invention
Thing.
In the step 1, green plants discarded object is discarded tree limb, discarded trees bark etc.；
Further, the discarded tree limb diameter is not less than 0.5cm, and length is not less than 0.5cm；
The length of the discarded bark, width dimensions are not less than 0.5cm；
The discarded trees are selected from Chinese parasol tree, ginkgo, willow, pine tree, Chinese fir etc.；It is preferred that willow；
In the step 1, the length of wooden processing waste material, width, thickness are not less than 0.5cm；
In the step 1, the timber of wooden processing waste material is selected from willow, pine tree, Chinese fir, beech tree, jujube tree；It is preferred that willow；
In the step 2, the length that green plants discarded object or wooden processing waste material are broken for wooden fragment is preferred
For 3cm~10cm；More preferably 3cm~7cm；
In the step 2, the width that green plants discarded object or wooden processing waste material are broken for wooden fragment is preferred
For 1cm~5cm；More preferably 1cm~3cm；
In the step 2, the thickness that green plants discarded object or wooden processing waste material are broken for wooden fragment is preferred
For 0.5cm~1.5cm；
In the step 3, the stack height of wooden fragment is the fragment heap of 0.5m~15m height, preferably 2m~10m；
More preferably 7m~8m；
In the step 3, biofermentation is that compound probiotic strain is fermented；
In the step 3, the yeasting temperature of biofermentation is 50 DEG C~80 DEG C；It is preferred that 65 DEG C~70 DEG C；
In the step 3, the yeasting relative humidity of biofermentation is 60%~90%；It is preferred that 70%~75%；
In the step 3, the time of biofermentation is not less than 15 days；Preferably not less than 30 days；It is further preferably not small
In 90 days；Most preferably 90 days~120 days.
Optionally, in the step 3, turning was carried out once at interval of 10~18 days in biological fermentation process；
Optionally, in the step 3, moisture supplement can also be carried out in biological fermentation process；
Optionally, in the step 3, compound probiotic strain supplement can also be carried out in biological fermentation process；.
Optionally, a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned organic mat includes：
Step 4, the organic mat that step 3 is obtained are dyed using coloring agent, obtain the organic of different colours
Covering.
The step 4 kind, coloring agent are selected from water dyeing agent, preferably iron oxide coloring agent.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1st, organic mat prepared by the inventive method possesses the water imbibition of superelevation, rainwater can be carried out during rainy season set
Storage, then slowly penetrates into soil, water will be divided to be stored in soil well, have good water resistance.It is moreover, organic
Covering has completely cut off the direct projection of sunlight while earth's surface, storage moisture is covered, and substantially reduces the water evaporation quantity of soil.
2nd, preparation method of the present invention is by optimizing the broken size of green plants discarded object or wooden processing waste material so that
The organic mat arrived has preferable permeability while with good water conservation, water storage, is advantageous to improve soil ring
Border, make soil property fluffy, increase the gas permeability of soil, be more beneficial for the root growth of plant.
3rd, preparation method of the present invention using the green plants discarded object of optimization or the species of wooden processing waste material and crushes
Size, optimization of fermentation conditions, the organic mat being prepared have preferable heat storage performance, can adjust soil and periphery temperature
Degree.Prevent that the soil moisture is too high and causes the excessive evaporation of moisture in temperature hot summer；Portion can be discharged in the winter of cold
Divide the heat of savings, prevent the too low frostbite plant of the soil moisture.With good recovery electric heating system
4th, preparation method of the present invention uses suitable zymophyte, by adjust the temperature fermented in preparation process, humidity, when
Between, the turning interval time of the height that fermentation stacks and stacking, make the wooden fragment by biofermentation, internal structure occurs
Change, space is increased between fiber, and the water storage function of wooden fragment is significantly lifted.It is meanwhile wooden in wooden fragment
Throwing is long and coarse, winds wooden flakes, the lighter wooden flakes of quality is mixed integrally, is not easy to float in rainstorm weather
It is floating；When drying, a moisture content part for savings is slowly lowered into soil inside organic mat, and a part is evaporated into air, increased
While adding soil vegetative cover water content, increase air humidity, improve surrounding environment.
5th, substantial amounts of wood-fibred and other organic matters are contained in the organic mat that preparation method of the present invention obtains, by one
After the natural degradation of section time, organic matter therein after soil absorption, can effectively be adjusted the pH value of soil, increase soil
The fertility of earth, it is more beneficial for the healthy growth of plant.
6th, organic mat preparation method of the present invention can coordinate conventional coloring agent to be dyed, and keep good water storage, protect
Fertile, ventilative, heat accumulation function while energy beautifying city green soil, build urban landscape attractive in appearance.
In summary, the organic mat that the inventive method is prepared, size reasonable mixture ratio, fermentation condition is excellent, makes
The organic mat prepared with the present invention covers urban afforestation soil, and optimization improving effect can be reached to soil, is made it have good
Water storage well, fertilizer conservation, ventilative, heat accumulation function, meet the Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in plant growth and greenery patches, be that one kind has fabulous sea
The urban vegetation organic mat of continuous performance.Preparation method raw material of the present invention is easy to get, environmental protection；Process is easy to operate, Yi Shi
Now industrialization large-scale production.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are elaborated below：The present embodiment is carried out lower premised on technical solution of the present invention
Implement, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementation
Example.
Embodiment 1：
The present embodiment 1 is implemented under the conditions of following preparation condition and step：
Step 1：Caused diameter, length discard poplar not less than 0.5cm during collecting afforestation project and virescence maintenance
Branch is dry, pine tree limb is standby；
Step 2, length 0.5cm~3cm, width 0.5cm~1cm, thickness are broken for by tree limb is discarded in step 1
0.5cm~1cm wooden fragment；
Step 3, the wooden fragment that step 2 is obtained are stacked to 2m~5m height, are uniformly added into stacking process multiple
Close probiotics strain and carry out biofermentation, it is 50 DEG C~65 DEG C to control fermentation temperature, and yeasting humidity is 60%~70%, hair
The ferment time is 15 days, obtains organic mat of the present invention.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment 2 is implemented under the conditions of following preparation condition and step：
Step 1：Caused diameter, length discard China fir not less than 0.5cm during collecting afforestation project and virescence maintenance
Dry, the discarded ginkgo limb of branch is standby；
Step 2, length 3cm~7cm, width 1cm~3cm, thickness are broken for by tree limb is discarded in step 1
0.5cm~1.5cm wooden fragment；
Step 3, the wooden fragment that step 2 is obtained are stacked to 5m~8m height, are uniformly added into stacking process multiple
Close probiotics strain and carry out biofermentation, it is 65 DEG C~70 DEG C to control fermentation temperature, and yeasting humidity is 70%~80%, hair
The ferment time is 30 days, obtains organic mat of the present invention.
In above-mentioned fermentation process, moisturizing and turning are carried out once when fermentation was to 15 days.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment 3 is implemented under the conditions of following preparation condition and step：
Step 1：Caused diameter, length discard Chinese parasol tree not less than 0.5cm during collecting afforestation project and virescence maintenance
Tung oil tree skin, discarded Poplar Bark are standby；
Step 2, length 7cm~10cm, width 3cm~5cm, thickness are broken for by tree limb is discarded in step 1
1.5cm~3cm wooden fragment；
Step 3, the wooden fragment that step 2 is obtained are stacked to 8m~10m height, are uniformly added into stacking process multiple
Close probiotics strain and carry out biofermentation, it is 70 DEG C~80 DEG C to control fermentation temperature, and yeasting humidity is 80%~90%, hair
The ferment time is 90 days, obtains organic mat of the present invention.
In above-mentioned fermentation process, turning is carried out when fermentation was to 10 days, 20 days, 30 days, 50 days, 68 days, 80 days, it is whole
Individual fermentation process turning 6 times.
Embodiment 4：
The present embodiment 4 is implemented under the conditions of following preparation condition and step：
Step 1：It is standby that collection length, width, thickness are not less than 0.5cm willow, the processing waste material of pine tree；
Step 2, wooden processing waste material in step 1 is broken for length 3cm~7cm, width 1cm~3cm, thickness
0.5cm~1.5cm wooden fragment；
Step 3, the wooden fragment that step 2 is obtained are stacked to 7m~8m height, are uniformly added into stacking process multiple
Close probiotics strain and carry out biofermentation, it is 65 DEG C~70 DEG C to control fermentation temperature, and yeasting humidity is 60%~90%, hair
The ferment time is 120 days, obtains organic mat of the present invention.
In above-mentioned fermentation process, turning was carried out once at interval of 15 days, moisturizing is respectively carried out when fermenting the 40th day, 70 days
With supplement compound probiotic strain once.
Embodiment 5：
The present embodiment 5 is implemented under the conditions of following preparation condition and step：
Step 1：It is standby that collection length, width, thickness are not less than 1cm Chinese fir, jujube tree processing waste material；
Step 2, wooden processing waste material in step 1 is broken for length 3cm~7cm, width 1cm~3cm, thickness
0.5cm~1.5cm wooden fragment；
Step 3, the wooden fragment that step 2 is obtained are stacked to 7m~8m height, are uniformly added into stacking process multiple
Close probiotics strain and carry out biofermentation, it is 65 DEG C~70 DEG C to control fermentation temperature, and yeasting humidity is 60%~90%, hair
The ferment time is 100 days, obtains organic mat of the present invention.
In above-mentioned fermentation process, turning was carried out once at interval of 18 days.
Embodiment 6：
The present embodiment 6 is implemented under the conditions of following preparation condition and step：
Step 1：It is standby that collection length, width, thickness are not less than 0.5cm beech tree, willow processing waste material；
Step 2, wooden processing waste material in step 1 is broken for length 3cm~7cm, width 1cm~3cm, thickness
0.5cm~1.5cm wooden fragment；
Step 3, the wooden fragment that step 2 is obtained be stacked to 7m~8m height, be uniformly added into stacking process into
Row biofermentation, it is 65 DEG C~70 DEG C to control fermentation temperature, and yeasting humidity is 70%~75%, and fermentation time is 120 days,
Obtain organic mat of the present invention；
In above-mentioned fermentation process, turning was carried out once at interval of 15 days, moisturizing is respectively carried out when fermenting the 40th day, 70 days
With supplement compound probiotic strain once；
Step 4, the organic mat that step 3 is obtained are dyed using iron oxide coloring agent, obtain different colours
Organic mat product.
1~6 couple of present invention does further comprehensive elaboration in conjunction with the embodiments：What the embodiment of the present invention 1~6 was prepared has
Wooden chip size reasonable mixture ratio in machine covering, length is between 5cm~10cm, width is between 0.5cm~7cm, thickness
Between 0.5cm~3cm, through ventilative good with heat storage performance using detection product；Wooden fragment is by sufficiently fermentation, fiber
Between space increase, wooden filament length in wooden fragment and it is coarse, wind wooden fragment, the wooden flakes for making quality lighter are mixed into
One, through using detecting, the inventive method is prepared organic mat and is not easy to float in rainstorm weather；It is organic when drying
A moisture content part for covering internal fiber space savings is slowly lowered into soil, and a part is evaporated plants into air, increase soil
While by water content, increase ambient air humidity, there is good water storage function, meet plant growth and the water in greenery patches
Source Conservation；Substantial amounts of wood-fibred and other organic matters, can be effective easily by soil absorption in wooden fragment after fermentation
Regulation soil pH value, increase the fertility of soil；Show organic covering prepared by the preparation method of above-described embodiment 1~6
Thing is a kind of urban vegetation organic mat with fabulous sponge performance.
Preferred embodiment of the invention described in detail above.It should be appreciated that one of ordinary skill in the art without
Creative work can is needed to make many modifications and variations according to the design of the present invention.Therefore, all technologies in the art
Personnel are available by logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea
Technical scheme, all should be in the protection domain being defined in the patent claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of organic mat, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, it is standby to collect caused green plants discarded object or wooden processing waste material during afforestation project and virescence maintenance
With；
Step 2, the green plants discarded object of step 1 or wooden processing waste material are broken for length 0.5cm~10cm, width
0.5cm~7cm, thickness 0.5cm~3cm wooden fragment；
Step 3, the wooden fragment that step 2 obtains is subjected to heap poststack biofermentation and obtains organic mat of the present invention.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step 1, green plants discarded object is discarded tree limb, discarded trees bark；
Wherein, discard tree limb diameter and be not less than 0.5cm, length is not less than 0.5cm；
The length of discarded bark, width dimensions are not less than 0.5cm；
The length of wooden processing waste material, width, thickness are not less than 0.5cm.
3. method according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that
The discarded trees are selected from Chinese parasol tree, ginkgo, willow, pine tree, Chinese fir；It is preferred that willow；
The timber of the wooden processing waste material is selected from willow, pine tree, Chinese fir, beech tree, jujube tree；It is preferred that willow.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step 2, green plants discarded object or wooden processing waste material be broken for the length of wooden fragment for 3cm~
10cm, preferably 3cm~7cm；Green plants discarded object or wooden processing waste material be broken for the width of wooden fragment for 1cm~
5cm；Preferably 1cm~3cm；The thickness that green plants discarded object or wooden processing waste material are broken for wooden fragment is 0.5cm
~1.5cm.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step 3, biofermentation is that compound probiotic strain is fermented.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step 3, the stack height of wooden fragment is 0.5m~15m；The yeasting temperature of biofermentation be 50 DEG C~
80℃；The yeasting relative humidity of biofermentation is 60%~90%；The time of biofermentation is not less than 15 days.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that
The stack height of the wooden fragment is 2m~10m；The yeasting temperature of the biofermentation is 65 DEG C~70 DEG C；Institute
The yeasting relative humidity for stating biofermentation is 70%~75%；The time of the biofermentation is not less than 30 days.
8. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that
The stack height of the wooden fragment is 7m~8m；The time of biofermentation is not less than 90 days preferably 90 days~120
My god.
9. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step 3, biological fermentation process also includes carrying out turning or moisturizing once at interval of 10~18 days.
10. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
A kind of preparation method of organic mat also includes：
Step 4, the organic mat that step 3 is obtained are dyed using coloring agent, obtain organic covering of different colours
Thing.
In the step 4, coloring agent is selected from water dyeing agent, preferably iron oxide coloring agent.
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| CN201710703341.9A CN107586221A (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | A kind of preparation method of organic mat |
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ID=61042740
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108440050A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-08-24 | 美尚生态景观股份有限公司 | Divide the method that size is handled to afforestation waste |
| CN110771475A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-11 | 昆山合纵生态科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing mildew-proof organic covering |
| CN113980683A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-01-28 | 吉林省林业科学研究院 | Production process and application of ecological organic covering |
| CN114131724A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-04 | 吉林省林业科学研究院 | Application of waste artificial board in covering wood, method for preparing covering wood from waste urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive artificial board and covering wood |
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| CN113980683A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-01-28 | 吉林省林业科学研究院 | Production process and application of ecological organic covering |
| CN114131724A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-04 | 吉林省林业科学研究院 | Application of waste artificial board in covering wood, method for preparing covering wood from waste urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive artificial board and covering wood |
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