CN107568159A - A kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth Download PDFInfo
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- CN107568159A CN107568159A CN201710974143.6A CN201710974143A CN107568159A CN 107568159 A CN107568159 A CN 107568159A CN 201710974143 A CN201710974143 A CN 201710974143A CN 107568159 A CN107568159 A CN 107568159A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth, according to the nutritional need and physilogical characteristics of Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis, it is used cooperatively using man-made feeds and plant feed and animal fodder, relatively low formulation cost and more preferably feeding effect can be obtained, the economic benefit of Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis is improved, obtains high-quality selenium-rich Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis.The man-made feeds add pachymaran, immune polysaccharide, compound probiotic, antibacterial peptide by basal feed and formed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture of aquatic animal technical field, and in particular to a kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth.
Background technology
Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis, also known as water fish, soft-shelled turtle, the soft-shelled turtle, it is common cultivation tortoise kind.Wild Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis is in China, Japan, Vietnam
The north, South Korea, Russian east are all visible.Aquatic property, often inhabit the freshwater of husky mud substrate.There is disembarkation to take a solar bath
Habit.It is carnivorous, with fish, shrimp, mollusk etc. for staple food, more prowl at night.
Soft-shelled turtle can strengthen resistance against diseases and the regulation of body rich in nutrients such as animal glue, keratin, copper, vitamin Ds
The endocrine function of human body, and improve the excellent tonic product of breast milk quality, the immunity of enhancing baby and intelligence.
The web of soft-shelled turtle is referred to as " tortoiseshell ", is rare Chinese medicine, there is nourishing Yin and falling fire.For treat it is dizzy, dizzy,
The illness such as abnormal heat, night sweat.Also there is the effect of fine to the intractable headache that cranial traumas carries over.Tortoise-shell glue is macromolecular glue
Crude protein, containing the various amino acid required for skin, there is the effect of beauty care, cosmetology and health.
Soft-shelled turtle is the rare aquatic products that China common people like, with the improvement of people's living standards, the market prospects of soft-shelled turtle are had an optimistic view of,
Soft-shelled turtle industry experienced market fluctuation from 1996, be in ascent stage at present, particularly natural soft-shelled turtle, ecologic breeding
Soft-shelled turtle remains in that higher price, and the market demand constantly expands, so the foster soft-shelled turtle of ecology or the foster soft-shelled turtle of half ecology still have good development
Prospect.
Selenium is the essential trace elements of the human body.Chinese Soclety of Nutrition also by selenium be classified as 15 kinds of nutrients needed by human it
One, it is a large amount of both at home and abroad clinical experiments have proved that human body selenium deficiency can cause the functional disturbance of some vitals, cause many serious diseases
Disease occurs.Selenium is referred to as " king of anti-cancer " in body trace element by scientist again.At present to the relevant selenium-rich of aquatic livestock
Research is very few.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth, by using richness
Selenium forage feed Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis, there is provided the nutriment needed for Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth, promote the growth of Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis, obtain high-quality selenium-rich
Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis.
The present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth, comprises the following steps：
(1) young soft-shelled turtle：Add 100mg/L furazolidone dipping bath 3-5min with 3% salt before putting in a suitable place to breed, fed after putting in a suitable place to breed 5 days artificial
Feed formulation 10-12% animal fodders, 8-10% plant feeds, daily feeding volume percentage of liveweight 5%, one was changed per 3-5 days
Secondary water；
Feeding 2-3 times within (2) one days, morning 8-9 is fed 1 time, and afternoon, 2-3 was fed 1 time, and feeding volume accounts for soft-shelled turtle weight 5-10%,
Young soft-shelled turtle：Man-made feeds coordinate 13-18% animal fodders, 10-12% plant feeds；
Into soft-shelled turtle：Man-made feeds coordinate 19-24% animal fodders, 10-12% plant feeds；
Close soft-shelled turtle：Man-made feeds coordinate 25-30% animal fodders, 13-15% plant feeds.
The man-made feeds add 20mg/kg pachymarans, 1000mg/kg immune polysaccharides, 1500mg/kg by basal feed
Compound probiotic, 400mg/kg antibacterial peptides, by 1:0.45-0.5 ratio is mixed with water, and soft particle is made, and crosses 60 mesh sieves；
The immune polysaccharide is yeast cell wall and yeast selenium by 4:1 ratio mixing.
The animal fodder be maggot cry, yellow meal worm, pupa maggot, spiral shell freshwater mussel, ant, the one or more in water flea；The plant
Physical property feed is various dark green gourd, fruit and vegetables, the herbage of plantation.
The basal feed：30 parts of white fish meal, 22 parts of alphalise starch, 12 parts of wheat, 10 parts of fermented bean dregs, corn protein powder 4
Part, 4 parts of meat meal tankage, 3 parts of brewer's yeast, 3 parts of blood meal, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soya-bean oil, 2 parts of cuttlefish cream, 1 part of earthworm powder, shrimp shell meal 1
Part, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of multidimensional, 1 part of more ore deposits, 0.5 part of selenomethionine, 0.5 part of binding agent, 0.5 part of salt；
The preparation of the basal feed is:Various raw materials be crushed into 80 mesh sieves, be well mixed, add 0.5% 3 oxidation
Two chromium are mixed and made into the pellet that particle diameter is 2mm, and room temperature is air-dried to constant weight, sealing refrigeration.
The preparation of the pachymaran：
(1) weigh Poria cocos, cut into pieces, add the 4-6 times of water measured, refluxing extraction 3 times is 3 respectively, 2,1h, merge 3 times
Extract solution filters, and takes extract solution to be concentrated under reduced pressure into stoste 1/12, adds ethanol to alcohol content 80%, stands 12h, centrifuging and taking is sunk
Form sediment, add distilled water dissolving and boil, filter while hot, filtrate adds ethanol to alcohol content 80%, places and separates out precipitation, low temperature is done
It is dry, obtain thick pachymaran；
(2) crude product is dissolved in distilled water, boiled, added 1% tan-liquor, boil, centrifuged, take supernatant to add tannic acid
Solution adds 2% activated carbon to haze-free, stirs 10min, filters while hot, and filtrate lets cool, and adds ethanol to alcohol content
70%, 24h is stood, filters to take precipitation, with 70% ethanol, washing repeatedly is precipitated to without tannic acid, and wet product is dissolved in 20% heat
In ethanol, then with filtered on buchner funnel, 60 DEG C of hot distilled waters are added after decompression and are continuously eluted, efflux is concentrated under reduced pressure, and adds
Ethanol is placed to alcohol content 70%, takes precipitation low temperature drying.
The yeast cell wall：The saccharomyces cerevisiae cultivated on slant medium is inoculated into three equipped with seed culture medium
In the bottle of angle, liquid amount 60ml cultivates 12h under 28 DEG C, 200r/min, then takes 60ml seed liquors to be inoculated into equipped with fermented and cultured
In the 5L fermentation tanks of base, liquid amount 2L, throughput 1vvm, 72h is cultivated under 32 DEG C, pH4,400r/min.
The compound probiotic：Weigh bacillus subtilis, bafillus natto, Lactobacillus casei and candida utili
Bacterium freeze dried fermenting preparation 1g, it is put in 99ml sterilized non-fat milk, shakes up respectively, the inoculation bacterium solution that bacterial content is 1% is made, by 12%
Skimmed milk milk solids, 2.9% glucose, 0.8% soya-bean polypeptides, add water to stir, sterilized after 60-65 DEG C of dissolving at 110 DEG C
15min, 37 DEG C are cooled to, access inoculation bacterium solution, inoculum concentration 6%, is fermented at 34 DEG C, is cooled to 15 DEG C, in 4 DEG C of refrigerators
Refrigeration.
The antibacterial peptide：Dry fly maggot 0.5mol/L acetic acid solution homogenizeds are taken, are extracted at 4 DEG C overnight, centrifugation, mistake
Fly maggot antibacterial peptide acid extract solution is filtered to obtain, 100 DEG C of water-bath insulation 50min is subsequently placed in, at 4 DEG C, 15000r/min, centrifuges 40min,
Collect precipitation.
The present invention possesses following beneficial effect：
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth, pachymaran and yeast cells are added in feed
Wall, the phagocytic activity of Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis leucocyte can be significantly improved, promote the phagocytosis of leucocyte, strengthen in Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis Complement C_3 and
C4 activity, the activity of lysozyme is improved, have humidification to the non-specific immune function of Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis.
The present invention adds compound probiotic in feed, promotes the growth of Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis, probiotics can produce vitamin, amino
Acid, somatomedin and a variety of enzymes participate in some metabolic responses of body, improve digestion and absorption of the Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis to feed, benefit
Raw bacterium contains substantial amounts of nutriment in itself, nutrition needed for providing can be grown for Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis, so as to promote the growth of Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis.
The present invention adds antibacterial peptide in feed, it is possible to increase the production performance and efficiency of feed utilization of Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis, improves and moves
Thing intestine microenvironment, the immunity function and premunition of Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis are improved, increase the rate of body weight gain and specific growth rate of Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis,
Reduce feed coefficient.
The present invention utilizes man-made feeds and plant feed and animality according to the nutritional need and physilogical characteristics of Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis
Feed formulation uses, and can obtain relatively low formulation cost and more preferably feeding effect, improve the economic benefit of Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis.
Embodiment
In order that the technical means, the inventive features, the objects and the advantages of the present invention are easy to understand, tie below
Specific embodiment is closed, the present invention is expanded on further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth, is mainly included the following steps that：
(1) young soft-shelled turtle：Add 100mg/L furazolidone dipping bath 4min with 3% salt before putting in a suitable place to breed, artificial feeding is fed after putting in a suitable place to breed 5 days
Material coordinates 11% animal fodder, 9% plant feed, daily feeding volume percentage of liveweight 5%, changes a water within every 4 days；
Feed 3 times within (2) one days, 8 a.m. is fed 1 time, and 2 pm feeds 1 time, and 5 points feed 1 time, and feeding volume accounts for soft-shelled turtle weight
7.5%,
Young soft-shelled turtle：Man-made feeds coordinate 15.5% animal fodder, 11% plant feed；
Into soft-shelled turtle：Man-made feeds coordinate 21.5% animal fodder, 11% plant feed；
Close soft-shelled turtle：Man-made feeds coordinate 27.5% animal fodder, 14% plant feed.
A kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth of the present embodiment, the man-made feeds add 20mg/ by basal feed
Kg pachymarans, 1000mg/kg immune polysaccharides, 1500mg/kg compound probiotics, 400mg/kg antibacterial peptides, by 1:0.475 ratio
Example is mixed with water, and soft particle is made, and crosses 60 mesh sieves；The immune polysaccharide is yeast cell wall and yeast selenium by 4:1 ratio
Example mixing.
The present embodiment it is a kind of promote Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth cultural method, the animal fodder be maggot cry, yellow meal worm, pupa
One or more in maggot, spiral shell freshwater mussel, ant, water flea；The plant feed is various dark green gourd, fruit and vegetables, the herbage of plantation.
Above-mentioned basal feed is：30 parts of white fish meal, 22 parts of alphalise starch, 12 parts of wheat, 10 parts of fermented bean dregs, corn protein powder
4 parts, 4 parts of meat meal tankage, 3 parts of brewer's yeast, 3 parts of blood meal, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soya-bean oil, 2 parts of cuttlefish cream, 1 part of earthworm powder, shrimp shell meal 1
Part, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of multidimensional, 1 part of more ore deposits, 0.5 part of selenomethionine, 0.5 part of binding agent, 0.5 part of salt；The base
The preparation of plinth feed is:Various raw materials be crushed into 80 mesh sieves, be well mixed, 0.5% chrome green is added and be mixed and made into grain
Footpath is 2mm pellet, and room temperature is air-dried to constant weight, sealing refrigeration.
The preparation of above-mentioned pachymaran：
(1) weigh Poria cocos, cut into pieces, add the water of 5 times of amounts, refluxing extraction 3 times is 3 respectively, 2,1h, merge 3 times and carry
Take liquid to filter, take extract solution to be concentrated under reduced pressure into stoste 1/12, add ethanol to alcohol content 80%, standing 12h, centrifuging and taking and precipitate,
Adding distilled water dissolving to boil, filter while hot, filtrate adds ethanol to alcohol content 80%, and placement, which separates out, to be precipitated, low temperature drying,
Obtain thick pachymaran；
(2) crude product is dissolved in distilled water, boiled, added 1% tan-liquor, boil, centrifuged, take supernatant to add tannic acid
Solution adds 2% activated carbon to haze-free, stirs 10min, filters while hot, and filtrate lets cool, and adds ethanol to alcohol content
70%, 24h is stood, filters to take precipitation, with 70% ethanol, washing repeatedly is precipitated to without tannic acid, and wet product is dissolved in 20% heat
In ethanol, then with filtered on buchner funnel, 60 DEG C of hot distilled waters are added after decompression and are continuously eluted, efflux is concentrated under reduced pressure, and adds
Ethanol is placed to alcohol content 70%, takes precipitation low temperature drying.
The acquisition of above-mentioned yeast cell wall：The saccharomyces cerevisiae cultivated on slant medium is inoculated into equipped with seed culture
In the triangular flask of base, liquid amount 60mL cultivates 12h under 28 DEG C, 200r/min, then takes 60mL seed liquors to be inoculated into equipped with hair
In the 5L fermentation tanks of ferment culture medium, liquid amount 2L, throughput 1vvm, 72h is cultivated under 32 DEG C, pH=4,400r/min.
The preparation of above-mentioned compound probiotic：It is false to weigh bacillus subtilis, bafillus natto, Lactobacillus casei and production protein
Silk saccharomycete freeze dried fermenting preparation 1g, is put in 99mL sterilized non-fat milk, shakes up respectively, and the inoculation bacterium solution that bacterial content is 1% is made,
By 12% skimmed milk milk solids, 2.9% glucose, 0.8% soya-bean polypeptides, water is added to stir, after 62.5 DEG C of dissolvings at 110 DEG C
Sterilize 15min, is cooled to 37 DEG C, access inoculation bacterium solution, inoculum concentration 6%, is fermented at 34 DEG C, be cooled to 15 DEG C, in 4 DEG C of ice
Refrigerated in case.
The preparation of above-mentioned antibacterial peptide：Dry fly maggot 0.5mol/L acetic acid solution homogenizeds are taken, are extracted at 4 DEG C overnight,
Centrifugation, filters to obtain fly maggot antibacterial peptide acid extract solution, is subsequently placed in 100 DEG C of water-bath insulation 50min, at 4 DEG C, 15000r/min, from
Heart 40min, collect precipitation.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth, is mainly included the following steps that：
(1) young soft-shelled turtle：Add 100mg/L furazolidone dipping bath 3min with 3% salt before putting in a suitable place to breed, artificial feeding is fed after putting in a suitable place to breed 5 days
Material coordinates 10% animal fodder, 8% plant feed, daily feeding volume percentage of liveweight 5%, changes a water within every 3 days；
Feeding 2 times within (2) one days, at 9 points in the morning feeds 1 time, and 2 pm feeds 1 time, and feeding volume accounts for soft-shelled turtle and weighs 5%,
Young soft-shelled turtle：Man-made feeds coordinate 13% animal fodder, 10% plant feed；
Into soft-shelled turtle：Man-made feeds coordinate 19% animal fodder, 10% plant feed；
Close soft-shelled turtle：Man-made feeds coordinate 25% animal fodder, 13% plant feed.
A kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth of the present embodiment, the man-made feeds add 20mg/ by basal feed
Kg pachymarans, 1000mg/kg immune polysaccharides, 1500mg/kg compound probiotics, 400mg/kg antibacterial peptides, by 1:0.45 ratio
Example is mixed with water, and soft particle is made, and crosses 60 mesh sieves；The immune polysaccharide is yeast cell wall and yeast selenium by 4:1 ratio
Example mixing.
The present embodiment it is a kind of promote Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth cultural method, the animal fodder be maggot cry, yellow meal worm, pupa
One or more in maggot, spiral shell freshwater mussel, ant, water flea；The plant feed is various dark green gourd, fruit and vegetables, the herbage of plantation.
Above-mentioned basal feed is：30 parts of white fish meal, 22 parts of alphalise starch, 12 parts of wheat, 10 parts of fermented bean dregs, corn protein powder
4 parts, 4 parts of meat meal tankage, 3 parts of brewer's yeast, 3 parts of blood meal, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soya-bean oil, 2 parts of cuttlefish cream, 1 part of earthworm powder, shrimp shell meal 1
Part, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of multidimensional, 1 part of more ore deposits, 0.5 part of selenomethionine, 0.5 part of binding agent, 0.5 part of salt；The base
The preparation of plinth feed is:Various raw materials be crushed into 80 mesh sieves, be well mixed, 0.5% chrome green is added and be mixed and made into grain
Footpath is 2mm pellet, and room temperature is air-dried to constant weight, sealing refrigeration.
The preparation of above-mentioned pachymaran：
(1) weigh Poria cocos, cut into pieces, add the water of 4 times of amounts, refluxing extraction 3 times is 3 respectively, 2,1h, merge 3 times and carry
Take liquid to filter, take extract solution to be concentrated under reduced pressure into stoste 1/12, add ethanol to alcohol content 80%, standing 12h, centrifuging and taking and precipitate,
Adding distilled water dissolving to boil, filter while hot, filtrate adds ethanol to alcohol content 80%, and placement, which separates out, to be precipitated, low temperature drying,
Obtain thick pachymaran；
(2) crude product is dissolved in distilled water, boiled, added 1% tan-liquor, boil, centrifuged, take supernatant to add tannic acid
Solution adds 2% activated carbon to haze-free, stirs 10min, filters while hot, and filtrate lets cool, and adds ethanol to alcohol content
70%, 24h is stood, filters to take precipitation, with 70% ethanol, washing repeatedly is precipitated to without tannic acid, and wet product is dissolved in 20% heat
In ethanol, then with filtered on buchner funnel, 60 DEG C of hot distilled waters are added after decompression and are continuously eluted, efflux is concentrated under reduced pressure, and adds
Ethanol is placed to alcohol content 70%, takes precipitation low temperature drying.
The acquisition of above-mentioned yeast cell wall：The saccharomyces cerevisiae cultivated on slant medium is inoculated into equipped with seed culture
In the triangular flask of base, liquid amount 60mL cultivates 12h under 28 DEG C, 200r/min, then takes 60mL seed liquors to be inoculated into equipped with hair
In the 5L fermentation tanks of ferment culture medium, liquid amount 2L, throughput 1vvm, 72h is cultivated under 32 DEG C, pH=4,400r/min.
The preparation of above-mentioned compound probiotic：It is false to weigh bacillus subtilis, bafillus natto, Lactobacillus casei and production protein
Silk saccharomycete freeze dried fermenting preparation 1g, is put in 99mL sterilized non-fat milk, shakes up respectively, and the inoculation bacterium solution that bacterial content is 1% is made,
By 12% skimmed milk milk solids, 2.9% glucose, 0.8% soya-bean polypeptides, add water to stir, gone out after 60 DEG C of dissolvings at 110 DEG C
Bacterium 15min, 37 DEG C are cooled to, access inoculation bacterium solution, inoculum concentration 6%, is fermented at 34 DEG C, is cooled to 15 DEG C, in 4 DEG C of refrigerators
Middle refrigeration.
The preparation of above-mentioned antibacterial peptide：Dry fly maggot 0.5mol/L acetic acid solution homogenizeds are taken, are extracted at 4 DEG C overnight,
Centrifugation, filters to obtain fly maggot antibacterial peptide acid extract solution, is subsequently placed in 100 DEG C of water-bath insulation 50min, at 4 DEG C, 15000r/min, from
Heart 40min, collect precipitation.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth, is mainly included the following steps that：
(1) young soft-shelled turtle：Add 100mg/L furazolidone dipping bath 5min with 3% salt before putting in a suitable place to breed, artificial feeding is fed after putting in a suitable place to breed 5 days
Material coordinates 12% animal fodder, 10% plant feed, daily feeding volume percentage of liveweight 5%, changes a water within every 5 days；
Feed 3 times within (2) one days, at 9 points in the morning feeds 1 time, and 2 pm feeds 1 time, and 6 points feed 1 time, and feeding volume accounts for soft-shelled turtle weight
10%,
Young soft-shelled turtle：Man-made feeds coordinate 18% animal fodder, 12% plant feed；
Into soft-shelled turtle：Man-made feeds coordinate 24% animal fodder, 12% plant feed；
Close soft-shelled turtle：Man-made feeds coordinate 30% animal fodder, 15% plant feed.
A kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth of the present embodiment, the man-made feeds add 20mg/ by basal feed
Kg pachymarans, 1000mg/kg immune polysaccharides, 1500mg/kg compound probiotics, 400mg/kg antibacterial peptides, by 1:0.5 ratio
It is mixed with water, soft particle is made, crosses 60 mesh sieves；The immune polysaccharide is yeast cell wall and yeast selenium by 4:1 ratio
Mixing.
The present embodiment it is a kind of promote Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth cultural method, the animal fodder be maggot cry, yellow meal worm, pupa
One or more in maggot, spiral shell freshwater mussel, ant, water flea；The plant feed is various dark green gourd, fruit and vegetables, the herbage of plantation.
Above-mentioned basal feed is：30 parts of white fish meal, 22 parts of alphalise starch, 12 parts of wheat, 10 parts of fermented bean dregs, corn protein powder
4 parts, 4 parts of meat meal tankage, 3 parts of brewer's yeast, 3 parts of blood meal, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soya-bean oil, 2 parts of cuttlefish cream, 1 part of earthworm powder, shrimp shell meal 1
Part, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of multidimensional, 1 part of more ore deposits, 0.5 part of selenomethionine, 0.5 part of binding agent, 0.5 part of salt；The base
The preparation of plinth feed is:Various raw materials be crushed into 80 mesh sieves, be well mixed, 0.5% chrome green is added and be mixed and made into grain
Footpath is 2mm pellet, and room temperature is air-dried to constant weight, sealing refrigeration.
The preparation of above-mentioned pachymaran：
(1) weigh Poria cocos, cut into pieces, add the water of 6 times of amounts, refluxing extraction 3 times is 3 respectively, 2,1h, merge 3 times and carry
Take liquid to filter, take extract solution to be concentrated under reduced pressure into stoste 1/12, add ethanol to alcohol content 80%, standing 12h, centrifuging and taking and precipitate,
Adding distilled water dissolving to boil, filter while hot, filtrate adds ethanol to alcohol content 80%, and placement, which separates out, to be precipitated, low temperature drying,
Obtain thick pachymaran；
(2) crude product is dissolved in distilled water, boiled, added 1% tan-liquor, boil, centrifuged, take supernatant to add tannic acid
Solution adds 2% activated carbon to haze-free, stirs 10min, filters while hot, and filtrate lets cool, and adds ethanol to alcohol content
70%, 24h is stood, filters to take precipitation, with 70% ethanol, washing repeatedly is precipitated to without tannic acid, and wet product is dissolved in 20% heat
In ethanol, then with filtered on buchner funnel, 60 DEG C of hot distilled waters are added after decompression and are continuously eluted, efflux is concentrated under reduced pressure, and adds
Ethanol is placed to alcohol content 70%, takes precipitation low temperature drying.
The acquisition of above-mentioned yeast cell wall：The saccharomyces cerevisiae cultivated on slant medium is inoculated into equipped with seed culture
In the triangular flask of base, liquid amount 60mL cultivates 12h under 28 DEG C, 200r/min, then takes 60mL seed liquors to be inoculated into equipped with hair
In the 5L fermentation tanks of ferment culture medium, liquid amount 2L, throughput 1vvm, 72h is cultivated under 32 DEG C, pH=4,400r/min.
The preparation of above-mentioned compound probiotic：It is false to weigh bacillus subtilis, bafillus natto, Lactobacillus casei and production protein
Silk saccharomycete freeze dried fermenting preparation 1g, is put in 99mL sterilized non-fat milk, shakes up respectively, and the inoculation bacterium solution that bacterial content is 1% is made,
By 12% skimmed milk milk solids, 2.9% glucose, 0.8% soya-bean polypeptides, add water to stir, gone out after 65 DEG C of dissolvings at 110 DEG C
Bacterium 15min, 37 DEG C are cooled to, access inoculation bacterium solution, inoculum concentration 6%, is fermented at 34 DEG C, is cooled to 15 DEG C, in 4 DEG C of refrigerators
Middle refrigeration.
The preparation of above-mentioned antibacterial peptide：Dry fly maggot 0.5mol/L acetic acid solution homogenizeds are taken,
Extracted at 4 DEG C overnight, centrifugation, filter to obtain fly maggot antibacterial peptide acid extract solution, be subsequently placed in 100 DEG C of water-bath insulations
50min, at 4 DEG C, 15000r/min, 40min is centrifuged, collects precipitation.Comparative example 1
Difference with embodiment 1 is, pachymaran and yeast cell wall are not added in basal feed.
Comparative example 2
Difference with embodiment 1 is, compound probiotic is not added in basal feed.
Comparative example 3
Difference with embodiment 1 is, antibacterial peptide is not added in basal feed.
Effect assessment
Quiet cleaning, the place of abundant water are found, the regulation that GB/T18407.4 is closed according to standard establishes cultivation base,
Carry out the cultivation of Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis respectively according to the method described above, cultivated a cycle and the effect that the above method is drawn is commented respectively
Valency, it is as a result as follows：
Can be obtained by upper table analysis, the data between embodiment 1~3 are more or less the same, Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis disease occur rate of descent,
Rate of body weight gain, specific growth rate are better than comparative example, and explanation will reach effect as embodiment, step composition of the invention
It is indispensable；Embodiment 1 compares with comparative example 1, pachymaran and yeast cell wall is added in feed, in significantly improving
The phagocytic activity of magnificent soft-shelled turtle leucocyte, promote the phagocytosis of leucocyte, strengthen Complement C_3 and C4 activity in Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis, improve molten
The activity of bacterium enzyme, there is humidification to the non-specific immune function of Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis, so occurring in diseases such as putrid skin disease, Leucoplakias
It is substantially better than comparative example 1 in terms of rate of descent；Comparative example 2, comparative example 3 are compared to embodiment 1, projects gap, be because
Compound probiotic and antibacterial peptide for addition play the role of to promote growth, improve foraging ecology and strengthen immunity function, can drop
Low sick rate, increase rate of body weight gain and specific growth rate.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Therefore the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for one of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect scope.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) young soft-shelled turtle：Add 100mg/L furazolidone dipping bath 3-5min with 3% salt before putting in a suitable place to breed, man-made feeds are fed after putting 5 days in a suitable place to breed
Coordinate 10-12% animal fodders, 8-10% plant feeds, daily feeding volume percentage of liveweight 5%, a water was changed per 3-5 days；
Feeding 2-3 times within (2) one days, morning 8-9 is fed 1 time, and afternoon, 2-3 was fed 1 time, and feeding volume accounts for soft-shelled turtle weight 5-10%,
Young soft-shelled turtle：Man-made feeds coordinate 13-18% animal fodders, 10-12% plant feeds；
Into soft-shelled turtle：Man-made feeds coordinate 19-24% animal fodders, 10-12% plant feeds；
Close soft-shelled turtle：Man-made feeds coordinate 25-30% animal fodders, 13-15% plant feeds.
A kind of 2. cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the man-made feeds
By basal feed addition 20mg/kg pachymarans, 1000mg/kg immune polysaccharides, 1500mg/kg compound probiotics, 400mg/kg
Antibacterial peptide, by 1:0.45-0.5 ratio is mixed with water, and soft particle is made, and crosses 60 mesh sieves；The immune polysaccharide is yeast
Cell membrane and yeast selenium press 4:1 ratio mixing.
3. a kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the animality is raised
Expect to cry for maggot, yellow meal worm, pupa maggot, spiral shell freshwater mussel, ant, the one or more in water flea；The plant feed is various dark green melons
Fruit vegetable, the herbage of plantation.
4. a kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth according to claim 2, it is characterised in that raise on the basis
Material：30 parts of white fish meal, 22 parts of alphalise starch, 12 parts of wheat, 10 parts of fermented bean dregs, 4 parts of corn protein powder, 4 parts of meat meal tankage, beer ferment
Female 3 parts, it is 3 parts of blood meal, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soya-bean oil, 2 parts of cuttlefish cream, 1 part of earthworm powder, 1 part of shrimp shell meal, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, more
1 part of dimension, 1 part of more ore deposits, 0.5 part of selenomethionine, 0.5 part of binding agent, 0.5 part of salt；The preparation of the basal feed is:Will be each
Kind raw material crushed 80 mesh sieves, be well mixed, and adds 0.5% chrome green and is mixed and made into the pellet that particle diameter is 2mm, room
Warm air is done to constant weight, sealing refrigeration.
A kind of 5. cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the pachymaran
Preparation：
(1) weigh Poria cocos, cut into pieces, add the 4-6 times of water measured, refluxing extraction 3 times is 3 respectively, 2,1h, merge 3 extractions
Liquid filters, and takes extract solution to be concentrated under reduced pressure into stoste 1/12, adds ethanol to alcohol content 80%, stands 12h, centrifuging and taking precipitation, add
Enter distilled water dissolving to boil, filter while hot, filtrate adds ethanol to alcohol content 80%, places and separates out precipitation, low temperature drying, obtains
Thick pachymaran；
(2) crude product is dissolved in distilled water, boiled, added 1% tan-liquor, boil, centrifuged, take supernatant to add tan-liquor
It is extremely haze-free, 2% activated carbon is added, 10min is stirred, filters while hot, filtrate lets cool, and adds ethanol to alcohol content 70%, quiet
24h is put, filters to take precipitation, with 70% ethanol, washing repeatedly is precipitated to without tannic acid, wet product is dissolved in 20% hot ethanol,
Then filtered on buchner funnel is used, 60 DEG C of hot distilled waters are added after decompression and are continuously eluted, efflux is concentrated under reduced pressure, and adds ethanol to containing
Alcohol amount 70%, place, take precipitation low temperature drying.
A kind of 6. cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the yeast cells
Wall：The saccharomyces cerevisiae cultivated on slant medium is inoculated into the triangular flask equipped with seed culture medium, liquid amount 60ml,
, 12h is cultivated under 200r/min, then takes 60ml seed liquors to be inoculated into the 5L fermentation tanks equipped with fermentation medium, fill liquid by 28 DEG C
2L is measured, throughput 1vvm, 72h is cultivated under 32 DEG C, pH4,400r/min.
7. a kind of cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described compound prebiotic
Bacterium：Bacillus subtilis, bafillus natto, Lactobacillus casei and candida utili bacterium freeze dried fermenting preparation 1g are weighed, respectively
It is put in 99ml sterilized non-fat milk, shakes up, the inoculation bacterium solution that bacterial content is 1%, by 12% skimmed milk milk solids, 2.9% is made
Glucose, 0.8% soya-bean polypeptides, adds water to stir, and sterilize 15min after 60-65 DEG C of dissolving at 110 DEG C, is cooled to 37 DEG C, connects
Enter and be inoculated with bacterium solution, inoculum concentration 6%, fermented at 34 DEG C, be cooled to 15 DEG C, refrigerated in 4 DEG C of refrigerators.
A kind of 8. cultural method for promoting Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis growth according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the antibacterial peptide：
Take dry fly maggot 0.5mol/L acetic acid solution homogenizeds, at 4 DEG C extract overnight, centrifugation, filter fly maggot antibacterial peptide acid carries
Liquid is taken, 100 DEG C of water-bath insulation 50min is subsequently placed in, at 4 DEG C, 15000r/min, centrifuges 40min, collect precipitation.
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| CN108684942A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-10-23 | 梁凉 | A kind of production method promoting the round soft pellet diet of digestion |
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