CN107585879B - Water body ecological self-repairing photo-thermal microorganism floating plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water body ecological self-repairing photo-thermal microorganism floating plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water body ecological self-repairing photo-thermal microbial floating plate and a preparation method thereof. The water body ecological self-repairing photo-thermal microorganism floating plate is used for treating various polluted water bodies, can remove pollutants in black and odorous sewage, and has the functions of effectively purifying water quality and recovering the self-purification function of the water bodies. The principle is that a coating layer consisting of expanded carbon black and microbial bacteria forms heat transfer layer heat, a good living environment is created for the microbes, when the polluted water body floats, the microbes efficiently construct a microbial food chain, silkworm food organic matters and reduce eutrophic water bodies, and therefore the purpose of self-repairing of the water body is achieved. The microbial floating plate has low manufacturing cost, is convenient and efficient to use, and can greatly reduce the sewage treatment cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage remediation, in particular to a method for treating sewage by using ecological self-repairing photo-thermal microorganisms.
Background
The water resource is a natural resource essential for human production and life, and is also an environmental resource on which organisms live and an economic resource supporting healthy development of national economy. Since the industrial revolution, the rise of large industry, the mechanization of agriculture, the use of pesticide and fertilizer in large quantities, the rapid development of urbanization and the like, a large amount of wastewater is discharged into rivers, lakes and seas, and the water environment is deteriorated. The shortage of water resource and the deterioration of water quality cause the serious deterioration of the ecological system of the river, which results in the phenomena of water and soil loss, serious erosion of the bank, reduction of biodiversity and the like. The urban landscape water comprises artificial lakes, small natural lakes, artificial landscape lakes configured for real estate construction and the like, is in a special environment which is greatly different from the natural environment, and is mostly a slow-flow water body with static or poor liquidity, so that the self-purification capacity of the water body is insufficient, the water body is easy to become a receptor for domestic sewage, rainwater, garbage and the like, and water body pollution and eutrophication are caused to different degrees.
Municipal sewage mainly consists of four parts, including: domestic sewage generated in the life process of urban residents, production wastewater generated in the production process of enterprises, urban precipitation and part of polluted surface water. The biochemical performance of the municipal sewage is better, and the general BOD5The COD can reach 0.5-0.6, and the obvious characteristics are that the change of water quality and water quantity has seasonal periodicity and day and night periodicity; domestic sewage pretreatment in most areas of China takes a small area as a unit, and pretreated water is directly discharged into a natural water body through a sewer system; the domestic, office and commercial areas are mixed together, and domestic sewage and urban sewage discharge share a set of sewer system. Therefore, the method has the characteristics of large amount, multiple sources and wide range of domestic sewage in cities of China.
The municipal sewage treatment technology can be classified into physical, chemical and biological methods according to the principles of municipal sewage treatment. Biological treatment is the most economical, effective and widely applied method for solving the problem of urban sewage, and is an important guarantee for sustainable development of water resources. The principle of biological sewage treatment is to provide conditions favorable for the enrichment and growth of microorganisms in a bioreactor, mainly including nutrient conditions and dissolved oxygen conditions, so as to strengthen and accelerate the effective degradation of the microorganisms on various organic pollutants and achieve the aim of purifying sewage.
Patent application No. CN201610974967.9 discloses a microorganism pollution control generation system, a method for preparing a microorganism pollution control microbial inoculum and a method for treating microorganism pollution of the microorganism pollution control generation system, wherein microorganisms are purely cultured by a microorganism characteristic analysis technology, a quantitative sample is inoculated into a culture medium and cultured in an incubator for a certain time at a proper temperature, but the culture process can not avoid deviating from the original environmental conditions of the microorganisms to a greater or lesser extent, so that the transformation of the microbial community structure is caused, and the effect of treating the sewage is greatly reduced.
The patent application number CN103787475A discloses a high-efficiency sewage treatment agent, which comprises 40-60 parts of inorganic natural mineral substances, 20-40 parts of inorganic sulfate, 10-30 parts of inorganic carbonate or alkali and 1-5 parts of inorganic polymeric sulfate.
Although the chemical preparations for water body restoration disclosed in the prior art have certain effects in the water body restoration process, the preparations have great limitations and pertinence, for example, the coagulant can only play a coagulation role; the decolorant can only decolor, and the like, and the preparations can only transfer pollutants, can not fundamentally remove pollution factors in the water body, and form a large amount of sludge to cause secondary pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize the self-repairing of the water ecology, the invention provides the photo-thermal microbial floating plate for the self-repairing of the water ecology, which can be used in various polluted water bodies, has the function of long-acting sewage treatment, can remove pollutants in black and odorous sewage, and has the functions of effectively purifying water quality and recovering the self-purification of the water bodies. Further provides a preparation method of the water body ecological self-repairing photo-thermal microorganism floating plate.
In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
a water body ecological self-repairing photo-thermal microbial floating plate is characterized in that a layer of self-repairing photo-thermal microbial floating plate consisting of photo-thermal conversion materials is coated on the surface of a floatable plate; the photothermal conversion material comprises microbial bacteria, expanded carbon black and other auxiliary agents;
the floatable plate is one of a polystyrene foam plate, a polyurethane foam plate, a polyvinyl chloride foam plate and a polyethylene foam plate, and the floatable plate is 1m long, 0.5m wide and 5cm thick;
the microbial strain is composed of multiple strains according to a certain weight part, 10-30 parts of saccharomycetes, 20-40 parts of bacillus subtilis, 20-40 parts of bacillus megatherium and 10-30 parts of lactococcus lactis; each strain was prepared as follows: respectively taking out saccharomycetes, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium and lactococcus lactis, putting the saccharomycetes, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus megaterium and the lactococcus lactis into corresponding liquid culture media, culturing for 2-4 days at the culture temperature of 28-38 ℃, and packaging and warehousing for later use after the culture is finished;
the expandable carbon black is obtained by heating and expanding expandable carbon black at a high temperature of 800-1000 ℃ for 10-60 s, and repeating for 2-5 times;
the auxiliary agent comprises a buffer salt system, an activating agent and a flocculating agent; the buffer salt system is a mixed system of one or more buffer systems of sodium carbonate/sodium bicarbonate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate/disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium chloride/sodium citrate; the activating agent is one or more of ferrous sulfate, aluminum oxide, alum and sodium alginate; the flocculating agent is one or more of polymeric alumina, polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol.
The preparation process of the ecological self-repairing photo-thermal microbial floating plate comprises the following steps:
(1) adding a flocculating agent and an activating agent into water to enable the mass concentration of the flocculating agent and the activating agent to be 10-20% and 1-5% respectively, heating the mixture in a water bath to 80-85 ℃, adding expanded carbon black, uniformly stirring, cooling to room temperature, and standing for 4-6 hours to obtain a matrix solution A;
(2) adding a buffer salt system into the matrix solution A, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the pH to 7.1-8.4 to obtain a matrix solution B;
(3) dropwise adding 10-30 parts of saccharomycetes, 20-40 parts of bacillus subtilis, 20-40 parts of bacillus megatherium, 10-30 parts of lactococcus lactis and 10-30 parts of escherichia coli into the matrix solution B through a peristaltic pump, heating to 30-40 ℃, stirring at a speed of 600-800 r/min, fully stirring for 12-24 hours, and carrying out cross-linking standing for 24 hours to obtain an expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel material;
(4) and (2) under the condition of 30-40 ℃, placing the floatable plate into the expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel to be soaked for 30 +/-5 minutes, pulling the floatable plate in the soaking process, drying the floatable plate at a low temperature after soaking is finished, then placing the floatable plate into the expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel again to be soaked, drying at the low temperature after soaking is finished, repeating the drying for 3-5 times, and keeping the thickness of the expanded carbon black-microorganism gel on the surface of the floatable plate to be 2-5 mm to prepare the water self-repairing ecological photo-thermal microorganism floatable plate.
The invention has the advantages that the coating formed by the expanded carbon black and the microorganism bacteria can generate light and heat, a good living environment is created for the microorganism, when the polluted water body floats, the microorganism efficiently constructs a microorganism food chain, silkworm eats organic matters, and reduces eutrophic water body, thereby realizing the purpose of self-repairing of the water body. The microbial floating plate has low manufacturing cost, is convenient and efficient to use, and can greatly reduce the sewage treatment cost.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art and by conventional means without departing from the spirit of the method of the invention described above.
Example 1
Step 1: and (4) preparing the microbial bacteria.
Respectively taking out yeast, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium and lactococcus lactis by an inoculation method, putting the yeast, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus megaterium and the lactococcus lactis into corresponding liquid culture media, culturing for 3 days, wherein the culture temperature of the yeast is 36 ℃, the culture temperature of the bacillus subtilis is 31 ℃, the culture temperature of the lactococcus lactis is 29 ℃, the culture temperature of escherichia coli is 36.5 ℃, and packaging and storing for later use after the culture is finished.
Step 2: preparation of expanded carbon blacks
Placing the expandable carbon black into a microwave oven, heating and expanding for 20s under the condition of 900W, and repeating for 3 times to obtain the product.
And step 3: and (3) preparing an ecological self-repairing photo-thermal microbial floating plate.
(1) Adding polymeric aluminum oxide and sodium alginate into water to ensure that the mass concentration of the polymeric aluminum oxide and the sodium alginate is 12 percent and 2 percent respectively, heating the mixture in a water bath to 80 ℃, adding expanded carbon black to ensure that the mass concentration of the expanded carbon black is 20 percent, uniformly stirring the mixture, cooling the mixture to room temperature and standing the mixture for 4 hours to obtain a matrix solution A.
(2) Adding a sodium dihydrogen phosphate/disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer solution into the matrix solution A, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the pH to 7.5 to obtain a matrix solution B.
(3) 15 parts of saccharomycetes, 25 parts of bacillus subtilis, 20 parts of bacillus megaterium and 20 parts of lactococcus lactis are dripped into the matrix solution B through a peristaltic pump, the temperature is raised to 32 ℃, the stirring speed is 800r/min, the mixture is fully stirred for 20 hours, and the mixture is placed for 24 hours in a cross-linking manner to obtain an expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel material, so that the content of microorganisms reaches 3 hundred million/ml.
(4) And (2) soaking the polyurethane hard foam board in the expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel for 30 minutes at 32 ℃, lifting the floating board in the soaking process, drying the floating board at a low temperature after soaking, then soaking the floating board in the expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel again, drying at a low temperature after soaking, repeating for 5 times, and keeping the thickness of the expanded carbon black-microorganism gel on the surface of the floating board to be not less than 5mm to prepare the water self-repairing ecological photo-thermal microorganism floating board.
The microbial floating plate prepared in example 1 was put into sewage, and the concentration and chromaticity of pollutants were measured as shown in table 1 below after 3 days of self-purification.
Table 1 comparison of pollutant and chromaticity data before and after treating sewage in example 1
Waste water | COD(ppm) | SS(ppm) | Ammonia nitrogen (ppm) | Color intensity |
Before treatment | 265 | 51 | 32 | 60 |
After treatment | 26 | 6 | 4 | 8 |
Example 2
Step 1: and (4) preparing the microbial bacteria.
Respectively taking out yeast, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium and lactococcus lactis by an inoculation method, putting the yeast, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus megaterium and the lactococcus lactis into corresponding liquid culture media, culturing for 3 days, wherein the culture temperature of the yeast is 36 ℃, the culture temperature of the bacillus subtilis is 31 ℃, the culture temperature of the lactococcus lactis is 29 ℃, the culture temperature of escherichia coli is 36.5 ℃, and packaging and storing for later use after the culture is finished.
Step 2: preparation of expanded carbon blacks
Placing the expandable carbon black into a microwave oven, heating and expanding for 20s under the condition of 900W, and repeating for 3 times to obtain the product.
And step 3: and (3) preparing an ecological self-repairing photo-thermal microbial floating plate.
(1) Adding polyvinyl alcohol and alumina into water to make their mass concentrations respectively be 10% and 2%, heating water to 80 deg.C, adding expansion carbon black to make its mass concentration be 25%, uniformly stirring, cooling to room temperature and standing for 4 hr to obtain matrix solution A.
(2) And adding a sodium chloride/sodium citrate buffer solution into the matrix solution, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the pH to 7.6 to obtain a matrix solution B.
(3) 15 parts of saccharomycetes, 25 parts of bacillus subtilis, 20 parts of bacillus megaterium and 20 parts of lactococcus lactis are dropwise added into the matrix solution B through a peristaltic pump, the temperature is increased to 30 ℃, the stirring speed is 800r/min, the mixture is fully stirred for 20 hours, and the mixture is placed for 24 hours in a cross-linking mode to obtain an expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel material, so that the content of microorganisms reaches 3 hundred million/ml.
(4) And (2) soaking the polystyrene foam plate in the expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel for 30 minutes at 35 ℃, pulling the floating plate in the soaking process, drying the floating plate at a low temperature after soaking is finished, then soaking the floating plate in the expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel again, drying at a low temperature after soaking is finished, repeating for 5 times, and keeping the thickness of the expanded carbon black-microorganism gel on the surface of the floating plate to be not less than 3mm to prepare the water body ecological self-repairing photo-thermal microorganism floating plate.
The microbial floating plate prepared in example 2 was put into sewage, and the following parameters, such as the concentration of pollutants and the chromaticity, were set as shown in table 2, after 3 days of self-purification.
Table 2 example 2 comparison of pollutant and chromaticity data before and after treatment of sewage
Waste water | COD(ppm) | SS(ppm) | Ammonia nitrogen (ppm) | Color intensity |
Before treatment | 149 | 40 | 40 | 50 |
After treatment | 46 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
Example 3
Step 1: and (4) preparing the microbial bacteria.
Respectively taking out yeast, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium and lactococcus lactis by an inoculation method, putting the yeast, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus megaterium and the lactococcus lactis into corresponding liquid culture media, culturing for 3 days, wherein the culture temperature of the yeast is 36 ℃, the culture temperature of the bacillus subtilis is 31 ℃, the culture temperature of the lactococcus lactis is 29 ℃, the culture temperature of escherichia coli is 36.5 ℃, and packaging and storing for later use after the culture is finished.
Step 2: preparation of expanded carbon blacks
Placing the expandable carbon black into a microwave oven, heating and expanding for 20s under the condition of 900W, and repeating for 3 times to obtain the product.
And step 3: and (3) preparing an ecological self-repairing photo-thermal microbial floating plate.
(1) Adding polyacrylamide and alum into water to make their mass concentrations respectively be 10% and 1%, heating water to 80 deg.C, adding expanded carbon black to make its mass concentration be 22%, uniformly stirring, cooling to room temperature and standing for 4 hr to obtain matrix solution A.
(2) And adding a sodium carbonate/sodium bicarbonate buffer solution into the matrix solution, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the pH to 7.4 to obtain a matrix solution B.
(3) And (2) dropwise adding 20 parts of saccharomycetes, 20 parts of bacillus subtilis, 20 parts of bacillus megaterium and 20 parts of lactococcus lactis into the matrix solution B through a peristaltic pump, heating to 35 ℃, stirring at the speed of 800r/min for 20 hours, fully stirring, and carrying out crosslinking standing for 24 hours to obtain the expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel material, wherein the content of the microorganisms reaches 2.5 hundred million/ml.
(4) And (2) soaking the polyethylene foam plate in the expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel for 30 minutes at 35 ℃, lifting the floating plate in the soaking process, drying the floating plate at a low temperature after soaking, then soaking the floating plate in the expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel again, drying at a low temperature after soaking, repeating for 4 times, and keeping the thickness of the expanded carbon black-microorganism gel on the surface of the floating plate to be not less than 4mm to prepare the water self-repairing ecological photo-thermal microorganism floating plate.
The microbial floating plate prepared in example 3 was put into sewage, and the concentration and chromaticity of pollutants were measured as shown in table 2 below after 3 days of self-purification.
Table 3 comparison of pollutant and chromaticity data before and after treating sewage in example 3
Waste water | COD(ppm) | SS(ppm) | Ammonia nitrogen (ppm) | Color intensity |
Before treatment | 101 | 41 | 31 | 40 |
After treatment | 21 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
Example 4
Step 1: and (4) preparing the microbial bacteria.
Respectively taking out yeast, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium and lactococcus lactis by an inoculation method, putting the yeast, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus megaterium and the lactococcus lactis into corresponding liquid culture media, culturing for 3 days, wherein the culture temperature of the yeast is 36 ℃, the culture temperature of the bacillus subtilis is 31 ℃, the culture temperature of the lactococcus lactis is 29 ℃, the culture temperature of escherichia coli is 36.5 ℃, and packaging and storing for later use after the culture is finished.
Step 2: preparation of expanded carbon blacks
Placing the expandable carbon black into a microwave oven, heating and expanding for 20s under the condition of 900W, and repeating for 3 times to obtain the product.
And step 3: and (3) preparing an ecological self-repairing photo-thermal microbial floating plate.
(1) Adding polyvinyl alcohol and alumina into water to make their mass concentrations respectively be 10% and 2%, heating water to 80 deg.C, adding expansion carbon black to make its mass concentration be 20%, stirring uniformly, cooling to room temperature and standing for 4 hr to obtain matrix solution A.
(2) And adding a sodium chloride/sodium citrate buffer solution into the matrix solution, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the pH to 7.6 to obtain a matrix solution B.
(3) Dripping 20 parts of microzyme, 20 parts of bacillus subtilis, 20 parts of bacillus megaterium and 20 parts of lactococcus lactis into the matrix solution B through a peristaltic pump, heating to 30 ℃, stirring at the speed of 800r/min, fully stirring for 20 hours, and standing for 24 hours in a cross-linking manner to obtain an expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel material, wherein the content of microorganisms reaches 3.5 hundred million/ml
(4) And (2) soaking polyvinyl chloride in the expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel for 30 minutes at 35 ℃, lifting the floating plate in the soaking process, drying the floating plate at a low temperature after soaking is finished, then soaking the floating plate in the expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel again, drying at a low temperature after soaking is finished, repeating for 5 times, and keeping the thickness of the expanded carbon black-microorganism gel on the surface of the floating plate to be not less than 4mm to prepare the water body ecological self-repairing photothermal microorganism floating plate.
The microbial floating plate prepared in example 4 was put into sewage, and the parameters of the concentration of pollutants, the chromaticity, and the like after 3 days of self-purification were as shown in table 4 below.
Table 4 example 4 comparison of pollutant and color data before and after treatment of sewage
Waste water | COD(ppm) | SS(ppm) | Ammonia nitrogen (ppm) | Color intensity |
Before treatment | 201 | 82 | 45 | 40 |
After treatment | 15 | 8 | 7 | 8 |
Claims (1)
1. A water body ecological self-repairing photo-thermal microbial floating plate is characterized in that a layer of self-repairing photo-thermal microbial floating plate consisting of photo-thermal conversion materials is coated on the surface of a floatable plate; the photothermal conversion material comprises microbial bacteria, expanded carbon black and other auxiliary agents;
the floatable plate is one of a polystyrene foam plate, a polyurethane foam plate, a polyvinyl chloride foam plate and a polyethylene foam plate, and the floatable plate is 1m long, 0.5m wide and 5cm thick;
the microbial strain is composed of multiple strains according to a certain weight part, 10-30 parts of saccharomycetes, 20-40 parts of bacillus subtilis, 20-40 parts of bacillus megatherium and 10-30 parts of lactococcus lactis; each strain was prepared as follows: respectively taking out saccharomycetes, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium and lactococcus lactis, putting the saccharomycetes, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus megaterium and the lactococcus lactis into corresponding liquid culture media, culturing for 2-4 days at the culture temperature of 28-38 ℃, and packaging and warehousing for later use after the culture is finished;
the expandable carbon black is obtained by heating and expanding expandable carbon black at a high temperature of 800-1000 ℃ for 10-60 s, and repeating for 2-5 times;
the auxiliary agent comprises a buffer salt system, an activating agent and a flocculating agent; the buffer salt system is a mixed system of one or more buffer systems of sodium carbonate/sodium bicarbonate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate/disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium chloride/sodium citrate; the activating agent is one or more of ferrous sulfate, aluminum oxide, alum and sodium alginate; the flocculating agent is one or more of polymeric alumina, polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol;
the water body ecological self-repairing photo-thermal microbial floating plate is prepared by the following method: (1) adding a flocculating agent and an activating agent into water to enable the mass concentration of the flocculating agent and the activating agent to be 10-20% and 1-5% respectively, heating the mixture in a water bath to 80-85 ℃, adding expanded carbon black, uniformly stirring, cooling to room temperature, and standing for 4-6 hours to obtain a matrix solution A;
(2) adding a buffer salt system into the matrix solution A, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the pH to 7.1-8.4 to obtain a matrix solution B;
(3) dropwise adding 10-30 parts of saccharomycetes, 20-40 parts of bacillus subtilis, 20-40 parts of bacillus megatherium and 10-30 parts of lactococcus lactis into the matrix solution B through a peristaltic pump, heating to 30-40 ℃, stirring at a speed of 600-800 r/min, fully stirring for 12-24 hours, and placing for 24 hours in a cross-linking manner to obtain an expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel material;
(4) and (2) under the condition of 30-40 ℃, placing the floatable plate into the expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel to be soaked for 30 +/-5 minutes, pulling the floatable plate in the soaking process, drying the floatable plate at a low temperature after soaking is finished, then placing the floatable plate into the expanded carbon black-microorganism mixed gel again to be soaked, drying at the low temperature after soaking is finished, repeating the drying for 3-5 times, and keeping the thickness of the expanded carbon black-microorganism gel on the surface of the floatable plate to be 2-5 mm to prepare the water self-repairing ecological photo-thermal microorganism floatable plate.
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CN106542645A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-03-29 | 天津市水利科学研究院 | There is the microorganism contamination governing method of the manufacture method and microorganism pollution treatment generation system of system and microorganism pollution treatment microbial inoculum in microorganism pollution treatment |
CN107118395A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-01 | 湖北大学 | A kind of carbon-based photothermal conversion film and its preparation method and application and a kind of photothermal conversion device |
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CN106542645A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-03-29 | 天津市水利科学研究院 | There is the microorganism contamination governing method of the manufacture method and microorganism pollution treatment generation system of system and microorganism pollution treatment microbial inoculum in microorganism pollution treatment |
CN107118395A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-01 | 湖北大学 | A kind of carbon-based photothermal conversion film and its preparation method and application and a kind of photothermal conversion device |
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