CN107488488A - 一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油 - Google Patents

一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油 Download PDF

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CN107488488A
CN107488488A CN201710690955.8A CN201710690955A CN107488488A CN 107488488 A CN107488488 A CN 107488488A CN 201710690955 A CN201710690955 A CN 201710690955A CN 107488488 A CN107488488 A CN 107488488A
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朱剑
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WUJIANG HUAWEI SPECIAL OIL Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油,其由以下重量份数的原料组成:基础油:改性棕榈液油100份、季戊四醇酯5~10份、聚α烯烃1~3份;改性添加剂:碱性中和剂0.5~3份、T704环烷酸锌0.2~0.5份、硫化烷基酚钙2~4份、十七烯基咪唑啉0.2~0.6份、乙二醇酰胺油酸硼酸酯1~3份、蓖麻油烷醇酰胺硼酸酯0.5~1.5份、苯三唑脂肪酸胺盐0.3~0.7份、烷醇酰胺0.1~0.3份、棕榈酸异辛酯2~6份。本发明制备的一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油具有较好的氧化安定性和自清净性,使用过程中的低温流动性亦较好,同时,本发明的润滑油具备较好的环保性,具有较高的经济价值和社会价值。

Description

一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑油技术领域,具体涉及一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油。
背景技术
随着人们的环境危机意识日益增强,人们普遍认识到现有的大量矿物基润滑油在生产、使用和排放过程中由于渗透、泄漏、溢出和处理不当,而造成的环境污染问题越来越严重,从社会发展的趋势来看,低碳、环保型润滑油将逐步取代现有的矿物基润滑油。
环保型润滑油是指在相对短的时间内可被活性微生物分解为水和二氧化碳的润滑油,其具有以下特点:具有良好的润滑性能,可通过节约能耗来减少环境污染;产品自身对环境无毒害、影响小;产品能被生物降解,可以分解为简单的CO2和水而被环境吸收而无危害。
环保型润滑油主要以植物油为主,与传统矿物润滑油相比,植物油天然的可再生和可生物降解性能可提供明显的环境和经济可持续发展的好处,而且植物油同时具有挥发性低、闪点高、粘度指数高以及润滑性优异等优势。因此,以植物油为主要来源的生物基润滑油就成为了环保润滑油的主要力量。然而,如何克服植物油高温氧化稳定性差、低温流动性差和水解安定性差的问题成为了限制生物基润滑油发展的主要障碍。另外,在润滑油的使用过程中,由于高温和氧化等原因导致润滑油发生自身氧化降解,产生酸性物质和积碳,在很大程度上影响了润滑油的润滑性能、缩短润滑油的使用寿命以及使用润滑油的精密仪器的运转顺畅性;因此如何改进润滑油产品,以便提高仪器的润滑效率、实现节能减排的目地,成为目前润滑油研究的热点之一。
发明内容
针对现有技术不足,本发明提供了一种耐高温低碳清净型的润滑油。
本发明解决上述技术问题采用的技术方案为:一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油,由以下重量份数的原料组成:
基础油:改性棕榈液油100份、季戊四醇酯5~10份、聚α烯烃1~3份;
改性添加剂:碱性中和剂0.5~3份、T704环烷酸锌0.2~0.5份、硫化烷基酚钙2~4份、十七烯基咪唑啉0.2~0.6份、乙二醇酰胺油酸硼酸酯1~3份、蓖麻油烷醇酰胺硼酸酯0.5~1.5份、苯三唑脂肪酸胺盐0.3~0.7份、烷醇酰胺0.1~0.3份、棕榈酸异辛酯2~6份。
作为优选,所述的一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油,由以下重量份数的原料组成:基础油:改性棕榈液油100份、季戊四醇酯8份、聚α烯烃2份;改性添加剂:碱性中和剂2份、T704环烷酸锌0.3份、硫化烷基酚钙3份、十七烯基咪唑啉0.4份、乙二醇酰胺油酸硼酸酯2份、蓖麻油烷醇酰胺硼酸酯1份、苯三唑脂肪酸胺盐0.5份、烷醇酰胺0.2份、棕榈酸异辛酯4份。
进一步地,所述的改性棕榈液油的制备方法为:取干燥处理后的棕榈液油置于反应容器中,加入两倍棕榈液油体积的甲苯,然后滴加1%棕榈液油体积的氢氧化钾-甲醇标准溶液,于65~70℃下保温反应30~60min,得反应液一;将所得反应液一洗涤至中性经干燥处理后,加入三倍反应液一体积的甲苯以及732阳离子树脂和1%反应液一体积的乙酸,混匀后缓慢滴加0.5%溶液体积的H2O2,于65~70℃下反应5~7h,得反应液二;将所得反应液二和732阳离子树脂洗涤至中性经干燥处理后,加入两倍反应液二体积的叔丁醇和3%反应液二体积的异丙醇,于65~70℃下反应5~7h,所得溶液洗涤至中性干燥后得所述改性棕榈液油。
进一步地,所述干燥处理为加入无水硫酸钠或无水氯化钙搅拌除水干燥处理。
进一步地,所述的碱性中和剂为磺酸盐和油酸盐、烷基水杨酸盐、环烷酸盐中的一种的复配,其质量份比为1~3:1。
与现有技术相比,本发明具备的有益效果为:
本发明提供的一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油中,棕榈液油甘油酯的组成范围较窄,耐高温性能较佳,经改性后有效改进了其低温流动性和高温稳定性;硼酸酯类极压抗磨助剂的使用可以提高润滑油的热稳定性和阻燃性;烷醇酰胺可以增进非离子碱性中和剂在润滑油体系中的稳定性,而且防锈润滑作用较好;碱性中和剂可以中和润滑油使用过程中产生的酸性物质,起到抗氧化、高温清净以及抑制积碳生成的作用,有效地防止润滑器械腐蚀、磨损,减少沉积物量,经实验测试证明本发明的润滑油具备良好的润滑效果和较强的环境适应性。本发明的润滑油避免了矿物基基础油的添加,最大限度的避免了润滑油的使用对环境造成的影响,所得润滑油综合润滑性能良好,具有较高的经济价值和社会价值,同时适合工业化生产和使用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。
实施例1:一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油,由以下重量份数的原料组成:基础油:改性棕榈液油100份、季戊四醇酯8份、聚α烯烃2份;改性添加剂:碱性中和剂2份、T704环烷酸锌0.3份、硫化烷基酚钙3份、十七烯基咪唑啉0.4份、乙二醇酰胺油酸硼酸酯2份、蓖麻油烷醇酰胺硼酸酯1份、苯三唑脂肪酸胺盐0.5份、烷醇酰胺0.2份、棕榈酸异辛酯4份。
进一步地,所述的改性棕榈液油的制备方法为:取经无水氯化钙干燥处理后的棕榈液油置于反应容器中,加入两倍棕榈液油体积的甲苯,然后滴加1%棕榈液油体积的氢氧化钾-甲醇标准溶液,于65℃下保温反应45min,得反应液一;将所得反应液一洗涤至中性经无水硫酸钠干燥处理后,加入三倍反应液一体积的甲苯以及732阳离子树脂和1%反应液一体积的乙酸,混匀后缓慢滴加0.5%溶液体积的H2O2,于70℃下反应6h,得反应液二;将所得反应液二和732阳离子树脂洗涤至中性经无水硫酸钠干燥处理后,加入两倍反应液二体积的叔丁醇和3%反应液二体积的异丙醇,于65℃下反应6h,所得溶液洗涤至中性经无水硫酸钠干燥后得所述改性棕榈液油。
进一步地,所述的碱性中和剂为磺酸盐和油酸盐、烷基水杨酸盐、环烷酸盐中的一种的复配,其质量份比为2:1。
所述的一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
首先,制备所述的改性棕榈液油并按照所述质量份数备取原料;然后将备取的基础油置于反应釜中进行加热搅拌,在70℃、保温、搅拌条件下加入其余各种原料,保温连续搅拌6h,过滤、冷却得到本发明的润滑油。
下述的实施例中所述的一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油的制备方法,亦同本实施例。
实施例2:一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油,由以下重量份数的原料组成:基础油:改性棕榈液油100份、季戊四醇酯5份、聚α烯烃1份;改性添加剂:碱性中和剂0.5份、T704环烷酸锌0.2份、硫化烷基酚钙2份、十七烯基咪唑啉0.2份、乙二醇酰胺油酸硼酸酯1份、蓖麻油烷醇酰胺硼酸酯0.5份、苯三唑脂肪酸胺盐0.3份、烷醇酰胺0.1份、棕榈酸异辛酯2份。
进一步地,所述的改性棕榈液油的制备方法为:取经无水硫酸钠干燥处理后的棕榈液油置于反应容器中,加入两倍棕榈液油体积的甲苯,然后滴加1%棕榈液油体积的氢氧化钾-甲醇标准溶液,于70℃下保温反应30min,得反应液一;将所得反应液一洗涤至中性经无水硫酸钠干燥处理后,加入三倍反应液一体积的甲苯以及732阳离子树脂和1%反应液一体积的乙酸,混匀后缓慢滴加0.5%溶液体积的H2O2,于65℃下反应7h,得反应液二;将所得反应液二和732阳离子树脂洗涤至中性经无水硫酸钠干燥处理后,加入两倍反应液二体积的叔丁醇和3%反应液二体积的异丙醇,于65℃下反应5h,所得溶液洗涤至中性经无水硫酸钠干燥后得所述改性棕榈液油。
进一步地,所述的碱性中和剂为磺酸盐和油酸盐、烷基水杨酸盐、环烷酸盐中的一种的复配,其质量份比为1:1。
实施例3:一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油,由以下重量份数的原料组成:基础油:改性棕榈液油100份、季戊四醇酯10份、聚α烯烃3份;改性添加剂:碱性中和剂3份、T704环烷酸锌0.5份、硫化烷基酚钙4份、十七烯基咪唑啉0.6份、乙二醇酰胺油酸硼酸酯3份、蓖麻油烷醇酰胺硼酸酯1.5份、苯三唑脂肪酸胺盐0.7份、烷醇酰胺0.3份、棕榈酸异辛酯6份。
进一步地,所述的改性棕榈液油的制备方法为:取经无水氯化钙干燥处理后的棕榈液油置于反应容器中,加入两倍棕榈液油体积的甲苯,然后滴加1%棕榈液油体积的氢氧化钾-甲醇标准溶液,于68℃下保温反应40min,得反应液一;将所得反应液一洗涤至中性经无水氯化钙干燥处理后,加入三倍反应液一体积的甲苯以及732阳离子树脂和1%反应液一体积的乙酸,混匀后缓慢滴加0.5%溶液体积的H2O2,于66℃下反应7h,得反应液二;将所得反应液二和732阳离子树脂洗涤至中性经无水氯化钙干燥处理后,加入两倍反应液二体积的叔丁醇和3%反应液二体积的异丙醇,于70℃下反应7h,所得溶液洗涤至中性经无水氯化钙干燥后得所述改性棕榈液油。
进一步地,所述的碱性中和剂为磺酸盐和油酸盐、烷基水杨酸盐、环烷酸盐中的一种的复配,其质量份比为3:2。
实施例4:一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油,由以下重量份数的原料组成:基础油:改性棕榈液油100份、季戊四醇酯5份、聚α烯烃3份;改性添加剂:碱性中和剂0.5份、T704环烷酸锌0.5份、硫化烷基酚钙2份、十七烯基咪唑啉0.6份、乙二醇酰胺油酸硼酸酯1份、蓖麻油烷醇酰胺硼酸酯1.5份、苯三唑脂肪酸胺盐0.3份、烷醇酰胺0.3份、棕榈酸异辛酯2份。
进一步地,所述的改性棕榈液油的制备方法,其具体步骤同实施例1。
进一步地,所述的碱性中和剂为磺酸盐和油酸盐、烷基水杨酸盐、环烷酸盐中的一种的复配,其质量份比为5:2。
实施例5:一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油,由以下重量份数的原料组成:基础油:改性棕榈液油100份、季戊四醇酯6份、聚α烯烃2份;改性添加剂:碱性中和剂1.5份、T704环烷酸锌0.4份、硫化烷基酚钙3份、十七烯基咪唑啉0.5份、乙二醇酰胺油酸硼酸酯2份、蓖麻油烷醇酰胺硼酸酯0.8份、苯三唑脂肪酸胺盐0.6份、烷醇酰胺0.2份、棕榈酸异辛酯5份。
进一步地,所述的改性棕榈液油的制备方法,其具体步骤同实施例1。
进一步地,所述的碱性中和剂为磺酸盐和油酸盐、烷基水杨酸盐、环烷酸盐中的一种的复配,其质量份比为2:1。
对比例1:一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油,由以下重量份数的原料组成:基础油:棕榈液油100份、季戊四醇酯8份、聚α烯烃2份;改性添加剂:碱性中和剂2份、T704环烷酸锌0.3份、硫化烷基酚钙3份、十七烯基咪唑啉0.4份、乙二醇酰胺油酸硼酸酯2份、蓖麻油烷醇酰胺硼酸酯1份、苯三唑脂肪酸胺盐0.5份、烷醇酰胺0.2份、棕榈酸异辛酯4份。
进一步地,所述的碱性中和剂为磺酸盐和油酸盐、烷基水杨酸盐、环烷酸盐中的一种的复配,其质量份比为2:1。
所述的一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
首先,按照所述质量份数备取原料;然后将备取的基础油置于反应釜中进行加热搅拌,在70℃、保温、搅拌条件下加入其余各种原料,保温连续搅拌6h,过滤、冷却得到本发明的润滑油。
对比例2:一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油,由以下重量份数的原料组成:基础油:改性棕榈液油100份、季戊四醇酯8份、聚α烯烃2份;改性添加剂:T704环烷酸锌0.3份、硫化烷基酚钙3份、十七烯基咪唑啉0.4份、乙二醇酰胺油酸硼酸酯2份、蓖麻油烷醇酰胺硼酸酯1份、苯三唑脂肪酸胺盐0.5份、烷醇酰胺0.2份、棕榈酸异辛酯4份。
进一步地,所述的改性棕榈液油的制备方法为:取经无水氯化钙干燥处理后的棕榈液油置于反应容器中,加入两倍棕榈液油体积的甲苯,然后滴加1%棕榈液油体积的氢氧化钾-甲醇标准溶液,于65℃下保温反应45min,得反应液一;将所得反应液一洗涤至中性经无水硫酸钠干燥处理后,加入三倍反应液一体积的甲苯以及732阳离子树脂和1%反应液一体积的乙酸,混匀后缓慢滴加0.5%溶液体积的H2O2,于70℃下反应6h,得反应液二;将所得反应液二和732阳离子树脂洗涤至中性经无水硫酸钠干燥处理后,加入两倍反应液二体积的叔丁醇和3%反应液二体积的异丙醇,于65℃下反应6h,所得溶液洗涤至中性经无水硫酸钠干燥后得所述改性棕榈液油。
所述的一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油的制备方法,其具体步骤同实施例1。
取相同量的上述实施例1-5及对比例1-2的润滑油在相同条件下做运行清净性能测试,结果如下表所示:
性能 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5 对比例1 对比例2
板式成焦板间歇实验,沉积物/mg 22 25 27 24 22 28 35
板式成焦板连续实验,沉积物/mg 38 41 48 44 39 44 52
高温氧化安定性能测试结果如下表所示,所述的高温氧化处理为:称取等量实施例1、对比例1-2的润滑油,分别倒入三个密闭容器中,将密闭容器盖上密封盖置入高温炉中,经200℃,加热200h进行快速氧化试验;按GB/T265和GB/T3142测定高温试验前、后试样的 40℃运动粘度、润滑性PB值。
经高温氧化处理后,油样40℃运动粘度变化率不大于15%,润滑性PB值变化率低于10%,且板式成焦沉积量较小,因此本发明制备的一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油具有较好的氧化安定性和自清净性,使用过程中的低温流动性亦较好,同时,本发明的润滑油具备较好的环保性,具有较高的经济价值和社会价值。
当然,上述说明并非对本发明的限制,本发明也并不限于上述实施例,本技术领域的技术人员,在本发明的实质范围内,所作出的变化、改型、添加或替换,都应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油,其特征在于,由以下重量份数的原料组成:
基础油:改性棕榈液油100份、季戊四醇酯5~10份、聚α烯烃1~3份;
改性添加剂:碱性中和剂0.5~3份、T704环烷酸锌0.2~0.5份、硫化烷基酚钙2~4份、十七烯基咪唑啉0.2~0.6份、乙二醇酰胺油酸硼酸酯1~3份、蓖麻油烷醇酰胺硼酸酯0.5~1.5份、苯三唑脂肪酸胺盐0.3~0.7份、烷醇酰胺0.1~0.3份、棕榈酸异辛酯2~6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油,其特征在于,由以下重量份数的原料组成:基础油:改性棕榈液油100份、季戊四醇酯8份、聚α烯烃2份;改性添加剂:碱性中和剂2份、T704环烷酸锌0.3份、硫化烷基酚钙3份、十七烯基咪唑啉0.4份、乙二醇酰胺油酸硼酸酯2份、蓖麻油烷醇酰胺硼酸酯1份、苯三唑脂肪酸胺盐0.5份、烷醇酰胺0.2份、棕榈酸异辛酯4份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油,其特征在于:所述的改性棕榈液油的制备方法为:取干燥处理后的棕榈液油置于反应容器中,加入两倍棕榈液油体积的甲苯,然后滴加1%棕榈液油体积的氢氧化钾-甲醇标准溶液,于65~70℃下保温反应30~60min,得反应液一;将所得反应液一洗涤至中性经干燥处理后,加入三倍反应液一体积的甲苯以及732阳离子树脂和1%反应液一体积的乙酸,混匀后缓慢滴加0.5%溶液体积的H2O2,于65~70℃下反应5~7h,得反应液二;将所得反应液二和732阳离子树脂洗涤至中性经干燥处理后,加入两倍反应液二体积的叔丁醇和3%反应液二体积的异丙醇,于65~70℃下反应5~7h,所得溶液洗涤至中性干燥后得所述改性棕榈液油。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油,其特征在于:所述干燥处理为加入无水硫酸钠或无水氯化钙搅拌除水干燥处理。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种耐高温低碳清净型润滑油,其特征在于:所述的碱性中和剂为磺酸盐和油酸盐、烷基水杨酸盐、环烷酸盐中的一种的复配,其质量份比为1~3:1。
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