CN107471357A - 一种增强杨木板耐老化性能的涂装方法 - Google Patents

一种增强杨木板耐老化性能的涂装方法 Download PDF

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CN107471357A
CN107471357A CN201710844631.5A CN201710844631A CN107471357A CN 107471357 A CN107471357 A CN 107471357A CN 201710844631 A CN201710844631 A CN 201710844631A CN 107471357 A CN107471357 A CN 107471357A
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潘传峰
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Abstract

本发明属于木材处理技术领域，尤其是一种增强杨木板耐老化性能的涂装方法，具体方法如下：（1）将加工后的杨木板浸没于氯化钙溶液中浸泡，取出，浸没于乙醇溶液中浸泡；（2）蒸汽处理，取出，热压干燥；（3）浸没于涂料中，取出，微波干燥；所述的涂料，由以下原料制成：锡粉、水杨醛、聚氯乙烯树脂、石油树脂、叔丁醇、海藻多糖、丙烯酸乳液、正硅酸乙酯、水；有效提高杨木板防腐、防虫蛀能力，提高杨木板颜色厚重性，大大提高杨木板表面强度和耐磨性，提高杨木板防火阻燃性能，延长杨木板使用寿命，提升其使用性能。

Description

一种增强杨木板耐老化性能的涂装方法
技术领域
本发明属于木材处理技术领域，尤其是一种增强杨木板耐老化性能的涂装方法。
背景技术
杨木具有重量轻、强度高、弹性好、纤维长而含量高和易加工等优点，所以用途非常广泛，世界上许多国家都把杨木列为重要的工业原料；杨木的耐老化性能差，但是目前户外木地板、木质外墙装饰材料等户外产品越来越受到消费者的青睐，在户外利用时，一系列的环境因素会加剧木材老化，使得木材易产生黄变、光泽度下降、粗糙度增加，从而大大影响了其使用性能，降低其使用寿命；因此，应该发明一种增强杨木老化性能的方法。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明旨在提供一种增强杨木板耐老化性能的涂装方法。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种增强杨木板耐老化性能的涂装方法，具体方法如下：
（1）将加工后的杨木板浸没于氯化钙溶液中浸泡55~60min，取出，浸没于乙醇溶液中浸泡75~80min；
（2）将经步骤（1）处理后的杨木板置入温度为120~130℃的条件下恒温蒸汽处理15~17min、以5~6℃/min的升温速率升温至190~200℃继续恒温蒸汽处理28~30min，取出，热压干燥；
（3）将经步骤（2）处理后的杨木板浸没于涂料中8~10min，取出，微波干燥；
所述的涂料，由以下重量份的原料制成：锡粉1.3~1.5份、水杨醛1.7~1.9份、聚氯乙烯树脂23~25份、石油树脂8~9份、叔丁醇12~14份、海藻多糖0.75~0.85份、丙烯酸乳液20~22份、正硅酸乙酯4.3~4.7份、水32~34份。
作为发明进一步的方案：步骤（1）所述的氯化钙溶液的质量分数为2%~3%，所述的乙醇溶液的质量分数为28%~30%。
作为发明进一步的方案：步骤（2）所述的热压干燥，先在温度为84~88℃、压力为1.6~1.8MPa的条件下干燥处理18~22min，然后调整温度为124~128℃、压力为2.7~2.9MPa干燥处理27~31min。
作为发明进一步的方案：步骤（3）所述的微波干燥，先在温度为95~100℃、频率为920~940MHz的条件下微波干燥至含水率为38%~42%，然后调整温度为65~70℃、频率为580~600MHz微波干燥至含水率为8%~10%。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提供的一种增强杨木板耐老化性能的涂装方法，有效提高杨木板防腐、防虫蛀能力，提高杨木板颜色厚重性，大大提高杨木板表面强度和耐磨性，提高杨木板防火阻燃性能，延长杨木板使用寿命，提升其使用性能；先依次使用氯化钙溶液和乙醇溶液对杨木板进行浸泡处理，蒸汽处理热压干燥，由于木质素具有更高的活性，其反应程度比纤维素更高，木质素上的脂肪族羟基和酚羟基被取代，苯氧基自由基不易形成，有效抑制杨木板光降解，提高其尺寸稳定性；然后浸没于涂料中且微波干燥，不但使杨木板具备较强的疏水性，有效封闭杨木板，在结构上形成稳定氢键、氢键螯合环，从而达到优良耐老化的目的，维持表层的力学强度和涂层附着力，而且使得杨木板表面颜色加深，同时色度稳定性也增强。
具体实施方式
下面用具体实施例说明本发明，但并不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1
本发明实施例中，一种增强杨木板耐老化性能的涂装方法，具体方法如下：
（1）将加工后的杨木板浸没于氯化钙溶液中浸泡55min，取出，浸没于乙醇溶液中浸泡75min；
（2）将经步骤（1）处理后的杨木板置入温度为120℃的条件下恒温蒸汽处理15min、以5℃/min的升温速率升温至190℃继续恒温蒸汽处理28min，取出，热压干燥；
（3）将经步骤（2）处理后的杨木板浸没于涂料中8min，取出，微波干燥；
所述的涂料，由以下重量份的原料制成：锡粉1.3份、水杨醛1.7份、聚氯乙烯树脂23份、石油树脂8份、叔丁醇12份、海藻多糖0.75份、丙烯酸乳液20份、正硅酸乙酯4.3份、水32份。
作为发明进一步的方案：步骤（1）所述的氯化钙溶液的质量分数为2%，所述的乙醇溶液的质量分数为28%。
作为发明进一步的方案：步骤（2）所述的热压干燥，先在温度为84℃、压力为1.6MPa的条件下干燥处理18min，然后调整温度为124℃、压力为2.7MPa干燥处理27min。
作为发明进一步的方案：步骤（3）所述的微波干燥，先在温度为95℃、频率为920MHz的条件下微波干燥至含水率为38%，然后调整温度为65℃、频率为580MHz微波干燥至含水率为8%。
实施例2
本发明实施例中，一种增强杨木板耐老化性能的涂装方法，具体方法如下：
（1）将加工后的杨木板浸没于氯化钙溶液中浸泡58min，取出，浸没于乙醇溶液中浸泡78min；
（2）将经步骤（1）处理后的杨木板置入温度为125℃的条件下恒温蒸汽处理16min、以5.5℃/min的升温速率升温至195℃继续恒温蒸汽处理29min，取出，热压干燥；
（3）将经步骤（2）处理后的杨木板浸没于涂料中9min，取出，微波干燥；
所述的涂料，由以下重量份的原料制成：锡粉1.4份、水杨醛1.8份、聚氯乙烯树脂24份、石油树脂8.5份、叔丁醇13份、海藻多糖0.8份、丙烯酸乳液21份、正硅酸乙酯4.5份、水33份。
作为发明进一步的方案：步骤（1）所述的氯化钙溶液的质量分数为2.5%，所述的乙醇溶液的质量分数为29%。
作为发明进一步的方案：步骤（2）所述的热压干燥，先在温度为86℃、压力为1.7MPa的条件下干燥处理20min，然后调整温度为126℃、压力为2.8MPa干燥处理29min。
作为发明进一步的方案：步骤（3）所述的微波干燥，先在温度为98℃、频率为930MHz的条件下微波干燥至含水率为40%，然后调整温度为68℃、频率为590MHz微波干燥至含水率为9%。
实施例3
本发明实施例中，一种增强杨木板耐老化性能的涂装方法，具体方法如下：
（1）将加工后的杨木板浸没于氯化钙溶液中浸泡60min，取出，浸没于乙醇溶液中浸泡80min；
（2）将经步骤（1）处理后的杨木板置入温度为130℃的条件下恒温蒸汽处理17min、以6℃/min的升温速率升温至200℃继续恒温蒸汽处理30min，取出，热压干燥；
（3）将经步骤（2）处理后的杨木板浸没于涂料中10min，取出，微波干燥；
所述的涂料，由以下重量份的原料制成：锡粉1.5份、水杨醛1.9份、聚氯乙烯树脂25份、石油树脂9份、叔丁醇14份、海藻多糖0.85份、丙烯酸乳液22份、正硅酸乙酯4.7份、水34份。
作为发明进一步的方案：步骤（1）所述的氯化钙溶液的质量分数为3%，所述的乙醇溶液的质量分数为30%。
作为发明进一步的方案：步骤（2）所述的热压干燥，先在温度为88℃、压力为1.8MPa的条件下干燥处理22min，然后调整温度为128℃、压力为2.9MPa干燥处理31min。
作为发明进一步的方案：步骤（3）所述的微波干燥，先在温度为100℃、频率为940MHz的条件下微波干燥至含水率为42%，然后调整温度为70℃、频率为600MHz微波干燥至含水率为10%。
对比例
现有技术的杨木板的普通涂装方法
使用实施例的涂装方法和对比例的涂装方法对同一批性状相同的杨木板进行处理，对处理后的杨木板进行老化试验，紫外灯功率2kW、加热功率1kW、温度变化幅度为45℃、加湿功率1kW、加湿处理相对湿度90%、处理时间800h，然后进行抗电磁屏蔽检测，所用仪器为ESA－E4402B频谱分析仪，按照SJ20524—95《材料屏蔽效能的测量方法》进行测试，力学性能检测用MWD－50型微机控制人造板万能试验机，按GB/T14074.10—93进行力学性能检测,结果如表1：
表1 实施例和对比例的对比结果
附着强度（MPa） 抗拉能力（kN） 耐磨强度（转） 电磁屏蔽效能（dB）
实施例1 2.67 1.229 1990 65.61
实施例2 2.71 1.227 1993 65.75
实施例3 2.65 1.232 1997 65.69
对比例 1.83 0.743 1598 28.67
从表1可以看出，本发明的涂装方法能够有效增强杨木板的耐老化性能，有效延长其使用寿命。

Claims (4)

1.一种增强杨木板耐老化性能的涂装方法，其特征在于，具体方法如下：
（1）将加工后的杨木板浸没于氯化钙溶液中浸泡55~60min，取出，浸没于乙醇溶液中浸泡75~80min；
（2）将经步骤（1）处理后的杨木板置入温度为120~130℃的条件下恒温蒸汽处理15~17min、以5~6℃/min的升温速率升温至190~200℃继续恒温蒸汽处理28~30min，取出，热压干燥；
（3）将经步骤（2）处理后的杨木板浸没于涂料中8~10min，取出，微波干燥；
所述的涂料，由以下重量份的原料制成：锡粉1.3~1.5份、水杨醛1.7~1.9份、聚氯乙烯树脂23~25份、石油树脂8~9份、叔丁醇12~14份、海藻多糖0.75~0.85份、丙烯酸乳液20~22份、正硅酸乙酯4.3~4.7份、水32~34份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的增强杨木板耐老化性能的涂装方法，其特征在于，步骤（1）所述的氯化钙溶液的质量分数为2%~3%，所述的乙醇溶液的质量分数为28%~30%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的增强杨木板耐老化性能的涂装方法，其特征在于，步骤（2）所述的热压干燥，先在温度为84~88℃、压力为1.6~1.8MPa的条件下干燥处理18~22min，然后调整温度为124~128℃、压力为2.7~2.9MPa干燥处理27~31min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的增强杨木板耐老化性能的涂装方法，其特征在于，步骤（3）所述的微波干燥，先在温度为95~100℃、频率为920~940MHz的条件下微波干燥至含水率为38%~42%，然后调整温度为65~70℃、频率为580~600MHz微波干燥至含水率为8%~10%。
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