CN107433844B - 包括单个转矩机的多状态动力系系统 - Google Patents

包括单个转矩机的多状态动力系系统 Download PDF

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CN107433844B
CN107433844B CN201710341535.9A CN201710341535A CN107433844B CN 107433844 B CN107433844 B CN 107433844B CN 201710341535 A CN201710341535 A CN 201710341535A CN 107433844 B CN107433844 B CN 107433844B
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transmission
clutch
gear ratio
powertrain system
engine
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CN107433844A (zh
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A·G·霍姆斯
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/13—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
    • B60W20/14—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion in conjunction with braking regeneration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/66—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
    • F16H3/666—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another with compound planetary gear units, e.g. two intermeshing orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/724—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines
    • F16H3/725—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/065—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

描述了一种动力系系统，且该动力系系统包括具有曲柄构件的内燃机、具有可旋转轴构件的转矩机，以及具有输入构件和输出构件的变速器。该内燃机的曲柄构件可耦接至该变速器的输入构件。该转矩机的可旋转轴构件以第一传动比可耦接至该内燃机的曲柄构件。该转矩机的可旋转轴构件以第二传动比可耦接至该变速器的输入构件。该第一传动比小于该第二传动比。

Description

包括单个转矩机的多状态动力系系统
技术领域
本发明中的概念涉及动力传输装置。
背景技术
动力传输装置用于在一个或多个原动机与最终传动系统之间传送机械动力。已知的原动机包括内燃机和非燃烧转矩机。最终传动系统可以包括差速器或传送机械动力以实现工作的其它齿轮装置、皮带或链传动机构或流体系统。当在车辆上采用动力传输装置时，最终传动系统可以包括车轴，该车轴将动力传送至车轮以得到牵引力。
发明内容
描述了一种动力系系统，且该动力系系统包括具有曲柄构件的内燃机、具有可旋转轴构件的转矩机，以及具有输入构件和输出构件的变速器。内燃机的曲柄构件可耦接至变速器的输入构件。转矩机的可旋转轴构件以第一传动比可耦接至内燃机的曲柄构件。转矩机的可旋转轴构件以第二传动比可耦接至变速器的输入构件。第一传动比小于第二传动比。
上述特征和优点以及本教导的其它特征和优点从某些最佳模式的以下详述和用于实行如随附权利要求书中限定、结合附图取得的本教导的其它实施例将容易地显而易见。
附图说明
现在将借助实例、参考附图描述一个或多个实施例，其中：
图1示意地示出根据本发明的动力系系统的第一实施例的选定元件，该动力系系统包括设置成通过变速器将转矩传送至传动系的内燃机和单个非燃烧转矩机；以及
图2示意地示出根据本发明的动力系系统的另一个实施例的选定元件，该动力系系统包括设置成通过变速器将转矩传送至传动系的内燃机和单个非燃烧转矩机。
具体实施方式
如本文描述和说明的所公开实施例的部件可以设置和设计成多种不同配置。因此，以下详细描述不旨在限制如所要求的本发明的范围，而仅仅代表其可能实施例。另外，虽然以下描述中陈述了许多具体细节以对本文所公开的实施例提供彻底理解，但是在没有某些或全部这样的细节的情况下可实践某些实施例。另外，为了清楚起见，没有详细描述相关领域中已知的某些技术材料以避免不必要地混淆本发明。
现在参考附图，其中附图仅仅用于示出某些示例性实施例的目的而不是为了限制该实施例，图1示意地示出了动力系系统20的选定元件，该动力系系统耦接至传动系60并且受控制系统10控制，其中动力系系统20可以有利地在车辆100上采用以在多个操作状态中的一个状态中生成推进转矩。在一个实施例中，传动系60可以包括机械地耦接至车轴64、驱动桥或半轴的差速器齿轮装置65，该车轴64、驱动桥或半轴机械地耦接至一个或多个车轮66。传动系60在变速器50与路面之间传送牵引动力。所有描述中的相同标号是指相同元件。动力系系统20包括多个转矩生成装置，其包括内燃机(发动机)40和单个非燃烧转矩机(例如，电动马达/发电机(电机)34)。发动机40和电机34设置成经由滑轮机构36和/或齿轮组45通过变速器50将机械动力传送至传动系60。本文所述的概念可以应用于包括发动机40和单个电机34的任何合适的动力系配置，该发动机40和单个电机34设置成生成可以经由变速器50传送至传动系60的转矩。作为非限制性实例，车辆100的实施例可以包括客车、轻型或重型卡车、多功能车、农用车辆、工业/仓库车辆、休闲越野车辆或另一种合适的车辆。
发动机40优选地是通过热力学燃烧过程将燃料转换为机械转矩的多缸内燃机。发动机40配备有多个致动器和感测装置用于监测操作和输送燃料以形成缸内燃烧充气，其在活塞上生成传送至曲轴35以产生转矩的膨胀力。发动机40优选地受发动机控制器(ECM)44控制，包括控制一个或多个各种状态中的发动机操作，各种状态包括启动状态、关闭状态、全缸状态、停缸状态、燃料供应状态以及燃料切断(FCO)状态。发动机40优选地利用合适的硬件进行机械化，且ECM 44优选地包括合适的可执行例程以在动力系系统20的正进行操作期间执行自动启动和自动停止功能、FCO功能以及停缸功能。发动机40在其未旋转时被视为处于关闭状态。发动机40在其旋转时被视为处于启动状态，包括发动机40自旋并且未供应燃料的一个或多个FCO状态。停缸状态包括发动机操作，其中一个或多个发动机汽缸由于未供应燃料、未点火而停用，并且优选地操作成使得发动机排气阀处于开启状态以将泵送损失最小化，而剩余的汽缸进行燃料供应、点火并且产生转矩。用于执行自动启动、自动停止、FCO以及停缸例程的发动机机械化和控制例程是已知的并且不会在本文进行描述。
变速器50可以是多档固定齿轮步进变速器装置，其配置成以预定速度/转矩换档点自动地换档。变速器50配置成以多个可选固定传动比中的一个传动比来操作，该传动比实现操作者转矩请求与发动机操作点之间的优选匹配，且该变速器优选地采用一个或多个差速器齿轮组和液压启动的离合器来执行换档以允许输入构件48与输出构件62之间进行速比范围内的一个可选固定传动比的转矩传送。变速器50可以使用与变速器控制器(TCM)进行通信的可控制液压电路来控制。变速器50执行升档以换档至具有较低数值倍数比(传动比)的固定齿轮，并且执行降档以换档为具有较高数值倍数比的固定齿轮。变速器升档可需要降低发动机速度，因此在与目标齿轮状态相关联的传动比的情况下，发动机速度匹配变速器输出速度乘以传动比。变速器降档可需要增大发动机速度，因此在与目标齿轮状态相关联的传动比的情况下，发动机速度匹配变速器输出速度乘以传动比。替代地，变速器50可以配置为使用皮带和可移动滑轮或其它可变比装置且受其连续可变比的类似液压控制的无级变速器(CVT)。替代地，变速器50可以配置为手动换档变速箱。在一个实施例中，变速器50可以包括机械化构件用于在输入构件48与输出构件62之间以与第一、标定前进方向或第二、标定倒车方向相关联的齿轮状态传送转矩。替代地，变速器50包括简易齿轮组，其设置成以齿轮状态传送动力使得输出构件62的旋转方向与输入构件48的旋转方向相同。然而，变速器50的简易齿轮组不包括倒车机构，并且因此不会设置成将动力以输出构件62的旋转方向传送，该旋转方向与输入构件48的旋转方向相反。
高电压DC电源25经由高电压DC总线29电连接至逆变器模块32以响应于产生于控制系统10中的控制信号而经由高电压导体31将高电压DC电力传送至电机34。电机34优选地是多相电动马达/发电机，其配置成将存储的电能转换为机械动力并且将机械动力转换为可以存储在DC电源25中的电能。电机34优选地包括耦接至可旋转构件33的转子以及定子，并且经由逆变器模块32和高电压总线29电连接至DC电源25。逆变器模块32配置有包括功率晶体管的合适的控制电路，该功率晶体管(例如，IGBT)用于将高电压DC电力变换为高电压AC电力并且将高电压AC电力变换为高电压DC电力。逆变器模块32优选地采用IGBT的脉宽调制(PWM)控制以将产生在DC电源25中的DC电力转换为AC电力以驱动电机34来生成转矩。类似地，逆变器模块32将传送至电机34的机械动力转换为DC电力以生成可以存储在DC电源25中的电能，包括作为再生控制策略的部分。逆变器模块32接收马达控制命令并且控制逆变器状态以提供马达驱动和再生制动功能性。在一个实施例中，DC/DC电力转换器23电连接至高电压总线29，并且经由低电压总线28对低电压电池27供电。此类电力连接是已知的并且不会在本文进行描述。借助非限制性实例，低电压电池27具有12Vdc的标定电压电平。低电压电池27电连接至辅助电力系统以对车辆上的低电压系统26提供低电压电力，该低电压系统包括(例如)照明系统、电动窗、HVAC风扇、座椅和信息娱乐系统。DC电源25可以是任何高电压能量存储装置，例如(不限于)多单元锂离子装置、超级电容器或另一种合适的装置。与DC电源25有关的受监测参数优选地包括电压电平、充电状态(SOC)、温度以及其它参数。借助非限制性实例，DC电源25具有48Vdc的标定电压电平。在一个实施例中，当车辆100静止时，DC电源25可以经由车载电池充电器24电连接至远程的非车载电源用于充电。
控制系统10包括控制器12，其以信号方式连接至操作者界面14并且优选地连接至多个人/机界面装置。人/机界面装置包括(例如)加速器踏板15、制动器踏板16以及变速器档位选择器(PRNDL)17。其它人/机界面装置优选地包括点火开关以使得操作者能够起动和启动发动机40、方向盘以及车前灯开关。加速器踏板15提供指示加速器踏板位置的信号输入，且制动器踏板16提供指示制动器踏板位置的信号输入。变速器档位选择器17提供指示车辆的操作者期望运动的方向的信号输入，其包括指示输出构件62的优选旋转方向(前进或倒车方向)的离散数量的操作者可选位置。
术语控制器、控制模块、模块、控制、控制单元、处理器和类似术语是指专用集成电路(ASIC)、电子电路、中央处理单元(例如，微处理器)以及呈存储器和存储装置(只读、可编程只读、随机访问、硬盘等)的形式的相关非暂时性存储器部件的任何一个或各种组合。非暂时性存储器部件能够存储呈一个或多个软件或固件程序或例程的形式的机器可读指令，是组合逻辑电路、输入/输出电路和装置、信号调节和缓冲电路，以及可由提供所描述功能性的一个或多个处理器访问的其它部件。输入/输出电路和装置包括模拟/数字转换器以及监测来自传感器的输入的相关装置，其中此类输入以预设采样频率或响应于触发事件而监测。软件、固件、程序、指令、控制例程、代码、算法和类似术语意味着包括刻度和查找表的任何控制器可执行指令集。每个控制器执行控制例程以提供期望功能，该功能包括监测来自感测装置和其它联网控制器的输入以及执行控制和诊断例程以控制致动器的操作。例程可以规则的间隔而执行，例如正进行的操作期间每100微秒执行一次。替代地，例程可以响应于触发事件的发生而执行。控制器之间的通信和控制器、致动器和/或传感器之间的通信可以使用直接有线点对点链路、联网通信总线链路、无线链路或任何另一种合适的通信链路而实现。通信包括以任何合适形式交换数据信号，包括(例如)经由导电介质交换电信号、经由空气交换电磁信号、经由光学波导交换光学信号等。数据信号可以包括代表来自传感器的输入的模拟、离散或数字化模拟信号、代表致动器命令的信号和控制器之间的通信信号。术语“信号”是指传达信息的任何物理上可辨别指示器，并且可以是能够行进通过介质的任何合适的波形(例如，电、光学、磁性、机械或电磁)，诸如DC、AC、正弦波、三角波、方形、振动等。
耦接至电机32的转子的可旋转构件33优选地经由第二离合器52和滑轮机构36可旋转地机械耦接至发动机40的曲轴35。优选地，第二离合器52在启动时优选地耦接滑轮机构36和发动机40的曲轴35。电机34的可旋转构件33经由第三离合器53和齿轮组45可旋转地耦接至变速器50的输入构件48。滑轮机构36设置成当第二离合器52启动时以第一输入/输出传动比耦接电机34和发动机40的旋转。
齿轮组45优选地包括具有与第二带齿齿轮47啮合接合的第一带齿齿轮46的正排量齿轮装置机构，其中第一带齿齿轮46连接至旋转构件，该旋转构件经由第三离合器53的启动可旋转地连接至电机34的转子的可旋转构件33。第二带齿齿轮47可通过第一离合器51的启动连接至发动机40的曲轴35，并且优选地连接至变速器50的输入构件48。第一带齿齿轮46和第二带齿齿轮47的齿数选择成执行第二输入/输出传动比。齿轮组45设置成以第二输入/输出传动比耦接电机34以及变速器50的输入构件48的旋转。第一输入/输出传动比基本上小于第二输入/输出传动比。借助非限制性实例，第一输入/输出传动比可以是2.5:1，且第二输入/输出传动比可以是10:1。替代地，第一输入/输出传动比可以是4:1，且第二输入/输出传动比可以是8:1。替代地，第一输入/输出传动比和第二输入/输出传动比可以是任何合适的值，其中第二输入/输出传动比优选地大于第一输入/输出传动比。在一个实施例中，辅助传动装置55经由第四离合器54可旋转地连接至滑轮机构36。在一个实施例中，辅助传动装置55是空气调节压缩机。
滑轮机构36配置成执行发动机40与电机34之间的转矩传送，包括从电机34至发动机40用于发动机自动启动和自动停止操作、牵引转矩辅助的转矩传送、用于再生车辆制动的转矩传送，以及从发动机40至电机34用于充电的转矩传送。滑轮机构36还配置成执行辅助传动装置55与发动机40或电机34之间的转矩传送。在一个实施例中，滑轮机构36包括蛇形皮带38，其布线在可旋转地耦接至发动机40的曲轴35的第一滑轮39、附接至可经由第二离合器52耦接至电机34的转子的旋转轴的第二滑轮37以及可旋转地耦接至辅助传动装置55的第三滑轮56之间。第一滑轮39和第二滑轮37的有效直径选择成执行第一输入/输出传动比。替代地，滑轮机构36可以包括正排量齿轮装置机构或发动机40与电机34之间的另一个合适的可靠机械旋转连接件。因而，电动电机34可用于使发动机40旋转，且反之亦然。另外，电机34或发动机40可用于使辅助传动装置55旋转。在本发明的范围内可以采用包括可旋转地机械耦接至发动机40的电机34的多模式动力系系统20的其它配置。
当变速器50包括倒车档时，滑轮机构36和齿轮组45优选地具有正比或负比，意味着它们在曲轴35与电机34的可旋转构件33之间传送相同方向的旋转。因而，滑轮机构36配置成驱动皮带38的相对侧上的第一滑轮37和第二滑轮39，或替代地，齿轮组45包括第一带齿齿轮46与第二带齿齿轮47之间的空转齿轮(未示出)。
第一离合器51、第二离合器52、第三离合器53以及第四离合器54可以是用于在传动构件与从动构件之间传送旋转机械动力。这可以包括(借助非限制性实例)摩擦离合器、单向离合器、可选单向离合器或另一个合适的装置。在一个实施例中，当变速器50配置为手动换档变速箱时，第一离合器51是经操作者致动的离合器装置。经操作者致动的离合器装置和手动换档变速箱对于本领域技术人员而言是已知的。
本文所述的动力系系统20的操作状态可以包括电动车(EV)状态、并联混合动力(PH)状态、发电状态、发动机启动状态以及车辆发动/发动机启动状态，其各自可以通过第一离合器51、第二离合器52以及第三离合器53的启动和停用来确定。参考表1指示与各种操作状态相关联的离合器启动，其中对于此实施例，‘X’指示第一离合器51、第二离合器52以及第三离合器53中的完全启动的离合器且‘S’指示第一离合器51、第二离合器52以及第三离合器53中的部分启动(即，在滑移时传输转矩)的离合器。
表1
Figure BDA0001295337320000081
在EV状态中，电机34生成转矩，该转矩经由启动了第三离合器53的齿轮组45传送至变速器50。发动机40可以处于关闭状态或FCO状态或空转。第四离合器54可以选择性地启动以操作辅助传动装置55。
PH状态包括低传动比PH状态和高传动比PH状态。在每个状态中，发动机40生成转矩，该转矩经由第一离合器51的启动传送至变速器50。在高传动比PH状态中，电机34生成转矩，该转矩经由启动了第三离合器53的齿轮组45传送至变速器50。在低传动比PH状态中，电机34生成转矩，该转矩经由启动了第二离合器52的齿轮组45传送至变速器50。第四离合器54可以选择性地启动以操作辅助传动装置55。
在间接PH状态中，启动第二离合器52和第三离合器53且仅通过滑轮机构36将发动机动力传送至一个或多个车轮66。这可以在滑轮机构36和齿轮组46传送相同方向的旋转的情况下当操作者未能接合经操作者控制的第一离合器51时的条件下采用。替代地，如果滑轮机构36和齿轮组46传送相反方向的旋转，那么间接PH状态可以用于使用发动机40提供倒车，且变速器50可以具有不包括倒车机构的简易构造。因而，变速器50的齿轮组设置成传送动力，使得输出构件62的旋转方向与输入构件48的旋转方向相同。然而，变速器50的齿轮组不包括倒车机构，并且因此并未设置成将动力以输出构件62的旋转方向传送，该旋转方向与输入构件48的旋转方向相反。
在以低传动比发动机启动进行的选用EV状态中，第二离合器52滑移且第三离合器53启动，这要求第二离合器被设计用于滑移且来自电机34的附加转矩由于低传动比而启动发动机40。当操作者突然指令最大加速度时，此状态可能用于避开其它状态，这快速地需要高发动机速度和PH操作。在以高传动比发动机启动进行的EV状态中，第一离合器51滑移且第三离合器53启动。在仅发动机状态中，发动机40经由第一离合器51的启动耦接至变速器50，否则通过第二离合器52的停用从滑轮机构36解耦。电机34还通过第三离合器53的停用与提供传动系转矩解耦。
在发电状态中，发动机40生成经由第一离合器51的启动传送至变速器50的转矩，并且经由滑轮机构36和第二离合器52将转矩传送至电机34用于发电。
发动机启动可通过采用电机34生成转矩而执行，该转矩经由滑轮机构36和第二离合器52传送以使发动机自旋40作为启动例程的部分。第四离合器54可以选择性地停用以避免在发动机启动期间操作辅助传动装置55。
空档可通过停用第一离合器51、第二离合器52和第三离合器53而实现，在该操作期间，电机34能够提供转矩用于辅助传动目的。
此设置促进动力系系统采用单个相对较小尺寸电机的通电，该电机具有相对较低马达转矩能力。电机与变速器输入之间的高传动比允许低变速器输入速度并同时以EV状态操作以将发动机启动的离合器速度和动力损失最小化。另外，发动机为启动状态的操作期间电机与发动机之间的低传动比促进混合动力推进，诸如处于PH状态。
图2示意地示出可以耦接至传动系160并且受控制系统110控制的动力系系统120的另一个实施例的选定元件，其中动力系系统120可以有利地在车辆200上采用来生成推进转矩。动力系系统120包括多个转矩生成装置，其包括内燃机(发动机)140和单个非燃烧转矩机(例如，电动马达/发电机(电机)134)。发动机140和电机134设置成通过变速器150传送转矩，该变速器可旋转地耦接至传动系160以在其间传送转矩。在一个实施例中，传动系160可以包括机械地耦接至一个或多个车轴164、驱动桥或半轴的差速器齿轮装置，该车轴164、驱动桥或半轴机械地耦接至车轮166。传动系160在变速器150与路面之间传送牵引动力。本文所述的概念可以应用于包括发动机140和电机134的任何合适的动力系配置，该发动机140和电机134设置成生成可经由变速器150传送至传动系160的转矩。本文所述的概念类似于参考图1所述的那些概念。
动力系系统120包括如本文所述般设置以将机械动力传送至变速器140的发动机140和电机134。发动机140包括曲轴135，该曲轴可以经由第一离合器151可旋转地耦接至变速器150的输入构件148的第一端147。电机134包括可旋转地耦接至其转子的输出构件133，且输出构件133可旋转地耦接至复合行星齿轮组170的太阳齿轮172。变速器150的输入构件148的第二端149行进通过变速器150的主体并且可旋转地耦接至复合行星齿轮组170的行星架176。
复合行星齿轮组170包括太阳齿轮172、多个复合小齿轮173，该多个复合小齿轮分别可旋转地耦接至行星架176以及第一环形齿轮178和第二环形齿轮180。每个复合小齿轮173包括可旋转地与第二小齿轮175耦接的第一小齿轮174。第一小齿轮174与第一环形齿轮178啮合接合且第二小齿轮175与第二环形齿轮180啮合接合。优选地，第一小齿轮174的直径和齿计数大于第二小齿轮175的直径和齿计数。第一可控离合器制动器(制动器)179在启动时可耦接至第一环形齿轮178以将其旋转接地，且第二可控离合器制动器(制动器)181在启动时可耦接至第二环形齿轮180以将其旋转接地。当第一制动器179启动时，复合行星齿轮组170以相对较低传动比(例如，4:1传动比)在电机134与输入构件148之间传送机械动力。当第二制动器181启动时，复合行星齿轮组170以相对较高传动比(例如，8:1传动比)在电机134与输入构件148之间传送机械动力。较低和较高传动比可以是任何合适的传动比，并且与第一小齿轮174的直径和齿计数与第二小齿轮175的直径和齿计数的关系有关。第一离合器151以及第一制动器179和第二制动器181可以是任何合适的可选择性启动的机械装置，并且可以包括(借助非限制性实例)摩擦离合器、单向离合器、可选单向离合器或另一个合适的装置。在一个实施例中，当变速器150配置为手动换档变速箱时，第一离合器151配置为经操作者致动的离合器装置。经操作者致动的离合器装置和手动换档变速箱对于本领域技术人员而言是已知的。
本文所述的动力系系统120的操作状态可以包括电动车(EV)状态、并联混合动力(PH)状态、发电状态、发动机启动状态以及车辆发动/发动机启动状态，其各自可以通过第一离合器151以及第一制动器179和第二制动器181的启动和停用来确定。参考表2指示与各种操作状态相关联的离合器启动，其中对于此实施例，‘X’指示第一离合器151以及第一制动器179和第二制动器181中的完全启动的一个且‘S’指示第一离合器151以及第一制动器179和第二制动器181中的部分启动(即，在滑移时传输转矩)的一个。
表2
Figure BDA0001295337320000111
在EV状态中，电机134能够生成转矩，该转矩可以经由启动了第一制动器179和第二制动器181中的一个的复合行星齿轮组170传送至变速器150。发动机140可以处于关闭状态或FCO状态或空转。PH状态包括低传动比PH状态和高传动比PH状态。在每个状态中，发动机140能够生成转矩，该转矩经由复合行星齿轮组170经由第一离合器151的启动传送至变速器150。在高传动比PH状态中，第二制动器181启动，且电机134能够生成传送至变速器150的转矩。在低传动比PH状态中，第一制动器179启动，且电机134能够生成传送至变速器150的转矩。生成的转矩还可以经由启动了第一制动器181的复合行星齿轮组170传送至电机134用于发电。在发动机启动的高传动比EV状态中，电机134能够生成转矩，该转矩可以经由输入构件148、第一离合器151以及第二制动器181传送以使发动机140自旋作为启动例程的部分。在发动机启动的低传动比EV状态中，电机134能够生成转矩，该转矩可以经由输入构件148、第一离合器151以及第一制动器179传送以使发动机140自旋作为启动例程的部分。
此设置促进动力系系统采用单个相对较小尺寸电机的通电，该电机具有相对较低马达转矩能力。电机与变速器输入之间的高传动比允许低变速器输入速度并同时以EV状态操作以将发动机启动的离合器速度和动力损失最小化。另外，发动机为启动状态的操作期间电机与发动机之间的低传动比促进混合动力推进，诸如处于PH状态。
参考图1和2所示的实施例促进车辆操作，其中发动机始终保持低速或中等速度。此车辆操作包括以EV状态发动静止的车辆、使用发动机启动状态的高传动比EV从EV状态转变至发动机启动操作、以PH状态-高传动比状态进行的稳定状态巡航，以及以EV状态进行的再生制动。
详述和附图或图支持并且描述本教导，但是本教导的范围仅仅是由权利要求限定。虽然已详细地描述了用于实行本教导的某些最佳模式和其它实施例，但是存在用于实践随附权利要求书中限定的本发明的各种替代设计和实施例。

Claims (9)

1.一种动力系系统，其包括：
内燃机，其具有曲柄构件；
转矩机，其具有可旋转轴构件；以及
变速器，其具有输入构件和输出构件；
第一离合器，其设置成将所述内燃机的所述曲柄构件耦接至所述变速器的所述输入构件；
滑轮机构，其设置成经由第二离合器将所述转矩机的所述可旋转轴构件耦接至所述内燃机的所述曲柄构件；以及
齿轮组，其设置成经由第三离合器将所述转矩机的所述可旋转轴构件耦接至所述变速器的所述输入构件；
其中所述内燃机的所述曲柄构件可耦接至所述变速器的所述输入构件；
其中所述转矩机的所述可旋转轴构件以第一传动比可耦接至所述内燃机的所述曲柄构件；
其中所述转矩机的所述可旋转轴构件可以第二传动比耦接至所述变速器的所述输入构件；以及
其中所述第一传动比小于所述第二传动比。
2.根据权利要求1所述的动力系系统，其中所述滑轮机构包括可旋转地耦接至所述内燃机的所述曲柄构件的第一滑轮以及可经由所述第二离合器可旋转地耦接至所述转矩机的所述可旋转轴构件的第二滑轮，其中所述第一滑轮和所述第二滑轮的有效直径选择成执行所述第一传动比。
3.根据权利要求1所述的动力系系统，其中所述动力系系统操作以经由所述滑轮机构通过所述第二离合器和所述第三离合器的启动将源于所述内燃机的动力传送至所述变速器。
4.根据权利要求1所述的动力系系统，其中所述滑轮机构设置成将机械动力以第一旋转方向传送至所述变速器的所述输入构件，且其中所述齿轮组设置成将机械动力以与所述第一旋转方向相反的第二旋转方向传送至所述变速器的所述输入构件。
5.根据权利要求4所述的动力系系统，其中所述变速器设置成经由所述第二离合器和所述第三离合器的启动以倒车方向操作。
6.根据权利要求4所述的动力系系统，其中所述变速器设置成传送动力使得所述输出构件的旋转方向与所述变速器的所述输入构件的所述旋转方向相同，且其中所述变速器并未设置成将动力以所述输出构件的旋转方向传送，所述旋转方向与所述变速器的所述输入构件的所述旋转方向相反。
7.根据权利要求1所述的动力系系统，其中所述齿轮组包括可经由第三离合器可旋转地耦接至所述转矩机的所述可旋转轴构件的第一带齿齿轮以及可旋转地连接至所述变速器的所述输入构件的第二带齿齿轮，且其中所述第一带齿齿轮和所述第二带齿齿轮的齿计数选择成执行所述第二传动比。
8.根据权利要求1所述的动力系系统，其中当仅所述第三离合器启动时，所述动力系系统以电动车状态操作。
9.根据权利要求1所述的动力系系统，其中所述第一传动比是4:1且所述第二传动比是8:1。
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