CN107415364A - 一种C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料与金属混杂材料 - Google Patents

一种C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料与金属混杂材料 Download PDF

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CN107415364A
CN107415364A CN201710604383.7A CN201710604383A CN107415364A CN 107415364 A CN107415364 A CN 107415364A CN 201710604383 A CN201710604383 A CN 201710604383A CN 107415364 A CN107415364 A CN 107415364A
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metal
sic
layer
composites
ceramic matric
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陈照峰
汪洋
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Suzhou Superlong Aviation Heat Resistance Material Technology Co Ltd
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Suzhou Superlong Aviation Heat Resistance Material Technology Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/041—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
    • B32B9/007—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile comprising carbon, e.g. graphite, composite carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/302—Conductive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料与金属混杂材料，由C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料和金属壳层构成夹层结构，其特征在于一层C/SiC复合材料，一层金属层为一组交替循环，循环5‑10次，最外层均为C/SiC复合材料，其中在与金属薄板接触的C/SiC复合材料表面有一层沿陶瓷基体内部方向呈梯度分布的金属涂层。该材料集合陶瓷基复合材料与金属材料的优点，使得该材料强韧性显著提高，缺口敏感性大为降低，大大提高了材料的强度及韧性。

Description

一种C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料与金属混杂材料
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合材料，特别是涉及一种C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料与金属混杂材料。
背景技术
目前C/SiC复合材料能够耐高温抗氧化，其高温性能非常优异，在飞机发动机，刹车盘，结构受力件等领域具有广泛的应用，然而由于碳化硅陶瓷脆性大，易碎裂，大大限制了其使用范围。即使通过碳纤维增韧，其韧性可达到合金水平，但是由于碳化硅材料的缺口敏感性大，断裂的临界缺陷太低，大约为10-3mm个数量级，远远低于金属及其合金缺陷临界值（约1mm级）。而Mo、Nb、Ti等难熔金属强度高，韧性高，其断裂的临界缺陷远高于碳化硅陶瓷。采用金属背衬，能大大提高材料的韧性。另外难熔金属的导热系数非常高，且比热容较小，可以很快疏散热量，起到对外表降温的作用。但是金属再高温的抗蠕变性能差，易软化，故再加一层C/SiC复合材料作为支撑结构，将该结构多层叠加制备出C/SiC复合材料与金属薄板的叠层结构材料，使的该材料具备优异的力学性能，综合了传统纤维复合材料和金属材料的特点，弥补了单一复合材料和金属材料的不足，不但具有高比刚度和比强度，优良的疲劳性能以及损伤容限性能，将显著提高材料的强韧性，大大降低材料的缺口敏感性，使其成为航空航天飞行器结构所需材料的理想选择。
在公开（告）号为2747537Y的中国专利中公开了一种使用金属/陶瓷层状复合材料防护板，该方法为将铝、铁等金属层与陶瓷层在600℃～900℃下通过活性铸接工艺或火星金属钎焊工艺制备金属/陶瓷层状复合材料，由于金属层无陶瓷材料做背板支撑，金属材料在高温下会发生蠕变，强度较低，限制其在高温下的作用，且所制备的材料界面处极易出现缺陷，形成空洞。
文献“C/SiC复合材料与Nb合金的连接, 梁赤勇, 堵永国, 张为军. 宇航材料工艺, 2009” 介绍了C/SiC复合材料与Nb合金的连接。文献“SiC陶瓷与金属W的连接及工艺研究，魏倩倩. 武汉理工大学， 2012”介绍了SiC陶瓷与金属W的连接及工艺。以上文献所介绍的钎焊只适用小尺寸材料的链接，而像板材由于接触面积大，中心面积区域在焊接过程中结构难以控制，极易出现焊接缺陷，形成空洞。同时以上文献中并未有效解决陶瓷材料与金属材料热膨胀系数不匹配的问题，使得材料中存在较大残余应力。
发明内容
本发明的目的旨在克服现有技术的缺陷，提供了一种硬度高韧性好，能够耐高温抗氧化的C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料与金属混杂材料。
为实现本发明的目的所采用的技术方案是：一种C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料与金属混杂材料，由C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料和金属薄板的夹层结构组成，其特征在于一层C/SiC复合材料，一层金属薄板为一组交替循环，循环3-10次，最外层均为C/SiC复合材料，其中在与金属薄板接触的C/SiC复合材料表面有一层沿陶瓷基体内部方向呈梯度分布的金属涂层。所述的C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料在叠层中的单层厚度为5-30mm，所述的呈梯度分布的金属涂层是向陶瓷基体中渗入的金属Zr或Nb层，渗入涂层的全梯度厚度为1-50μm。所述的金属薄板厚度为0.1-5mm，为Mo、Nb或Ti金属及其合金材料中的一种。
本发明的有益效果：（1）该材料集合陶瓷基复合材料与金属材料的优点，使得材料强韧性显著提高，缺口敏感性大为降低，大大提高了材料的强度及韧性；（2）该材料中由于难熔金属的导热系数非常高，且比热容较小，可以很快疏散热量，起到对外表降温的作用；（3）由于在与金属层接触的C/SiC复合材料表面制备有一层金属涂层，使得复合材料层与金属层之间界面强结合，不易出现分层脱黏现象。
附图说明
图 1是一种C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料与金属混杂材料的截面图：
10为C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料；20为金属薄板； 30为金属涂层。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐明本发明，应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定。
实施例一
一种C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料与金属混杂材料，由C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料和金属薄板构成夹层结构，其特征在于一层C/SiC复合材料，一层金属薄板为一组交替循环，循环6次，最外层均为C/SiC复合材料，其中在与金属薄板接触的C/SiC复合材料表面制备有一层金属涂层。所述的C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料表面的金属涂层渗入到C/SiC内部，呈梯度分布，金属涂层为Zr金属涂层，厚度为15μm。所述的金属薄板为Mo金属，厚度为0.1mm。C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料每一层厚度为5mm。
实施例二
一种C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料与金属混杂材料，由C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料和金属薄板构成夹层结构，其特征在于一层C/SiC复合材料，一层金属薄板为一组交替循环，循环5次，最外层均为C/SiC复合材料，其中在与金属薄板接触的C/SiC复合材料表面制备有一层金属涂层。所述的C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料表面的金属涂层渗入到C/SiC内部，呈梯度分布，金属涂层为Nb金属涂层，厚度为30μm。所述的金属薄板为Nb金属，厚度为3mm。C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料每一层厚度为20mm。

Claims (2)

1.一种C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料与金属混杂材料，由C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料和金属薄板的夹层结构组成，其特征在于一层C/SiC复合材料，一层金属薄板为一组交替循环，循环3-10次，最外层均为C/SiC复合材料，其中在与金属薄板接触的C/SiC复合材料表面有一层沿陶瓷基体内部方向呈梯度分布的金属涂层，金属薄板厚度为0.1-5mm，为Mo、Nb、Ti金属及其合金材料中的任一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混杂材料，其特征在于所述的C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料在叠层中的单层厚度为5-30mm，所述的呈梯度分布的金属涂层是向陶瓷基体中渗入的金属Zr或Nb层，渗入涂层的全梯度厚度为1-50μm。
CN201710604383.7A 2017-07-24 2017-07-24 一种C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料与金属混杂材料 Pending CN107415364A (zh)

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Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1623770A (zh) * 2004-12-17 2005-06-08 清华大学 金属/陶瓷层状复合材料防护板
US20060006212A1 (en) * 2004-06-24 2006-01-12 Jacques Thebault Method of brazing composite material parts sealed with a silicon-based composition
CN101143397A (zh) * 2007-11-06 2008-03-19 北京有色金属研究总院 C/C、C/SiC复合材料与金属的连接方法

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060006212A1 (en) * 2004-06-24 2006-01-12 Jacques Thebault Method of brazing composite material parts sealed with a silicon-based composition
CN1623770A (zh) * 2004-12-17 2005-06-08 清华大学 金属/陶瓷层状复合材料防护板
CN101143397A (zh) * 2007-11-06 2008-03-19 北京有色金属研究总院 C/C、C/SiC复合材料与金属的连接方法

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Application publication date: 20171201