CN107487513A - 运输容器 - Google Patents

运输容器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107487513A
CN107487513A CN201710419216.5A CN201710419216A CN107487513A CN 107487513 A CN107487513 A CN 107487513A CN 201710419216 A CN201710419216 A CN 201710419216A CN 107487513 A CN107487513 A CN 107487513A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
container
shipping
wall
shipping container
assemblies
Prior art date
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Granted
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CN201710419216.5A
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English (en)
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CN107487513B (zh
Inventor
马库斯·芬克
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FINKE FORMENBAU GmbH
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FINKE FORMENBAU GmbH
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    • B65D7/00—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal
    • B65D7/12—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal characterised by wall construction or by connections between walls
    • B65D7/24—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal characterised by wall construction or by connections between walls collapsible, e.g. with all parts detachable
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    • B65D11/1866—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of plastics material collapsible, i.e. with walls hinged together or detachably connected with detachable components
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Stackable Containers (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种运输集装箱：(1)有由塑料制成的多层结构容器，其中容器(2,3)由容器底部和周边容器壁(17)形成，其特征在于，所述容器底部(9)成为覆盖所述输送托盘(4a，4b)或其一部分的总面积，所述周边容器壁(17)由设置在其上的直立壁和加强件形成，容器(2,3)由具有两个横向容器组件的容器组件可拆卸地组装，其中彼此相邻设置的容器组件以互锁和/或力配合方式连接在容器壁(17)和容器底部(9)的区域中，并且互相重叠的容器沿着容器的长边的方式铰接在一起，使得上部容器(2)可以在原始位置之间移动，其中上部容器(2)以例如当关闭直接设置在其下方的容器(3)的上部容器开口的方式设置，以及上部容器(2)围绕铰接连接件的旋转轴线的摆动位置摆动，可以使得直接设置在其下方的容器的上部容器开口(3)打开。

Description

运输容器
技术领域
本发明涉及由塑料制成的多层结构的运输容器。
背景技术
已知目前有各种不同实施例的各种类型和小部分的货物运输容器。例如，文献DE19 42864公开了一种类似叉车、可以运输任何货物的运输容器，运输容器由可根据需要以不同方式组装的各个部件组成，例如那些部件可以形成具有堆叠列的托盘，在上面可以放置另外的托盘和容器，或者形成具有侧壁的单堆叠或多堆叠容器，其可以被移除，使得它们可以从侧面装载和卸载，其中通过插入侧壁可以关闭容器。
也可以从文献DE 10 2014 105 871 A1公开了可组装的运输集装箱，可调节运输集装箱的大小，以改变其运输量。
文献DE 40 37 696 A1公开了由相互匹配的模块化元件形成的模块化容器系统，其中元件具体尺寸相同，使得它们可以组合以形成不同的容器。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种由塑料制成的多层结构的运输容器，这种多功能的运输容器可使装卸货物变得更简单。
通过独立权利要求1所要求的塑料多层结构的运输容器解决了如何简单装卸货物的问题。实施例形成了从属权利要求的本项目的主要内容。
一方面，运输容器设有由塑料制成的容器多层结构，其中容器由容器底部和周边容器壁构成，其中，所述容器底部被制成覆盖运输托盘或其一部分的总面积。周边容器壁由直立壁和设置在其上的增强件构成。容器可从具有两个横向容器组件的容器组件可拆卸地组装，其中彼此相邻设置的容器组件以互锁和/或配合方式连接在容器壁和容器底部的区域中。直接互相重叠的容器沿着容器的长边铰接在一起，这使得上部容器可以在原始位置之间移动，其中上部容器以如下方式设置：例如当关闭位于容器下方的上部容器开口，以及上部容器围绕铰接连接件的旋转轴线的摆动位置摆动，使得直接设置在其下方的容器的上部容器开口打开。
在容器的多层结构中，容器直接设置在彼此的顶部，其通常也可以称为条板箱，以至少是部分铰接的方式放置在顶部。这种方式，在一个实施例中，在上部容器的底部区域中，围绕外部周边连续地或不连续地延伸的突出部以铰接方式啮合在下部容器中的相关部分中，例如在下部容器的上周缘的区域中。当底部区域中的凸起被设置在存储区域上时，例如在底部区域上，上部容器的定位或存储元件可以由底部区域中的凸起形成。
容器或容器部件可作为注塑件生产，其中回收塑料可用于这方面。
上部容器可以通过锁定装置被锁定在摆动位置。至少可以在摆动位置上进行锁定，以确保上部容器卡入摆动位置。在这方面，锁定装置可以包括导向部件，当上下摆动时，沿着突出部引导，该凸起穿入例如设置在下部容器的上边缘处的引导部件中。在末端位置，导向部件锁定，使上部容器固定在摆动位置。随后摆动它，引导组件可从锁定位置释放，以便将上部容器向下摆动到下部容器的位置上。
当上部容器被布置在容器的初始位置时，上部容器可以被支撑起来以防止被摆动，而容器的初始位置通过闭合装置布置在容器的下方。一个或多个闭合件，其通过关闭相应的封闭件将上部容器固定在直接位于其下方的容器上的初始位置。一个或多个封闭件可以设置在运输容器的前部。一个或多个封闭件可以专门设置在前部的区域中，即在设置在后面的铰接连接的相对侧上。
容器底部可以包括至少在底表面的一部分中的开口。至少在容器底部的一部分中，可提供格栅层，因此开口被设置在网格结构中。网格结构可以完全覆盖容器或箱子的相应底面。它可以由设置在它们之间的腹板和开口形成。网格结构可以在整个网格层上以相同的方式形成，例如用蜂巢或风筝结构。或者，容器底部可以部分或完全地被制造成封闭的底部。
横向构件可形成为一侧开口的箱组件，并且至少一个中央容器组件可以形成为两侧开口的箱组件。侧容器组件和/或至少一个中央容器组件可以形成一个组件或多个组合的壁组件。在一个实施例中，壁部形成组件可以被夹在底部或以不同的方式固定，例如可拆卸。在一个实施例中，侧向容器组件之是可以形成相同或不同宽度的多个中央容器组件。
所述容器组件之间的连接可以设置有榫舌和凹槽连接。榫舌和凹槽连接可以形成在直立侧壁的区域和/或在容器底部的区域中。以互补的方式或作为替代方案，容器组件可以拧在一起。在这方面，可以在容器组件上提供开口和相关螺纹凸台。
容器组件之间的连接可以设置有互锁连接，其中凸起以互锁方式接合在相关联的凹部中。所述互锁连接可以形成在所述直立侧壁的区域和/或在所述容器底部的区域中。所述凸起可以设置在垂直取向壁部分上，并且沿容器组件的方向进行固定，这样，当容器组件组装时，它们可以被容纳在相对容器组件中的相关凹部中。
当容器组件可拆卸地组装时，凹槽可以布置在彼此面对的表面部分的一个或两个表面上。所述表面凹槽可设置在与所述容器组件接合的其中之一个连接附近。凹槽可以部分地具有平坦的齿形结构，例如具有金字塔或截锥形金字塔。
所述加强件可包括加强肋，所述加强肋从容器壁的直立壁向外和/或向内突出。所述加强肋可以形成在容器壁上作为竖直平坦部分。沿容器壁的加强肋的深度可以改变容器壁的高度。作为示例，加强肋可以在与容器的底部相邻的底部区域中深入，并且因此比在上端区域更宽。
在向内突出设置有加强肋的情况下，它们可以形成用于可放置在容器中的可释放存储部件的推入座。插入件可被插入一个或多个推入座中，例如以直立壁插件的形式，从而容器的负荷量可以被分解。此外，泡沫块可以通过推入座固定在容器中，该块用于容纳在运输容器中运输的物体。
在设置在堆栈顶部的容器中，顶部容器开口可以至少部分地被盖子封闭。盖子可以在一个或多个部分中被形成。盖子可以完全从容器中被移除。在一个实施例中，该盖子设置有至少两个铰链安装在容器的相对侧上的盖子部分。盖子部件可以分别覆盖子与容器组件中的一个相关联的容器开口的区域。这种方式，当容器较宽时，例如通过插入另外的中央容器组件，可以将相关的盖子部件结合到盖子中。
设置在堆栈底部的容器可以设置在一个或多个传送托盘上，其中所述底部容器的底部完全覆盖所述一个或多个运输托盘的装载表面。装载表面可以对应于一半或全部面积的托盘。一个或多个运输托盘可装卸地固定在运输容器堆栈的固定装置。
密封元件可设置在容器组件的相对面上。密封元件可以被制成成为由弹性材料，例如橡胶，制成的密封条。密封元件可以被固定在相关表面上，可选择用粘合剂固定，或者可以将其固定在相关表面上的凹部中。密封元件可以使运输容器防水，防尘或气密。在一个实施例中，密封元件可以设置在相邻壁之间的不同分离区域中，以便在组装时密封相应的区域。
当容器底部成为覆盖多个运输托盘的整面时，运输托盘通过托盘连接器连接在一起。容器底部的区域覆盖运输托盘的区域。例如，该托盘连接器可作为由金属特别是铝制成的轮廓。在托板彼此移动时，托盘连接器在这方面可以插入到托盘上的相关联的凹部中。垫板可以放置在托盘中间。
运输固定装置可以设置在例如泡沫条或片材制成的容器中。在一个实施例中，输送固定装置可均匀间隔开。运输固定装置可以在墙壁上插入到相关联的推入座中。
一个或多个固定环可以安装在容器上，例如夹在底部上。在运输容器内的运输物品可以借助于固定环而被压下来。可为可选的附加固定环提供锚固点。锚固点可以由预定的断裂点产生，这些断裂点允许锚定点被移除，以便形成插入固定环的孔。
闭合凸耳可以由铰链安装。在关闭状态下，固定凸耳可以穿过闭合凸耳中的孔，使得固定杆或挂锁可以被引入固定凸耳的开口中，以将闭合凸块固定在关闭位置。
附图说明
现在将借助附图更详细地描述其它示例性实施例，其中：
如图1所示，由塑料制成的两个容器的多层结构的运输容器的示意透视图。
如图2所示，图1的运输容器的示意性透视图。
如图3所示，横向容器组件的示意性透视图。
如图4所示，一个中央容器组件的示意性透视图。
如图5所示，侧面的运输容器的示意性透视图，其中盖子被关闭。
如图6所示，图5的运输容器的示意性透视图。
如图7所示，图1的运输容器的托盘的示意性透视图。
如图8所示，盖子的示意性透视图。
如图9所示，在组装之前的另一个运输集装箱的示意性透视图。
如图10所示，组装后的图9的另一运输容器的示意性透视图。
如图11所示，设置在其中的具有运输固定装置的容器的示意图。
如图12所示，密封部分的示意性透视图。
如图13所示，具有固定环的容器的一部分以及固定环的示意性透视图，并且,
如图14所示，是具有闭合凸耳的截面的示意透视图。
具体实施方式
图1和图2是运输容器1的示意性透视图，其中上部容器2和下部容器3直接设置在彼此的上下。下部容器3设置在两个托盘4a，4b上，并通过固定装置5可拆卸地固定在托盘上。由两个托盘4a，4b一起形成的装载面6完全覆盖在下部容器3的底面7上。此外，上部容器2的底面8具有与底面7相同的尺寸。
容器底部9形成为具有在整个底表面8上延伸的格栅结构的网格层10。网格层10由腹板10a和由腹板10a包围的开口10b形成。突出部11和相关联的凹部12(也参见图3)被集成到网格层10中。当上部容器2,3和下部容器2,3从容器部件可拆卸地组装时，突出部11设置在相关联的凹部12中。在这方面，图3和图4是一个侧面容器组件以及一个中央容器组件40的透视图。
如图5和图6所示，上部容器2和下部容器3通过铰接件14沿着容器13的长边铰接。锁定装置15设置有引导部件15a以及在图5和图6所示的摆动位置和图1和图2所示的原始位置之间被引导的相关联的引导销15b，当在引导部件15a的细长凹部15c向上和向下摆动时。在图5和图6所示的摆动位置，上部容器2通过锁紧装置锁定15。为了使其向下摆动，锁定装置15被释放。
在所示的实施例中，两个容器彼此重叠并且被设置在托盘4a，4b上。或者，这种类型的两个以上的容器可以堆叠在另一个之上。
上部和下部容器2,3分别由图3所示的两个横向容器组件30以及可在图4中看到的中央容器组件40组装。或者，多个中央容器组件40可以设置在两个侧向容器组件30之间，例如最多可设置三个。此外，可以完全省去中央容器组件40。
除了在容器底部的区域中通过突出部11和相关联的凹部12的连接之外，在容器2,3的直立侧壁17的区域中另外设置榫舌和凹槽连接件16。或者，可以省略突出部11和榫舌和凹槽连接件16，从而容器组件30,40可以拧在一起。
加强肋18从容器壁17向内和向外突出。如图3所示，利用加强肋18，可以在内侧19上形成推入座20，例如，可以推动泡沫块以便将它们固定在相应的容器2,3内。在一个实施例中，这种类型的泡沫组件(未示出)可以互锁的方式容纳待运输的物品或部件。待运输的物品可以以这种方式被定位并被固定在相应的容器内。
从图1和图2可以看出，盖子21铰接在上部容器2上，使得上部容器2可以打开以进行装载或卸载。图8是由相邻的盖子组件22,23形成的盖子21的中心盖部分21b(也参见下面的图9)的示意图。
图7是托盘4a，4b之一的示意性透视图。托盘支撑表面26形成在托板底面24,25上，在所示的实施例中，托板支撑表面26具有封闭的底部27，其上设置有带有腹板27b的加强件27a。腹板27b形成隔室28，物体可以通过容器2,3的格板10落下。托盘4a，4b的底部27可以覆盖容器2,3的整个底部区域。
上部容器2通过闭合装置29固定在下部容器3上，闭合装置29示出了其中的几个，并且在所示的实施例中，上部容器2设置有闭合凸块29a(参见图1)。闭合装置29防止上部容器2在闭合时向上摆动。
图9和图10是组装之前和之后的另外的运输容器1的示意性透视图；与图9相反，图10是具有上部和下部容器2,3的运输容器的示意图。与前述附图中使用的相同的附图标记用于与此相同的特征。
盖子部分21a、21b、21c是与中央容器组件40和侧容器组件30相关联的。为了形成容器底部9，例如，托盘4a，4b借助于由金属(特别是铝)制成的托盘连接器50a，50b固定在一起。在这方面，当托盘4a，4b向彼此移动时，托盘连接器50a，50b被推入托盘4a，4b中的相关联的凹部中。间隔件51设置在托盘4a，4b之间。
图11是设有传送固定装置60的容器的视图，在所示的实施例中，其由泡沫条或片材制成。在所示的实施例中，输送固定装置60被均匀地间隔开。运输固定装置60在壁上被插入到相关的推入座19中。
图12示出了具有密封元件70的截面的示意性透视图，在所示实施例中，密封元件70是由弹性材料(例如橡胶)制成的密封条。密封元件70可以放置在相关联的表面71上，可以选择通过粘合剂被固定或者被固定设置在相关联的表面71上的凹槽中。密封元件70可以使输送容器1防水、防尘和/或气密。在图9的实施例中，密封元件可以设置在区域72a，72b，72c中，以便在组装时密封相应的区域。
图13是固定环80夹持在底部的容器的一部分以及单独的固定环的示意性透视图。在运输容器中接收的运输物品可借助于固定环80而被压下。所示实施例中的锚固点81由预定的断裂点形成，这些断裂点允许移除锚定点81，以便形成用于插入固定环的孔。
图14是有铰链安装的闭合凸耳29a的截面的示意性透视图。在闭合状态(见图14右侧图)，固定凸耳90穿过闭合凸块29a中的孔91，使得固定杆或挂锁可以被引入到固定凸耳90的开口92中，以将闭合凸块29a固定在关闭位置。
本说明书、权利要求书和附图中所公开的特征，在生成各种实施例方面，无论单独还是任意组合都具有显著性。

Claims (15)

1.一种运输容器(1)，其特征在于，其有由塑料制成的多层结构的容器：
容器(2,3)由容器底部和周边容器壁(17)形成，其中，所述容器底部(9)构成为覆盖运送托盘(4a，4b)的总面积或一部分。
周边容器壁(17)由直立壁和设置在其上的加强件(18)形成。
容器(2,3)由具有两个横向容器组件(30)的容器组件可拆卸地组装，其中彼此相邻设置的容器组件以互锁和/或力配合方式连接在容器壁(17)和容器底部(9)的区域中，以及
直接互相重叠的容器沿着容器的长边(13)铰接在一起，以使得上部容器(2)可以在原始位置之间移动，其中上部容器(2)以例如当关闭直接设置在其下方的容器(3)的上部容器开口的方式设置，以及上部容器(2)围绕铰接连接件的旋转轴线的摆动位置摆动，使得直接设置在其下方的容器(3)的上部容器开口打开。
2.如权利要求1所述的运输容器，其特征在于，上部容器(2)可借助于锁定装置(15)锁定在摆动位置。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的运输容器，其特征在于，当上部容器(2)在初始位置设置于设置在其正下方的容器(3)上时，可以通过关闭装置(28)将上部容器(2)固定起来防止摆动。
4.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的运输容器(1)，其特征在于，所述容器底部(9)在所述底面的至少一部分中设置有开口(10b)。
5.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的运输集容器(1)，其特征在于，至少一个中央容器组件(40)设置在所述两个横向容器组件(30)之间。
6.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的运输容器(1)，其特征在于所述两个侧容器组件(30)被配置为箱组件，其在一侧开口，并且至少一个中央容器组件(40)被设定为两侧开口的箱组件。
7.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的运输容器(1)，其特征在于，所述容器部件(30，40)之间的连接件设置有舌槽连接。
8.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的运输容器(1)，其特征在于，容器组件(30,40)之间的连接设置有互锁的连接，其中突出部(11)以互锁的方式接合在相关联的凹部(12)中。
9.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的运输容器(1)，其特征在于，凹槽设置在一个或两个表面的部分上，所述部分可拆卸地接触容器组件(30，40)的可拆卸组件和所述至少一个中央容器组件(40)。
10.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的运输容器(1)，其特征在于，加强件(18)包括从容器壁(17)的直立壁向外和/或向内突出的加强肋。
11.如权利要求10所述的运输容器，其特征在于，在向内突出的加强肋的情况下，从而形成推入座，用于可拆卸地设置在容器(2，3)中的储存部件。
12.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的运输容器(1)，其特征在于，在上部容器(2,3)堆叠的情况下，顶部容器开口至少部分地用盖子(21)封闭。
13.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的运输容器(1)，其特征在于，布置在所述堆叠中的下部容器(2,3)设置在一个或多个运输托盘(4a，4b)上，其中所述下部容器(3)的底部完全覆盖所述一个或多个运输托盘(4a，4b)的装载区域。
14.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的运输容器(1)，其特征在于，密封元件(70)设置在容器部件(30，40)的相对表面上。
15.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的运输容器(1)，其特征在于，容器底部(9)的总面积覆盖多个输送托盘(4a，4b)，其中所述运输托盘(4a，4b)通过托盘连接器(50a，50b)连接在一起。
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