CN107581041B - A kind of control method of Chinese prickly ash leaf spot - Google Patents
A kind of control method of Chinese prickly ash leaf spot Download PDFInfo
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- CN107581041B CN107581041B CN201710833302.0A CN201710833302A CN107581041B CN 107581041 B CN107581041 B CN 107581041B CN 201710833302 A CN201710833302 A CN 201710833302A CN 107581041 B CN107581041 B CN 107581041B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of control methods of Chinese prickly ash leaf spot, belong to plant pest management technical field.The present invention by disease-resistant variety hardening treatment, apply nutrition fertilizer, spray composition prevents and treats three steps and realizes the prevention and treatment of leaf spot.To spray composition after Chinese prickly ash fertilising, the composition of different doses is sprayed for different incidences, plays the effect suited the remedy to the case, it can't be because of the excessive or very few underproduction for causing Chinese prickly ash or the exacerbation of disease of dose.Leaf spot incidence is 8.19%~9.54% in the present invention, weeds incidence be 1.79%~2.17%, disease-controlling effect be 94.58%~96.17%, 940~948kg/ mus of per mu yield, it compares and compares 700kg/ mus of per mu yield volume increase 34.3%~35.4%, remarkable in economical benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant pest management technical fields, and in particular to a kind of control method of Chinese prickly ash leaf spot.
Background technique
Chinese prickly ash (scientific name: Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.) is Rutaceae, Zanthoxylum defoliation small arbor, Gao Ke
Up to 7 meters；Thorn on stem, branch have short thorn, and annual shoot is by pubescence.The timber of Chinese prickly ash be it is typical faint yellow, be exposed to air
Middle color slightly deepens Huang, and the difference of heart sapwood is unobvious, and xylem structure is dense, and uniformly, longitudal section has thin,tough silk matter gloss, and big material has beauty
Art technique value.Isolated planting can make protection thorn hedge again.Its pericarp can be used as seasoning, and extractable aromatic oil, and can be used as medicine, seed
It is edible, production soap also can be processed.Chinese prickly ash is used as Chinese medicine, has middle benefit gas promoting the circulation of qi, by cold, analgesic, desinsection and other effects.It is cold to control stomach abdomen
Bitterly, the diseases such as vomiting, diarrhea, blood fluke, roundworm.Make epidermis anesthetic again.Currently, the per mu yield of Chinese prickly ash reaches 1000 jin of left sides per acre
The right side can meet the needs of people are to Chinese prickly ash.But the various diseases of Chinese prickly ash seriously constrain the development of Chinese prickly ash industry, so that flower
The yield of green pepper has and largely reduces, and the leaf spot of Chinese prickly ash is to endanger a kind of Common Diseases of Chinese prickly ash.It leads in the prior art
It to be directed to the prevention and treatment of Pricklyash Ruct, anthracnose, die-back, it is less to introducing for leaf spot.
Chinese prickly ash leaf spot main harm blade, causes to fall leaves in advance, influences photosynthesis.Early stage is killed blade table
There are several dotted chlorosis spots in face, and later scab gradually becomes grey to the small round spot of taupe, with the expansion of scab, edge
Color burn, brown or black, central canescence have unconspicuous pore, the i.e. mitogenetic spore of pathogen on later period scab
Sub- heap.Control method generally directed to Chinese prickly ash leaf spot be early stage spray 1:1:200 times Bordeaux mixture or 65% it is wettable
Property 300 times of liquid of zineb.Autumn eliminates green pepper woods (garden) fallen leaves, wipes out disease deadwood, and concentration is burnt or buried.This processing method is long
Time-triggered protocol can make germ develop drug resistance, and concentration, which is burnt, certain pollution is caused to environment, and the protection for environment is
It is very unfavorable.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of no pollution to the environment, control efficiency is good, can greatly improve Chinese prickly ash yield
The control method of Chinese prickly ash leaf spot.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following scheme.
A kind of control method of Chinese prickly ash leaf spot, includes the following steps:
1) selection resistance is planted, and resistance needs to carry out hardening treatment before planting, to improve Chinese prickly ash
To the resistance of low temperature and strong wind；The Chinese prickly ash hardening treatment is that Chinese prickly ash tissue-cultured seedling is transplanted into progress hardening training in hardening disk
It supports 22~27 days, temperature is 15~18 DEG C；Tissue-cultured seedling is subjected to potting after hardening culture, then with 65% wettable zineb
300 times of liquid sprinkle profoundly water, and keep air humidity 65%~72%, field management is carried out after 35~40 days；Contain in the hardening disk
By leaf mould, potassium humate, nursery vermiculite, perlite, 300 times of liquid of wettable zineb according to 1~4:2 of mass ratio~5:2~
5:4~7:10~15 are uniformly mixed hardening matrix made of configuration；
2) by after step 1) hardening treatment Chinese prickly ash seed plant after apply nutrition fertilizer A, the nutrition fertilizer A the early spring 10~
It applies fertilizer after 15 days, it is primary every fertilising in 10~12 days, it applies fertilizer 4~5 times；The nutrition fertilizer A by following parts by weight original
Material composition: 68~73 parts of rotted pig manure, 44~49 parts of modification potato slag, 42~45 parts of defatted soy flour, swelling perlite powder
Last 42~45 parts, 20~27 parts of corn stalk powder, 17~23 parts of humic acid powder, 14~18 parts of bio-bacterial manure, microelement 3~7
Part；
3) the spray composition I after the fertilising of Chinese prickly ash seedling, interval half a day spray composition ii again, wherein composition I with combine
The volumetric concentration ratio of object ii is 3~5:2；Early stage sprays 40wt% composition I and 35wt% composition ii, sprays every 8 days
Primary, spray composition I and composition ii when falling ill serious are spilt, it is primary every sprinkling in 5 days；The composition I is by smilax
Extract and Cortex Dictamni extract are formed according to the ratio of mass ratio 3~4:0.8~1.5；The composition ii is by pyrazoles ether bacterium
Ester, zineb, potassium dihydrogen phosphate are formed according to 2~7:3 of weight ratio~5:1 ratio；The smilax or Cortex Dictamni extract
The preparation method comprises the following steps: smilax or cortex dictamni are added water boiling and extraction 3 times of 16~20 times of amounts, every time 2.5~3.5h, filtering,
The another device storage of gained filtrate, filtered residue is continued to extract 2 times, filtering merges filtrate twice, so that filtrate is concentrated into 40
DEG C when relative density be 2.5~3.2, it is dry, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae extract or Cortex Dictamni extract can be obtained.
Further, the mass concentration of 300 times of liquid of wettable zineb in the step 1) in hardening matrix is 65%.
Further, leaf mould, potassium humate, nursery vermiculite, perlite, wettable in hardening matrix in the step 1)
The quality proportioning of 300 times of liquid of zineb is 3:4:4:6:13.
Preferably, the nutrition fertilizer A in the step 2) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 71 parts of rotted pig manure changes
47 parts of potato residues of property, 43 parts of defatted soy flour, 43 parts of perlite powder, 24 parts of corn stalk powder, 20 parts of humic acid powder,
16 parts of bio-bacterial manure, 5 parts of microelement.
Compared with prior art, advantageous effects of the invention:
1) select resistance and carry out hardening treatment and can significantly improve the disease resistance of Chinese prickly ash, enhance its to low temperature and
The resistivity of strong wind.Since the season disease of Chinese prickly ash leaf spot strong wind in the fall is more serious, the serious Chinese prickly ash that constrains
Increase of production carries out hardening treatment to it, can its obvious resistance.Combine other matrix as nursery base using potassium humate
Matter can improve soil, the anti-adversity ability for promoting plant growth, the breathing for improving crop and photosynthesis, enhancing crop, improve
Crop quality, protection agroecological environment, increase cation exchange capacity (CEC) and the fertilizer-preserving ability of soil to adsorb and exchange plant
Nutrition improves fertilizer slow, increases the fertilizer and water conservation capacity of soil.
2) to spray composition after Chinese prickly ash fertilising, the composition of different doses is sprayed for different incidences, is played
The effect suited the remedy to the case, can't because of the excessive or very few underproduction for causing Chinese prickly ash or the exacerbation of disease of dose.And
And the composition is other than the effect of prevention and treatment Chinese prickly ash leaf spot, additionally it is possible to supplement the nutrients to Chinese prickly ash, promote it to nutriment
It absorbs, effectively raises the yield of crop.Leaf spot incidence is 8.19%~9.54% in the present invention, and weeds incidence is
1.79%~2.17%, disease-controlling effect is 94.58%~96.17%, and 940~948kg/ mus of per mu yield, compare control
700kg/ mus of per mu yield volume increase 34.3%~35.4%, remarkable in economical benefits.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated.It should be appreciated that this hair
Bright embodiment is not limited by the following examples, and accommodation and/or change in any form made for the present invention all will
Fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of control method of Chinese prickly ash leaf spot, includes the following steps:
1) selection resistance is planted, and resistance needs to carry out hardening treatment before planting, to improve Chinese prickly ash
To the resistance of low temperature and strong wind；The Chinese prickly ash hardening treatment is that Chinese prickly ash tissue-cultured seedling is transplanted into progress hardening training in hardening disk
It supports 22 days, temperature is 15 DEG C；Tissue-cultured seedling is subjected to potting after hardening culture, then with 65% 300 times of liquid of wettable zineb
It sprinkles profoundly water, keeps air humidity 65%, field management is carried out after 35 days；In the hardening disk containing by leaf mould, potassium humate,
Nursery vermiculite, perlite, 65% wettable zineb, 300 times of liquid are uniformly mixed made of configuration according to mass ratio 1:2:2:4:10
Hardening matrix；
2) nutrition fertilizer A is applied after planting the Chinese prickly ash seed after step 1) hardening treatment, the nutrition fertilizer A was at the early spring 10 days
After apply fertilizer, it is primary every fertilising in 10 days, apply fertilizer 4 times；The nutrition fertilizer A is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: decomposed
68 parts of pig manure, 44 parts of modification potato slag, 42 parts of defatted soy flour, 42 parts of perlite powder, 20 parts of corn stalk powder, corruption
Grow 17 parts of sour powder, 14 parts of bio-bacterial manure, 3 parts of microelement；
3) the spray composition I after the fertilising of Chinese prickly ash seedling, interval half a day spray composition ii again, wherein composition I with combine
The volumetric concentration ratio of object ii is 3:2；Early stage sprays 40wt% composition I and 35wt% composition ii, sprays one every 8 days
Secondary, spray composition I and composition ii when falling ill serious are primary every sprinkling in 5 days；The composition I is extracted by smilax
Object and Cortex Dictamni extract are formed according to the ratio of mass ratio 3:0.8；The composition ii is by pyraclostrobin, zineb, phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium is formed according to the ratio of weight ratio 2:3:1；The smilax or Cortex Dictamni extract the preparation method comprises the following steps: by native Fu
Siberian cocklebur or cortex dictamni add water boiling and extraction 3 times, each 2.5h of 16 times of amounts, and filtering, the another device storage of gained filtrate will be filtered residual
Slag continues to extract 2 times, and filtering merges filtrate twice, so that relative density when filtrate is concentrated into 40 DEG C is 2.5, it is dry
Obtain Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae extract or Cortex Dictamni extract.
Embodiment 2
A kind of control method of Chinese prickly ash leaf spot, includes the following steps:
1) selection resistance is planted, and resistance needs to carry out hardening treatment before planting, to improve Chinese prickly ash
To the resistance of low temperature and strong wind；The Chinese prickly ash hardening treatment is that Chinese prickly ash tissue-cultured seedling is transplanted into progress hardening training in hardening disk
It supports 25 days, temperature is 16 DEG C；Tissue-cultured seedling is subjected to potting after hardening culture, then with 65% 300 times of liquid of wettable zineb
It sprinkles profoundly water, keeps air humidity 69%, field management is carried out after 38 days；In the hardening disk containing by leaf mould, potassium humate,
Nursery vermiculite, perlite, 65% wettable zineb, 300 times of liquid are uniformly mixed made of configuration according to mass ratio 3:4:4:6:13
Hardening matrix；
2) nutrition fertilizer A is applied after planting the Chinese prickly ash seed after step 1) hardening treatment, the nutrition fertilizer A was at the early spring 13 days
After apply fertilizer, it is primary every fertilising in 11 days, apply fertilizer 4 times；The nutrition fertilizer A is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: decomposed
71 parts of pig manure, 47 parts of modification potato slag, 43 parts of defatted soy flour, 43 parts of perlite powder, 24 parts of corn stalk powder, corruption
Grow 20 parts of sour powder, 16 parts of bio-bacterial manure, 5 parts of microelement；
3) the spray composition I after the fertilising of Chinese prickly ash seedling, interval half a day spray composition ii again, wherein composition I with combine
The volumetric concentration ratio of object ii is 4:2；Early stage sprays 40wt% composition I and 35wt% composition ii, sprays one every 8 days
Secondary, spray composition I and composition ii when falling ill serious are primary every sprinkling in 5 days；The composition I is extracted by smilax
Object and Cortex Dictamni extract are formed according to the ratio of mass ratio 3.5:1.1；The composition ii by pyraclostrobin, zineb,
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is formed according to the ratio of weight ratio 5:4:1；The smilax or Cortex Dictamni extract the preparation method comprises the following steps: by native
Poria cocos or cortex dictamni add water boiling and extraction 3 times, each 3h of 18 times of amounts, and filtering, the another device storage of gained filtrate will be filtered residual
Slag continues to extract 2 times, and filtering merges filtrate twice, so that relative density when filtrate is concentrated into 40 DEG C is 2.9, it is dry
Obtain Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae extract or Cortex Dictamni extract.
Embodiment 3
A kind of control method of Chinese prickly ash leaf spot, includes the following steps:
1) selection resistance is planted, and resistance needs to carry out hardening treatment before planting, to improve Chinese prickly ash
To the resistance of low temperature and strong wind；The Chinese prickly ash hardening treatment is that Chinese prickly ash tissue-cultured seedling is transplanted into progress hardening training in hardening disk
It supports 27 days, temperature is 18 DEG C；Tissue-cultured seedling is subjected to potting after hardening culture, then with 65% 300 times of liquid of wettable zineb
It sprinkles profoundly water, keeps air humidity 72%, field management is carried out after 40 days；In the hardening disk containing by leaf mould, potassium humate,
Nursery vermiculite, perlite, 65% wettable zineb, 300 times of liquid are uniformly mixed made of configuration according to mass ratio 4:5:5:7:15
Hardening matrix；
2) nutrition fertilizer A is applied after planting the Chinese prickly ash seed after step 1) hardening treatment, the nutrition fertilizer A was at the early spring 15 days
After apply fertilizer, it is primary every fertilising in 12 days, apply fertilizer 5 times；The nutrition fertilizer A is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: decomposed
73 parts of pig manure, 49 parts of modification potato slag, 45 parts of defatted soy flour, 45 parts of perlite powder, 27 parts of corn stalk powder, corruption
Grow 23 parts of sour powder, 18 parts of bio-bacterial manure, 7 parts of microelement；
3) the spray composition I after the fertilising of Chinese prickly ash seedling, interval half a day spray composition ii again, wherein composition I with combine
The volumetric concentration ratio of object ii is 5:2；Early stage sprays 40wt% composition I and 35wt% composition ii, sprays one every 8 days
Secondary, spray composition I and composition ii when falling ill serious are primary every sprinkling in 5 days；The composition I is extracted by smilax
Object and Cortex Dictamni extract are formed according to the ratio of mass ratio 4:1.5；The composition ii is by pyraclostrobin, zineb, phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium is formed according to the ratio of weight ratio 7:5:1；The smilax or Cortex Dictamni extract the preparation method comprises the following steps: by native Fu
Siberian cocklebur or cortex dictamni add water boiling and extraction 3 times, each 3.5h of 20 times of amounts, and filtering, the another device storage of gained filtrate will be filtered residual
Slag continues to extract 2 times, and filtering merges filtrate twice, so that relative density when filtrate is concentrated into 40 DEG C is 3.2, it is dry
Obtain Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae extract or Cortex Dictamni extract.
Experimental example
For the present invention to the control efficiency of Chinese prickly ash leaf spot, following comparative testing is made, as shown in table 1:
As seen from the above table, leaf spot incidence of the present invention be 8.19%~9.54%, weeds incidence be 1.79%~
2.17%, disease-controlling effect is 94.58%~96.17%, 940~948kg/ mus of per mu yield, increases production 34.3%~35.4%,
Remarkable in economical benefits.
The present invention can be summarized with others without prejudice to the concrete form of spirit or essential characteristics of the invention.No matter from which
From the point of view of a bit, the embodiment above of the invention can only all be considered the description of the invention and cannot limit the present invention, right
Claim indicates the scope of the present invention, therefore, with the comparable meaning and scope of claims of the present invention in it is any
Change, is all considered as being included within Claims scope.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of control method of Chinese prickly ash leaf spot, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
1) selection resistance is planted, and resistance needs to carry out hardening treatment before planting, to improve Chinese prickly ash to low
The resistance of mild strong wind；The Chinese prickly ash hardening treatment is that Chinese prickly ash tissue-cultured seedling is transplanted into progress hardening culture 22 in hardening disk
~27 days, temperature was 15~18 DEG C；Tissue-cultured seedling is subjected to potting after hardening culture, then with 65% wettable zineb 300
Times liquid sprinkles profoundly water, and keeps air humidity 65%~72%, field management is carried out after 35~40 days；Containing by corruption in the hardening disk
Leaf soil, potassium humate, nursery vermiculite, perlite, 300 times of liquid of wettable zineb according to 1~4:2 of mass ratio~5:2~5:4~
7:10~15 are uniformly mixed hardening matrix made of configuration；
2) nutrition fertilizer A is applied after planting the Chinese prickly ash seed after step 1) hardening treatment, the nutrition fertilizer A was at the early spring 10~15 days
After apply fertilizer, it is primary every fertilising in 10~12 days, apply fertilizer 4~5 times；The nutrition fertilizer A by following parts by weight raw material group
At: 68~73 parts of rotted pig manure, 44~49 parts of modification potato slag, 42~45 parts of defatted soy flour, perlite powder 42
~45 parts, 20~27 parts of corn stalk powder, 17~23 parts of humic acid powder, 14~18 parts of bio-bacterial manure, 3~7 parts of microelement；
3) the spray composition I after the fertilising of Chinese prickly ash seedling, interval half a day spray composition ii again, wherein composition I and composition ii
Volumetric concentration ratio be 3~5:2；Early stage sprays 40wt% composition I and 35wt% composition ii, sprays one every 8 days
Secondary, spray composition I and composition ii when falling ill serious are primary every sprinkling in 5 days；The composition I is extracted by smilax
Object and Cortex Dictamni extract are formed according to the ratio of mass ratio 3~4:0.8~1.5；The composition ii is by pyraclostrobin, generation
Gloomy zinc, potassium dihydrogen phosphate are formed according to 2~7:3 of weight ratio~5:1 ratio；The preparation of the smilax or Cortex Dictamni extract
Method are as follows: add smilax or cortex dictamni water boiling and extraction 3 times of 16~20 times of amounts, 2.5~3.5h, filtering, gained are filtered every time
Liquid another device storage, filtered residue is continued to extract 2 times, and filtering merges filtrate twice, so that when filtrate is concentrated into 40 DEG C
Relative density is 2.5~3.2, dry, can obtain Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae extract or Cortex Dictamni extract.
2. a kind of control method of Chinese prickly ash leaf spot according to claim 1, it is characterised in that hardening in the step 1)
The mass concentration of 300 times of liquid of wettable zineb in matrix is 65%.
3. a kind of control method of Chinese prickly ash leaf spot according to claim 1, it is characterised in that hardening in the step 1)
Leaf mould in matrix, potassium humate, nursery vermiculite, perlite, 300 times of liquid of wettable zineb quality proportioning be 3:4:4:6:
13。
4. a kind of control method of Chinese prickly ash leaf spot according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the battalion in the step 2)
It fats up A to be composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 71 parts of rotted pig manure, 47 parts of modification potato slag, 43 parts of defatted soy flour, expansion
43 parts of perlite powder, 24 parts of corn stalk powder, 20 parts of humic acid powder, 16 parts of bio-bacterial manure, 5 parts of microelement.
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| CN201710833302.0A CN107581041B (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2017-09-15 | A kind of control method of Chinese prickly ash leaf spot |
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| CN115486314B (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2024-04-26 | 陇南市经济林研究院花椒研究所 | Method for hardening seedlings of Chinese prickly ash tissue culture seedlings |
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