CN107570707A - Plasma increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting - Google Patents

Plasma increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107570707A
CN107570707A CN201711031476.1A CN201711031476A CN107570707A CN 107570707 A CN107570707 A CN 107570707A CN 201711031476 A CN201711031476 A CN 201711031476A CN 107570707 A CN107570707 A CN 107570707A
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China
Prior art keywords
plasma
laser
laser cutting
printing equipment
increases
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CN201711031476.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
戚文军
刘建业
牛留辉
黄文欢
高文华
徐卡里
关子民
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Guangdong Hanbang 3d Technology Co Ltd
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Guangdong Hanbang 3d Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711031476.1A priority Critical patent/CN107570707A/en
Publication of CN107570707A publication Critical patent/CN107570707A/en
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Abstract

A kind of plasma increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting, including:Plasma formation device, the plasma formation device produce high-energy-density plasma micro-arc, and are focused on the powder of output and entity component is shaped in forming table.Laser cutting device, the laser cutting device sends pulse or continuous laser is focused on the workpiece on the forming workbench;Control module is connected with the laser cutting device and plasma formation device respectively.Plasma provided by the invention increases material and the 3D printing equipment of laser cutting discharges plasma arc by plasma formation device, using thermal source of the plasma arc as 3D shaping printings, the efficiency that can melt powder improves more than 10~30 times, greatly improve the problem of forming efficiency existing for current 3D printing is low, simultaneously auxiliary laser cutting device passes through profile precision cutting of the laser to workpiece, the precision of raising 3D printing drip molding.

Description

Plasma increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting
Technical field
The invention belongs to 3D printing field, and in particular to a kind of 3D printing equipment.
Background technology
Increasing material manufacturing is 21 century representative advanced manufacturing technology, especially suitable traditional manufacturing technology be difficult to it is low into The labyrinth manufacture that sheet, high efficiency, low-loss are completed.Increasing material manufacturing according to CAD data successively add up material method manufacture Entity component, take material to accumulate forming face point by point, the increment accumulation printing part of body is built up as by face.With without mould, The features such as short cycle, high-performance, personalization and fast reaction, there is pole in industries such as health medical treatment, Aero-Space, Making molds Big proper value.At present, the more ripe metal increases material manufacturing technology of development mainly has precinct laser fusion (SLM), laser Net nearly shaping (LENS), electron beam melting deposition etc..
Existing metal parts manufacturing technique be using the high-energy-density beam spot such as laser beam or electron beam by metal dust by Hierarchy slicing data successively fused deposition, ultimately forms entity component.Due to laser beam (50 μm~70 μm) or electron beam (120 μ M~200 μm) beam spot size is small, 20~50 μm of thickness is successively melted, therefore powder sedimentation rate is low, usually 100~ 200mm3/ h, one small-sized precision part of printing need to take nearly 10 hours.
The content of the invention
In view of the foregoing, it is necessary to which a kind of plasma increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting, it is intended to improves existing The problem of 3D printing forming efficiency is relatively low.
Therefore, the invention provides the 3D printing equipment that a kind of plasma increases material and laser cutting, including gas shielded shaping Room and control module, forming workbench is provided with the gas shielded working chamber, the forming workbench, which is used to carry, successively to be accumulated The workpiece of shaping, in addition to:
Laser cutting device, the laser cutting device sends pulse or continuous laser is focused on the forming workbench Workpiece on;
Plasma formation device, including motion, plasma formation rifle, and be connected with the plasma formation rifle Plasma generator and dust feeder, the motion are arranged at the top of the forming workbench, the plasma formation Rifle is connected to the motion;
Control module, be connected respectively with the laser cutting device and plasma formation device, for control the grade from Sub- building mortion produces plasma micro-arc, and the plasma micro-arc is focused on the powder of the plasma formation rifle output in institute State and the workpiece is shaped on forming workbench;And for controlling the laser cutting device to enter the profile of the workpiece Row cutting.
Further, electrode and powder conveyor chamber are provided with the plasma formation rifle, the electrode and the powder are defeated Chamber is sent to be respectively arranged on the middle part and edge of the plasma formation rifle, the electrode is connected with a plasma generator, the powder Last conveyor chamber is connected with a powder feeder, and the plasma generator and powder feeder are arranged at outside the gas shielded working chamber.
Further, protection at least one pneumatic transmission air cavity and cooling water cavity are additionally provided with the plasma formation rifle, it is described Pneumatic transmission air cavity or the cooling water cavity is protected to be located at the inside of the plasma formation rifle.
Further, the plasma formation rifle provides the plasma micro-arc of forming process, the plasma micro-arc it is straight Footpath is 0.8mm~1.2mm, 500~1500mm of sedimentation rate3/ h, 50 μm~500 μm of deposit thickness.
Further, laser cutting device includes laser and scanning galvanometer, and the laser that the laser is sent is scanned After vibration mirror reflected deflection, focus on and move on the workpiece.
Preferably, the laser is continuous wave laser, and the wavelength of laser caused by the continuous wave laser is 1.06 micro- Rice, the spot diameter assembled on the workpiece is 50 μm~70 μm, and the power of the continuous wave laser is 40W~500W.
Preferably, the laser is pulse laser, and the pulse width of the pulse laser is 200ps~1ps, is gathered The burnt spot diameter in the workpiece is 10 μm~30 μm, and pulse peak power is more than 400MW, mean power 10W~100W.
Further, the 3D printing equipment is additionally provided with:
Vacuum suction device, for extracting the gas in the gas shielded working chamber;
Gas circulation purifier, for the gas described in circularly purifying in gas shielded working chamber;
Oxygen concentration survey meter, for detecting the oxygen concentration in the gas shielded working chamber.
Further, formation cylinder is additionally provided with the gas shielded working chamber, the forming workbench is located at the formation cylinder It is interior.
Further, the oxygen concentration in the gas shielded working chamber is less than 100ppm, and, the Forming Workpiece size For 250mm*250mm*300mm.
Compared to prior art, plasma provided by the invention increases material and the 3D printing equipment of laser cutting passes through plasma Building mortion discharges plasma, plasma is produced mechanical compress, hot compression and electromagnetic compression when passing through nozzle and forms height The plasma arc of energy density, the thermal source of printing is shaped as 3D using plasma arc, can improve the efficiency that powder melts More than 10~30 times, the problem of forming efficiency existing for current 3D printing is low is greatly improved, while auxiliary laser cutting fills The profile precision cutting to workpiece by laser is put, improves the precision of 3D printing drip molding.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, it is required in being described below to embodiment to use Accompanying drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, general for this area For logical technical staff, on the premise of not paying creative work, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation for the 3D printing equipment that plasma provided in an embodiment of the present invention increases material and laser cutting.
Fig. 2 is the plasma formation rifle for the 3D printing equipment that plasma provided in an embodiment of the present invention increases material and laser cutting Structural representation.
Main element symbol description:
Gas shielded working chamber 10
Plasma formation rifle 20
Motion 21
Protect source of the gas 22
Powder feeder 23
Plasma generator 24
Electrode 25
Protect pneumatic transmission air cavity 26
Powder conveyor chamber 27
Cooling water cavity 28
Gas circulation purifier 30
Vacuum suction device 40
Laser 50
Scanning galvanometer 51
Forming workbench 60
Formation cylinder 61
Workpiece 62
Following embodiment will combine above-mentioned accompanying drawing and further illustrate the present invention.
Embodiment
It is below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific real in order to be more clearly understood that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention Applying mode, the present invention will be described in detail.It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, presently filed embodiment and reality Applying the feature in mode can be mutually combined.Many details are elaborated in the following description in order to fully understand this hair Bright, described embodiment only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the present invention In embodiment, the every other implementation that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made Mode, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Unless otherwise defined, all of technologies and scientific terms used here by the article is with belonging to technical field of the invention The implication that technical staff is generally understood that is identical.Term used in the description of the invention herein is intended merely to description tool The purpose of the embodiment of body, it is not intended that in the limitation present invention.
In the various embodiments of the invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention for the ease of description, present patent application specification And the term " connection " used in claims is not limited to physics or mechanical connection, but electricity can be included Property connection, it is either directly or indirect.When component is referred to as " being fixed on " another component, it can be directly another On one component or there may also be component placed in the middle.When a component is considered as " connection " another component, it can be with It is directly to another component or may be simultaneously present component placed in the middle.When a component is considered as that " being arranged at " is another Individual component, it can be set directly on another component or may be simultaneously present component placed in the middle.Art used herein Language " vertical ", " horizontal ", "left", "right" and similar statement for illustrative purposes only, for representing relative position Relation is put, after the absolute position for being described object changes, then the relative position relation also correspondingly changes.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation for the 3D printing equipment that plasma provided in an embodiment of the present invention increases material and laser cutting. As shown in figure 1, a kind of plasma, which increases material and the 3D printing equipment of laser cutting, includes gas shielded working chamber 10, control module, swash Light cutting device and plasma formation device.
Forming workbench 60 is provided with gas shielded working chamber 10, the forming workbench 60 is used to carry successively stack shaping Workpiece 62.Wherein, the gas shielded working chamber 10 is preferably closed envelope chamber, is vacuum or the inertia of full predetermined concentration in it Gas.In present embodiment, the oxygen concentration in the gas shielded working chamber 10 is less than 100ppm, to avoid to metal dust or The oxidative damage of drip molding.The gas shielded working chamber 10 is substantially square, and the size of gas shielded working chamber 10 can be 650mm*500mm*800mm cube, forming dimension 250mm*250mm*300mm.It is understood that the gas shielded The shape of working chamber 10 can also be the shape of other any suitables, such as circle etc..In present embodiment, gas shielded working chamber Vacuum suction device 40, gas circulation purifier 30 and oxygen concentration survey meter are also provided with 10.Vacuum suction device 40 For extracting the gas in the gas shielded working chamber 10, vacuumize process is carried out to the gas shielded working chamber 10.Gas follows Ring purifier 30 is used for the gas described in circularly purifying in gas shielded working chamber 10.Oxygen concentration survey meter is used to detect the gas Protect the oxygen concentration in working chamber 10.The 3D printing device that present embodiment provides can enter in the argon atmosphere of closing OK, by the gas circulation purifier 30, can make the oxygen concentration in the gas shielded working chamber 10 control 100ppm with Under.
In addition, being additionally provided with formation cylinder 61 in the gas shielded working chamber 10, the forming workbench 60 is located at the shaping In cylinder 61.The forming workbench 60 is generally horizontally disposed, and workpiece 62 is placed on the forming workbench 60, the plasma Building mortion and laser cutting device are processed to the workpiece 62 on forming workbench 60.
Plasma formation device include motion 21, plasma formation rifle 20, and with the plasma formation rifle 20 The plasma generator 24 and powder feeder 23 of connection.Wherein, the plasma generator 24, powder feeder 23 be arranged at gas shielded into The outside of shape room 10, the motion 21 are arranged at the top of the forming workbench 60, and the plasma formation rifle 20 connects It is connected to the motion 21.Motion 21 can drive plasma formation rifle 20 to be moved along tri- directions of XYZ.This area skill Art personnel can realize that above-mentioned motion 21, such as the motion 21 can include hanging down along XY directions using various ways Two guide rails directly set, and the main shaft that can be moved up and down along Z axis, the end of main shaft are connected with plasma formation rifle 20, real The function of now driving plasma formation rifle 20 to be moved along tri- directions of XYZ.
Laser cutting device is used to produce high-power pulse laser or continuous laser to cut workpiece 62.Swash The Laser Focusing and move on the workpiece 62 on the forming workbench 60 that light cutting device is sent.In present embodiment, swash Light cutting device includes laser 50 and scanning galvanometer 51, the scanned reflection of galvanometer 51 deflection of the laser that the laser 50 is sent Afterwards, focus on and move and workpiece 62 is cut on the workpiece 62.In the present embodiment, the laser 50 is continuous Laser 50, the wavelength of the continuous wave laser 50 is 1.06 microns, and the spot diameter being gathered on the workpiece 62 can be The wavelength of any suitable in 50 μm~70 μm.In addition, the power of continuous wave laser is the work(of other any suitables in 40W~500W Rate.In other embodiment, the laser 50 is pulse laser.The pulse width of the pulse laser is 200ps~1ps, the spot diameter for being gathered in the workpiece 62 is 10 μm~30 μm, and pulse peak power is more than 400MW.It is described After the laser reflection that scanning galvanometer 51 is used to export in the laser 50 deflects, focus on and move on the workpiece 62, lead to Cross the scanning of the scanning galvanometer 51 so that the laser that the laser 50 exports is incident upon the workpiece 62 with predefined paths On, so as to cut the profile of workpiece 62.
Control module is connected with the laser cutting device and plasma formation device respectively, for controlling the laser to cut Turning device is cut the profile of the workpiece 62, and the control plasma formation device produces plasma micro-arc, institute State plasma micro-arc and focus on and shape the workpiece 62 on the powder of output on the forming workbench 60.
Fig. 2 is the plasma formation rifle for the 3D printing equipment that plasma provided in an embodiment of the present invention increases material and laser cutting 20 structural representation.As shown in Fig. 2 it is provided with electrode 25 and powder conveyor chamber 27 in the plasma formation rifle 20.
Wherein, the electrode 25 and the powder conveyor chamber 27 are respectively arranged on the middle part and side of the plasma formation rifle 20 Edge.The electrode 25 is connected with a plasma generator 24, for producing the plasma micro-arc of forming process.In present embodiment In, the diameter of the plasma micro-arc is preferably 0.8mm~1.2mm, and sedimentation rate is preferably 500~1500mm/h, deposition of thick 50 μm~500 μm of degree.
The powder conveyor chamber 27 is connected with a powder feeder 23.Powder feeder 23 connects plasma formation rifle 20 by powder feeding pipe Interior powder conveyor chamber 27.In forming process, the powder of storage is sent into powder conveyor chamber 27 by powder feeder 23, in output powder Focused in the process at end using plasma micro-arc and shape workpiece 62 on powder on forming workbench 60.In addition, this implementation In mode, protection pneumatic transmission air cavity 26 and cooling water cavity 28, the protection pneumatic transmission air cavity are additionally provided with the plasma formation rifle 20 26 and the cooling water cavity 28 be located at the plasma formation rifle 20 inside.Protection pneumatic transmission air cavity 26 connects with a protection source of the gas 22 It is logical, can be in forming process pilot arc.Cooling water cavity 28 connects with a cooling water source or cooling water circulation, can shape During by the article on plasma of cooling water cavity 28 shape rifle 20 cooled down.
The method that the plasma provided using present embodiment increases the 3D printing equipment progress 3D printing of material and laser cutting Step is as follows:
First, the 3D models of entity workpiece 62 to be generated are established, 3 d part is subjected to two-dimensional discrete, forms the piece number of plies According to, the scanning pattern of the plasma micro-arc shaped according to the lamella data schema generated, the scanning road of the plasma micro-arc Footpath includes the number of plies, every layer of thickness, every layer of cross section layered data and each layer scanning pattern.
Then, then the gas shielded working chamber 10 is protected by the vacuumize process of vacuum suction device 40 to gas The inert gas of predetermined concentration is filled with shield working chamber 10, to cause the oxygen concentration in the gas shielded working chamber 10 small In 100ppm.
Then, plasma formation rifle 20 takes the method that electric arc compresses, and plasma arc is produced machinery pressure when passing through nozzle Contracting, hot compression and electromagnetic compression, thermal source of the plasma micro-arc of high-energy as 3D shaping printings is formed, the powder of output is gathered Jiao, the Forming Workpiece 62 on forming workbench 60, the efficiency that powder melts is improved more than 10~30 times, greatly improve mesh The problem of forming efficiency existing for preceding 3D printing is low.
Finally, after plasma formation rifle 20 completes one layer or multilayer 3D printing, 3D is beaten by laser cutting device Profile after print carries out precision cutting, improves the machining accuracy of 3D printing part.
In certain embodiments, the 3D printing method also includes:In above-mentioned print procedure, pass through every scheduled time slot Oxygen concentration survey meter detects the oxygen concentration in the gas shielded working chamber 10, is supplemented when oxygen concentration meets or exceeds preset value lazy Property gas is to control oxygen concentration to be less than the preset value (such as 100ppm).
In certain embodiments, described 3D printing method also includes:In above-mentioned print procedure, every scheduled time slot profit Circularly purifying processing is carried out to the gas in the gas shielded working chamber 10 with the gas circulation purifier 30.
The plasma that present embodiment provides increases material and the 3D printing equipment of laser cutting is released by plasma formation device Plasma arc is put, plasma arc is produced mechanical compress, hot compression and electromagnetic compression when passing through nozzle and forms high-energy-density Plasma arc, using plasma arc as 3D shape printing thermal source, can make powder melt efficiency improve 10~30 times with On, the problem of forming efficiency existing for current 3D printing is low is greatly improved, while auxiliary laser cutting device passes through laser Profile precision cutting to workpiece 62, improve the precision of 3D printing drip molding.
In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that disclosed system and method, can be with Realize by another way.For example, system embodiment described above is only schematical.For art technology For personnel, it is clear that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, and in the spirit or base without departing substantially from the present invention In the case of eigen, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, all should be by reality no matter from the point of view of which point Apply example and regard exemplary as, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended claims rather than described above Limit, it is intended that all changes fallen in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim are included in the present invention. Any reference in claim should not be considered as to the involved claim of limitation.Furthermore, it is to be understood that the word of " comprising " one is not Other units or step are excluded, odd number is not excluded for plural number.The multiple units or device stated in system claims can also be by Same unit or device are realized by software or hardware.The first, the second grade word is used for representing title, and is not offered as Any specific order.
Embodiment of above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted, although the preferable embodiment party with reference to more than The present invention is described in detail formula, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to technical scheme Modify or equivalent substitution should not all depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of plasma increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting, including gas shielded working chamber and control module, the gas Forming workbench is provided with protection working chamber, the forming workbench is used for the workpiece for carrying successively stack shaping, and its feature exists In, in addition to:
Laser cutting device, the work that the laser cutting device sends pulse or continuous laser is focused on the forming workbench On part;
Plasma formation device, including motion, plasma formation rifle, and with the grade that the plasma formation rifle is connected from Electronic generator and dust feeder, the motion are arranged at the top of the forming workbench, and the plasma formation rifle connects It is connected to the motion;
Control module, be connected respectively with the laser cutting device and plasma formation device, for control the plasma into Shape dress puts generation plasma micro-arc, the plasma micro-arc focus on the powder of the plasma formation rifle output it is described into The workpiece is shaped on shape workbench;And for controlling the laser cutting device to cut the profile of the workpiece Cut.
2. plasma as claimed in claim 1 increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting, it is characterised in that the plasma Electrode and powder conveyor chamber are provided with shaping rifle, the electrode and the powder conveyor chamber are respectively arranged on the plasma formation rifle Middle part and edge, the electrode is connected with a plasma generator, and the powder conveyor chamber is connected with a powder feeder, described etc. Ion generator and powder feeder are arranged at outside the gas shielded working chamber.
3. plasma as claimed in claim 2 increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting, it is characterised in that the plasma Protection at least one pneumatic transmission air cavity and cooling water cavity are additionally provided with shaping rifle, the protection pneumatic transmission air cavity or the cooling water cavity are set In the inside of the plasma formation rifle.
4. plasma as claimed in claim 1 increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting, it is characterised in that the plasma Shape the plasma micro-arc that rifle provides forming process, a diameter of 0.8mm~1.2mm of the plasma micro-arc, sedimentation rate 500 ~1500mm3/ h, 50 μm~500 μm of deposit thickness.
5. plasma as claimed in claim 1 increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting, it is characterised in that laser cutting fills Put including laser and scanning galvanometer, after the scanned vibration mirror reflected deflection of the laser that the laser is sent, focus on and move On the workpiece.
6. plasma as claimed in claim 5 increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting, it is characterised in that the laser For continuous wave laser, the wavelength of laser caused by the continuous wave laser is 1.06 microns, assembles hot spot on the workpiece A diameter of 50 μm~70 μm, the power of the continuous wave laser is 40W~500W.
7. plasma as claimed in claim 5 increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting, it is characterised in that the laser For pulse laser, the pulse width of the pulse laser is 200ps~1ps, and spot diameter is 10 μm~30 μm, pulse peak Value power is more than 400MW, mean power 10W~100W.
8. plasma as claimed in claim 1 increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting, it is characterised in that the 3D printing Equipment is additionally provided with:
Vacuum suction device, for extracting the gas in the gas shielded working chamber;
Gas circulation purifier, for the gas described in circularly purifying in gas shielded working chamber;
Oxygen concentration survey meter, for detecting the oxygen concentration in the gas shielded working chamber.
9. plasma as claimed in claim 1 increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting, it is characterised in that the gas shielded Formation cylinder is additionally provided with working chamber, the forming workbench is in the formation cylinder.
10. plasma as claimed in claim 1 increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting, it is characterised in that the gas is protected Oxygen concentration in shield working chamber is less than 100ppm, and, the Forming Workpiece size is 250mm*250mm*300mm.
CN201711031476.1A 2017-10-27 2017-10-27 Plasma increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting Pending CN107570707A (en)

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CN108296484B (en) * 2018-01-30 2019-11-08 哈尔滨工程大学 The quick forming method of marmem labyrinth based on more assistant regulating and controllings
CN108607992A (en) * 2018-05-23 2018-10-02 哈尔滨工业大学 Microbeam electric arc selectivity consolidation increasing material manufacturing method based on preset metal powder
CN114850495A (en) * 2018-12-06 2022-08-05 通用电气航空系统有限责任公司 Apparatus and method for additive manufacturing
CN109434110A (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-03-08 合肥华脉激光科技有限公司 A kind of plasma cladding and laser forge compound increase and decrease material manufacturing method and device
CN115958205A (en) * 2023-01-16 2023-04-14 山东大学 Multifunctional T-shaped composite tool head device capable of being switched in rotating mode

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Application publication date: 20180112