CN107544593A - A kind of method of needle-based rainfall simulator and its simulated rainfall - Google Patents
A kind of method of needle-based rainfall simulator and its simulated rainfall Download PDFInfo
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- CN107544593A CN107544593A CN201710831203.9A CN201710831203A CN107544593A CN 107544593 A CN107544593 A CN 107544593A CN 201710831203 A CN201710831203 A CN 201710831203A CN 107544593 A CN107544593 A CN 107544593A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of needle-based rainfall simulator and its simulated rainfall method, the rainfall simulator includes rain controller and water supply installation, and wherein rain controller includes framework, transmission device and collection rain box；Framework has two frames connected vertically；Transmission device is fixed on sub- transmission system on two frames including two identicals；Collect rain box to be connected with two sub- drives for sealing cuboid, two of which adjacent side, the upper surface of collection rain box is provided with reactor, and lower surface connects multiple raindrop generators.Water supply installation includes peristaltic pump.The present invention can finely tune raindrop size, and convenient to control raininess scope, Rainfall height, the needle-based rain controller that placement adjusts is easy in indoor and field, for studying the rainfall characteristic parameters such as raindrop diameter, raininess size, raindrop terminal velocity, raindrop kinetic energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rainfall simulator, more particularly to the side of a kind of needle-based rainfall simulator and its simulated rainfall
Method.
Background technology
Artificial raining-simulated apparatus is one of critical facility in research rainfall and rainfall influence correlation test, passes through to change and drops
The modes such as rain device pressure of supply water, water yield, raindrop generator specification directly or indirectly adjust rainfall parameter, certain so as to complete
It is required that rainfall simulation.At present, increasing indoor and field test is begun to focus on to raindrop property, and most scientific researches
Spray nozzle type (nozzle-type) and ductwork type (spray-type) rain controller cost that unit mainly uses are high, rainfall is uneven, and raindrop are smaller
It is difficult to meet the accurate control to characteristics of rainfall, and is not easy to field test use mostly.
Be currently used for studying the needle-based rain controller of raindrop property is influenceed greatly by head above syringe needle mostly, raininess scope compared with
Small, raindrop small (maximum particle diameter of raindrop is in 2mm or so), controllability are low, simultaneously as needle position, which is fixed, causes raindrop landing
Position is single, it is difficult to effectively reproduces the raininess scope and raindrop distribution situation of natural precipitation.In order to prepare larger raindrop, need
The water that give in collection rain box provides larger potential energy, and must thus produce has deeper collection rain box, cause it is inconvenient to carry,
It is difficult to simulate in the wild rainfall simulation experiment.
In addition, general use moves horizontally collection rain box to artificial raining-simulated apparatus during activity rainfall between simulated domain.No matter
Collection rain box moves along a straight line or rotated around certain point, and due to effect of inertia, the liquid level collected in rain box will not maintain same water
In plane, liquid level is always high low on one side on one side, therefore the water of different height has different potential energy, during raining, fall
Under Raindrop diameter disunity.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to raindrop size can be finely tuned by developing one kind, it is convenient control raininess scope,
Rainfall height, indoors and field be easy to placement adjust needle-based rain controller, to study raindrop diameter, raininess size,
The rainfall characteristic parameters such as raindrop terminal velocity, raindrop kinetic energy.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to be directed to above-mentioned present situation, there is provided a kind of needle-based rainfall simulator of fine-tuning raindrop size and
The method of its simulated rainfall, it is therefore intended that solve to propose in above-mentioned background technology be difficult to finely tune raindrop sizes, rainfall it is uneven,
Controllability is low, raindrop drop-off positions are single and is not easy to field the technical problem such as uses.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention：A kind of needle-based rainfall simulator, including rain controller and water supply installation,
The rain controller includes：Framework, transmission device and collection rain box, wherein
The framework has the frame of two orthogonal connections；
The transmission device includes two sub- transmission devices of identical, and described two sub- transmission devices are separately fixed at two
On the frame, and controllably move in a circle in the horizontal plane；
The collection rain box is sealing cuboid, and two of which sides adjacent base connects with two sub- transmission devices respectively
Connect, the upper surface of the collection rain box is provided with the reactor for preparing acid solution, and the lower surface of the collection rain box is provided with multiple screwed holes, often
Respectively one female Luer of connection, the detachably connected raindrop in lower end of each female Luer occur the individual screwed hole
Device；
The water supply installation includes cistern, peristaltic pump and outlet pipe, peristaltic pump by the aquapulse formula in cistern, can be micro-
Regulate and control the water outlet of system.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The complete water-filling of collection rain box is closed during operation, makes raindrop generator will not be by syringe needle
Top head influences, and by female Luer connecting needle and collection rain box, is easy to control device completely closed, ensures raindrop hair
Life is highly consistent and is uniformly distributed, and by the very frivolous of this rainfall simulator main body setting, be moved easily and dispose, suitable for room
Interior and outdoor rain test；Further, by peristaltic pump to closed collection rain box stable water supply, and fine-tuning output, obtain
To larger range of stable raininess and raindrop scope；Further, by setting reactor, Simulated Acid Rain occurs, and can obtain rain
Influence of the acidic materials to rainfall in drop；Further, it is different using silicone tube nested injection device syringe needle as raindrop generator
Diameter syringe needle and the corresponding different size of raindrop of the combination of different silicone tubes, syringe needle carry without specially treated for experiment
For the raindrop of different-diameter size, when syringe needle is 0.7mm and when putting the silicone tube of 0.8mm internal diameters, the particle diameter of raindrop
Up to 6mm；Further, transmission device drives rain controller to be moved in horizontal plane rule, meets that raininess scope, the uniformity and diameter are big
While small, the raindrop distribution situation of natural rainfall can be effectively reproduced.
Brief description of the drawings
Involved accompanying drawing is simply introduced in being described to the embodiment of the present invention, in order to in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical scheme become apparent from, completely illustrated, following accompanying drawing is only for some embodiments of the present invention, not limiting
The system present invention, on the premise of without other creative works, it is clear that other accompanying drawings can be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of needle-based rainfall simulator provided by the invention；
Track schematic diagram is driven when Fig. 2 is transmission operation of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of raindrop generator in the present invention.
Embodiment
The principle and feature of the present invention are described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of needle-based rainfall simulator includes rain controller 10 and water supply installation 20.
Rain controller 10 includes framework 1, transmission device 2 and collection rain box 3.Wherein, framework 1 has two frames connected vertically
11, transmission device 2 is installed on two frames 11, is controllably moved in a circle in the horizontal plane；Collect rain box 3 to stand for closed
Cube, wherein adjacent two sides are connected with transmission device 2 respectively, to drive collection rain box 3 to move in a circle in the horizontal plane；Collect rain
The center of the upper surface of box 3 is provided with the reactor 4 communicated therewith, and the lower surface of collection rain box 3 uniformly connects multiple raindrop generators
5。
Water supply installation 20 includes cistern 6, peristaltic pump 7 and outlet pipe 8.Outlet pipe 8 is entered by peristaltic pump 7 from cistern 6
Horizontal pulse formula, the water outlet of fine-tuning control, while outlet pipe 8 are communicated in the main water inlet tube 30 of collection rain box 3.
Peristaltic pump 7 selects speed-regulating type peristaltic pump, possesses the basic control function of peristaltic pump, shows rotating speed, start and stop, direction,
The functions such as rotational speed regulation, filling emptying, power-failure memory, external control input.Inflow is controlled by the rotating speed for adjusting peristaltic pump 7, allowed
Current are uniformly delivered in collection rain box 3 with relatively stable speed, and range of flow determines according to the raininess condition of test requirements document, simultaneously
Meet precision controlling and water supply coverage requirement.
Preferably, peristaltic pump 7 selects WT600S type peristaltic pumps.
With continued reference to Fig. 1, transmission device 2 includes two reducing motors 21, two connecting rods 22, electric machine speed regulation machine 23, time controls
Switch 24 and power supply 25.Wherein, electric machine speed regulation machine 23, time switch 24 and power supply 25 are arranged at the intersecting of two frames 11
Place, two reducing motors 21 are separately positioned on the middle part of two frames 11, and the lower end of each reducing motor 21 is connected one
Individual connecting rod 22, the other end of connecting rod 22 are connected with collection rain box 3.Two reducing motors 21 control phase with electric machine speed regulation machine 23 respectively
Even.
Further, reducing motor 21 is made up of buncher 210 and gear reduction unit 211.
In use, realizing transmission driving by buncher 210, realized and subtracted by machine governor 23 and time switch 24
The fixed time interval of speed motor 21 operates, and the direction for realizing transmission by connecting rod 22 and gear reduction unit 211 adjusts, transmission device 2
Transmission distance can be adjusted with time interval according to the installation position of raindrop generator 5.
Preferably, when being spaced 4cm laying raindrop generators 5, two reducing motors 21 can be made to be spaced 2 seconds and drive rainfall successively
Device body integrally carries out horizontal circular movement, and two reducing motor intervals drive collection rain box to carry out horizontal circular movement in 2 seconds successively.
Preferably, the rotating speed of reducing motor 21 is 30~40r/min.
As shown in Fig. 2 the length of connecting rod 22 is 5cm~15cm.
Preferably, the length of connecting rod 22 is 10cm, i.e., the maximum displacement of same raindrop generator 5 is 30cm, is increased
The raindrop coverage of single raindrop generator 5.And maintain a rational raindrop coverage.
It can be cuboid or cylinder to integrate rain box 3.
Preferably, the height of rain box 3 is collected in 2~6cm.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, integrate closed cuboid of the rain box 3 as 1.2m (length) × 1m (width) × 3cm (height),
The complete water-filling of device is closed when collecting the operation of rain box 3, will not be influenceed in rainfall by head.That is, when collection 3 built-in full water of rain box
Afterwards, no matter which kind of motion collection rain box 3 does in the horizontal plane, its liquid level is not changed, and its raindrop to fall is respectively provided with
Unified potential energy, while convenient rapid unified receipts are stopped.Collection rain box in compared with prior art, it is non-close in order to produce larger raininess
Water in enclosed collection rain box need to have the larger depth of water, therefore it is required that the height of collection rain box is big, cause that consumptive material is more, box body weight, no
It is portable.The height of the collection rain box 3 of the present embodiment is only 3cm, and the whole rain box 3 that collects is very frivolous, is convenient for carrying.
Further, collect the inside of rain box 3 and be provided with least two distributive pipes 31 being connected with main water inlet tube 30；Preferably, in master
Install filter at water inlet pipe 30 additional.When water quality is poor or carries out field rainfall simulation experiment, installs filter additional and ensure raindrop generator 5
It will not block.
Further, 30 × 25 raindrop generators of bottom surface interval 4cm rectangular arrangements of rain box are collected.
With continued reference to Fig. 1, the outer wall of 3 one jiaos of collection rain box is provided with pressure gauge 32, the internal pressure situation of display set rain box 3；
The bottom surface for collecting rain box 3 is provided with an exhaust syringe needle 33, and exhaust syringe needle 33 is correspondingly arranged with pressure gauge 32, and is connected to collection rain box
3 inside.When it is in wire water outlet to be vented syringe needle 33, show to have drained air in collection rain box 3.
Further, it is that large diameter is vented syringe needle to be vented syringe needle 33.
Preferably, it is vented the model 34G of syringe needle 33.
With continued reference to Fig. 1, reactor 4 is separatory funnel, can prepare low concentration acidic liquid simulation acid rain.
Preferably, separatory funnel is provided with pressue device (not shown), and pressue device enters to be set in separatory funnel
The balloon of liquid mouth.Due to the gas pressure inside collection rain box 3, the reacted acid solution of separatory funnel will not be flowed directly into collection rain box
Portion, now, balloon is extruded, acid solution is injected in collection rain box 3.
With continued reference to Fig. 3, the bottom even of collection rain box 3 is distributed multiple tapped through holes 34, the lower end spiral shell of each tapped through hole 34
Line connects a female Luer 35, the detachably connected raindrop generator 5 in lower end of each female Luer 35.Pass through Rule
Joint 35 connects raindrop generator 5 and collection rain box 3, is easy to control device completely closed, further ensures that raindrop have unification
Potential energy.
Further, sealing is fixed between female Luer 35 and tapped through hole 34.
Preferably, a diameter of 1.6mm of female Luer 35.
With reference to Fig. 2, raindrop generator 5 includes syringe needle 51 and silicone tube 52.Syringe needle 51 is arranged on Rule
The lower end of joint 35, silicone tube 52 are set in all portions of syringe needle 51, and extend certain distance downwards.
If the diameter of syringe needle 51 is excessive, water yield is big and speed, causes to collect rain box 3 and is difficult to be completely exhausted out
Air；If the diameter of syringe needle 51 is too small, raindrop generator 5 is in wire water outlet, can not form raindrop.
Preferably, a diameter of 0.5~1.2mm of syringe needle 51.
By finely tuning the rotating speed of peristaltic pump 7, the inflow and pressure, raininess that change collection rain box 3 change therewith, provide
The reference data of two kinds of combinations：
When raininess is 90mm/h, the reference data of following table is referred to：
As can be seen that when setting the external diameter of syringe needle 51 to be 0.7mm, the silicone tube of jacketed 0.8mm internal diameters, raindrop
Maximum gauge can reach 6mm, be approximately 3 times using raindrop maximum gauge caused by prior art.Convert different syringe needle and silicon
The combination of sebific duct, can produce different gradients raindrop diameter be advantageous to carry out rainfall characteristic parameter especially raindrop size, speed,
The research of energy etc..
The simulated rainfall method of needle-based rainfall simulator on the present invention is：
S1：Raindrop generator is installed, according to required raindrop diameter size, it is determined that carrying out the syringe used during rain test
The combination and specification of syringe needle and silicone tube, mounting of syringe syringe needle and silicone tube, raindrop generator is screwed into Shandong vertically
You are fixed the lower end of joint, and substantially rotating speed is determined according to the condition of set raininess and peristaltic pump working flow reference curve；
S2：Adjust and fixed needed for rainfall simulator to experiment at height, rain controller level is calibrated to completely with horizon rule etc.
Suspension；
S3：Start peristaltic pump, now the water of cistern is evacuated in collection rain box by peristaltic pump, opens machine governor and space-time
Switch, gear reduction unit operate into working condition fixed time interval,
S4：The rotating speed of regulation peristaltic pump is controlled to larger rotating speed, when it is in wire water outlet to be vented syringe needle, shows to collect in rain box
Air has been drained, has then opened reactor；
S5：The rotating speed for adjusting peristaltic pump again is controlled to the rotating speed of S1 estimations, with the raininess test device calibration such as rain gage bucket
Raininess, regulation, calibration are until reach the raininess condition of experiment setting repeatedly.
In summary, a kind of needle-based rainfall simulator of the invention, compared to traditional needle-based rain controller, collection during operation
The complete water-filling of rain box is closed, raindrop generator is not influenceed by head above syringe needle, and connect pin by female Luer
Head and collection rain box, are easy to control device completely closed, ensure that raindrop occur highly consistent and are uniformly distributed, by this rainfall simulator
Main body is set very frivolous, is moved easily and is disposed, suitable for the rain test of indoor and outdoors；Further, wriggling is passed through
Pump is to closed collection rain box stable water supply, and fine-tuning output, obtains larger range of stable raininess and raindrop scope；Enter one
Step, by setting reactor, Simulated Acid Rain occurs, and can obtain influence of the acidic materials in raindrop to rainfall；Further, make
It is corresponding different big from the combination of different silicone tubes by the use of silicone tube nested injection device syringe needle as raindrop generator, variable-diameter pinhead
Small raindrop, syringe needle is without specially treated, to test the raindrop for providing different-diameter size, when syringe needle is
0.7mm and when being arranged 0.8 millimeter of silicone tube, the particle diameter of raindrop is up to 6mm；Further, transmission device drives rain controller in water
Plane rule is moved, and while meeting raininess scope, the uniformity and diameter, can effectively reproduce the raindrop distribution of natural rainfall
Situation.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is these are only, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in the spirit and principles in the present invention
Within, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of needle-based rainfall simulator, including rain controller and water supply installation, it is characterised in that
The rain controller includes：Framework, transmission device and collection rain box, wherein
The framework has the frame of two orthogonal connections；
The transmission device is installed on the frame, and is controllably moved in a circle in the horizontal plane；
The collection rain box is sealing cube, deep in below 3cm in it, two sides adjacent bases of the collection rain box respectively with institute
Transmission device connection is stated, the upper surface of the collection rain box is provided with the reactor for preparing acid solution, and the lower surface of the collection rain box is uniform
Ground, removably it is provided with multiple raindrop generators；And
The raindrop generator includes syringe needle, and the diameter of the syringe needle is in 0.5~1.2mm；
The water supply installation includes cistern, peristaltic pump and outlet pipe, and the outlet pipe is by the peristaltic pump from the water storage
Pond carries out pulsed, the water outlet of fine-tuning control.
2. a kind of needle-based rainfall simulator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that outside one jiao of the collection rain box
Wall is provided with pressure gauge, to show the internal pressure situation of the collection rain box；The bottom surface of the collection rain box is provided with an exhaust needle
Head, the exhaust syringe needle are correspondingly arranged with the pressure gauge, and are connected to the inside of the collection rain box.
3. a kind of needle-based rainfall simulator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the reactor leaks for liquid separation
Bucket, the separatory funnel are provided with pressue device.
4. a kind of needle-based rainfall simulator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that transmission device includes two decelerations
Motor, two connecting rods, electric machine speed regulation machine, time switch and power supply, wherein, the electric machine speed regulation machine, time switch and power supply are equal
The intersection of two frames is arranged on, two reducing motors are separately positioned on the middle part of two frames, each
The lower end of the reducing motor is connected a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the collection rain box, often
The upper end of the individual reducing motor is connected with electric machine speed regulation machine control respectively.
A kind of 5. needle-based rainfall simulator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the collection rain box bottom even point
The multiple tapped through holes of cloth, the lower end of each tapped through hole are threadedly coupled a female Luer, the lower end of each female Luer
A detachably connected raindrop generator.
A kind of 6. needle-based rainfall simulator according to claim 5, it is characterised in that it is described collection rain cassette bottom portion every
4cm arranges a tapped through hole.
7. a kind of needle-based rainfall simulator according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the raindrop generator also includes
Silicone tube, the syringe needle are arranged on the lower end of the female Luer, and the silicone tube is set in the syringe needle
All portions, and extend certain distance downwards.
A kind of 8. needle-based rainfall simulator according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the diameter of the syringe needle
For 0.7mm.
A kind of 9. simulated rainfall method of needle-based rainfall simulator, it is characterised in that：
S1：The raindrop generator is installed, according to required raindrop diameter size, it is determined that carrying out the syringe used during rain test
The combination and specification of syringe needle and silicone tube, the syringe needle and the silicone tube are installed, the raindrop are occurred
The lower end that device is screwed into the female Luer vertically is fixed, according to the condition of the raininess of setting and peristaltic pump working flow with reference to bent
Line estimates the rotating speed of the peristaltic pump；
S2：Adjust and fixed needed for the rainfall simulator to experiment at height, calibrating to the simulation completely with horizon rule etc. drops
Rain device horizontally suspends；
S3：Start the peristaltic pump, now the water of the cistern is evacuated in the collection rain box by the peristaltic pump, described in opening
Machine governor and space-time switch, the gear reduction unit operate into working condition fixed time interval,
S4：The rotating speed for adjusting the peristaltic pump is controlled to larger rotating speed, when the exhaust syringe needle is in wire water outlet, external pressure
Table starts to show reading, shows to have drained air in the collection rain box, then opens the reactor；
S5：The rotating speed for adjusting the peristaltic pump again is controlled to the rotating speed of S1 estimations, with the raininess test device calibration such as rain gage bucket
Raininess, regulation, calibration are until reach the raininess condition of experiment setting repeatedly.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108490153A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-09-04 | 北京易科立德生态环境科技有限责任公司 | A kind of artificially-simulated rainfall raininess control device and method |
| CN109541178A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-29 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of portable simulation rainfall and rainwash collection device |
| CN111006847A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-14 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Rainfall device, parameter calibration method of rainfall device and related device |
| CN111650115A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-09-11 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Device for researching rainfall factor soil erosion |
| CN111879645A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-11-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Roadbed slope hydrodynamic stability characteristic analysis experimental device |
| CN112509447A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-16 | 西安理工大学 | Rain and flood disaster process evaluation device and method based on similar theory |
| CN113063924A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-02 | 贵州大学 | Test device and test method for simulating continuous rain intensity transformation soil splash erosion |
| CN113333203A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-03 | 浙江大学 | Rainfall simulation device component capable of adjusting nozzle position and adjusting method thereof |
| CN113447637A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Slope rainfall device with controllable horizontal spatial variability and method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108490153A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-09-04 | 北京易科立德生态环境科技有限责任公司 | A kind of artificially-simulated rainfall raininess control device and method |
| CN109541178A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-29 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of portable simulation rainfall and rainwash collection device |
| CN111006847B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2022-01-25 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Rainfall device, parameter calibration method of rainfall device and related device |
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| CN111879645A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-11-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Roadbed slope hydrodynamic stability characteristic analysis experimental device |
| CN111650115A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-09-11 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Device for researching rainfall factor soil erosion |
| CN111650115B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2023-10-24 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Device for researching soil erosion of rain dropping factors |
| CN112509447A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-16 | 西安理工大学 | Rain and flood disaster process evaluation device and method based on similar theory |
| CN113063924A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-02 | 贵州大学 | Test device and test method for simulating continuous rain intensity transformation soil splash erosion |
| CN113063924B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-04-12 | 贵州大学 | Test device and test method for simulating continuous rain intensity transformation soil splash erosion |
| CN113333203A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-03 | 浙江大学 | Rainfall simulation device component capable of adjusting nozzle position and adjusting method thereof |
| CN113333203B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-08-05 | 浙江大学 | Rainfall simulation device component capable of adjusting nozzle position and adjusting method thereof |
| CN113447637A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Slope rainfall device with controllable horizontal spatial variability and method thereof |
| CN113447637B (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2022-03-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Slope rainfall device with controllable horizontal spatial variability and method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180105 |