CN107487316B - 车辆换挡控制方法 - Google Patents
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- F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
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- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种车辆换挡控制方法,其包括当控制器感测到车辆的无动力升挡状态时,通过控制器抑制管线压力增加,在抑制步骤之后通过控制器计算电动机的目标速度,在计算步骤之后通过控制器使电动机同步到目标速度;以及在同步步骤之后通过控制器提高变速器的接合侧离合器的油压,以完成换挡。
Description
技术领域
本公开涉及一种车辆换挡控制方法,该方法能够在车辆处于无动力升挡状态时通过控制管线压力和电动机速度来减少换挡时间并提高燃料效率。
背景技术
抬脚(Lift Foot Up,LFU)描述当驾驶员使车辆加速或以其他方式操作车辆时驾驶员将他或她的脚从加速踏板移开的行为。在这种情况下,通常产生的LFU换挡为升档,其在变速器的输入扭矩较低或降低到较低值的情况下产生,因此使用被称为无动力升挡的换挡离合器液压控制模式。
在这种情况下,管线压力通常被控制为最大管线压力以确保均一的换挡品质。在LFU换挡时驾驶员在他或她没有使车辆减速的情况下预期有车辆接近空挡的感觉。在这种情况下,换挡控制使用下述的方法执行换挡,其通过降低释放侧离合器的油压以释放离合器,同时等待变速器的输入轴速度降低,然后在同步的时刻增加接合侧离合器的油压。
当扭矩施加到怠速状态下的发动机或电动机时LFU换挡使离合器释放,以便等待输入轴速度的自然降低,因此在减少换挡区间或时间的长度方面具有限制。
这样,当换挡区间长时,管线压力保持为高的区间也较长,因此可能发生燃料效率的降低。
同时,应用了电动油泵(EOP)车辆的生产在近几年已有增加。在这种情况下,提供油泵机组(OCU)以控制EOP的驱动。OCU接收对应于由变速器控制单元(TCU)计算出的目标管线压力的油泵功率值,从而以可产生所需管线压力的速度驱动EOP。
因此,与现存的机械油泵(MOP)相比,能够更有效地形成油泵的目标油压。
当执行换挡控制时,采用最大管线压力使得偏差对液压系统的影响降至最低,由此达到均一的换挡品质。然而,当针对每次换挡执行将管线压力增加到最大管线压力的控制时,换挡时间增加并且油泵被驱动,使得燃料效率可能降低。
已提供作为现有技术加以描述的内容,仅用于帮助对本公开的背景的理解,并且不应被认为对应于本领域技术人员已知的现有技术。
发明内容
本公开的目的在于提供一种车辆的换挡控制方法,该方法能够当车辆处于无动力升挡状态时通过将管线压力维持在最低压力、同时控制电动机速度,来减少换挡时间并且提高燃料效率。
根据本公开的示例性实施方式,提供一种车辆的换挡控制方法,该方法包括:当控制器感测到车辆的无动力升挡状态时,通过控制器抑制管线压力增加;在抑制步骤之后,通过控制器计算电动机的目标速度;在计算步骤之后,通过控制器使电动机同步到目标速度;以及在同步步骤之后,通过控制器提高变速器的接合侧离合器的油压,以完成换挡。
车辆的换挡控制方法还可包括:在执行抑制的步骤之前,通过控制器基于换挡状态和APS感测值来确定车辆是否处于无动力升挡阶段。
在计算的步骤中,控制器可以基于当前挡位、目标挡位、车辆速度以及当前电动机速度的至少一种信息,计算电动机的目标速度。
在同步的步骤中,控制器可以释放发动机离合器,然后使电动机与目标速度同步。
在同步的步骤中,控制器可以释放变速器的释放侧离合器的油压,然后使电动机与目标速度同步。
在提高的步骤中,控制器可以提高接合侧离合器的油压持续预定时间。
附图说明
图1为示出根据本公开的示例性实施方式的车辆的换挡控制方法的流程图。
图2为示出根据本公开的示例性实施方式的车辆的换挡控制装置的示图。
具体实施方式
在下文中,将参考附图描述根据本公开的示例性实施方式的车辆换挡控制方法。
图1为示出根据本公开的示例性实施方式的车辆换挡控制方法的流程图,图2为示出根据本公开的示例性实施方式的车辆换挡控制装置的示图。
参照图1和图2,车辆的换挡控制方法可以包括:当控制器10感测到车辆的无动力升挡状态时,通过控制器10抑制管线压力增加(S110);在抑制(S110)之后,通过控制器10计算电动机60的目标速度(S120);在计算(S120)之后,通过控制器10将电动机60同步到目标速度(S130);以及在同步(S130)之后,通过控制器10提高变速器70的接合侧离合器的油压以完成换挡(S140)。
根据现有技术,为了无论何时发生车辆的换挡都能确保均一的换挡品质,通过驱动电动油泵(EOP)将管线压力维持为最大管线压力。
然而,根据本公开,在驾驶员将他或她的脚从加速踏板移开的状态下产生升档即无动力升挡时,电动油泵80抑制管线压力增加,以减少控制管线压力和最小化功率消耗所需的时间。
为此目的,本公开还可包括在执行抑制步骤(S110)之前,通过控制器10基于换挡状态和APS感测值确定车辆是否处于无动力升挡阶段。
也就是说,控制器10利用变速器控制单元(TCU)30感测关于车辆执行升档还是降档的换挡情况,并且通过加速器位置传感器(APS)接收APS感测值,以确定驾驶员是否将他或她的脚从加速踏板移开。
例如,当控制器10利用TCU 30和APS感测到车辆处于升档状态并且驾驶员将他或她的脚从加速踏板移开的状态时,控制器10确定车辆处于无动力升挡状态,以执行抑制(S110)。
同时,如果仅抑制管线压力的增加,则可能不能将足够的油压传递到变速器70的接合侧离合器,因此不能使电动机的转速平稳地降低,使得可能发生换挡时间的增加和换挡品质的降低。
因此,根据本公开,控制器10可以执行抑制(S110),然后控制电动机60的转速收敛到目标速度,该目标速度是设定成目标挡位的同步速度,从而维持管线压力低并且减少换挡所需的时间。
也就是说,控制器10主动地控制电动机60的转速,以与目标挡位的同步速度同步。因此,即使将管线压力维持为最低压力,控制器10也可以仅通过接合侧离合器的油压来执行换挡而不降低换挡品质。
这里,在计算的步骤(S120)中,控制器10可以基于当前挡位、目标挡位、车辆速度和/或当前电动机速度的至少一条信息来计算电动机60的目标速度。
控制器10允许MCU 20从TCU 30接收关于当前挡位和目标挡位的信息,并执行控制以接收来自车辆速度传感器的车辆速度信息。MCU20可以使用接收的信息来计算电动机60的目标速度,并且可以基于计算的目标速度和电动机60的当前电动机速度之间的差,执行PI控制以计算精确的电动机60的目标速度。
为控制电动机60达到如所预期的目标速度,应该排除发动机40的影响。为了这个目的,在同步的步骤(S130)中,控制器10可以释放发动机离合器50然后使电动机60与目标速度同步。因此,发动机40的驱动力没有被传输到电动机60的输入轴,因此可以精确地控制电动机60的转速。
这里,与发动机40不同,电动机60可以立即施加具有负值的扭矩以降低转速,因此可以更迅速地控制转速。进一步地,在升档的情况下,执行降低电动机速度的控制,因此即使电池的充电状态低,也可以执行该控制。
这样,即使将管线压力维持为最低压力,也可以同步目标速度,以便电动机60的转速可以与目标挡位同步。因此,可以仅通过增加变速器的接合侧离合器的油压来执行换挡而不降低换挡品质。
另外,在同步的步骤(S130)中,控制器10可以释放变速器70的释放侧离合器的油压,然后使电动机60与目标速度同步。
也就是说,如果在未耗尽变速器70的释放侧离合器的油压的状态下控制电动机的旋转控制,则扭矩被转移到输出轴,因此可能降低换挡品质。因此,在控制电动机60的转速之前,执行迅速消耗释放侧离合器的油压的控制,从而维持换挡品质。
进一步地,根据本公开在完成的步骤(S140)中,控制器10提高接合侧离合器的油压达设定时间。
这里,可以将设定时间设定为比目前的接合侧离合器的同步时间长。也就是说,在将管线压力维持为最低油压的状态下,即使增加接合侧离合器的油压,相比目前接合侧离合器被同步的时间,接合侧离合器的油压也可以更缓慢地增加。因此,将作为增加接合侧离合器的油压的时间的设定时间设为更长,从而防止发生换挡冲击。
根据具有如上所述结构的车辆的换挡控制方法,由于在车辆处于无动力升挡状态时防止管线压力增加从而控制管线压力的增加,因此能够使换挡时间增加和燃料效率降低最小化。
虽然已参考具体的示例性实施方式示出并描述了本公开,但对于本领域的技术人员而言将会显而易见的是,在不背离如所附权利要求所限定的本公开的精神和范围的情况下,可以对本公开进行各种修改和改变。
Claims (6)
1.一种车辆换挡控制方法,其包括以下抑制步骤、计算步骤、同步步骤和提高步骤:
当控制器感测到所述车辆的无动力升挡状态时,通过所述控制器抑制管线压力增加;
在所述的抑制步骤之后,通过所述控制器计算电动机的目标速度;
在所述的计算步骤之后,通过所述控制器使所述电动机同步到所述目标速度;以及
在所述的同步步骤之后,通过控制器提高变速器的接合侧离合器的油压,以完成换挡。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆换挡控制方法,其还包括以下步骤:
在所述的抑制步骤之前,通过所述控制器基于换挡状态和加速器位置传感器(APS)感测值确定所述车辆是否处于无动力升挡阶段。
3.根据权利要求1所述的车辆换挡控制方法,其中在所述的计算步骤中,所述控制器基于当前挡位、目标挡位、车辆速度以及当前电动机速度的至少一种信息来计算所述电动机的目标速度。
4.根据权利要求1所述的车辆换挡控制方法,其中在所述的同步步骤中,所述控制器释放发动机离合器,然后使所述电动机与所述目标速度同步。
5.根据权利要求1所述的车辆换挡控制方法,其中在所述的同步步骤中,所述控制器释放所述变速器的释放侧离合器的油压,然后使所述电动机与所述目标速度同步。
6.根据权利要求1所述的车辆换挡控制方法,其中在所述的提高步骤中,所述控制器提高所述接合侧离合器的油压持续设定时间。
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