CN107407416A - 密封垫成型品及其制造方法 - Google Patents
密封垫成型品及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/10—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
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- B29C45/1418—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure
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- F16J15/00—Sealings
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- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
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- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/10—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
- F16J15/104—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing characterised by structure
- F16J15/106—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing characterised by structure homogeneous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/10—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/0276—Sealing means characterised by their form
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/0276—Sealing means characterised by their form
- H01M8/0278—O-rings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
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- B29C45/14336—Coating a portion of the article, e.g. the edge of the article
- B29C2045/14459—Coating a portion of the article, e.g. the edge of the article injecting seal elements
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Abstract
本发明的目的是提高纯橡胶型密封垫的操作性。为了实现上述目的,提供一种密封垫成型品,由纯橡胶型密封垫主体以及以非接合的状态保持密封垫主体的由树脂膜形成的膜载体组合而成。其特征在于,除了保持密封垫主体的密封垫保持部以外,膜载体还具有通过将密封垫主体临时固定在该膜载体上的表面处理而形成的临时固定部。密封垫主体具有临时固定在临时固定部的被临时固定部。在将膜载体与密封垫主体冲切加工成产品形状时,除去临时固定部与被临时固定部。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种关于密封技术的密封垫成型品及其制造方法。本发明的密封垫例如用作燃料电池用密封垫或者其他用途的一般密封垫。
背景技术
对于燃料电池用密封垫,存在由橡胶状弹性体(橡胶)制成的密封垫单件构成的纯橡胶型密封垫、将由橡胶状弹性体制造的密封垫与电池隔板一体成型的电池隔板一体密封垫、或者将橡胶状弹性体制成的密封垫与GDL(气体扩散层)一体成型的GDL一体密封垫等各种结构的密封垫。
虽然这些密封垫具有各自特征,但近年来由于强烈要求低成本化,因此能满足此要求的纯橡胶型密封垫备受关注。
纯橡胶型密封垫的构成如图8所示。
即,密封垫11整体成型为平面状(平板状),将燃料电池的反应面周围全部密封的外周密封部12被设置为框状。另外,由于需要将燃料电池的反应面与各歧管部进行隔离,因此内侧密封部13一体成型于外周密封部12的内侧。如图8所示,密封垫11的截面形状为截面圆形等形状。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2014-60133号公报(参照图1等中的密封垫3)
但该燃料电池用密封垫11在以下方面还进一步存在改进之处。
即,燃料电池用密封垫11通常将其平面状设定为外部尺寸约为400mm×300mm大小,而将其截面形状设定得较小。因此从模具中脱模时、运输时、堆叠时,密封垫11单体容易发生扭曲,由此其操作性(操控性)不佳。
发明内容
本发明鉴于以上问题,目的在于提高纯橡胶型密封垫的操作性。
为了达到上述目的,本发明的密封垫成型品由纯橡胶型密封垫主体以及以非接合状态保持所述密封垫主体的由树脂膜形成的膜载体组合而成,其特征在于,所述膜载体除了保持所述密封垫主体的密封垫保持部,还具有通过将所述密封垫主体临时固定在该膜载体的表面处理而形成的临时固定部,所述密封垫主体具有临时固定在所述临时固定部的被临时固定部(权利要求1)。
在具有上述结构的本发明中,密封垫成型品由纯橡胶型密封垫主体以及保持该密封垫主体的由树脂膜形成的膜载体组合而成,因为由膜载体保持密封垫主体,所以即便密封垫主体截面小且易扭曲,也难以发生扭曲,因此能够提高密封垫主体的操作性。由于密封垫主体由膜载体以非接合状态保持,因此虽然密封垫主体随时可以从膜载体拆卸,但如果密封垫主体完全不受膜载体的约束,模具开模时或者之后的脱模时,密封垫主体就有可能会从膜载体脱落。对此,在本发明中,采取以下的结构应对。
即,在由树脂膜形成的膜载体上,除了用于保持密封垫主体的密封垫保持部之外,还设置有通过用于将密封垫主体临时固定在该膜载体的表面处理而形成的临时固定部,另一方面,在密封垫主体上设置有临时固定在临时固定部的被临时固定部,使被临时固定部与临时固定部粘合。作为用于临时固定的表面处理,成型后的橡胶只要容易剥落即可,例如,可以考虑接合处理或表面改性(等离子处理、电晕放电处理)等。
因此基于该结构,密封垫主体被临时固定在膜载体上,因此可以防止在模具的开模时或之后的脱模时,密封垫主体从膜载体脱落。
另外,为了使密封垫主体不易从膜载体脱落,优选将设置在膜载体上的密封垫保持部设置为树脂膜在平面上的一部分沿着密封垫主体的外形形状发生变形的形状的立体部,由此,通过将密封垫主体的一部分容纳在该立体部中而在平面上定位,因此由膜载体能够牢固地保持密封垫主体(权利要求2)。
本发明中的密封垫主体例如用作燃料电池用密封垫。由于燃料电池具有较多的堆叠层数,因此要求密封垫主体的厚度较小,由于厚度小的密封垫主体容易发生扭曲,操作性不佳。因此在厚度小且易扭曲的燃料电池用密封垫领域中,将密封垫主体与树脂膜所形成的膜载体组合起来提高操作性,在实现堆叠作业效率化上是极其有效的(权利要求3)。
作为密封垫成型品的制造方法,依次执行:通过在制成膜载体的树脂膜在平面上的一部分实施表面处理设置临时固定部的工序;在将设置有临时固定部的树脂膜夹入模具的分割部的状态下,由模具将密封垫主体成型,此时,通过在成型材料填充压力下使树脂膜在平面上的一部分沿着模具型腔内面变形,从而在树脂膜成型出立体部,同时对密封垫主体一体成型出被临时固定部并使被临时固定部与临时固定部粘合的工序;密封垫主体成型后,开模,同时从模具中取出密封垫主体以及树脂膜的工序。虽然由树脂膜形成的膜载体最初为平面状(平的),但利用成型材料填充压力使一部分立体化,由于在立体化的部位中与密封垫主体尺寸匹配,因此保持力高(权利要求4)。树脂膜也可以由多个密封垫的膜连续形状的辊供给(权利要求5)。
根据本发明,将纯橡胶型密封垫主体与由树脂膜形成的膜载体组合,并且还通过表面处理设置临时固定结构,因此可以提高纯橡胶型密封垫的操作性。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明实施例中的密封垫成型品的图,(A)为其平面图,(B)为(A)中C-C线处的截面扩大图,(C)为(A)中D-D线处的截面扩大图;
图2(A)是表示该密封垫成型品中的膜载体单件状态的平面图,(B)为表示膜载体其他例的平面图;
图3是表示该密封垫成型品冲切加工后的状态图,(A)为其平面图,(B)为(A)中E-E线处的放大截面图,(C)为(A)中F-F线处的放大截面图;
图4是本发明实施例中的密封垫成型品的制造方法的工序说明图;
图5(A)与(B)分别为各自膜辊体的说明图;
图6是表示膜辊体的其他例的说明图;
图7是本发明的其他实施例中的密封垫成型品示意图,(A)为其主要部分截面图,(B)为其辊卷绕状态的说明图;
图8是表示现有例中的密封垫的图,(A)为其平面图,(B)为(A)中B-B线的放大截面图。
符号说明
11...密封垫
21...密封垫主体
22...外周密封部
23...内侧密封部
24...贯通部
25...被临时固定部
31...膜载体
31A...辊体
32...密封垫保持部
33...空间部
34...临时固定部
41...模具
42...上模
43...下模
44...分割部
45...型腔部
45a...密封垫成型用型腔部
45b...被临时固定部成型用型腔部
具体实施方式
本发明中包括下述实施方式。
(1)使用在成型温度和成型压力下可变形为模具形状的膜载体,将单个橡胶件成型。此时,在膜的一部分上实施表面处理提高粘合程度,从而防止模具脱模时从膜载体脱落和剥离,最后在冲切成产品供给形状时,通过将上述临时固定部除去,得到可以从膜载体脱模的带有膜载体的密封垫。
(2)由于成型后的产品始终在膜载体上,极大地提高了操作性。另外,通过控制密封垫自身从膜载体脱落和剥离,也容易研究生产线的自动化。另外,通过将膜载体闭模,也可以抑制分割线的毛刺。
(3)向成型模具供给经过事先实施表面处理的膜载体。此时的载体形状可以是切板状或卷筒状,只要可以事前进行表面处理则不进行限定。密封垫与膜载体为非接合的,设置用于防止模具脱模时脱落和剥离的临时固定部。临时固定部是在膜上部分地事前实施表面处理。临时固定部将在膜载体冲切为产品发货形状时被除去。在密封垫成型后所发生的每个工序(二次硫化,检查等),都是以膜载体为基础进行操作。
(4)使用在成型温度和成型压力下可变形为模具形状的膜载体,将单个橡胶件成型。膜载体为辊供给方式,从向成型机供给直到密封垫成型后的回收,通过辊进行,组装燃料电池堆等时也为辊供给方式。
作为成型时的事前处理,通过在膜的一部分上实施表面处理提高粘合程度,从而防止模具脱模时从膜载体脱落和剥离。另外,将临时固定部的橡胶设定为高于密封唇的高度,使辊卷绕时密封唇与膜载体的背面不接触。当向燃料电池堆等拼装时,通过冲切或半切去除临时固定部,从而可以自膜实现脱模。
(5)通过辊式供给产品,可以实现成型时生产线的自动化,并且也可实现燃料电池堆等的组装线的自动化,从而大幅降低了组装成本。另外,通过将膜载体闭模,也可以抑制分割线的毛刺。
实施例
下面,根据附图对本发明的实施例进行说明。
如图1所示,该实施例中的密封垫(密封垫成型品)11由纯橡胶型密封垫主体21以及由非接合的状态保持该密封垫主体21的树脂膜所形成的膜载体31组合而成。密封垫主体21用作燃料电池用密封垫。
密封垫主体21由规定的橡胶状弹性体(例如VMQ、PIB、EPDM、FKM等)成型为平面状(平板状),作为其构成单元一体地包括:用于将燃料电池的反应面周围全部密封的框状的外周密封部22;用于将燃料电池的反应面与各歧管部的隔离部密封的内侧密封部23。如图1(B)所示,密封垫主体21的截面形状为截面圆形。符号24表示在其厚度方向贯通密封垫主体21的贯通部(空间部)。密封垫主体21成型为矩形平面状,其平面的大小约为400mm(纵)×300mm(横)的外形,其厚度,即线径约为1mm。由于是将树脂膜进行热变形,为了能够使用廉价膜,橡胶材料也可以为低温成型材料。
对于密封垫主体21的截面形状不进行特别限定,除了截面圆形(正圆形、椭圆形或近似椭圆形)以外,可以是截面矩形、梯形、三角形、单侧唇形(在截面矩形的密封垫主体21的上面一体成型截面圆弧形(半圆形)或截面山形的密封唇所得到的)、或者双面唇形(在截面矩形的密封垫主体21的上下两面分别一体成型截面圆弧形(半圆形)或截面山形的密封唇所得到的)等。
膜载体31由规定的树脂膜成型为平面状(平板状),并且成型为比密封垫主体21大一圈的平面矩形形状。作为树脂膜,使用诸如厚度为200μm的聚丙烯膜,将其裁剪为上述大小的平面形状使用。树脂膜除了聚丙烯以外,也可以使用聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯等一般的树脂材料。对于膜厚度,虽然要取决于密封垫主体21的线径或截面形状,但优选为约50μm-300μm。作为膜材料,对于橡胶的成型温度具有耐热性(不熔化)以及可热变形为模具形状则不特别限定,但由于膜载体31为了运输和操作性的功能,能够选择廉价的膜更好,如上所述的聚丙烯或聚乙烯等是适合的。
膜载体31在其平面上的一部分上具有用于保持密封垫主体21的密封垫保持部32。该密封垫保持部32被设置为树脂膜在平面上的一部分沿着密封垫主体21的外形形状(密封垫主体21的截面形状的外轮廓)变形的立体形状,并且成型为与密封垫主体21具有同一平面形状,在该密封垫保持部32中以非接合的方式容纳密封垫主体21的一部分(厚度方向的一部分)。在该实施例中,如上所述,由于密封垫主体21的截面形状为截面圆形,与此相对应,密封垫保持部32的截面形状为截面圆弧形(半圆形),如此通过设置截面圆弧形的密封垫保持部32,从而在其背面所设置的槽状的空间部33中容纳密封垫主体21的厚度方向一侧的下半部分的部位。
由于密封垫主体21与膜载体31为非接合的,因此在堆叠时可以从膜载体31拆卸。然而如后面所述,在膜载体31插入将密封垫主体21成型的模具41中的状态下,将密封垫主体32成型时,如果所成型的密封垫主体21具有粘附性,基于此粘附性,密封垫主体21与膜载体32形成粘附状态。就粘附而言,可被夹持装置拆卸的程度地具有较小的粘附力。因此这时,尽管纯橡胶型的密封垫主体21与由树脂膜形成的膜载体31为非接合,但可剥离地粘附在一起。
此外,膜载体31还包括用于将密封垫主体21临时固定在该膜载体31上的临时固定部34。该临时固定部34通过在树脂膜平面上的一部分上实施接合处理或表面改性(等离子处理、电晕放电处理)等的表面处理,密封垫主体21的橡胶被设置得易于粘合(粘附)。在该实施例中,如图2(A)所示,临时固定部34作为带状物被分别设置在膜载体31的纵向侧部上,而如图2(B)所示也可被设置为点状物。
另外,如图1(A)与(C)所示,与在膜载体31上设置临时固定部34对应,密封垫主体21上设置有被临时固定在临时固定部34上的被临时固定部25,在该实施例中,多个被临时固定部25作为舌片状物被分别设置在密封垫主体21的纵向侧部。
在上述结构的密封垫11中,由于纯橡胶型的密封垫主体21被由树脂膜所形成的膜载体31所保持,密封垫11在运输等过程中,密封垫主体21不易产生扭曲,易于运输。另外,由于密封垫主体21与膜载体31为非接合的,以此堆叠时密封垫主体21可以容易地从膜载体31拆卸。因此提高了密封垫11的操作性。
另外,由于在膜载体31上设置立体形状的密封垫保持部32,并将密封垫主体21在厚度方向上的一部分容纳在该密封垫保持部32内,由此确定了密封垫主体21相对于膜载体31在平面上的位置。因此,密封垫11的运输过程中,密封垫主体21相对于膜载体31不会发生移位,所以通过膜载体31能够牢固地保持密封垫主体21。
另外,除了用于保持密封垫主体21的密封垫保持部32,在树脂膜所形成的膜载体31上,还设置有通过用于将密封垫主体21临时固定在该膜载体31上的表面处理所形成的临时固定部34,并且在密封垫主体21上设置有被临时固定在临时固定部34上的被临时固定部25,由于被临时固定部25被临时固定在临时固定部34上,因此,在模具开模时或者之后的脱模时,能够防止密封垫主体21从膜载体31脱落。
此外,由密封垫主体21和膜载体31组合而成的密封垫11在成型后(成型后发货前,或者发货后堆叠组装前),临时固定部34与被临时固定部25会被切除。在该实施例中,如上所述,在膜载体31的纵向侧部,由于临时固定部34分别被设置为带状,因此在图1(A)中G-G线所示的切断线处,切断要切除该临时固定部34的密封垫成型品11,由此成为图3(A)、(B)以及(C)所示的形状。因此,密封垫主体21形成为仅由密封垫保持部32保持的状态。
关于密封垫主体21的截面形状或其所对应的密封垫保持部32的截面形状,根据密封垫主体21的使用条件可以想到各种形状。
接下来,对上述密封垫主体11的制造方法进行说明。对于制造,使用将纯橡胶型的密封垫主体21注塑成型的模具。
作为工序,首先,准备膜载体31,通过在该膜载体31的平面上的一部分上实施表面处理,设置临时固定部34(例如参照图2(A))。如上所述,作为表面处理,实施接合处理或表面改性(等离子处理、电晕放电处理)等。
接着,如图4(A)所示,在将膜载体31夹入模具41的分割部44的状态下将模具41闭模。模具41具有上模(一侧分割模具)42与下模(另一侧分割模具)43的组合,在两个模具42、43的分割部44上分别对半设置有型腔部45。除了将密封垫主体21成型的密封垫成型用型腔部45a,在型腔部45上还设置了用于将舌片状的被临时固定部25成型的被临时固定部成型用型腔部45b。膜载体31由于整个表面最初为平面状,所以形成横穿型腔部45内部的状态。
接着,如图4(B)所示,向型腔部45填充用于将密封垫主体21成型的成型材料(橡胶材料),经过加热加压等处理,将密封垫主体21与被临时固定部25一起成型。在向型腔部45填充成型材料时,由于成型材料填充压力,膜载体31在平面上的一部分向型腔45的内面压靠,变形(塑性变形)为沿型腔45内面的形状,由此形成立体形状的密封垫保持部32。另外,由于被临时固定部25与临时固定部34粘合,从而密封垫主体21被临时固定在膜载体31上。
然后,如图4(C)所示,密封垫主体21成型后进行开模,如图4(D)所示,将密封垫主体21以及膜载体31同时从模具41中取出,结束密封垫成型品11的制造工序。
另外,如图5(A)所示,当向模具41供给膜载体31时,考虑准备树脂膜的辊体31A,该辊体31A将膜载体31连续成型为排成一列的多个密封垫,由该辊体31A向模具41连续供给膜载体31。可以在辊体31A中预先设置临时固定部34,也可以如图5(B)所示就在辊体31A的原状下,将密封垫主体21成型在膜载体31的平面上。另外,如果被临时固定部25设置在呈矩形平面状的密封垫主体21的纵向侧边时,密封垫主体21相对于辊体31A的方向虽然为图5(B)所示方向,但如果被临时固定部25设置在呈矩形平面状的密封垫主体21的横向侧边时,密封垫主体21相对于辊体31A的方向为如图6所示的方向,如果为前者则根据密封垫主体21的横向宽度来确定辊体31A的宽度尺寸,如果为后者则根据密封垫主体21的纵向宽度来确定辊体31A的宽度尺寸。
膜载体31为如上所述的辊供给方式,通过辊实施从向模具41供给直到密封垫主体21成型后的回收,在燃料电池堆等的组装等时也可以是辊供给方式。另外在这种情况下,因为在膜载体31的平面上将密封垫主体21成型后再次将膜载体31卷绕成辊状,因此如图7(A)所示,将被临时固定部25的高度尺寸h1设定得比密封垫主体21的高度尺寸(从膜载体31平面开始的高度尺寸)h2大,由此如图7(B)所示,当再次卷绕成辊状时,如果使密封垫主体21不与卷绕在其外周侧的膜载体31的背面相接触,则密封垫主体21由于卷绕力能够防止压扁变形等问题。此时被临时固定部25不仅起到临时固定的作用,还起到卷绕层叠方向(辊体31A的径向)上的隔离物的作用。
Claims (5)
1.一种密封垫成型品,所述密封垫成型品由纯橡胶型密封垫主体以及以非接合状态保持所述密封垫主体的由树脂膜形成的膜载体组合而成,其特征在于,
除了保持所述密封垫主体的密封垫保持部以外,所述膜载体还具有通过将所述密封垫主体临时固定在该膜载体上的表面处理而形成的临时固定部,
所述密封垫主体具有临时固定在所述临时固定部的被临时固定部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的密封垫成型品,其特征在于,
所述密封垫保持部设置为所述树脂膜在平面上的一部分沿着所述密封垫主体的外形形状发生变形的形状的立体部。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的密封垫成型品,其特征在于,
所述密封垫主体用作装入燃料电池堆中的燃料电池用密封垫。
4.一种权利要求1至3中任一项所述的密封垫成型品的制造方法,其特征在于,依次执行:
通过在制成膜载体的树脂膜在平面上的一部分实施表面处理,设置临时固定部的工序;
在将设置有所述临时固定部的所述树脂膜夹入模具的分割部的状态下,由所述模具将密封垫主体成型,此时,通过在成型材料填充压力下使所述树脂膜在平面上的一部分沿着模具型腔内面变形,从而在所述树脂膜形成立体部,同时在所述密封垫主体上一体成型被临时固定部,并使所述被临时固定部与所述临时固定部粘合的工序;
在所述密封垫主体成型后,开模,然后从所述模具中同时取出所述密封垫主体和所述树脂膜的工序。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制造方法,其特征在于,
通过辊供给所述树脂膜和所述膜载体。
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EP3287673A1 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
JP6368428B2 (ja) | 2018-08-01 |
CA2983693C (en) | 2023-03-28 |
KR102493194B1 (ko) | 2023-01-27 |
EP3287673B1 (en) | 2021-05-05 |
US20180104872A1 (en) | 2018-04-19 |
CN107407416B (zh) | 2019-08-06 |
KR20170140244A (ko) | 2017-12-20 |
WO2016170914A1 (ja) | 2016-10-27 |
US10513066B2 (en) | 2019-12-24 |
CA2983693A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 |
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JPWO2016170914A1 (ja) | 2017-12-28 |
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