CN107429734A - 推力滑动轴承 - Google Patents
推力滑动轴承 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明所要解决的问题是提供一种能降低摩擦力的推力滑动轴承。曲轴垫圈(10)支承作用于曲轴的推力方向的载荷,其中,在推力承受面呈放射状形成有油槽(16),在由油槽(16)所划分出的斜棱区域(TP)层叠有第一树脂片(11)、第二树脂片(12)以及第三树脂片(13),层叠的第一树脂片(11)、第二树脂片(12)以及第三树脂片(13)的周向的宽度随着朝向上层而变窄。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种推力滑动轴承的技术。
背景技术
推力滑动轴承作为支承旋转轴的推力方向的载荷的轴承被公知。例如,专利文献1中公开了如下的推力滑动轴承:推力承受面通过呈放射状形成的供油槽而被分割为多个扇形,形成有沿周缘以规定宽度以及固定的规定高度突出并朝向前侧的供油槽开口的コ字形的第一凸部。
但是,在专利文献1所公开的推力滑动轴承中,由于凸部形成为コ字形,因此,径向的宽度窄,无法提高油膜压力,摩擦力增加。此外,由于凸部形成为コ字形,因此,与旋转轴的接触面积变大,摩擦力增加。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2013-148136号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的问题
本发明所要解决的问题是提供一种能降低摩擦力的推力滑动轴承。
用于解决问题的方案
在本发明的推力滑动轴承中,优选:推力滑动轴承支承作用于旋转轴的推力方向的载荷,其中,在推力承受面呈放射状形成有油槽,在由所述油槽所划分出的区域层叠有多片树脂,所述层叠的树脂的周向的宽度随着朝向上层而变窄。
在本发明的推力滑动轴承中,所述层叠的树脂以如下方式层叠:以穿过由所述油槽所划分出的区域的周向的大致中心的中心线为轴呈线对称。
在本发明的推力滑动轴承中,所述层叠的树脂具备脊部和隔着脊部形成的锥形部或台阶部。
发明效果
根据本发明的推力滑动轴承,能降低摩擦力。
附图说明
图1是表示第一实施方式的曲轴垫圈的构成的示意图。
图2是表示第二实施方式的曲轴垫圈的构成的示意图。
图3是表示第三实施方式的曲轴垫圈的构成的示意图。
图4是表示第四实施方式的曲轴垫圈的构成的示意图。
具体实施方式
使用图1对曲轴垫圈(crank washer)10的构成进行说明。
需要说明的是,在图1(A)中以俯视图示出了曲轴垫圈10的构成。此外,在图1(B)中示出了图1(A)的X1-X1剖面。
曲轴垫圈10是本发明的推力滑动轴承的第一实施方式。曲轴垫圈10是配置于曲轴的主轴与外壳之间并相对于外壳支承曲轴的推力方向的载荷的轴承。
曲轴垫圈10是通过将大致环形的平板对半切割而形成。以下,按以曲轴垫圈10的大致环形的外周圆为基准的周向或径向对曲轴垫圈10进行说明(参照图1(A))。需要说明的是,图1(A)的周向的长度宏观上作为宽度来进行说明。
曲轴垫圈10在主体15形成有油槽16,并层叠作为树脂的第一树脂片11、作为树脂的第二树脂片12以及作为树脂的第三树脂片13而构成。
主体15是通过将大致环形的平板对半切割而形成。在主体15的推力承受面(支承曲轴的一侧)形成有多个油槽16。油槽16从外周圆的中心朝向外周圆呈放射状形成。换言之,油槽16沿外周圆的径向形成。本实施方式的曲轴垫圈10形成有三条油槽16。
在此,将由主体15的油槽16所划分出的区域或者由主体15的周向的端侧和油槽16所划分出的区域设为斜棱区域TP。
第一树脂片11层叠(coating:涂覆)于主体15的斜棱区域TP。第一树脂片11是以第一幅度W11将与主体15大致相同的大致环形的片在周向分割而形成。第一宽度W11与斜棱区域TP的宽度大致相同。
第二树脂片12层叠(coating)于第一树脂片11。第二树脂片12是以第二宽度W12将与主体15大致相同的大致环形的片在周向分割而形成。第二宽度W12比第一宽度W11窄。
第三树脂片13层叠(coating)于第二树脂片12。第三树脂片13是以第三宽度W13将与主体15大致相同的大致环形的片在周向分割而成的形状。第三幅W13比第二幅W12窄。
就是说,第一树脂片11、第二树脂片12以及第三树脂片13以各自的周向的宽度越朝向上层越变窄的方式层叠。
此外,第一树脂片11、第二树脂片12以及第三树脂片13以相对于穿过主体15的斜棱区域TP的周向的大致中心的中心线C呈线对称的方式层叠。
换言之,第一树脂片11、第二树脂片12以及第三树脂片13以使穿过各自的周向的大致中心的中心线与斜棱区域TP的中心线C重合的方式层叠。
需要说明的是,在本实施方式中,第一树脂片11、第二树脂片12以及第三树脂片13由相同材质的树脂片构成。
通过这样的构成,从第三树脂片13沿周向直至油槽16,通过第三树脂片13的端部、第二树脂片12的端部以及第一树脂片11的端部而形成阶梯形状。
由第三树脂片13的端部、第二树脂片12的端部以及第一树脂片11的端部所形成的阶梯形状宏观上为锥形(以下,设为锥形部T)。此外,将第三树脂片13的推力承受面一侧设为脊部L。
需要说明的是,在本实施方式中,虽然由第三树脂片13的端部、第二树脂片12的端部以及第一树脂片11的端部所形成的阶梯形状宏观上为锥形,但也可以采用通过调整树脂的粘度、成分而设为锥形的构成。
对曲轴垫圈10的作用进行说明。
如上所述,在曲轴垫圈10,曲轴的主轴经由润滑油而在推力承受面侧滑动(旋转)。
在曲轴(发动机)的高速旋转区域,润滑油的油膜压力通过锥形部T的油楔作用而提高,曲轴垫圈10与曲轴的摩擦力降低。在此,油楔作用是指如下现象:润滑油从间隙厚的一侧被引入至薄的一侧,会在油膜产生压力,所产生的油膜压力支撑作用于轴的载荷。
在曲轴(发动机)的低速旋转区域,由于仅第三树脂片13(脊部L)隔着润滑油与曲轴接触,因此,通过包含固体润滑剂的树脂来实现低摩擦力,曲轴垫圈10与曲轴的摩擦力降低。
对曲轴垫圈10的效果进行说明。
根据曲轴垫圈10,能降低摩擦力。
即,根据曲轴垫圈10,在低速旋转区域,通过第三树脂片13来实现低摩擦力,在高速旋转区域,摩擦力通过锥形部T的油楔作用而降低,能在整个旋转区域降低摩擦力。
此外,根据曲轴垫圈10,第一树脂片11、第二树脂片12以及第三树脂片13以相对于中心线C呈线对称的方式层叠,由此,无论曲轴相对于推力承受面为哪一旋转方向,都会起到同样的油楔作用。因此,不会通过旋转方向来特别指定所组装的曲轴垫圈10,能实现零件的通用化。
使用图2对曲轴垫圈20的构成进行说明。
需要说明的是,在图2(A)中以俯视图示出了曲轴垫圈20的构成。此外,在图2(B)中示出了图2(A)的X2-X2剖面。而且,关于图2所示的周向以及径向,也与图1相同。
曲轴垫圈20是本发明的推力滑动轴承的第二实施方式。曲轴垫圈20在主体25形成有油槽26,并层叠作为树脂的第一树脂片21、作为树脂的第二树脂片22以及作为树脂的第三树脂片23而构成。
关于主体25、油槽26以及斜棱区域TP,由于是与第一实施方式的主体15以及油槽16相同的构成,因此省略说明。
第一树脂片21层叠于主体25的斜棱区域TP。第一树脂片21是以第一宽度W21将与主体25大致相同的大致环形的片在周向分割而形成。第一宽度W21充分小于斜棱区域TP的宽度。
第二树脂片22层叠于第一树脂片21。第二树脂片22是以第二宽度W22将与主体25大致相同的大致环形的片在周向分割而形成。第二宽度W22比第一宽度W21宽。
第三树脂片23层叠于第二树脂片22。第三树脂片23是以第三宽度W23将与主体25大致相同的大致环形的片在周向分割而形成。第三宽度W23比第二宽度W22宽。需要说明的是,第三宽度W23与斜棱区域TP的宽度大致相同。
就是说,第一树脂片21、第二树脂片22以及第三树脂片23以各自的周向的宽度越朝向上层越变宽的方式层叠。
此外,第一树脂片21、第二树脂片22以及第三树脂片23以相对于穿过主体25的斜棱区域TP的周向的大致中心的中心线C呈线对称的方式层叠。
换言之,第一树脂片21、第二树脂片22以及第三树脂片23以使穿过各自周向的大致中心的中心线与斜棱区域TP的中心线C重合的方式层叠。
通过这样的构成,从第三树脂片23沿周向直至油槽26,第三树脂片23通过第二树脂片22的端部以及第一树脂片21的端部而倾斜来形成锥形(以下,设为锥形部T)。此外,将第三树脂片23的平坦的推力承受面一侧设为脊部L。
关于曲轴垫圈20的作用以及效果,由于与第一实施方式的曲轴垫圈10相同,因此省略说明。
使用图3对曲轴垫圈30的构成进行说明。
需要说明的是,在图3(A)中以俯视图示出了曲轴垫圈30的构成。此外,在图3(B)中示出了图3(A)的X3-X3剖面。而且,关于图3所示的周向以及径向,也与图1相同。
曲轴垫圈30是本发明的推力滑动轴承的第三实施方式。曲轴垫圈30在主体35形成有油槽36,并层叠第一树脂片31、第二树脂片32以及第三树脂片33而构成。
由于主体35、油槽36、第一树脂片31、第二树脂片32以及第三树脂片33是与第一实施方式的主体15、油槽16、第一树脂片11、第二树脂片12以及第三树脂片13相同的构成,因此省略说明。
需要说明的是,第三树脂片33与第一树脂片31以及第二树脂片32的树脂的材质不同。
具体而言,与第一树脂片31以及第二树脂片32相比,第三树脂片33使用刚性低并且耐磨损性高的树脂片。另一方面,与第三树脂片33相比,第一树脂片31以及第二树脂片32使用刚性高并且耐磨损性低的树脂片。
关于曲轴垫圈30的作用以及效果,由于是大致与第一实施方式的曲轴垫圈10相同的效果,因此,关于与第一实施方式的曲轴垫圈10同样的作用以及效果,省略说明。
对本实施方式的曲轴垫圈30的特有的效果进行说明。
根据曲轴垫圈30,在第三树脂片33使用刚性低并且耐磨损性高的树脂,由此,能进一步降低低速旋转区域的摩擦力,而且能提高树脂片的耐久性。
使用图4对曲轴垫圈40的构成进行说明。
需要说明的是,在图4(A)中以俯视图示出了曲轴垫圈40的构成。此外,在图4(B)中示出了图4(A)的X4-X4剖面。而且,关于图4所示的周向以及径向,也与图1相同。
曲轴垫圈40是本发明的推力滑动轴承的第四实施方式。关于曲轴垫圈40,除了形成为大致环形以外,与第一实施方式的曲轴垫圈10是相同的构成,因此省略说明。
关于曲轴垫圈40的作用以及效果,由于与第一实施方式的曲轴垫圈10相同,因此省略说明。
需要说明的是,在本实施方式中,对本发明的推力滑动轴承采用曲轴垫圈10,但不限定于此。例如,即使将本发明的推力滑动轴承应用于小齿轮垫圈也会得到相同的作用以及效果。
需要说明的是,作为本实施方式(第一实施方式~第四实施方式)的树脂的构成,采用的是将聚酰胺(PA)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、聚苯并咪唑(PBI)、聚乙烯(PE)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、环氧树脂、苯酚树脂或有机硅树脂中的一种树脂与二硫化钼(MoS2)、二硫化钨(WS2)、石墨、六方晶氮化硼、合成云母、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)中的一种固体润滑剂组合而成的构成。
此外,在本实施方式(第一实施方式~第四实施方式)的树脂中,可以为了提高耐摩耗性而添加Al2O3、AlN、SiO2、CrO2、Si3N4、SiC、或ZrO2等硬质粒子,也可以为了提高适应性而添加Sn、Pb、Bi、Zn、Ag、Cu或In等软质金属。
此外,在本实施方式(第一实施方式~第四实施方式)中,虽然采用层叠树脂片的构成,但不限定于此。例如,也可以是通过移印来层叠树脂的构成。
产业上的可利用性
本发明能利用于推力滑动轴承。
附图标记说明:
10 曲轴垫圈
11 第一树脂片
12 第二树脂片
13 第三树脂片
15 主体
16 油槽
Claims (3)
1.一种推力滑动轴承,支承作用于旋转轴的推力方向的载荷,其中,
在推力承受面呈放射状形成有油槽,
在由所述油槽所划分出的区域层叠有多片树脂,
所述层叠的树脂的周向的宽度随着朝向上层而变窄。
2.根据权利要求1所述的推力滑动轴承,其中,
所述层叠的树脂以如下方式层叠:以穿过由所述油槽所划分出的区域的周向的大致中心的中心线为轴呈线对称。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的推力滑动轴承,其中,
所述层叠的树脂具备脊部以及隔着脊部形成的锥形部或台阶部。
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JP2015047438A JP6228558B2 (ja) | 2015-03-10 | 2015-03-10 | スラストすべり軸受 |
PCT/JP2015/085447 WO2016143225A1 (ja) | 2015-03-10 | 2015-12-18 | スラストすべり軸受 |
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US (1) | US10184513B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3269988A4 (zh) |
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US11353057B2 (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2022-06-07 | Elliott Company | Journal and thrust gas bearing |
JP2022147891A (ja) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-10-06 | 大同メタル工業株式会社 | 内燃機関のクランク軸用の半割スラスト軸受および軸受装置 |
JP2022147888A (ja) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-10-06 | 大同メタル工業株式会社 | 内燃機関のクランク軸用の半割スラスト軸受および軸受装置 |
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JP6228558B2 (ja) | 2017-11-08 |
JP2016166662A (ja) | 2016-09-15 |
CN107429734B (zh) | 2019-05-28 |
EP3269988A1 (en) | 2018-01-17 |
WO2016143225A1 (ja) | 2016-09-15 |
US10184513B2 (en) | 2019-01-22 |
EP3269988A4 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
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