CN107429528B - 机动车锁 - Google Patents

机动车锁 Download PDF

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CN107429528B
CN107429528B CN201680018493.9A CN201680018493A CN107429528B CN 107429528 B CN107429528 B CN 107429528B CN 201680018493 A CN201680018493 A CN 201680018493A CN 107429528 B CN107429528 B CN 107429528B
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motor vehicle
lock
door
open position
locking
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CN107429528A (zh
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T·本德尔
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Kiekert AG
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
    • E05B81/12—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by the function or purpose of the powered actuators
    • E05B81/14—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by the function or purpose of the powered actuators operating on bolt detents, e.g. for unlatching the bolt
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
    • E05B81/12—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by the function or purpose of the powered actuators
    • E05B81/13—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by the function or purpose of the powered actuators a single actuator for driving a lock and additional vehicle components, e.g. window wipers or window lifters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
    • E05B81/12—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by the function or purpose of the powered actuators
    • E05B81/20—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by the function or purpose of the powered actuators for assisting final closing or for initiating opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
    • B60J1/08—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor arranged at vehicle sides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J5/00—Doors
    • B60J5/04—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides
    • B60J5/047—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides characterised by the opening or closing movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
    • E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
    • E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
    • E05C17/04—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
    • E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
    • E05C17/04—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing
    • E05C17/045—Hinges for the movable bar
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
    • E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
    • E05C17/04—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing
    • E05C17/047—Portable bars or the like, i.e. completely removable
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
    • E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
    • E05C17/04—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing
    • E05C17/12—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
    • E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
    • E05C17/04—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing
    • E05C17/12—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod
    • E05C17/16—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod pivoted only at one end and having an elongated slot
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
    • E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
    • E05C17/46—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means in which the wing or a member fixed thereon is engaged by a movable fastening member in a fixed position; in which a movable fastening member mounted on the wing engages a stationary member
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
    • E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
    • E05C17/46—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means in which the wing or a member fixed thereon is engaged by a movable fastening member in a fixed position; in which a movable fastening member mounted on the wing engages a stationary member
    • E05C17/50—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means in which the wing or a member fixed thereon is engaged by a movable fastening member in a fixed position; in which a movable fastening member mounted on the wing engages a stationary member comprising a single pivoted securing member
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
    • E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
    • E05F15/611—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for swinging wings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10S292/14—Hood latches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10S292/15—Door, checks, floor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/08—Bolts
    • Y10T292/1043—Swinging
    • Y10T292/1075—Operating means
    • Y10T292/1082—Motor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/11—Magnetic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/65—Braces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/65—Braces
    • Y10T292/67—Portable

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  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种机动车锁，具有：锁定装置，该锁定装置包括转动锁叉和至少一个锁定爪，其中，借助于锁定爪能锁止转动锁叉的转动运动；驱动装置，利用该驱动装置能将锁定爪从用于锁定装置的锁止位置转移到释放位置中；和翻转装置(9)，其中，借助于翻转装置(9)能将接纳机动车锁的车辆部件(4)从关闭位置移动到打开位置中，其中，翻转装置(9)将车辆部件(4)保持在其打开位置中，使得能防止车辆部件(4)自行打开越过打开位置。

Description

机动车锁
技术领域
本发明涉及一种机动车锁，具有：锁定装置、驱动装置和翻转装置，该锁定装置包括转动锁叉和至少一个锁定爪，其中，借助于锁定爪能锁止转动锁叉的转动运动；利用该驱动装置能将锁定爪从用于锁定装置的锁止位置转移到释放位置中；其中，借助于翻转装置能将接纳机动车锁的车辆部件从关闭位置移动到打开位置中。
背景技术
机动车的操作通过电子的和电气的辅助器件得到越来越多的简化。因此，借助于无线电遥控进行的闭锁和解锁在这期间越来越多地成为惯常而非特殊情况。同样已知的是，除了机动车锁的闭锁和解锁之外也可以设计成电气打开锁机构、优选锁定装置。如果锁定装置被打开，则可以例如在没有手动致动外致动把手的情况下打开机动车门。
由DE 298 12 121 U1已知了一种后盖板闭锁装置，其除了电气的打开机构之外还包含升降机构，利用该升降机构能将后盖板转移到打开位置中。闭锁装置包含电气的驱动器，该驱动器作用于杆链，借助于该杆链能使锁定装置解锁。如果锁定装置被解锁并且放开锁保持件，则因此可以打开后盖板。除了电气打开之外，闭锁机构还包括升降机构，其中，借助于升降机构能将后盖板转移到打开位置中。那么打开位置使操作者能够容易地抓住和完全地打开把手或后盖板本身。
由DE 10 2011 015 669 A1已知一种用于机动车门或盖板的翻转器，利用该翻转器能将门、盖板或罩从关闭位置转移到打开位置中。如果翻转装置例如涉及机动车侧门，则因此可以例如借助于电脉冲打开门。对此必须首先优选地电气解锁门锁的锁定装置，从而能打开门。如果现在例如门密封件压力不足以将门从关闭位置转移到打开位置中，则可以借助于翻转装置将门转移到打开位置中。打开位置在此以下述方式定义，即机动车的操作者能够这样抓住门，使得操作者能完全地打开门。在此，将电气的驱动器用作翻转装置，该驱动器通过驱动爪以及内杆和外杆机械地以杆摆动运动的形式作用于机动车门。
被直接内置到机动车门闭锁装置中的翻转装置由DE 20016292U1已知。由锁定爪和转动锁叉组成的锁具有锁定爪驱动器，利用该锁定爪驱动器能使锁定爪脱离与转动锁叉的接合。在电气致动之后，锁定爪驱动器将锁定爪从转动锁叉的接合区域中移出并且因此释放锁保持件，由此盖板、罩或门可以被打开。锁定爪驱动器现在继续运动并且通过锁定爪与转动锁叉之间的连接杆将转动锁叉拉入下述位置中：在该位置中，锁保持件不仅被放开，而且转动锁叉支撑在锁保持件上并且车辆部件——如罩、盖板或门——抬起或运动到打开位置中。由此产生车辆部件与机动车车身之间的间隙，其中，间隙提高了操作友好性。
在已知的翻转装置中出现的问题是，在锁定装置打开和门、盖板或罩运动之后，该车辆部件运动到一个不能确定的位置中。根据机动车的位置或取向在此可能出现，例如机动车门运动到程度不同的大的打开位置中。这种不能确定的状态是不期望的并且同样可能导致机动车上的干扰或损坏。
发明内容
本发明的目的是，提供一种改进的机动车锁。此外，本发明的目的是，实现以下可能性：将车辆部件置于确定的位置中，以便避免损坏或误操作。此外，本发明的目的是，提供一种结构简单且成本有利的解决方案。
所述目的根据本发明通过独立权利要求的特征来实现。本发明的有利的设计方案在从属权利要求中给出。要指出的是，下面所述的实施例不是限制性的，而是在说明书和从属权利要求中所述特征的任意的变型可能方案都是可行的。
根据权利要求1，本发明的目的由此实现：提供一种机动车锁，具有：锁定装置、驱动装置和翻转装置，该锁定装置包括转动锁叉和至少一个锁定爪，其中，借助于锁定爪能锁止转动锁叉的转动运动；利用该驱动装置能将锁定爪从用于锁定装置的锁止位置转移到释放位置中；其中，借助于翻转装置能将接纳机动车锁的车辆部件从关闭位置移动到打开位置中，其中，翻转装置将车辆部件保持在其打开位置中，使得能防止车辆部件自行打开到越过打开位置。现在，通过翻转装置的根据本发明的设计方案实现以下可能性：防止车辆部件被意外打开。翻转装置将车辆部件保持在其打开位置中，使得可靠地防止车辆部件完全自行打开。特别地，打开位置能使操作者抓住并且舒适地打开门。在此，打开位置可以根据车辆部件改变。但是打开位置优选地是以下位置，在该位置中能够实现接合到通过打开位置形成的间隙中。在此，车辆部件——其例如可以是门、盖板，发动机罩、滑动门或例如杂物箱——由翻转装置固定或保持在打开位置中。
本发明涉及一种机动车锁，其中，在此不仅要求保护机动车门锁，而且同样可以指锁扣，其可以作为发动机罩锁扣、后盖板锁扣、滑动门锁扣、油箱锁扣或盖板锁扣、以及所有那些具有自动打开装置并且应被保护以防止完全打开的车辆部件。优选地，本发明涉及具有锁定装置的机动车门锁，该锁定装置包括转动锁叉和至少一个锁定爪。
优选地，转动锁叉被以能转动的方式接纳在机动车锁中并且与锁保持件或锁架/弓形锁架共同作用。如果锁保持件与转动锁叉之间的相互作用例如引起转动锁叉沿关闭方向的转动运动，则锁定爪例如以弹簧加载的方式与转动锁叉共同作用，使得转动锁叉被固定或保持在其关闭位置中。锁定爪锁止转动锁叉的转动运动。
优选被电气致动的驱动装置作用于锁定爪并且可以将锁定爪从其锁止位置转移到释放位置中，从而转动锁叉被松开并且锁定装置打开。这种机动车锁扣也被称为电气的锁扣或E-锁扣，解锁的过程被称为电气的打开。特别在E-锁扣中——其中锁定装置例如被电气地放开——门密封件压力可以例如用于，将车辆部件从关闭位置转移到打开位置中。
如果现在例如门密封件压力不足以将机动车门从关闭位置转移到打开位置中以使得操作者能抓住和完全打开门，那么翻转装置用于，将机动车门转移到打开位置中。如果机动车在此例如以不利的角度例如在倾斜的街道上，则可能出现的是，E-锁的操作者电气打开并且机动车门从关闭位置自行打开到较远地越过打开位置的位置中。这可能导致门上的干扰、损坏或在最不利的情况下导致人员受伤。具有保持功能的根据本发明的翻转装置在此能够实现：机动车门或车辆部件被定位或保持在打开位置中。
在本发明的一个另选的实施方式中，翻转装置被至少部分地内置到机动车锁中。如果翻转装置是机动车锁的部件，则可以一方面节省结构空间并且此外可以简化翻转装置的安装。作为机动车锁的部件也还可以使用的是机动车的电气的或电子的组成部分，从而此外翻转装置不需要单独的供电。同样可以将翻转装置这样布置在机动车锁中，从而不必将额外的开口构造在机动车门中或者仅需略微改变现有的开口就能将根据本发明的翻转装置内置到机动车中。
如果驱动装置形成用于翻转装置的驱动器，则得出本发明的另一个实施方式。优选地使用电机作为用于电气打开机动车锁的驱动装置，该电机例如通过传动机构作用于调节装置，因此锁定爪能从转动锁叉上脱离。如果现在位于机动车锁中的电机被用作用于翻转装置的驱动装置，则可以放弃用于翻转装置的另一个驱动器。这减少了结构空间、成本和构件，因此得到包括多个功能的驱动装置的一系列优点。
翻转装置可以在另一个实施方式中具有翻转件，其中，借助于翻转件能将车辆部件移动到打开位置中。如果使用翻转件，则可以在机动车锁的区域中针对性地作用于机动车的组成部分。特别在此可能的是，例如使单独的翻转件在机动车锁中运动，该机动车锁与机动车的、与机动车锁共同作用的另外的构件共同作用，使得能获得锁与另外的构件之间的相对力。
在此，翻转件可以在本发明的一个变型中例如由能从机动车锁向外移动的挺杆形成。在此，挺杆可以例如具有齿部，通过该齿部能驱动挺杆并且使挺杆从锁向外运动。根据按照本发明的机动车锁的使用领域随后可能的是，通过翻转件的驱动以及也通过翻转件的长度来调节程度不同的大的行程。
如果翻转件与锁保持件、特别是锁保持销或锁保持架共同作用，则得到本发明的另一个实施方式。锁定装置在机动车锁使用在侧门、滑动门或盖板中的情况下大多时候与被固定在机动车上的锁保持件共同作用。锁定装置沿锁保持件的方向的运动在此使锁定装置被锁止。相反的运动当然同样是可以设想的和可能的。如果现在由于缺少门密封件压力，门不完全地运动到打开位置中，则翻转件可以直接作用于锁保持件并且例如利用挺杆使门运动到打开位置中。在此，调节件或翻转件被紧靠锁定装置布置，这又在结构空间方面是有利的。
另一个实施方式在于，翻转件与机动车元件——特别是门密封件——共同作用。作为机动车锁的组成部分的翻转件在例如机动车门的关闭状态中被紧靠门的密封件布置或者甚至直接贴靠在门密封件上。以有利的方式，翻转件现在可以作用于门密封件并且产生相对力，该相对力使门运动到打开位置中。门因此被从关闭位置移动到或压到打开位置中。
以有利的方式，翻转件可以形锁合地和/或力锁合地与机动车的另一个构件、特别是锁保持件共同作用。通过合适形式的设计方案，翻转件可以直接与锁保持件共同作用。如果例如锁保持销处于使用状态中，则翻转件与开口的形锁合部分、例如在用于安装的锁保持销中的凹处可以形锁合地共同作用并且例如接合到开口中。由此实现例如机动车门的特别成本有利且安全的保持。
同样可以设想，翻转件至少局部地形锁合地围绕接合锁保持件，因此一方面能将足够的力施加到锁保持件上，并且此外以下述方式确保形锁合：使得能够实现机动车门在打开位置中的定位、也就是说保持。
根据翻转件的设计方案但也可以设想的是翻转件与锁保持件之间的力锁合的连接。如果例如翻转件在一个变型中被用一种材料、例如塑料或橡胶涂层，则也可以提供翻转件与锁保持件之间的足够的力锁合，以便将门或盖板保持在其打开位置中，其中，优选产生摩擦连接。但也可以设想由摩擦连接和形锁合组成的组合。
在另一个实施方式中，翻转件借助于磁力与锁保持件共同作用。如果翻转件例如设计成磁性的，则能够非常容易地将机动车保持在打开位置中。机动车的多个构件是铁磁性的，从而翻转件能够与机动车的其它组成部分共同作用并且施加磁性的保持力。优选地，磁性的翻转件与锁保持件共同作用并且因此可以将例如机动车门保持在打开位置中。操作者可以在该打开位置中抓住门并且使翻转件从锁保持件上脱离。为此仅需克服翻转件与锁保持件之间的磁力。这使机动车的用户能够获得触觉的反馈并且因此获得安全感，即门被安全地保持在打开位置中。这当然同样适合于形锁合地和/或摩擦连接地和/或力锁合地保持车辆部件。
如果车辆部件是机动车门，则得到本发明的一个优选的实施方式，其中，机动车门能借助于翻转件以下述的程度进入到打开位置中，即能接合到位于机动车门与机动车车身之间的开口间隙中。特别对于机动车门适合的是使用翻转件，机动车门优选地设计为电动门、也就是说配有E-锁的门，其中，这种门例如也能设计为没有外致动把手。这特别由于美观原因并且在机动车的成型过程中是有利的。
如果可以借助于根据本发明的翻转装置一方面获得机动车门与机动车的另外的组成部分之间的间隙并且使门运动到打开位置中，则操作者一方面可以确认门没有自行打开，并且另一方面也存在借助于翻转件或翻转装置使门重新至少局部地返回运动到关闭位置中的可能性。由此能够实现至少在门的关闭位置与门的打开位置之间的区域中自动打开和关闭。借助于翻转件或翻转装置随后可以使机动车门从打开位置返回运动到关闭位置中并且至少这样远地返回运动到关闭位置中，从而能够实现例如借助于锁定装置自动拉紧。
附图说明
下面参考附图根据优选的实施例详细说明本发明。然而，实施例不限制本发明，而是仅显示一个有利的实施方式。所示出的特征可以单独地或以与说明书及权利要求的其它特征组合的形式单独地或组合地设计。
其中：
图1示出机动车的俯视图，该机动车具有位于打开位置中的侧门，
图2示出位于打开位置中的根据图1的侧门的俯视图，特别示出视图II，在剖面图中，其显示位于侧门中的机动车锁与翻转件之间的原理布置结构，该翻转件与锁保持件共同作用，
图3再次示出在锁保持件的区域中根据图2的剖面的放大视图，其表明在一个实施例中锁保持件与翻转件之间的相互作用，
图4同样示出在锁保持件的区域中根据图2的剖面图，具有翻转件的另选的实施方式，和
图5示出根据图3中的线V-V的锁保持件的视图，具有翻转件的另一个另选的实施方式。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出原理上示出的机动车1的俯视图。机动车1具有前部区域2、尾部区域3以及侧门4。机动车侧门4在打开位置中表示，其中，打开位置的特征在于，在机动车车身5与侧门4之间存在开口间隙S。在开口间隙S的区域中可以看到锁保持件6，该锁保持件在该实施例中设计为锁销。即使在这个实施例中根据本发明的翻转装置在机动车门4的例子中表示，但这不是限制性的。而是可以设想，翻转装置也例如可以用于位于机动车尾部3中的后盖7或者例如用于位于机动车前部区域中的发动机罩8。
在图2中在锁保持件6的区域中示出图1中细节II的放大视图。相同的构件在图中用相同的附图标记表示。为了更清楚地显示翻转装置9的布置结构，在通过位于锁保持件6上方的机动车1的剖面图中表示细节图II。翻转装置9被内置到机动车门锁10中并且具有翻转件11，该翻转件直接与锁保持件6共同作用。翻转件11在该实施例中能在翻转装置中这样运动，即翻转件11能从机动车门4向外运动。门密封件12被固定在机动车车身5的弯边13上。门密封件12——优选完整地——围绕机动车门并且将机动车1的内室相对于外界环境密封。除了这种密封功能之外，门密封件12还产生作用到机动车门4上的力，并且特别是当机动车门位于完全关闭的关闭位置中时。该门密封力可以被机动车门锁10使用，以便通过以下方式打开锁定装置：仅锁定爪从转动锁叉远离并且门密封力或门密封件压力引起转动锁叉的转动运动、也就是说打开锁定装置。翻转装置9随后将机动车门4完全移动到机动车门4的打开位置中。
在图3中在锁保持件6和门密封件12的区域中显示另一个细节。锁保持件6作为锁销与机动车车身5拧紧。示出挺杆14形式的第一翻转件11，其直接作用于锁销6。挺杆14可以例如设计为磁性的并且与所示实施例相反地也在没有形锁合地接合到锁销6中的翻转件15的情况下与锁销6共同作用。示出由挺杆14和形锁合地接合到锁销6中的翻转件15组成的组合。形锁合地设计的翻转件15具有锥形的顶端16，该顶端接合到锁销6的钥匙孔17中。形锁合地接合到锁销6中的翻转件15可以由弹性材料、例如塑料或弹簧钢制成，和/或弹性地贴靠在钥匙孔17中。在任何情况下形锁合的翻转件15都将足够的力作用到锁销6上，以便将机动车侧门4保持在开口位置或打开位置中。两个在图3中示出的翻转件14，15能从机动车侧门4中至少局部地向外移动。
图4示出了在锁保持件6的区域中的翻转装置9的另一个实施例。再次设计为挺杆16的翻转件11作用于锁销6，其中，挺杆16不从机动车门4向外运动。另选地或补充地可以设置另一个翻转件18，该翻转件能从机动车门4向外运动并作用于门密封件12。在此，翻转件18可以例如也设计为吸盘19。为了使翻转件18能齐平地接纳在机动车门4中，机动车门4或机动车门锁10具有凹处20，翻转件18能移动到该凹处中以及从中向外移出。
在图5中示出了根据图4中的线V-V的视图。设计为抓取指形件21形式的翻转件具有缺口22，该缺口至少形锁合地并且至少局部地围绕接合锁销6。机动车侧门4——在此以虚线表示——位于打开位置中，因此产生间隙S，操作者能伸进该间隙中并且完全打开门。因此显示出打开位置。在关闭位置中，机动车门4贴靠门密封件12并且不存在间隙S。
如果机动车门4现在从图5中所示的打开位置向外完全打开，则抓取指形件21能够运动到以虚线示出的位置中。这可以克服弹力在机动车门锁或翻转装置内部进行，抓取指形件21但也可以由弹性材料制成，因此虽然有足够的贴靠压力压向锁销使得机动车门4可靠地保持在打开位置中，但是操作者可以抓住并且在没有较大阻力的情况下打开机动车门。此外也可以设想，抓取指形件21额外设计成磁性的，以便能够将机动车门可靠地保持在打开位置中。
如果机动车门4位于关闭位置中，那么机动车门4就贴靠在门密封件12上。如果现在机动车门锁10被电动打开，那么机动车门4通过门密封件压力和借助于翻转装置9运动到打开位置中。在此，翻转件11，15，18或者说执行机构11，15，18线性地或近似线性地移动并且磁性地固定保持在锁保持架6上和/或可以类似于发动机罩抓钩——例如在图5中示出——朝向侧面运动，门在此被安全地保持在打开位置中。在打开之后，特别是在完全打开机动车门4之后可以重新收回翻转件，特别是执行机构、挺杆、吸盘和/或抓取指形件。在一个另选的实施方式中可以设想，将翻转件11，15，18用于关闭机动车门4，以便例如吸收关闭能量，其随后可以被重新提供用于使机动车门4从关闭位置运动到打开位置中。
附图标记列表：
1 机动车
2 机动车前部
3 机动车尾部
4 侧门，机动车侧门
5 机动车车身
6 锁保持件，锁销，锁保持架
7 后盖板
8 发动机罩
9 翻转装置
10 机动车门锁
11，15，18 翻转件，执行机构
12 门密封件
13 弯边
14 挺杆
16 锥形的顶端
17 钥匙孔
19 吸盘
20 凹处
21 抓取指形件
22 缺口
S 间隙，开口间隙

Claims (8)

1.一种机动车锁，具有：锁定装置、电气致动的驱动装置和翻转装置(9)，该锁定装置包括转动锁叉和至少一个锁定爪，其中，借助于锁定爪能锁止转动锁叉的转动运动；该驱动装置带有电机，利用该电机能将锁定爪从用于锁定装置的锁止位置转移到一释放位置中；其中，借助于所述翻转装置(9)能将接纳机动车锁的车辆部件(4)从关闭位置移动到打开位置中，其中，所述翻转装置(9)将车辆部件(4)保持在其打开位置中，使得能防止车辆部件(4)自行打开到越过打开位置，其特征在于，所述电机也形成用于翻转装置(9)的驱动器，翻转装置(9)具有翻转件(11，15，18)，其中，借助于翻转件(11，15，18)能将车辆部件(4)移动到打开位置中，所述翻转件(11，15，18)具有能从机动车锁向外移动的挺杆(14)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的机动车锁，其特征在于，所述翻转装置(9)被至少部分地内置到机动车锁中。
3.根据权利要求1所述的机动车锁，其特征在于，所述翻转件(11，15，18)与锁保持件(6)、锁保持销或锁保持架共同作用。
4.根据权利要求1所述的机动车锁，其特征在于，所述翻转件(11，15，18)与机动车元件(12)共同作用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的机动车锁，其特征在于，所述机动车元件(12)是门密封件。
6.根据权利要求3所述的机动车锁，其特征在于，所述翻转件(11，15，18)形锁合地和/或力锁合地与锁保持件(6)共同作用。
7.根据权利要求3所述的机动车锁，其特征在于，所述翻转件(11，15，18)借助于磁力与锁保持件(6)共同作用。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的机动车锁，其特征在于，所述车辆部件(4)是机动车门，机动车门能借助于翻转件(11，15，18)以这样的程度进入到打开位置中，使得能接合到位于机动车门与机动车车身(5)之间的开口间隙(S)中。
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EP3699379A1 (de) 2020-08-26
US20180106081A1 (en) 2018-04-19
EP3699379B1 (de) 2022-05-04
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EP3274529A1 (de) 2018-01-31
JP6747749B2 (ja) 2020-08-26
JP2018510984A (ja) 2018-04-19
WO2016155699A1 (de) 2016-10-06
DE112016001419A5 (de) 2018-02-22
DE102015003918A1 (de) 2016-09-29
CN107429528A (zh) 2017-12-01
US10975600B2 (en) 2021-04-13

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