CN107503172A - 一种彩色纱线的染色方法 - Google Patents

一种彩色纱线的染色方法 Download PDF

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CN107503172A
CN107503172A CN201710760453.8A CN201710760453A CN107503172A CN 107503172 A CN107503172 A CN 107503172A CN 201710760453 A CN201710760453 A CN 201710760453A CN 107503172 A CN107503172 A CN 107503172A
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林庆芳
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Guangzhou Hongya Apparel Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明为一种彩色纱线的染色方法,方法包括:取纱线作为染色原料;选择色酚AS‑OL做为打底液;对色酚进行溶解;对纱线进行脱液处理;选择色基大红RC做为显色剂,并对其进行重氮化处理;对色盐进行溶解;并加入中和剂及抗碱剂;进行偶合显色工序,并控制偶合时的浓度,PH值,温度及时间等参数;进行水洗,皂洗,再水洗的过程,完成纱线的染色过程。该方法改进了染色方法,使得染料织品柔软质密,织品色彩鲜艳,上次均匀,染色稳定,且避免了对原材料的损伤,同时降低了对于环境的污染。

Description

一种彩色纱线的染色方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织印染技术领域,特别是涉及一种彩色纱线的染色方法。
背景技术
纱线是用各种纺织纤维加工成一定细度的产品,用于织布、制绳、制线、针织和刺绣等。传统的纱线都是制成筒装纱后再进行染色,由于筒装纱的纱线间较为紧密,在染色时,颜色不易于渗透至筒装纱内部,会导致颜色的采样率低,达不到预期的染色效果。
现有技术中,在对于纱线的染色过程中,物料常产生色差、色萎、深浅斑及条花等缺陷。由于重复打底,使得打底液续缸用量不准确,而造成缸差,使得持续染料时造成色差。在染色过程中,而于显色液pH值调节不当,或者偶合速度调节过快或过慢,而使得上色效果差。打底液促染不匀,使得色酚上染不匀;显色剂没完全溶解或溶解不良,在染色物上就形成不规则的深斑。由于显色液中盐酸不完全,或未进行重氮化,或重氮化操作不当而造成物料上产生条花。染液在待染纱线中的流动性不好,染料价格昂贵,染色成本高,高温染色,对原料的损伤大,染色后色光很难控制。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明公开一种彩色纱线的染色方法,该方法改进了染色方法,使得染料织品柔软质密,织品色彩鲜艳,上次均匀,染色稳定,且避免了对原材料的损伤,同时降低了对于环境的污染。
本发明的具体技术方案为:一种彩色纱线的染色方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一:取纱线作为染色原料;
步骤二:选择色酚AS-OL做为打底液,选择浴比,并计算打底液的用量;并根据打底液的用量,计算烧碱的用量;
步骤三:将色酚AS-OL先用太古油润湿,调成糊状,加入规定量的液碱调匀使成为钠盐,加入辅助剂六偏磷酸钠、元明粉及甲醛,加入适量沸水使其完全溶解成透明的溶液;
步骤四:将纱线放入打底液中浸泡后将其取出,进行脱液处理;
步骤五:选择色基大红RC做为显色剂,加入盐酸和亚硝酸钠,经盐酸及亚硝酸钠的重氮化作用,将色基大红RC溶解成重氮化溶液;
步骤六:将色基先加热水调成糊状,再加盐酸使其溶解,同时对该溶解液进行加温,直至其完全溶解;然后加冰水冷却至略低于规定重氮化温度,不断搅拌并加入亚硝酸钠溶液,直至重氮液呈现淡黄至红棕色的澄清溶液;
步骤七:将色盐用温水调成糊状,在显色液中加入重氮稳定剂及少量醋酸,加入冷水使之溶解,加以搅拌后形成清澈溶液;
步骤八:再加入适当的小苏打及醋酸钠,加以搅拌均匀;
步骤九:将打过底的织物浸入到配置好的显色剂中,使色基的重氮化合物或色盐的显色液和色酚的钠盐发生偶合反应,并不断翻转,控制显色液的pH值、偶合温度、及偶合时间,使其均匀着色;
步骤十:将染色后的物料先用冷水洗,接着用热水洗,充分水洗后,去适当滤去水分;
步骤十一:对水洗后的物料在设定温度下进行皂洗,皂洗液由纯碱、肥皂及水按设定比例配比而成;
步骤十二:再次对物料进行水洗:将皂洗后的物料先用冷水洗,再用热水洗,完成染色过程。
进一步地,在所述步骤一中:原料纱线的质量为15kg。
进一步地,在所述步骤二中:所述色酚AS-OL用量为720g,打底液的浴比为1:30,打底液用量为14.5kg,烧碱的用料为1400ml。
进一步地,在所述步骤三中:太古油的体积分数为40%,用量为750ML,元明粉的用量为18kg
进一步地,在所述步骤四中:浸泡时间为15-25分钟。
进一步地,在所述步骤五中:色基大红RC的用量750克,盐酸的用量为750mL,亚硝酸钠的用量为300g。
进一步地,在所述步骤六中:水用量1.5kg,亚硝酸钠溶液的用量为300g,重氮化PH值控制在4.5-6之间,温度为5~15℃,重氮化时间为15~20min。
进一步地,在所述步骤七中:小苏打的用量为1.3kg,醋酸钠的用量为2.35kg
进一步地,在所述步骤九中:pH值控制在4.5-5之间时,偶合温度为15℃,偶合时间为15-25分钟。
进一步地,在所述步骤十一中:皂洗液采用900g纯碱、360g肥皂及360g水配比而成,皂洗温度为90~100℃,皂洗时间为15-18min。
本发明可实现以下的有益技术效果:
结合染色物的色光及色牢度选择打底液,色酚AS-OL与色基大红RC的偶合条件稳合,并且与纤维的直接接触性好。打底液中的烧碱用理大于理论计算值,防止色酚类羟基的钠盐的水解,并同时防止空气中二氧化碳及酸气的影响。打底液中保持适当过量的游离碱,可以保护打底液的稳定性,同时保证在与显色液偶合时需达到合适的偶合pH值。打底液中还添加太古油,起到助溶和扩散作用,增加对纤维的亲和力,从而提高摩擦牢度。打底剂中加入六偏磷酸钠,以避免硬水中的钙、镁离子与色酚生成不溶性盐类而沉淀。打底液中的元明粉,提高打底剂的上染率,提高颜色深度;采用如上配方的打底液,而避免色差,染色效果佳,避免上色不均匀或产生色斑等缺陷。
在重氮化反应时,盐酸的实际用量为超过理论用量的25%~30%,使反应顺利进行并保持重氮液的稳定。加入重氮稳定剂,可提髙色盐的溶解度和稳定性,使得显色后的色泽较为鲜艳。加入中和剂,中和剂可起到缓冲作用,能维持显色液中PH值的稳定;使得物料染色均匀,避免产生条花或色花的缺陷。严格控制色浴的有关工艺条件,例如浓度、PH值、温度及时间等,获得良好的显色效果。
具体实施方式
结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
本发明是对15kg纱线作为原料进行染色处理,打底剂与显色剂分别通过化学方法使之溶解后,在纤维上合成染料,并生成不溶性色淀而达到染色的目的。
首先,对材料进行打底:根据纱线的色光、色牢度,及与显色剂的偶合条件,选择色酚AS-OL做为打底液,取量为720g。选择打底液的浴比为1:30,该浴比是根据染色设备和染色方法而确定,取浴量为360L。结合浴比及染色物所需要的深浅度,计算打底液的用量,取打底液14.5kg。根据打底液的用量,取1400ml烧碱。
将打底液色酚先用40%太古油750ML润湿,调成糊状,再加入规定量的液碱调匀使成为钠盐,加入辅助剂:六偏磷酸钠、18kg元明粉及甲醛,冲入适量沸水使其完全溶解成清彻透明的溶液。如发现有浑浊,可用直接蒸汽加热至沸。
将纱线放入打底液中浸泡15-25分钟后,打底液温度要严格控制,较高的温度虽可增进渗透效果,但会降低直接性;打底操作完成后将其取出,进行脱液处理,直到纱线不滴水后再进行使用。
然后,对材料进行显色处理。选择色基大红RC做为显色剂,色基大红RC的用量为750克;加入盐酸和亚硝酸钠,经盐酸及亚硝酸钠的重氮化作用,将色基大红RC才能溶解成重氮化溶液;盐酸的用量为750mL,亚硝酸钠的用量为300g。
取水量1.5kg,将色基先加热水调成糊状,再加盐酸使其溶解,同时对该溶解液进行加温,直至其完全溶解;然后加冰水冷却至略低于规定重氮化温度,不断搅拌徐徐加入亚硝酸钠溶液,亚硝酸钠溶液的用量为300g。控制亚硝酸钠的加入速度,若亚硝酸钠加入的速度过快,会形成大量过剩而使已经重氮化的与未重氮化的色基生成重氮氨基化合物;但如亚硝酸钠加得过慢或用量不足时,又会由于缺乏亚硝酸钠而使色基与色基自身偶合作用,形成重氮氨基化合物而呈悬浮物析出。重氮化工艺过程中:PH值控制在4.5-6之间,温度为5~15℃,重氮化时间为15~20min,直至重氮液呈现淡黄至红棕色的澄清溶液。
将色盐用20~25℃的温水调成糊状,在显色液中加入重氮稳定剂及少量醋酸;再加入冷水使之溶解,加以搅拌后形成清澈溶液。显色液保存在低温环境内,并防止阳光直射。重氮稳定剂,可提髙色盐的溶解度和稳定性;醋酸可使显色后的色泽较为鲜艳。
再加入适当的小苏打1300g及醋酸钠2350g。小苏打用于中和过量的盐酸,确保偶合作用的顺利进行,避免产生白毛、色花、色差和色萎等疵点。醋酸钠可确保显色时的PH值维持在固定的水平,避免由于不免会带入打底染色物的游离碱,使pH值增高而影响显色。
将打过底的织物浸入到配置好的显色剂中,使色基的重氮化合物或色盐的显色液和色酚的钠盐发生偶合反应,并不断翻转,控制显色液的pH值在4.5-5之间)时,使物重氮化合物能够顺利地进行偶合;偶合温度为15℃以下,并偶合15-25分钟后取出,使其均匀着色。
接着,对物料进行水洗。将染色后的物料先用冷水洗,再用热水洗,充分水洗后,去除残余重氮盐,直到纤维表面的浮色充分洗净,适当滤去水分后,进行皂洗。
对物料进行皂洗工艺时:皂洗液采用900g纯碱、360g肥皂及360g水配比而成,将温度宜控制在90~100℃,皂洗时间为15-18min。皂洗时间不宜过长,否则将已经聚合的色淀质点逐出纤维而流散进皂液,致使颜色变浅,而且会影响色泽的耐磨牢度。皂洗可去除纤维表面的浮色,同时使色淀结聚成适当大小的质点,均匀地扩散到纤维内部,获得整齐的排列,使纤维呈现鲜艳的色泽,具有较好的色牢度。
再次,对物料进行水洗:将皂洗后的物料先用冷水洗,再用热水洗,再次充分进行水洗后染色完成。
本发明的实施方式不限于此,按照本发明的上述内容,利用本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,本发明还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更,均落在本发明权利保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种彩色纱线的染色方法,其特征在于:该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一:取纱线作为染色原料;
步骤二:选择色酚AS-OL做为打底液,选择浴比,并计算打底液的用量;并根据打底液的用量,计算烧碱的用量;
步骤三:将色酚AS-OL先用太古油润湿,调成糊状,加入规定量的液碱调匀使成为钠盐,加入辅助剂六偏磷酸钠、元明粉及甲醛,加入适量沸水使其完全溶解成透明的溶液;
步骤四:将纱线放入打底液中浸泡后将其取出,进行脱液处理;
步骤五:选择色基大红RC做为显色剂,加入盐酸和亚硝酸钠,经盐酸及亚硝酸钠的重氮化作用,将色基大红RC溶解成重氮化溶液;
步骤六:将色基先加热水调成糊状,再加盐酸使其溶解,同时对该溶解液进行加温,直至其完全溶解;然后加冰水冷却至略低于规定重氮化温度,不断搅拌并加入亚硝酸钠溶液,直至重氮液呈现淡黄至红棕色的澄清溶液;
步骤七:将色盐用温水调成糊状,在显色液中加入重氮稳定剂及少量醋酸,加入冷水使之溶解,加以搅拌后形成清澈溶液;
步骤八:再加入适当的小苏打及醋酸钠,加以搅拌均匀;
步骤九:将打过底的织物浸入到配置好的显色剂中,使色基的重氮化合物或色盐的显色液和色酚的钠盐发生偶合反应,并不断翻转,控制显色液的pH值、偶合温度、及偶合时间,使其均匀着色;
步骤十:将染色后的物料先用冷水洗,接着用热水洗,充分水洗后,去适当滤去水分;
步骤十一:对水洗后的物料在设定温度下进行皂洗,皂洗液由纯碱、肥皂及水按设定比例配比而成;
步骤十二:再次对物料进行水洗:将皂洗后的物料先用冷水洗,再用热水洗,完成染色过程。
2.根据权利要求1所述彩色纱线的染色方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤一中:原料纱线的质量为15kg。
3.根据权利要求2所述彩色纱线的染色方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤二中:所述色酚AS-OL用量为720g,打底液的浴比为1:30,打底液用量为14.5kg,烧碱的用料为1400ml。
4.根据权利要求3所述彩色纱线的染色方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤三中:太古油的体积分数为40%,用量为750ML,元明粉的用量为18kg。
5.根据权利要求4所述彩色纱线的染色方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤四中:浸泡时间为15-25分钟。
6.根据权利要求5所述彩色纱线的染色方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤五中:色基大红RC的用量750克,盐酸的用量为750mL,亚硝酸钠的用量为300g。
7.根据权利要求6所述彩色纱线的染色方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤六中:水用量1.5kg,亚硝酸钠溶液的用量为300g,重氮化PH值控制在4.5-6之间,温度为5-15℃,重氮化时间为15-20min。
8.根据权利要求7所述彩色纱线的染色方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤七中:小苏打的用量为1.3kg,醋酸钠的用量为2.35kg。
9.根据权利要求8所述彩色纱线的染色方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤九中:pH值控制在4.5-5之间时,偶合温度为15℃,偶合时间为15-25分钟。
10.根据权利要求9所述彩色纱线的染色方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤十一中:皂洗液采用900g纯碱、360g肥皂及360g水配比而成,皂洗温度为90~100℃,皂洗时间为15-18min。
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