CN107447495A - 一种阻燃抗菌塑料席子及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种阻燃抗菌塑料席子及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种阻燃抗菌塑料席子，包括席子本体，所述席子本体由经线和纬线编织而成，所述纬线为塑料管，其按重量份数包括聚丙烯颗粒70~80份、聚乙烯10~15份、阻燃剂5~10份、石灰石5~10份、碳化钒3~5份、色母粒3~5份，其中阻燃剂按重量份数包括磷酸三苯酯50~60份、石墨烯5~10份、氧化镧5~10份、纳米氧化铝5~10份、纳米二氧化硅3~5份、淀粉10~20份、壳聚糖3~5份。本发明制得的塑料管的燃烧长度小于60mm，制得的阻燃抗菌塑料席子对大肠杆菌和木霉菌的抑制率达99.9%以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种席子，特别是一种阻燃抗菌塑料席子及其制备方法。
背景技术
席子是现代生活家居的必备用品，现有的普通草席一般采用天然席草加工编织而成，这种草席不耐洗、易磨损、遇火即着，且容易滋生螨虫、细菌，对人体健康、安全产生影响。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决上述现有技术的不足而提供一种阻燃抗菌塑料席子及其制备方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明所设计的一种阻燃抗菌塑料席子，包括席子本体，所述席子本体由经线和纬线编织而成，所述纬线为塑料管，其按重量份数包括聚丙烯颗粒70~80份、聚乙烯10~15份、阻燃剂5~10份、石灰石5~10份、碳化钒3~5份、色母粒3~5份，其中阻燃剂按重量份数包括磷酸三苯酯50~60份、石墨烯5~10份、氧化镧5~10份、纳米氧化铝5~10份、纳米二氧化硅3~5份、淀粉10~20份、壳聚糖3~5份。
所述经线是由两股抗菌纱线加捻而成，在抗菌纱线上涂覆有抗菌剂，按重量份数包括纳米氧化银15份、纳米氧化锌15份、活性炭10份、硝酸铈5份、沸石5份、柠檬酸5份、植物提取物5份、水40份。所述植物提取物按重量份数包括银杏5份、艾草5份、绿茶3份、灵芝2份。
作为优选，所述塑料管的直径是1~3mm。
聚丙烯为无毒、无臭、无味的乳白色结晶的聚合物，聚丙烯的结晶度高、结构规整，因此具有优良的力学性能，抗弯曲性能优异。
聚乙烯无臭，无毒，具有优良的耐低温性能，化学稳定性好，能耐大多数酸碱的侵蚀，常温下不溶于一般溶剂，吸水性小，电绝缘性优良。将聚乙烯和聚丙烯混合使用可以起到协同作用，提高产品的力学性能，使得塑料管的强度、韧性更好。
上述碳化钒具有很高的密度，可作为密度填充剂，使得塑料管具有高密度、高硬度、高强度的特点。
石灰石具有较高的分散性和导热性，使得碳化钒能够更好地分散到聚丙烯中，另外其优异的导热性，能够保证塑料管的热分布均匀。
阻燃剂中的磷酸三苯酯能在石墨烯和氧化镧作用下，提高塑料管的阻燃性。纳米氧化铝和纳米二氧化硅则分布于塑料管表面，起到阻隔的作用；另外淀粉和壳聚糖均具有较强的粘附力，能够促进磷酸三苯酯与石墨烯之间的交联。另外石墨烯和壳聚糖具有微细的小孔结构，有毛细管作用，可以迅速散发汗液，使细菌不易附着并滋生，而且壳聚糖是天然抗菌剂，对皮肤没有刺激，安全性高。
所述抗菌剂中的纳米氧化银、纳米氧化锌本就具有的抗菌功能上，再加入活性炭，能够在一定程度上促进对病菌、细菌等有害微生物的吸附作用，且硝酸铈的加入能够加强活性炭的吸附作用，增强纳米氧化锌的抗菌性能。此外，硝酸铈中的铈离子在柠檬酸溶液的弱酸性条件下嫁接于活性炭结构上，增加活性炭的吸附能力，进一步增强抗菌性能。
植物提取物是银杏、艾草、绿茶、灵芝的提取物组成。其中，银杏提取物中的银杏化合物成分属于羟基取代的水杨酸衍生物，主要有白果酸、白果酚、D-糖质酸、莽草酸和6-羟基犬脲喹啉酸、银杏酸等，研究表明银杏酚酸具有强烈的杀虫、抑菌杀菌作用以及抗肿瘤、抗炎和抗氧化等多种药理活性。上述银杏提取物和灵芝具有协同作用，能够提高其抗菌、抗病毒性。艾草和绿茶也同样具有清热解暑、抗霉抗菌等功效。
上述一种阻燃抗菌塑料席子的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一，制备塑料管，将磷酸三苯酯50~60份、石墨烯5~10份、氧化镧5~10份、纳米氧化铝5~10份、纳米二氧化硅3~5份、淀粉10~20份、壳聚糖3~5份混合，在40℃的水浴中搅拌溶解3小时后，然后过滤将固体产物用水洗涤后烘干后放入搅拌器中搅拌加热30min，搅拌速度为1000～1500r/min，加热温度为120℃，然后取出冷却后研磨成粉制成阻燃剂，接着取上述阻燃剂5~10份与聚丙烯颗粒70~80份、聚乙烯10~15份、石灰石5~10份、碳化钒3~5份、色母粒3~5份一起混合均匀后放入到挤出机中，在温度为230~250℃中进行加热60min后，再将混合物从挤出机中挤出，并拉伸至塑料管的直径为1~3mm，最后在冷却水槽中冷却后切割即可得到塑料管；
步骤二，制备抗菌剂，先将银杏5份、艾草5份、绿茶3份、灵芝2份粉碎成粗粉，过 50 目筛，于 90~105℃热水中浸提 3 次后过滤，静置24小时后，取上清液浓缩后得到植物提取物，备用；
其次将活性炭10份、硝酸铈5份、沸石5份进行混合，在40℃的水浴中搅拌溶解3小时后，然后过滤将固体产物用水洗涤后烘干后放入搅拌器中，接着加入纳米氧化银15份、纳米氧化锌15份、柠檬酸5份、植物提取物5份、水40份，在温度为60~80℃下搅拌2小时，得到抗菌剂；
步骤三，制备阻燃抗菌塑料席子，将纱线浸泡于上述抗菌剂3小时后，风干后得到抗菌纱线，然后用两股抗菌纱线加捻成经线，接着用上述塑料管作为纬线在编织机上进行编织即可得到阻燃抗菌塑料席子。
本发明得到的阻燃抗菌塑料席子，其所用原料为无毒或近乎无毒，符合绿色化学原则，通过将经线的纱线上涂覆抗菌性，从而实现其抗菌性，另外将纬线采用自制的塑料管，通过添加阻燃剂，从而使其能更好地应用于塑料席子上。经检测，本发明所制得的塑料管的燃烧长度小于60mm，制得的阻燃抗菌塑料席子对大肠杆菌和木霉菌的抑制率达99.9%以上。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步说明。
实施例1：
本实施例提供的阻燃抗菌塑料席子，包括席子本体，所述席子本体由经线和纬线编织而成，所述纬线为塑料管，其按重量份数包括聚丙烯颗粒70份、聚乙烯10份、阻燃剂5份、石灰石5份、碳化钒3份、色母粒3份，其中阻燃剂按重量份数包括磷酸三苯酯50份、石墨烯5份、氧化镧5份、纳米氧化铝5份、纳米二氧化硅3份、淀粉10份、壳聚糖3份。
所述经线是由两股抗菌纱线加捻而成，在抗菌纱线上涂覆有抗菌剂，按重量份数包括纳米氧化银15份、纳米氧化锌15份、活性炭10份、硝酸铈5份、沸石5份、柠檬酸5份、植物提取物5份、水40份。所述植物提取物按重量份数包括银杏5份、艾草5份、绿茶3份、灵芝2份。
作为优选，所述塑料管的直径是2mm。
上述一种阻燃抗菌塑料席子的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一，制备塑料管，将磷酸三苯酯50份、石墨烯5份、氧化镧5份、纳米氧化铝5份、纳米二氧化硅3份、淀粉10份、壳聚糖3份混合，在40℃的水浴中搅拌溶解3小时后，然后过滤将固体产物用水洗涤后烘干后放入搅拌器中搅拌加热30min，搅拌速度为1000～1500r/min，加热温度为120℃，然后取出冷却后研磨成粉制成阻燃剂，接着取上述阻燃剂5份与聚丙烯颗粒70份、聚乙烯10份、石灰石5份、碳化钒3份、色母粒3份一起混合均匀后放入到挤出机中，在温度为230~250℃中进行加热60min后，再将混合物从挤出机中挤出，并拉伸至塑料管的直径为2mm，最后在冷却水槽中冷却后切割即可得到塑料管；
步骤二，制备抗菌剂，先将银杏5份、艾草5份、绿茶3份、灵芝2份粉碎成粗粉，过 50 目筛，于 90~105℃热水中浸提 3 次后过滤，静置24小时后，取上清液浓缩后得到植物提取物，备用；
其次将活性炭10份、硝酸铈5份、沸石5份进行混合，在40℃的水浴中搅拌溶解3小时后，然后过滤将固体产物用水洗涤后烘干后放入搅拌器中，接着加入纳米氧化银15份、纳米氧化锌15份、柠檬酸5份、植物提取物5份、水40份，在温度为60~80℃下搅拌2小时，得到抗菌剂；
步骤三，制备阻燃抗菌塑料席子，将纱线浸泡于上述抗菌剂3小时后，风干后得到抗菌纱线，然后用两股抗菌纱线加捻成经线，接着用上述塑料管作为纬线在编织机上进行编织即可得到阻燃抗菌塑料席子。
本实施例制得的塑料管的燃烧长度小于60mm。根据GB15979-2002标准采用贴膜培养法测试，以大肠杆菌和木霉菌为受试菌种，本实施例制得的塑料席子的抑菌达99.97%。
实施例2：
本实施例提供的阻燃抗菌塑料席子，其原料和制备方法大致和实施例1相同，其主要区别在于，本实施例中，塑料管按重量份数包括聚丙烯颗粒80份、聚乙烯15份、阻燃剂10份、石灰石10份、碳化钒5份、色母粒5份，其中阻燃剂按重量份数包括磷酸三苯酯60份、石墨烯10份、氧化镧10份、纳米氧化铝10份、纳米二氧化硅5份、淀粉20份、壳聚糖5份。
本实施例制得的塑料管的燃烧长度小于60mm。根据GB15979-2002标准采用贴膜培养法测试，以大肠杆菌和木霉菌为受试菌种，本实施例制得的塑料席子的抑菌达99.97%。
实施例3：
本实施例提供的阻燃抗菌塑料席子，其原料和制备方法大致和实施例1相同，其主要区别在于，本实施例中，塑料管按重量份数包括聚丙烯颗粒70~80份、聚乙烯12份、阻燃剂8份、石灰石10份、碳化钒5份、色母粒4份，其中阻燃剂按重量份数包括磷酸三苯酯60份、石墨烯8份、氧化镧8份、纳米氧化铝8份、纳米二氧化硅5份、淀粉15份、壳聚糖5份。
本实施例制得的塑料管的燃烧长度小于60mm。根据GB15979-2002标准采用贴膜培养法测试，以大肠杆菌和木霉菌为受试菌种，本实施例制得的塑料席子的抑菌达99.97%。
Claims (4)
1.一种阻燃抗菌塑料席子，包括席子本体，其特征在于：所述席子本体由经线和纬线编织而成，所述纬线为塑料管，其按重量份数包括聚丙烯颗粒70~80份、聚乙烯10~15份、阻燃剂5~10份、石灰石5~10份、碳化钒3~5份、色母粒3~5份，其中阻燃剂按重量份数包括磷酸三苯酯50~60份、石墨烯5~10份、氧化镧5~10份、纳米氧化铝5~10份、纳米二氧化硅3~5份、淀粉10~20份、壳聚糖3~5份；
所述经线是由两股抗菌纱线加捻而成，在抗菌纱线上涂覆有抗菌剂，按重量份数包括纳米氧化银15份、纳米氧化锌15份、活性炭10份、硝酸铈5份、沸石5份、柠檬酸5份、植物提取物5份、水40份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃抗菌塑料席子，其特征在于：所述植物提取物按重量份数包括银杏5份、艾草5份、绿茶3份、灵芝2份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃抗菌塑料席子，其特征在于：所述塑料管的直径是1~3mm。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的一种阻燃抗菌塑料席子的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一，制备塑料管，将磷酸三苯酯50~60份、石墨烯5~10份、氧化镧5~10份、纳米氧化铝5~10份、纳米二氧化硅3~5份、淀粉10~20份、壳聚糖3~5份混合，在40℃的水浴中搅拌溶解3小时后，然后过滤将固体产物用水洗涤后烘干后放入搅拌器中搅拌加热30min，搅拌速度为1000～1500r/min，加热温度为120℃，然后取出冷却后研磨成粉制成阻燃剂，接着取上述阻燃剂5~10份与聚丙烯颗粒70~80份、聚乙烯10~15份、石灰石5~10份、碳化钒3~5份、色母粒3~5份一起混合均匀后放入到挤出机中，在温度为230~250℃中进行加热60min后，再将混合物从挤出机中挤出，并拉伸至塑料管的直径为1~3mm，最后在冷却水槽中冷却后切割即可得到塑料管；
步骤二，制备抗菌剂，先将银杏5份、艾草5份、绿茶3份、灵芝2份粉碎成粗粉，过 50 目筛，于 90~105℃热水中浸提 3 次后过滤，静置24小时后，取上清液浓缩后得到植物提取物，备用；
其次将活性炭10份、硝酸铈5份、沸石5份进行混合，在40℃的水浴中搅拌溶解3小时后，然后过滤将固体产物用水洗涤后烘干后放入搅拌器中，接着加入纳米氧化银15份、纳米氧化锌15份、柠檬酸5份、植物提取物5份、水40份，在温度为60~80℃下搅拌2小时，得到抗菌剂；
步骤三，制备阻燃抗菌塑料席子，将纱线浸泡于上述抗菌剂3小时后，风干后得到抗菌纱线，然后用两股抗菌纱线加捻成经线，接着用上述塑料管作为纬线在编织机上进行编织即可得到阻燃抗菌塑料席子。
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