CN107532353A - 无纺织物及用于形成无纺织物的方法 - Google Patents

无纺织物及用于形成无纺织物的方法 Download PDF

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CN107532353A
CN107532353A CN201680025667.4A CN201680025667A CN107532353A CN 107532353 A CN107532353 A CN 107532353A CN 201680025667 A CN201680025667 A CN 201680025667A CN 107532353 A CN107532353 A CN 107532353A
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adhesive
bonded fabric
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哈拉尔德·西布纳
赫尔穆特·哈特尔
埃琳娜·诺瓦里诺
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Fiberweb Corovin GmbH
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Abstract

本发明涉及无纺织物，该无纺织物包括由多个三叶形纤维形成的无纺网，其中三叶形纤维的叶各自具有的长宽比在1.5‑4的范围内，该无纺网的定量在5‑20 gsm的范围内，该无纺网具有侧部，该侧部设置有粘合区域的图案，该粘合区域的图案限定一个或多个非粘合区域，并且其中粘合区域的表面在该侧部的总表面的10‑32%的范围内，非粘合区域的表面在该侧部的总表面的68‑90%的范围内。本发明还涉及本无纺织物的应用。除此之外，本发明还涉及包括本无纺织物的吸收制品。

Description

无纺织物及用于形成无纺织物的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及无纺织物、包括该无纺织物的吸收制品、无纺织物在吸收制品中的应用（尤其是在卫生吸收制品中的应用）以及包括该无纺织物的吸收制品的应用。
背景技术
无纺织物被广泛应用于个人护理或卫生的一次性吸收制品中，如尿布、女性护理制品、尿失禁制品和儿童训练裤。然而这种卫生吸收制品的主要关注点是吸收能力和保留体液的能力，粘合图案的可见性也变得重要，因为它增加了吸收制品的吸引力。特别是对于消费者来说，它增加了吸收制品柔软的感觉，并且增加了在织物表面上的几何图案的美感。
在EP 2821043 A1中，描述了由纤维形成的无纺织物，该纤维优选地具有圆形的横截面。然而这种无纺织物的缺点是粘合图案的可见性留下了很大的改进空间，尤其是在较低的定量下。
本发明的目的是提供无纺织物，用于吸收制品（尤其是卫生吸收制品）的部件由该无纺织物制成，该无纺织物呈现出提高的粘合图案的可见性，并因此高度吸引消费者。
发明内容
现在已经发现，当使用包括无纺网的无纺织物时，这可以被实现，该无纺网由特殊类型的纤维形成并具有较低的定量。
因此，本发明涉及无纺织物，该无纺织物包括由多个三叶形纤维形成的无纺网，其中三叶形纤维的叶各自具有的长宽比在1.5-4的范围内，该无纺网的定量在5-20 gsm的范围内，该无纺网具有侧部，该侧部设置有粘合区域的图案，该粘合区域的图案限定一个或多个非粘合区域，并且其中粘合区域的表面在该侧部的总表面的10-32%的范围内，非粘合区域的表面在该侧部的总表面的68-90%的范围内。
本发明的主要优势在于该事实：当与由圆形纤维（该圆形纤维被常规使用并具有相似的定量）形成的无纺织物相比时，本无纺织物具有提高的可见性的粘合图案。
具体实施方式
根据本发明，无纺织物包括由多个三叶形纤维形成的无纺网，其中三叶形纤维的叶各自具有的长宽比（L/W）在1.5-4的范围内。优选地，三叶形纤维的叶各自具有的长宽比在2-4的范围内，更优选地在2.2-4的范围内，最优选地在2.5-4的范围内。在本发明的上下文中，叶的长度表示叶的末端与三叶形纤维芯材的中心之间的距离（见图1和图2中的线a）。宽定义为单个叶的两个对边之间的平均距离（见图1和图2中的线b）。
适当地，根据本发明，三叶形纤维由热塑性聚合物制成。尤其适当的无纺网由热塑性聚合物（如聚烯烃、聚酯或聚酰胺，以及它们的组合）的纤维制成，但可能还包括与热塑性纤维组合的天然纤维（如木纤维、棉纤维或人造丝）。该无纺网也可是由两种或更多种不同的纤维的混合物或者由纤维和颗粒的混合物组成的复合物。
纤维通过粘合而被适当地连接以形成连贯的网络结构。适当的粘合技术包括但不限于化学粘合和热粘合，例如热轧法或通过热气流的粘合。
特别优选的是聚烯烃纤维。广泛的适当的聚烯烃能够被用于本发明。适当的示例包括聚乙烯、聚丙烯，乙烯与丁烯、己烯或辛烯的共聚物，聚丙烯和乙烯的共聚物。聚烯烃可能包括均聚合物或共聚物（如丙烯-α-烯烃共聚物）。特别地，后者的共聚物能够有利地用于本发明。优选的是包括丙烯-α-烯烃共聚物和丙烯均聚物的聚烯烃材料。
聚烯烃材料的熔体流动速率（MFR）适当地小于90 dg/min。利用2.16 kg ASTMD1238测试方法确定MFR。优选地，聚烯烃材料的MFR在15-50 dg/min的范围内，更优选地在15-35 dg/min的范围内。
优选地，纤维由聚乙烯均聚物或聚丙烯均聚物、它们的共聚物、聚乙烯和聚丙烯的混合物、聚酯、聚酯共聚物和/或聚酯混合物形成。
适当地，应用是使用丙烯基或乙烯基的均聚物或共聚物。在丙烯基的聚合物的情况下，聚合物可能包括选自乙烯和C4-C10的α-烯烃的共聚单体衍生单元。在乙烯基的聚合物的情况下，聚合物可能包括选自C3-C10的α-烯烃的共聚单体衍生的单元。聚烯烃材料的适当示例包括丙烯均聚物、乙烯均聚物、丙烯共聚物和乙烯共聚物，如线性低密度聚乙烯（LLDPE）、高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）和低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）。
适当的聚酯能够是脂肪族聚酯（如聚乳酸）或芳香族聚酯（如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯（PTT））。
除了已包含于所使用的聚合物中的添加剂外，添加进一步添加剂可能对纤维提供额外的性质。适当的进一步添加剂包括热稳定剂、光稳定剂、增滑剂、蜡以及使织物亲水或疏水的添加剂。填充材料的添加有时也有优势。适当的填充材料包括有机填充材料和无机填充材料。无机填充材料的适当的示例包括矿物质（如碳酸钙）、金属（如铝和不锈钢）。有机填充材料的适当的示例包括糖基聚合物。根据本发明所使用的三叶形纤维能够适当地为单组分纤维或多组分纤维（如双组分纤维）。在使用双组分纤维的情况下，叶将由一种类型的聚合物制成，叶连接的芯材将由另一种类型的聚合物制成。最优选的是芯鞘双组分纤维，该芯鞘双组分纤维包括聚乙烯和聚丙烯，但其他适当的聚合物的任何其他组合也是可能的，例如聚酯与聚烯烃的组合。双组分纤维可能包含不同类型的聚丙烯。更优选地，双组分纤维具有聚丙烯的芯材和聚丙烯的叶，该聚丙烯的芯材具有较高熔点，该聚丙烯的叶具有较低熔点。在另一个实施例中，该双组分纤维包括在熔融温度或熔体流动上不同的两种聚丙烯。
该纤维能够根据本领域熟知的纺丝技术制得。最简便的是使用纺粘法，无纺织物通过该纺粘法能够直接形成。
纺粘纤维通常通过将熔融聚合物穿过较大的喷丝头（每线性米具有数千个孔）挤出来生产，或通过将熔融聚合物从较小的喷丝头（如包含少至40个孔）的缸体中挤出来生产。离开喷丝头后，熔融纤维通过错流空气淬火系统来淬火，然后被拉离喷丝头并通过高速空气变细。铺放长丝来形成无纺层发生在可渗透的传送带上。纺粘纤维通常是连续的，其纤维直径在大约10-100 µm之间。
根据本发明的无纺织物还能够经过处理以增加特定的性能。最为常见的是局部处理以使织物亲水或使织物疏水。最为常见的是用亲水表面活性剂处理织物或者用碳氟化合物或硅材料处理织物。在本发明的上下文中，当放置在无纺织物或无纺网的表面的水的接触角小于约90时，该表面“亲水”；当放置在该表面的水的接触角大于或等于90时，该表面“疏水”。
优选地，根据本发明的无纺织物是疏水的无纺织物。
根据本发明的无纺织物能够由仅仅一类纤维或纤维层（如纺粘层）组成，但是无纺织物能够适当地包括额外的纤维层，该额外的纤维层可不同。适当的多层织物，例如可包括一个或多个纺粘层（S）和一个或多个熔喷层（M），如SMS、SMMS、SSMMS等，该一个或多个纺粘层（S）和一个或多个熔喷层（M）被粘附以形成根据本发明的无纺织物。通常，这些多层织物在具有多束的单线上一步成型，该多束通常包含纺粘束和熔喷束的组合。在某些情况下，有利的是或技术上必要的是在两个或更多个分开的步骤中根据本发明制造多层。
纺粘层和天然纤维的结合也是可能的。优选地，根据本发明使用的额外的无纺网由熔喷纤维制成。
与常规使用的圆形纤维相比，本发明主要的优点是无纺织物设置有具有提高的可见性的粘合图案。这种提高通过使用特殊的三叶形纤维结合低定量的无纺网来建立。根据本发明使用的无纺网的定量在5-20 gsm（g/m2）的范围内，优选地在6-18 gsm的范围内，更有选地在8-16 gsm的范围内。定量能够根据DIN EN 29073-1来确定。
适当地，根据抗张强度测量法（WSP 110.4），根据本发明的无纺网在纵向方向上的抗张强度在1-4牛每克定量的范围内，优选地在1.2-3.5牛每克定量的范围内，更优选地在1.3-3.0牛每克定量的范围内。具有这种抗张强度的无纺网提供具有高抗张强度的无纺制品。
这种WSP测试方法是无纺工业中国际公知的测试方法，正如本领域技术人员将会理解。
本无纺织物适当地由纤维制成，该纤维的重量在1-6分特的范围内，优选地在1.5-5分特的范围的内，更优选地在1.8-4分特的范围的内。
适当地，根据本发明使用的无纺网包括至多25 wt%的熔喷纤维（基于无纺网的总重量）。优选地，该无纺网包括至多20 wt%的熔喷纤维（基于无纺网的总重量）。
适当地，本无纺网仅包含纺粘纤维，而不是纺粘纤维和其他类型的纤维的混合物。
本领域技术人员将会理解无纺织物的主要部分将由纤维组成。适当地，至少90wt%的无纺织物由纤维制成，优选地至少95 wt%的无纺织物由纤维制成，甚至更优选地至少98 wt%的无纺织物由纤维制成。
根据本发明的无纺织物包括无纺网，该无纺网具有侧部，该侧部设置有粘合区域的图案，该粘合区域的图案限定一个或多个非粘合区域，并且其中粘合区域的表面在该侧部的总表面的10-32%的范围内，非粘合区域的表面在该侧部的总表面的68-90%的范围内。
作为本发明的又一个优点，与圆形纤维相比，根据本发明使用的三叶形纤维允许更开放的粘合图案（较低的粘合区域），圆形纤维需要更紧密的粘合图案以实现相同程度的几个物理性能（包括刚度）。织物更高的蓬松性作为更开放的粘合区域的直接结果，使得这种更开放的粘合图案有利地支持了更高的柔软度的光学印模，该更高的柔软度的光学印模是由粘合图案的更好的可见性造成的。
根据本发明要使用的一个或多个非粘合区域的高表面提供具有吸引力的高柔软度。而且，大的非粘合区域允许纤维胀大并提高织物的松厚度。从视觉和触觉的角度，这被感知为甚至更高的柔软度。非粘合区域的表面在该侧部的总表面面积的68-90%的范围内。优选地，非粘合区域的表面在该侧部的总表面面积的75-85%的范围内。
粘合区域的表面优选在10-32%的范围内，更优选在该侧部的总表面面积的15-25%的范围内。
根据本发明要使用的无纺网设置有粘合区域的图案，该粘合区域的图案限定一个或多个非粘合区域。适当地，根据本发明，该无纺网具有侧部，该侧部设置有个性化的粘合区域的第一图案，该个性化的粘合区域的第一图案限定非粘合区域的第二图案。
因此本发明还涉及无纺织物，该无纺织物包括由多个三叶形纤维形成的无纺网，其中三叶形纤维的叶各自具有的长宽比在1.5-4的范围内，该无纺网的定量在5-20 gsm的范围内，并且其中该无纺网具有侧部，该侧部设置有个性化的粘合区域的第一图案，该个性化的粘合区域的第一图案限定一个或多个非粘合区域，并且其中粘合区域的表面在该侧部的总表面的10-32%的范围内，非粘合区域的表面在该侧部的总表面的68-90%的范围内。
该个性化的粘合区域能够适当地被均匀地布置在无纺网的该侧部的总表面上。多年来，这种图案被用于粘合并被本领域技术人员熟知。
该个性化的粘合区域适当地具有对称的形状，如圆形、菱形、矩形、正方形、椭圆形、三角形、心形、月亮星形、六边形、八边形或其他多边形形状。优选地，该粘合区域具有圆形或六边形形状。更优选地，该粘合区域具有圆形形状。在本发明的又一个实施例中，该个性化的粘合区域具有线性形状。优选地，该个性化的粘合区域具有棒状形状，更优选在无纺网的横向方向中的棒状形状。
在一个实施例中，粘合区域的图案限定一个大的非粘合区域。例如，这种情况是当粘合区域都具有相同的形状和尺寸（例如在无纺网的横向方向中的棒状形状）并且都均匀地分布在无纺网的侧部上（见图3）。在本发明的又一个实施例中，粘合区域的图案可限定许多非粘合区域的图案，从而非粘合区域可具有各种形状。非粘合区域的适当的形状包括正方形、圆形和六边形。优选地，非粘合区域具有六边形形状（见图4）。粘合区域的图案能够由个性化的粘合区域组成，该个性化的粘合区域都具有相同的形状，或者可替代地该个性化的粘合区域可具有不同的形状。例如，后一种情况可使用圆形和棒状的结合。而在又一个实施例中，个性化的粘合区域的两个或更多图案可被使用，该个性化的粘合区域的两个或更多图案限定非粘合区域的一个或多个图案。
优选地，无纺织物的侧部仅由粘合区域的第一图案组成，该粘合区域的第一图案限定非粘合区域的第二图案，意思是没有粘合区域或非粘合区域的进一步图案被设置在无纺织物的侧部上。
适当地，个性化的粘合区域的表面在0.30-5.00 mm2的范围内，优选在0.40-3.50mm2的范围内，更优选在0.50-2.0 mm2的范围内。不连续的非粘合区域适当地具有在0.4-1.5mm的范围内的深度，优选在0.4-0.9 mm的范围内，更优选在0.4-0.8 mm的范围内，最优选在0.5-0.7 mm的范围内。
本发明还涉及吸收制品，该吸收制品包括根据本发明的无纺织物。适当地，根据本发明的吸收制品是一次性卫生吸收制品，该一次性卫生吸收制品选自由尿失禁制品、尿布、湿巾和女性护理制品组成的群组。根据本发明适当的一次性卫生吸收制品包括这些选自由婴儿尿布、拉拉裤、练习裤、成人失禁内裤和尿布组成的群组。
根据本发明的无纺织物能够适当地作为顶片和/或背片的部分。
本发明进一步涉及根据本发明的无纺织物在吸收制品的加强层中的应用。
本发明还涉及三叶形纤维在无纺织物（该无纺织物包括粘合区域的图案）中的应用，用于增加粘合区域的图案的可见性，其中三叶形纤维的叶各自具有的长宽比在1.5-4的范围内。
本发明还涉及三叶形纤维的应用，以增加粘合区域的图案的可见性，该粘合区域的图案设置在无纺网的侧部上，其中三叶形纤维的叶各自具有的长宽比在1.5-4的范围内。
本发明还涉及三叶形纤维在无纺织物（该无纺织物包括粘合区域的图案）中的应用，用于增加粘合区域的图案的可见性，其中该无纺织物包括由多个三叶形纤维形成的无纺网，其中三叶形纤维的叶各自具有的长宽比在1.5-4的范围内，该无纺网的定量在5-20gsm的范围内，该无纺网侧部，该侧部具有设置有粘合区域的图案，该粘合区域的图案限定一个或多个非粘合区域，并且其中粘合区域的表面在该侧部的总表面的10-32%的范围内，非粘合区域的表面在该侧部的总表面的68-90%的范围内。
在图1和2中，图片显示的是根据本发明使用的三叶形纤维。在图1中，示出三叶形纤维的长宽比为1:3，而在图2中，示出三叶形纤维的长宽比为1:2。
实施例
在这些实施例中，把由圆形纤维制成的无纺织物和根据本发明的由三叶形纤维制成的无纺织物进行对比。各个无纺织物的粘合图案的可见性示于图5和图6中。
实施例1
在该实施例中，无纺网通过由三叶形纤维制成的无纺织物来制备。粘合图案由具有椭圆形状的粘合区域组成。基于无纺织物的其中一侧部的总表面，粘合区域的表面为18%，非粘合区域的表面为82%。而且，定量为12 gsm，纤维纤度为2.4分特。三叶形纤维的厚度定义为两个单独的叶的端点之间的距离，为19 μm。在图5中，示出了无纺网的图片。
实施例2（对比例）
在该实施例中，无纺网通过由圆形纤维制成的无纺织物来制备。在该情况下，粘合图案同样由具有椭圆形状的粘合区域组成。基于无纺织物的其中一侧部的总表面，粘合区域的表面为18%，非粘合区域的表面为82%。而且，定量为12 gsm，纤维纤度为2.0分特。圆形纤维的厚度为16.7 μm。在图6中，示出了无纺网的图片。
从图5和图6将清楚地看到，当对比于用圆形纤维制成的无纺网时，根据本发明的无纺网的粘合图案更加可见。

Claims (14)

1.一种无纺织物，该无纺织物包括由多个三叶形纤维形成的无纺网，其中三叶形纤维的叶各自具有的长宽比在1.5-4的范围内，该无纺网的定量在5-20 gsm的范围内，该无纺网具有侧部，该侧部设置有粘合区域的图案，该粘合区域的图案限定一个或多个非粘合区域，并且其中粘合区域的表面在该侧部的总表面的10-32%的范围内，非粘合区域的表面在该侧部的总表面的68-90%的范围内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的无纺织物，其中三叶形纤维的叶各自具有的长宽比在2.5-4的范围内。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的无纺织物，其中三叶形纤维由热塑性聚合物制成。
4.根据权利要求3所述的无纺织物，其中热塑性聚合物包括聚丙烯和/或聚乙烯。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的无纺织物，其中该三叶形纤维的重量在1.5-5 分特的范围内。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的无纺织物，其中该无纺网的定量在6-18 gsm的范围内。
7.根据权利要求6所述的无纺织物，其中无纺织物的定量在8-16 gsm的范围内。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的无纺织物，其中该无纺网的侧部设置有个性化的粘合区域的第一图案，该个性化的粘合区域的第一图案限定非粘合区域的第二图案。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的无纺织物在吸收制品中的应用。
10.根据权利要求9所述的应用，其中吸收制品是卫生吸收制品，该卫生吸收制品选自由婴儿尿布、拉拉裤、练习裤、卫生闭合系统、成人失禁内裤和尿布组成的群组。
11.根据权利要求10所述的应用，其中无纺织物形成卫生吸收制品的背片和/或顶片的至少部分。
12.如权利要求1-8任一项所限定的三叶形纤维的应用，用于增加粘合区域的图案的可见性，该粘合区域的图案位于无纺网的侧部上。
13.一种吸收制品，该吸收制品包括根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的无纺织物。
14.根据权利要求13所述的吸收制品，其中该吸收制品是卫生吸收制品，该卫生吸收制品选自由婴儿尿布、拉拉裤、练习裤、卫生闭合系统、成人失禁内裤和尿布组成的群组。
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EP3090711A1 (en) 2016-11-09
TR201910379T4 (tr) 2019-08-21
PL3291784T3 (pl) 2020-01-31
JP7034713B2 (ja) 2022-03-14
DK3291784T3 (da) 2019-07-22
EP3291784A1 (en) 2018-03-14
US20180148871A1 (en) 2018-05-31
RU2666673C1 (ru) 2018-09-11
ES2734401T3 (es) 2019-12-05
BR112017020552A2 (pt) 2018-07-17
MY182494A (en) 2021-01-25
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