CN103394807A - Method and device for improving metal cladding deposition additive manufacturing accuracy by means of laser edge cutting - Google Patents
Method and device for improving metal cladding deposition additive manufacturing accuracy by means of laser edge cutting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for improving the metal cladding deposition additive manufacturing accuracy by means of laser edge cutting. The method includes 1), depositing a first layer of metal droplets, and cutting and machining side surfaces of the first layer of deposited metal by the aid of laser; 2), depositing a second layer of metal droplets, and cutting and machining side surfaces of the second layer of deposited metal by the aid of laser; 3), depositing an N<th> layer of metal droplets, and cutting and machining side surfaces of the N<th> layer of deposited metal by the aid of laser; 4), repeating the same procedure until metal droplets are completely deposited and side surfaces of the last layer of deposited metal are cut and machined so that the metal cladding deposition forming accuracy is improved. The method and the device have the advantages that the machining flexibility is high owing to a laser edge cutting mode, the quality of products is stable, a heat affected zone is small, the follow-up machining amount is low, the micro-machine precision machining accuracy and efficiency are effectively improved, the probability of batch production of parts of micro-machines is effectively increased, and the machining cost is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the precision processing technology field, relate to a kind of metal cladding deposition that improves and increase the method for the material accuracy of manufacture, especially a kind of method of utilizing laser edge cuts raising metal cladding deposition to increase the material accuracy of manufacture.
Background technology
At present, lot of domestic and international research institution,, as U.S. MicroFab commercial company, University of Toronto and domestic Northwestern Polytechnical University, the Central China University of Science and Technology etc., mainly concentrate on the aspects such as hot state analysis of droplet ejection mechanism, type of drive selection and droplet flight course for the research of metal droplet forming technique.And for how guaranteeing that the aspect research of droplet deposition precision is less.
The precision of product, raw-material performance and working (machining) efficiency are three key factors of restriction droplet forming technology and application thereof.In the fusion sediment process, because must be the three-dimensional process change of complexity the stacks of a series of simple two dimension processing, so the formed product precision depends primarily on machining accuracy on two-dimentional X-Y plane and a series of stack precision on height Z direction.Consider from the system itself that fusion sediment is shaped, fully can be X, Y, the movement position precision of three directions of Z is controlled at higher level, so, consider theoretically to obtain high-precision prototype.But the factor that affects the final precision of formed product does not just have the precision of droplet forming machine itself, also have other factor, and these factors is more wayward.It is an integrated manufacturing system that relates to the factors such as Machine Design manufacturing, CAD software, numerical control, material, forming parameters and product post processing that droplet deposition is shaped, each link all may cause the generation of some errors, and this will have a strong impact on the precision of fusion sediment formed product.
The present invention mainly considers to improve the precision of droplet product from the microfabrication aspect.
In machinery manufacturing industry, the processing method that adopts for a long time is to subtract material autofrettage (Subtractive Manufacturing), namely with cutter, from progressively excising useless material on larger blank, make the method for workpiece, traditional car, mill, the cutting working methods such as plane, brill, mill, and modern spark-erosion sinking and laser cutting all belong to and subtract the material manufacturing.
Laser micro-machining technology is development at the beginning of the 90%'s of last century, mainly contain laser-induced thermal etching processing that laser beam and anisotropic etching combine, the auxiliary little processing of laser chemistry etc., belong to contactless processing, energy is high, and the energy of laser beam and translational speed thereof are all adjustable, can realize the multiple processing of various metals, nonmetal and high rigidity, high fragility, materials with high melting point,, without " cutter " wearing and tearing, without " cutting force ", act on workpiece in laser processing procedure.Laser beam energy density is high, and process velocity is fast, and is partial operation, and non-Ear Mucosa Treated by He Ne Laser Irradiation position is not affected or affects minimum.Therefore, its heat affected area is little, and the workpiece thermal deformation is little, and the following process amount is little.Its superiority is that laser instrument can have been bought on market, easily meets processing conditions, and development prospect is good.
The cutting of traditional drop adopts diamond saw to carry out machine cuts, and its shortcoming is exactly that drop can not be too thin, and the material of some drop is very crisp, is easy to during cutting break, and also is easy to perilesional element, and diamond saw blade is also easily impaired during cutting.Adopt laser cutting to have that joint-cutting is narrow, heat affected area is little, efficiency is high, the processing characteristic of trimming machinery-free stress, can address these problems easily.
In sum, laser cutting is to utilize laser beam to form the surface of the dot projection of high power density to cut material after lens focus, thickness direction at material forms a very narrow and small melting capillary channel fast, laser beam after moving focusing by the material surface fixing, complete the cutting and separating to material.Laser cutting obtains using more and more widely because of its scope of application is wide, process velocity is high, joint-cutting is narrow, the cut surface roughness is low, processing flexibility is good etc. advantage.By with numerical control system, combining, laser beam has unlimited shape cutting ability, and cutting track is revised conveniently.Laser cutting has been widely used in the industrial departments such as automobile, rolling stock manufacturing, aviation, chemical industry, light industry, electrical equipment and electronics, oil and metallurgy.
In order to realize the flexibility of laser three-D processing, three-dimensional laser processing must be adopted moving optical system.At present, high-power industrial laser commonly used mainly contains three kinds: CO
2Laser instrument, Nd:YAG laser instrument and optical fiber laser.Modern high power laser system of processing comprises Optical Maser System, transmission laser system, and processing monitoring systems etc., only have each system to work in coordination, the engineering system of processing of ability complete.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of method and device that utilizes laser edge cuts raising metal cladding deposition to increase the material accuracy of manufacture is provided, it adopts the mode of laser edge cuts to increase the material accuracy of manufacture in order to improve metal cladding deposition, can make process flexibility high, constant product quality, heat affected area is little, and the workpiece thermal deformation is little.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
This method of utilizing laser edge cuts raising metal cladding deposition to increase the material accuracy of manufacture comprises the following steps:
1) metal drop deposition ground floor, utilize laser to carry out machining to the side of ground floor plated metal;
2) the metal drop deposition second layer, utilize laser to carry out machining to the side of second layer plated metal;
3) metal drop deposition N layer, utilize laser to carry out machining to the side of N layer plated metal, and wherein N is the natural number greater than 2;
4) until the metal drop deposition is complete and utilize laser to carry out machining to the side of last one deck plated metal, to improve the forming accuracy of metal cladding deposition.
The present invention also proposes a kind of device of realizing said method: comprise casing 11, be provided with laser instrument 10, substrate 8, high-temperature cabinet 3 and absorption platform 9 in casing 11; Described laser instrument 10 is arranged on a side of absorption platform 9, and described substrate 8 is arranged on absorption platform 9, and described high-temperature cabinet 3 is draped and is fixed on the top of absorption platform 9; Be fixed with wire feeder 1 on the upper end cover of described casing 11, described wire feeder 1 is sent into wire 2 in the interior high-temperature cabinet 3 of casing 11.
Being provided with in above-mentioned high-temperature cabinet 3 can be with the heater of described wire 2 heating and meltings.
Above-mentioned absorption platform 9 is moveable platforms.
The upper end of above-mentioned high-temperature cabinet 3 is provided with into a hole, and its bottom offers nozzle.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention utilizes the laser edge cuts to improve the metal cladding and deposits method and the device that increases the material accuracy of manufacture, to utilize the laser edge cuts to improve metal cladding deposition to increase the method for the material accuracy of manufacture, its process flexibility is high,, owing to adopting laser cutting, makes constant product quality, heat affected area is little, the workpiece thermal deformation is little, and the following process amount is little, has effectively improved the precision machined precision of micromechanics and efficiency, effectively improve the possibility of the batch production of micromechanical parts, reduced processing cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram that the present invention relates to.
Wherein: 1 is wire feeder; 2 is wire; 3 is high-temperature cabinet; 4 is protective gas; 5 is deposit N layer; 6 is the deposit second layer; 7 is the deposit ground floor; 8 is substrate; 9 is absorption platform; 10 is laser instrument; 11 is casing.
The specific embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, should understand the following specific embodiment and only for explanation the present invention, be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Need to prove, word 'fornt', 'back', " left side ", " right side ", "up" and "down" that use is described below refer to the direction in accompanying drawing, word " interior " and " outward " refer to respectively towards or away from the direction of specific features geometric center.
As shown in Figure 1, utilize the laser edge cuts to improve metal cladding deposition and increase the method for the material accuracy of manufacture, comprise the steps: a, metal drop deposition ground floor (as deposit ground floor 7 in figure), utilize laser to carry out machining to the side of ground floor plated metal; B, the metal drop deposition second layer (as the deposit second layer 6 in figure), utilize laser to carry out machining to the side of second layer plated metal; C, metal drop deposition N layer, wherein N is the natural number greater than 2, utilizes laser to carry out machining to the side of N layer plated metal; D, repeat above step, until metal drop deposition complete (being the thickness that deposit reaches setting) and utilize laser to carry out machining to the side of last one deck plated metal.The method of utilizing laser edge cuts raising metal cladding deposition to increase the material accuracy of manufacture disclosed by the invention, the precision machined precision of micromechanics and efficiency have effectively been improved, good reproducibility, laser instrument contribution and energy density are moderate, do not produce nodularization or splash phenomena, good quality of product, be conducive to improve the quality of product and cut down finished cost, and be conducive to realize the batch production of micromechanical parts.
In order to realize above method, the present invention proposes a kind of device of realizing the method, and as shown in Figure 1: this device comprises casing 11, is provided with laser instrument 10, substrate 8, high-temperature cabinet 3 and absorption platform 9 in casing 11; Described laser instrument 10 is arranged on a side of absorption platform 9, and described substrate 8 is arranged on absorption platform 9, and described high-temperature cabinet 3 is draped and is fixed on the top of absorption platform 9; Be fixed with wire feeder 1 on the upper end cover of described casing 11, described wire feeder 1 is sent into wire 2 in the interior high-temperature cabinet 3 of casing 11.Being provided with in high-temperature cabinet 3 can be with the heater of described wire 2 heating and meltings.Absorption platform 9 is moveable platforms.The upper end of high-temperature cabinet 3 is provided with into a hole, and its bottom offers nozzle.
The specific embodiment of the invention process is as follows:
As Fig. 1, in whole forming process, wire 2 enters by after advancing a hole high-temperature cabinet 3 by wire feeder 1, melt and form molten drop, nozzle by high-temperature cabinet 3 bottoms, the drop of ejection drops to the upper surface of substrate 8 downwards with certain speed v, after having deposited one deck and obtaining deposit ground floor 7, machining is carried out in the side of 10 pairs of deposit ground floors 7 of laser instrument.Thereby by regulating laser instrument 10 and absorption platform 9, realize that laser instrument 10 can move on x, y and z direction.Change the degree of depth of processing by regulating the Z direction.In the displacement of X and Y-direction regulation and control workpiece, so that difform deposit is cut.Only have the displacement of Synchronization Control laser beam and rotation or the movement of workpiece, make and burn cutting by some forming line, be formed of a wire face, deposition one deck, cut one deck, thereby realize the processing of various passes and geometric cross section.Coordinate the workpiece displacement to regulate, laser beam also will strengthen the modulation of light beam power at any time.Repeat this operation and can process and obtain meeting the requirements deposit ground floor 7, then by regulating laser instrument 10 and workbench, machining is carried out in the side of ground floor 7; Deposit again after processing, obtain the deposit second layer 6, then by regulating laser instrument 10 and workbench, machining is carried out in the side of the second layer 6; Every deposition one deck on substrate, all will carry out machining to the side of this layer by regulating laser instrument 10 and workbench; , until machining has been carried out in the side of all layers, obtain satisfactory finished product.This series mechanical and the synchronized Coordinative Control optics, the specific (special) requirements of Laser Processing just.Adopt the method greatly to improve forming accuracy and surface roughness.The method of utilizing laser edge cuts raising metal cladding deposition to increase the material accuracy of manufacture disclosed by the invention, process flexibility is high, constant product quality, heat affected area is little, the workpiece thermal deformation is little, and the following process amount is little, has effectively improved the precision machined precision of micromechanics and efficiency, effectively improve the possibility of the batch production of micromechanical parts, reduced processing cost.
Claims (5)
1. a method of utilizing laser edge cuts raising metal cladding deposition to increase the material accuracy of manufacture, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) metal drop deposition ground floor, utilize laser to carry out machining to the side of ground floor plated metal;
2) the metal drop deposition second layer, utilize laser to carry out machining to the side of second layer plated metal;
3) metal drop deposition N layer, utilize laser to carry out machining to the side of N layer plated metal, and wherein N is the natural number greater than 2;
4) until the metal drop deposition is complete and utilize laser to carry out machining to the side of last one deck plated metal, to improve the forming accuracy of metal cladding deposition.
2. a device of realizing the described method of claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises casing (11), is provided with laser instrument (10), substrate (8), high-temperature cabinet (3) and absorption platform (9) in casing (11); Described laser instrument (10) is arranged on a side of absorption platform (9), and described substrate (8) is arranged on absorption platform (9), and described high-temperature cabinet (3) is draped and is fixed on the top of absorption platform (9); Be fixed with wire feeder (1) on the upper end cover of described casing (11), described wire feeder (1) is sent into wire (2) in the interior high-temperature cabinet (3) of casing (11).
3. device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, being provided with in described high-temperature cabinet (3) can be with the heater of described wire (2) heating and melting.
4. device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described absorption platform (9) is moveable platform.
5. device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in the upper end of described high-temperature cabinet (3), is provided with into a hole, and its bottom offers nozzle.
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| CN103978214A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-08-13 | 西安交通大学 | Molding device of gas-atomizing metal droplets and molding method thereof |
| CN104032302A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-10 | 西安交通大学 | Metal molten drop deposition method implemented by using nonmetal sheets with trapezoidal grooves |
| CN104057085A (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-09-24 | 西安交通大学 | Spraying nozzle for micro-jet deposition forming of molten drops |
| CN104493165A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-08 | 深圳市圆梦精密技术研究院 | Electron beam melting and laser milling composite 3D printing apparatus |
| CN104550954A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-29 | 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 | Forming method of meal piece through composite milling in 3D (Three-dimensional) printing |
| CN105269269A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-01-27 | 华中科技大学 | Manufacturing method for metal additive materials of ultra-large draw ratio deep-hole type components |
| CN106181203A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-12-07 | 李伦锦 | Quarter bend intelligence clamping rotary cutting apparatus |
| CN106312380A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-11 | 通用电气公司 | Method for additively manufacturing component and component made therefrom |
| CN107570707A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-01-12 | 广东汉邦激光科技有限公司 | Plasma increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting |
| CN108214953A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-06-29 | 孟静 | High intensity fragile material processing method |
| CN109246866A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-18 | E.G.O.电气设备制造股份有限公司 | Method for handling the electric member with layer structure |
| US10894395B2 (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2021-01-19 | Ford Motor Company | Methods for making 3D parts using composite based additive manufacturing with perforated sheets and parts formed therefrom |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103978214B (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2015-10-28 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of gas atomization metal drop shaped device and forming method thereof |
| CN103978214A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-08-13 | 西安交通大学 | Molding device of gas-atomizing metal droplets and molding method thereof |
| CN104057085A (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-09-24 | 西安交通大学 | Spraying nozzle for micro-jet deposition forming of molten drops |
| CN104057085B (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2016-02-24 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of molten drop micro-spray deposition modeling nozzle |
| CN104032302A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-10 | 西安交通大学 | Metal molten drop deposition method implemented by using nonmetal sheets with trapezoidal grooves |
| CN104550954A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-29 | 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 | Forming method of meal piece through composite milling in 3D (Three-dimensional) printing |
| CN104493165A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-08 | 深圳市圆梦精密技术研究院 | Electron beam melting and laser milling composite 3D printing apparatus |
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| CN106312380A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-11 | 通用电气公司 | Method for additively manufacturing component and component made therefrom |
| CN106312380B (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2019-11-29 | 通用电气公司 | For adding the method and the thus component that makes of manufacture component |
| CN105269269A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-01-27 | 华中科技大学 | Manufacturing method for metal additive materials of ultra-large draw ratio deep-hole type components |
| CN106181203A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-12-07 | 李伦锦 | Quarter bend intelligence clamping rotary cutting apparatus |
| CN106181203B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2017-11-24 | 浙江山川科技股份有限公司 | Quarter bend intelligently clamps rotary cutting apparatus |
| CN109246866A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-18 | E.G.O.电气设备制造股份有限公司 | Method for handling the electric member with layer structure |
| CN109246866B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2022-03-15 | E.G.O.电气设备制造股份有限公司 | Method for processing an electrical component having a layer structure |
| CN107570707A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-01-12 | 广东汉邦激光科技有限公司 | Plasma increases the 3D printing equipment of material and laser cutting |
| CN108214953A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-06-29 | 孟静 | High intensity fragile material processing method |
| US10894395B2 (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2021-01-19 | Ford Motor Company | Methods for making 3D parts using composite based additive manufacturing with perforated sheets and parts formed therefrom |
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Inventor after: Lu Bingheng Inventor after: Wei Zhengying Inventor after: Li Suli Inventor after: Wang Jijie Inventor before: Lu Bingheng Inventor before: Li Suli Inventor before: Zhang Anfeng Inventor before: Wang Jijie |
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Effective date of registration: 20210106 Address after: 221600 east of Hanxing road and south of Kunming Road, Peixian Economic Development Zone, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Xuzhou Zhonglun Photovoltaic Material Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710049 No. 28 West Xianning Road, Shaanxi, Xi'an Patentee before: XI'AN JIAOTONG University |