CN106566640A - 一种镁合金板带材轧制乳化液及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种镁合金板带材轧制乳化液及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106566640A
CN106566640A CN201610953054.9A CN201610953054A CN106566640A CN 106566640 A CN106566640 A CN 106566640A CN 201610953054 A CN201610953054 A CN 201610953054A CN 106566640 A CN106566640 A CN 106566640A
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CN106566640B (zh
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孙建林
张炳涛
苑光照
董唱
熊桑
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种镁合金板带材轧制乳化液及其制备方法，涉及润滑剂及镁合金板带材轧制领域。本发明选择季戊四醇油酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷混合酸酯和PAO‑10作为基础油，TX‑4和TX‑7作为乳化剂，硬脂酸丁酯和C12~14醇作为油性剂，磷酸酯和含氮硼酸酯作为极压剂，三乙醇胺、脂肪酸烷基醇酰胺作为防锈剂，乳化硅油作为消泡剂，苯基化萘胺作为抗氧剂，制备具有润滑、防锈、清洗、环保并可循环使用的镁合金板带材轧制乳化液，减少板带表面黏着造成的损伤，降低产品边角开裂情况，清洗掉轧制过程中产生的大量镁粉，有效提高产品表面质量和尺寸精度，同时降低了企业生产成本。

Description

一种镁合金板带材轧制乳化液及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于轧制板带材加工润滑技术领域，具体涉及镁合金板带材轧制的乳化液及其制备方法。
背景技术
镁合金作为迄今为止在实际应用中最轻的金属结构材料，在汽车、航空航天、电子电路领域得到越来越广泛的应用。板带轧制是镁合金最主要的变形方式之一，但是对于镁合金轧制润滑领域的研究却相对较少。
镁合金板带材在轧制过程中，由于轧辊与轧件之间的摩擦，出现“黏镁”现象，不仅浪费能源，还降低轧制速度。此外，镁在高温下易氧化，而镁合金一般采用中温轧制，轧制温度一般在250～400℃易被氧化的温度范围，给镁合金的润滑增加了困难。轧制润滑技术有助于防粘降摩、降低轧制消耗和改善轧后产品表面质量等优点，还可以控制和改善晶粒组织等作用。目前大多数镁合金板带生产企业在生产过程中不采用任何润滑剂，直接干轧，但会引起板带材表面质量差、厚度不均、边缘开裂等缺陷；如果选用全油型润滑液，虽然润滑性和防锈性较好，但是冷却效果较差，易发生轧件黏辊等不良影响；同时润滑油对板带材表面污染严重，生产过程中产生的大量镁粉颗粒，并造成巨大的能源浪费，同时轧辊的隔绝保温作用不够理想，轧制温度不够稳定，因此，需要开发一种油水分散均匀的乳化液。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种镁合金板带材轧制乳化液及制备方法，不仅润滑性能、防锈抗氧性能优良，同时能够清洗轧制过程中产生的大量镁粉颗粒，提高镁合金板带材的表面质量；还能利用乳化液的“离水展着性”使油份吸附在轧辊表面，起到隔绝保温的作用，稳定轧制温度，降低轧辊的“黏镁”程度，同时同时轧制乳化液能够减少轧制能耗，提高生产成品率，并且可循环使用且使用周期较长，降低企业生产成本。
本发明通过下述技术方案予以实现：镁合金板带材轧制乳化液选择季戊四醇油酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷混合酸酯和PAO-10作为基础油，TX-4和TX-7作为乳化剂，硬脂酸丁酯和C12～14醇作为油性剂，磷酸酯和含氮硼酸酯作为极压剂，三乙醇胺、脂肪酸烷基醇酰胺作为防锈剂，乳化硅油作为消泡剂，苯基化萘胺作为抗氧剂。
镁合金板带材轧制乳化液的具体组分及所占重量百分比如下。
序号 组分名称 重量百分比(％)
1 季戊四醇油酸酯 6.0～10.0
2 三羟甲基丙烷混合酸酯 6.0～10.0
3 PAO-10 3.0～6.0
4 TX-4 0.1～0.4
5 TX-7 0.1～0.4
6 硬脂酸丁酯 0.5～1.0
7 C12～14醇 0.3～0.8
8 磷酸酯 0.1～0.5
9 含氮硼酸酯 0.1～0.5
10 三乙醇胺 0.1～0.5
11 脂肪酸烷基醇酰胺 0.1～0.5
12 乳化硅油 0.005～0.05
13 苯基化萘胺 0.1～0.5
14 去离子水 75.0～80.0
在具体成分中，乳化剂TX-4和TX-7的复配重量比例范围为0.8～1.2，油性剂硬脂酸丁酯和C12～14醇的复配重量比例范围为0.8～2.0，极压剂磷酸酯和含氮硼酸酯的复配重量比例范围为：0.5～1.2，防锈剂三乙醇胺和脂肪酸烷基醇酰胺的复配重量比例范围为：0.5～1.0。
上述镁合金板带材轧制乳化液的制备步骤为：
为避免各类添加剂之间的相互反应影响各自的效果，乳化液各成分的加入具有特定的次序。
1、将上述配方量的油性剂、极压剂、防锈剂、抗氧剂按先后顺序加入超声波分散器中混合均匀，得到混合添加剂；
2、将基础油和步骤1得到的混合添加剂加入反应釜中，在转速为100～140r/min下边加热边搅拌至60～85℃，恒温搅拌时间为25～45分钟，然后冷却至35～45℃保温10～15分钟；
3、搅拌结束后，将消泡剂加入反应釜中，再向其中加入配方量TX-4和TX-7，加热至50～70℃恒温搅拌15～25分钟，冷却至室温，得到镁合金板带材轧制基础乳化油；
4、将步骤3得到的轧制基础乳化油放入超声波分散器中，进行超声分散，再将配方量去离子水缓慢加入，加热至55～75℃恒温搅拌20～40分钟，最终得到乳白色均匀液体，即镁合金板带材轧制乳化液。
步骤1所述的超声分散，是在15～25KHz的频率下超声25～35分钟。
步骤4所述的超声分散，是在15～25KHz的频率下超声15～25分钟。
本发明的优点在于可以直接用于镁合金板带材轧制生产过程。该乳化液具有油膜强度高、摩擦系数小、稳定性好、板面清洁性好等良好的润滑特性，不仅利用了乳化液中油份对轧辊起到隔绝保温作用，而且还利用了水分清洗掉轧制过程中产生的大量镁粉，从而有效地改善了产品表面质量，降低了轧制能耗，而且环保无毒，对环境污染小，同时循环使用后，大大降低了企业生产成本。
具体实施例
实施例1
实施例1配方见下表：
按上表的各组分重量配方，制备镁合金板带材轧制乳化液。将硬脂酸丁酯(8g)、C12～14醇(5g)、磷酸酯(1g)、含氮硼酸酯(1.9g)、三乙醇胺(2g)、脂肪酸烷基醇酰胺(3g)、苯基化萘胺(2g)按先后顺序加入超声波分散器中，在25KHz的频率下超声25分钟，使这四种添加剂混合均匀。然后将季戊四醇油酸酯(60g)、三羟甲基丙烷混合酸酯(100g)、PAO-10(30g)和上述油性剂、极压剂、防锈剂、抗氧剂的混合添加剂加入反应釜中，在转速为140r/min下边加热边搅拌至85℃，恒温搅拌时间为25分钟，然后冷却至45℃保温10分钟；搅拌结束后，将乳化硅油(0.1g)加入反应釜中，再向其中加入TX-4(2g)和TX-7(3g)，加热至70℃恒温搅拌15分钟，冷却至室温，得到镁合金板带材轧制基础乳化油。然后将所得到的轧制基础乳化油放入超声波分散器中，在25KHz的频率下超声15分钟。最后将去离子水(782g)缓慢加入乳化油中，加热至75℃恒温搅拌20分钟，最终得到乳白色均匀液体，即镁合金板带材轧制乳化液。
实施例2
实施例2配方见下表：
按上表的各组分重量配方，制备镁合金板带材轧制乳化液。将硬脂酸丁酯(8g)、C12～14醇(5g)、磷酸酯(1g)、含氮硼酸酯(1.9g)、三乙醇胺(2g)、脂肪酸烷基醇酰胺(3g)、苯基化萘胺(2g)按先后顺序加入超声波分散器中，在25KHz的频率下超声25分钟，使这四种添加剂混合均匀。然后将季戊四醇油酸酯(60g)、三羟甲基丙烷混合酸酯(100g)、PAO-10(30g)和上述油性剂、极压剂、防锈剂、抗氧剂的混合添加剂加入反应釜中，在转速为140r/min下边加热边搅拌至85℃，恒温搅拌时间为25分钟，然后冷却至45℃保温10分钟；搅拌结束后，将乳化硅油(0.1g)加入反应釜中，再向其中加入TX-4(2g)和TX-7(3g)，加热至70℃恒温搅拌15分钟，冷却至室温，得到镁合金板带材轧制基础乳化油。然后将所得到的轧制基础乳化油放入超声波分散器中，在25KHz的频率下超声15分钟。最后将去离子水(782g)缓慢加入乳化油中，加热至75℃恒温搅拌20分钟，最终得到乳白色均匀液体，即镁合金板带材轧制乳化液。
实施例2
实施例2配方见下表：
按上表的各组分重量配方，制备镁合金板带材轧制乳化液。将硬脂酸丁酯(6g)、C12～14醇(4g)、磷酸酯(1.5g)、含氮硼酸酯(1.4g)、三乙醇胺(2g)、脂肪酸烷基醇酰胺(3g)、苯基化萘胺(2g)按先后顺序加入超声波分散器中，在20KHz的频率下超声30分钟，使这四种添加剂混合均匀。然后将季戊四醇油酸酯(75g)、三羟甲基丙烷混合酸酯(75g)、PAO-10(50g)和上述油性剂、极压剂、防锈剂、抗氧剂的混合添加剂加入反应釜中，在转速为120r/min下边加热边搅拌至75℃，恒温搅拌时间为30分钟，然后冷却至40℃保温13分钟；搅拌结束后将乳化硅油(0.1g)加入反应釜中，再向其中加入TX-4(2g)和TX-7(3g)，加热至60℃恒温搅拌20分钟，冷却至室温，得到镁合金板带材轧制基础乳化油。然后将所得到的轧制基础乳化油放入超声波分散器中，在20KHz的频率下超声20分钟。最后将去离子水(775g)缓慢加入乳化油中，加热至65℃恒温搅拌30分钟，最终得到乳白色均匀液体，即镁合金板带材轧制乳化液。
制得的产品性能指标如下：
序号 项目 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3
1 乳化液外观(25℃-35℃) 乳白色液体 乳白色液体 乳白色液体
2 运动粘度(40℃)，mm2/s 1.45 1.52 1.58
3 乳化液PB，N 588 618 588
4 乳化液摩擦系数 0.0593 0.0612 0.0624
5 平衡接触角，° 38° 40° 35°
6 乳化液防锈性 1级 1级 1级
7 析油析皂量，％ 5 6 5

Claims (6)

1.一种镁合金板带材轧制乳化液，其特征在于，选择季戊四醇油酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷混合酸酯和PAO-10作为基础油，TX-4和TX-7作为乳化剂，硬脂酸丁酯和C12~14醇作为油性剂，磷酸酯和含氮硼酸酯作为极压剂，三乙醇胺、脂肪酸烷基醇酰胺作为防锈剂，乳化硅油作为消泡剂，苯基化萘胺作为抗氧剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的镁合金板带材轧制乳化液，其特征在于，具体组分及按重量百分比计，季戊四醇油酸酯：6.0%~10.0%，三羟甲基丙烷混合酸酯：6.0%~10.0%，PAO-10：3.0%~6.0%，TX-4：0.1%~0.4%，TX-7：0.1%~0.4%，硬脂酸丁酯：0.5%~1.0%，C12~14醇：0.3%~0.8%，磷酸酯：0.1%~0.5%，含氮硼酸酯：0.1%~0.5%，三乙醇胺：0.1%~0.5%，脂肪酸烷基醇酰胺：0.1%~0.5%，乳化硅油：0.005%~0.05%，苯基化萘胺：0.1%~0.5%，去离子水：75.0%~80.0%。
3.如权利要求1所述的镁合金板带材轧制乳化液，其特征在于，在具体成分中，乳化剂TX-4和TX-7的复配重量比例范围为0.8~1.2，油性剂硬脂酸丁酯和C12~14醇的复配重量比例范围为0.8~2.0，极压剂磷酸酯和含氮硼酸酯的复配重量比例范围为：0.5~1.2，防锈剂三乙醇胺和脂肪酸烷基醇酰胺的复配重量比例范围为：0.5~1.0。
4.权利要求1-3任一项所述镁合金板带材轧制乳化液的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤是：
1）将上述配方量的油性剂、极压剂、防锈剂、抗氧剂按先后顺序加入超声波分散器中混合均匀，得到混合添加剂；
2）将基础油和步骤1）得到的混合添加剂加入反应釜中，在转速为100~140r/min下边加热边搅拌至60~85℃，恒温搅拌时间为25~45分钟，然后冷却至35~45℃保温10~15分钟；
3）搅拌结束后，将消泡剂加入反应釜中，再向其中加入配方量TX-4和TX-7，加热至50~70℃恒温搅拌15~25分钟，冷却至室温，得到镁合金板带材轧制基础乳化油；
4）将步骤3）得到的轧制基础乳化油放入超声波分散器中，进行超声分散，再将配方量去离子水缓慢加入，加热至55~75℃恒温搅拌20~40分钟，最终得到乳白色均匀液体，即镁合金板带材轧制乳化液。
5.如权利要求4所述的镁合金板带材轧制乳化液的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤1）所述的超声分散，是在15~25KHz的频率下超声25~35分钟。
6.如权利要求4所述的镁合金板带材轧制乳化液的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤4）所述的超声分散，是在15~25KHz的频率下超声15~25分钟。
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