CN107443846A - 一种汽车顶棚用的多层复合板 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种汽车顶棚用的多层复合板，该多层复合板从上到下依次为装饰层、面层、中间层和底层，其中装饰层为织物层，面层和底层为热塑性树脂制成的，多孔板为蜂窝状多孔板，多孔状蜂窝板由多个结构相同的蜂窝单元排列组合而成，每个蜂窝单元为具一定壁厚的空心正六棱柱结构，每相邻两个空心正六棱柱单元之间共用一侧壁，该侧壁具有一定厚度，并且该空心正六棱柱单元的高度、截面边长和厚度具有特定的比例，使得构成的多层复合板比一般的复合板具有更高的强度和抗冲击度，同时由于蜂窝状层的隔离，冬天能够起到保温的作用，夏天也能避免暴晒使车内温度过高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及板材领域，具体是一种一种汽车顶棚用的多层复合板。
背景技术
汽车顶棚板是车内重要的一种板材，就像屋子的顶棚，对车内空间起到装饰的作用的同时，对车内空间有一种保护的作用，能够避免车内乘客头部与车顶的接触，同时顶棚板具有一定的强度和抗冲击度，也是车内骨架的填充部分，对车体的安全性和舒适性都有贡献度。
目前汽车顶棚板多采用多层复合板，老式的汽车顶棚板是简单的塑料板，这种塑料板具有易老化，易变形的缺点，同时也不能够起到隔离的效果，冬天不能够起到保温的效果，夏天也难以起到隔离外部高温的作用。多孔板的兴起，使其快速应用到汽车领域，汽车顶棚板也因此买入复合板时代，在其中添加一层多孔板，在减轻了顶棚板重量的同时，也带来了更多的效果，如能够隔离外界高温或低温，起到隔离的效果。但是目前的多孔板都是压塑成型的，多孔板其实是凸凹不平的泡状板，并非是两面穿透“多孔结构”，因此，这种多孔板虽然具有一定效果，但效果并不明显，并且其强度和抗冲击度与原有板材相比明显降低，同时也没有很好地起到隔离的效果。
目前在一些高级轿车顶棚内设置格栅的结构获得隔离层，并填充泡沫结构，使车内空间与外界空间有一层隔离层，获得隔音、保温的效果，但这种结构复杂，造价高，加工也复杂，不易推广到所有的汽车中使用。
本发明就是要解决目前汽车顶棚结构存在的缺陷，提供一种顶棚复合板，能够通过复合板就能够达到顶棚结构隔音效果好、隔离保温效果好的目的。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决现有汽车顶棚板重量大、韧性差、隔离效果差等缺陷，提供一种充分质量轻、韧性好和隔离保温效果好的多层复合板。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种汽车顶棚用的多层复合板，该多层复合板从上到下依次为装饰层、面层、中间层和底层，其中装饰层为织物层，面层和底层为热塑性树脂制成的，多孔板为蜂窝状多孔板。
进一步地，所述的底板、面板和中间层的厚度比例为(0.1-0.5):(0.1-0.5):1。
进一步地，所述的底板、面板和中间层的厚度比例优选为0.2:0.2:1。
进一步地，所述的蜂窝状多孔板由多个结构相同的蜂窝单元排列组合而成，每个蜂窝单元为具一定壁厚的空心正六棱柱结构，每相邻两个空心正六棱柱之间共用一侧壁。
进一步地，所述的所述的空心正六棱柱高为H，与侧壁厚d的比值范围为10≤H/d≤300，优选50≤H/d≤100。
进一步地，所述的空心正六棱柱高H与空心正六棱柱横截面边长b的比值1≤H/b≤10，优选2≤H/b≤6。
进一步地，所述的空心正六棱柱横截面边长b与侧壁厚度d的比值为10≤b/d≤50，优选20≤b/d≤40。
进一步地，所述的所述多孔板也由由热塑性树脂材料制成。
进一步地，所述的所述热塑性材料为PP、PE、PA或PU材料的一种或几种的复合材料。
本发明的多层复合板可以热压在一起复合，也可以采用胶粘剂将多层板粘结在一起，也可以采用其他复合方式如铆钉锚固、设置卡口等方式进行多层复合。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明的多孔板采用几何结构完美的正六边形孔结构，本发明的多孔板通过长期的设计实验，设计出一种特定中空正六棱柱单元尺寸比例如高度/厚度比、高度/截面边长比、边长和厚度比等参数的单元结构，能够在减少材料使用的同时获得更好的强度和韧性，采用热塑性树脂材料加工方便，可用注塑、挤出等方式加工。在对车内顶棚结构使用时，无需再另外设置顶棚内的隔离层，直接安装本发明的多层板即可，特殊的结构使得制备得到的多层复合板具有较好的强度、韧性和隔离保温效果，使车内空间更具舒适度。
附图说明：
图1为多层复合板结构示意图。
图2为多孔板截面示意图。
图3为中空正六棱柱的结构示意图。
图中：1.纺织层(装饰层)、2.面板、3.蜂窝状多孔层、4.底板。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。下面对本发明的内容进行详细的说明。
实施例1：本实施例的多层复合板聚丙烯纤维纺织装饰层、PP面层、PE多孔层和PP底层热压复合而成，其中聚丙烯纤维纺织装饰层1mm，PP面层和PP底层都为0.5mm的PP板构成，PE多孔层的蜂窝状结构由具高H＝5mm的空心正六棱柱彼此相邻排列组成，每个空心正六棱柱单元都完全相同，每相邻两个空心正六棱柱单元之间共用一侧壁，该侧壁的厚度d＝0.2mm，空心正六棱柱截面边长b＝3mm，空心正六棱柱单元高H与其侧壁厚d的比值为H/d＝25，所述的空心正六棱柱高H与空心正六棱柱横截面边长b的比值为H/b＝1.67，所述的空心正六棱柱单元横截面边长b与侧壁厚度d的比值为b/d＝15。
测试：在30度的天气下室外测试，空调设置20度，车内温度稳定20度30分钟后关闭空调，日光下暴晒30分钟，车内温度25.5度。
实施例2：本实施例的多层复合板聚氨酯纤维纺织装饰层、PU面层、PA多孔层和PP底层热压复合而成，其中聚氨酯纤维纺织装饰层1mm，PU面层为0.4mm的PU板，PP底层都为0.6mm的PP板构成，PE多孔层的蜂窝状结构由具高H＝6mm的空心正六棱柱彼此相邻排列组成，每个空心正六棱柱单元都完全相同，每相邻两个空心正六棱柱单元之间共用一侧壁，该侧壁的厚度d＝0.25mm，空心正六棱柱截面边长b＝3.5mm，空心正六棱柱单元高H与其侧壁厚d的比值为H/d＝24，所述的空心正六棱柱高H与空心正六棱柱横截面边长b的比值为H/b＝1.71，所述的空心正六棱柱单元横截面边长b与侧壁厚度d的比值为b/d＝14。
在30度的天气下室外测试，空调设置20度，车内温度稳定20度30分钟后关闭空调，日光下暴晒30分钟，车内温度25.0度。
对比例1：
多层复合板，由聚丙烯纤维纺织装饰层、PP面层、PE层和PP底层热压复合而成，其中聚丙烯纤维纺织装饰层1mm，PP面层和PP底层都为0.5mm的PP板构成，PE层为厚度2mm的PE板，在30度的天气下室外测试，空调设置20度，车内温度稳定20度30分钟后关闭空调，日光下暴晒30分钟，车内温度29.0度。
分别对比实施例1-2和对比例可以得出，本发明限定特定结构的多层复合板具有很好的隔离效果。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (12)
1.一种汽车顶棚用的多层复合板，其特征在于，一种汽车顶棚用的多层复合板，该多层复合板从上到下依次为装饰层、面层、中间层和底层，其中装饰层为织物层，面层和底层为热塑性树脂制成的，多孔板为蜂窝状多孔板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多层复合板，其特征在于：底板、面板和中间层的厚度比例为(0.1-0.5):(0.1-0.5):1。
3.根据权利要求2所述的多层复合板，其特征在于：底板、面板和中间层的厚度比例优选为0.2:0.2:1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的多层复合板，其特征在于：蜂窝状多孔板由多个结构相同的蜂窝单元排列组合而成，每个蜂窝单元为具一定壁厚的空心正六棱柱结构，每相邻两个空心正六棱柱之间共用一侧壁。
5.根据权利要求1所述的多层复合板，其特征在于：所述的空心正六棱柱高为H，与侧壁厚d的比值范围为10≤H/d≤300。
6.根据权利要求1所述的多层复合板，其特征在于：优选50≤H/d≤100。
7.根据权利要求1所述的多层复合板，其特征在于：空心正六棱柱高H与空心正六棱柱横截面边长b的比值1≤H/b≤10。
8.根据权利要求1所述的多层复合板，其特征在于：优选2≤H/b≤6。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的多层复合板，其特征在于：空心正六棱柱横截面边长b与侧壁厚度d的比值为10≤b/d≤50。
10.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的多层复合板，其特征在于：优选20≤b/d≤40。
11.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的多层复合板，其特征在于：所述多孔板也由由热塑性树脂材料制成。
12.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的多层复合板，其特征在于：所述热塑性材料为PP、PE、PA或PU材料的一种或几种的复合材料。
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| CN109955544A (zh) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-07-02 | 广州金发碳纤维新材料发展有限公司 | 一种汽车内饰用复合板及其制备方法 |
| CN113306501A (zh) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-08-27 | 江西博能上饶客车有限公司 | 一种客车车顶内饰装配结构及其工艺 |
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| CN113306501A (zh) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-08-27 | 江西博能上饶客车有限公司 | 一种客车车顶内饰装配结构及其工艺 |
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