CN107407225B - 诊断装置和诊断系统 - Google Patents

诊断装置和诊断系统 Download PDF

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CN107407225B
CN107407225B CN201680011982.1A CN201680011982A CN107407225B CN 107407225 B CN107407225 B CN 107407225B CN 201680011982 A CN201680011982 A CN 201680011982A CN 107407225 B CN107407225 B CN 107407225B
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diagnosis
sensor
deviation amount
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internal combustion
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CN107407225A (zh
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长谷川贤
高桥弘隆
岭泽正信
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
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Abstract

被设置在车辆的内燃机(10)的排气通道(11)中并对排气中的氮化物进行检测的传感器(100)的诊断装置，包括：偏离诊断部(42)，其在内燃机(10)使燃料喷射停止的车辆减速中，基于传感器(100)的传感器值来诊断传感器值从零点的偏离量；以及诊断禁止处理部(44)，若在由偏离诊断部(42)进行的偏离量诊断中内燃机(10)的排气流量急增，则禁止偏离量的诊断。

Description

诊断装置和诊断系统
技术领域
本发明涉及诊断装置和诊断系统，特别涉及对从内燃机排出的排气气体中的氮化物(以下，称为NOx)进行检测的NOx传感器的诊断装置和诊断系统。
背景技术
以往，作为这种诊断装置，已知在车辆的减速时等因引擎燃料喷射停止而排气气体中含有的NOx浓度为大致0(零)的状态下，进行诊断传感器值从零点的偏离量的偏离诊断的诊断装置(例如，参照专利文献1)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2009-216042号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
需要说明的是，在卡车等大型车辆中，已知搭载有排气制动装置作为常用制动器的辅助制动器的大型车辆，该排气制动装置在车辆的减速时通过用排气制动阀闭塞排气流路以提高排气阻力，从而得到制动力。若这样的排气制动装置被从工作状态(开启)切换到非工作状态(关闭)，则排气流量因排气制动阀的开阀而急剧增加。
若变成这样的排气流量急剧增加的状态，则有的情况下NOx传感器的内部处理会产生延迟，传感器值会比实际的NOx值暂时急上升而表示异常值。若在这样的状态下进行上述的偏离诊断，则存在引起将异常值识别为从零点的偏离量的误诊断的问题。
本公开的诊断装置、诊断系统的目的在于有效地防止在排气流量急增时引起的偏离诊断的误诊断。
用于解决课题的手段
本公开的诊断装置是被设置在车辆的内燃机的排气通道中并对排气中的氮化物进行检测的传感器的诊断装置，包括：偏离诊断部，其在上述内燃机使燃料喷射停止的上述车辆的减速中，基于上述传感器的传感器值来诊断该传感器值从零点的偏离量；以及诊断禁止部，若在由上述偏离诊断部进行的偏离量的诊断中上述内燃机的排气流量急增，则禁止上述偏离量的诊断。
优选的是，若排气制动装置从工作切换到非工作，则上述诊断禁止部禁止上述偏离量的诊断。
优选的是，若上述排气制动装置从工作切换到非工作，则上述诊断禁止部在从向该非工作切换后到经过预定时间为止的期间，禁止上述偏离量的诊断。
此外，本公开的诊断系统是包括被设置在车辆的内燃机的排气通道中并对排气中的氮化物进行检测的传感器、以及控制单元的诊断系统，上述控制单元进行动作以便执行以下的处理：偏离诊断处理，在上述内燃机使燃料喷射停止的上述车辆的减速中，基于上述传感器的传感器值来诊断该传感器值从零点的偏离量；以及诊断禁止处理，在由上述偏离诊断处理进行的偏离量的诊断中，若上述内燃机的排气流量急增，则禁止上述偏离量的诊断。
优选的是，在上述诊断禁止处理中，若排气制动装置从工作切换到非工作，则上述控制单元禁止上述偏离量的诊断。
优选的是，在上述诊断禁止处理中，若上述排气制动装置从工作切换到非工作，则上述控制单元在向该非工作切换后到经过预定时间为止的期间，禁止上述偏离量的诊断。
发明效果
根据本公开的诊断装置和诊断系统，能够有效地防止在排气流量急增时引起的偏离诊断的误诊断。
附图说明
图1是表示应用了本实施方式的诊断装置的柴油引擎的排气系统的一个例子的概略结构图。
图2是表示本实施方式的控制单元的功能框图。
图3A是说明本实施方式的传感器故障诊断的时间图。
图3B是说明本实施方式的传感器故障诊断的时间图。
图4是说明本实施方式的诊断禁止处理的流程图。
具体实施方式
以下基于附图说明本发明的一实施方式的诊断装置。对于相同的零件标注相同的附图标记，它们的名称及功能也相同。因而，不重复对于它们的详细的说明。
图1是表示应用了本实施方式的诊断装置的柴油引擎(以下，简称为引擎)10的排气系统的一个例子的概略结构图。在排气通道11中，从排气上游侧起依次设置有构成排气制动装置的一部分的排气制动阀12、氧化催化剂13、颗粒过滤器14、尿素添加阀15、选择性还原催化剂(以下，称为SCR(Selective Catalytic Reduction)催化剂)16等。本实施方式的NOx传感器100被设置在比排气制动阀12靠下游侧的排气通道11中的比SCR催化剂16靠上游侧及下游侧的至少一侧。另外，在图1中，附图标记40表示控制单元，附图标记17表示油门开度传感器，附图标记18表示尿素水罐，附图标记19表示尿素水泵，附图标记20表示被设置在未图示的驾驶室中的排气制动开关。
控制单元40被构成为包括公知的CPU、ROM、RAM、输入接口、输出接口等。在本实施方式中，如图2所示，控制单元40作为一部分的功能要素包括传感器异常诊断部41、偏离诊断部42、系统异常诊断部43、以及诊断禁止处理部44。这些各功能要素在本实施方式中视为被包含在一体的硬件即控制单元40中来进行说明，但是，也能够将这些功能要素的任何一部分设置在相互独立的硬件中。
传感器异常诊断部41基于NOx传感器100的传感器值SNOx来诊断NOx传感器100是否发生了异常。更详细而言，在NOx传感器100的传感器值SNOx一瞬间输出了与实际的NOx浓度不同的异常值时，在其峰值SPEAK超过预定的阈值的情况下(参照图3A)，判定为NOx传感器100发生了异常。另一方面，如果峰值SPEAK是预定的阈值以下(参照图3B)，判定为NOx传感器100正常。
偏离诊断部42在车辆减速时等引擎10停止燃料喷射而排气气体中的NOx值成为大致零的状态下，实施对NOx传感器100的传感器值SNOx相对于零点的偏离量进行诊断的偏离诊断。基于油门开度传感器17的传感器值来检测引擎10是否已停止了燃料喷射即可。
系统异常诊断部43实施系统异常诊断，在该系统异常诊断中，基于NOx传感器100的传感器值SNOx来检测SCR催化剂16的NOx净化性能的大幅降低、或尿素添加阀15的故障等。
诊断禁止处理部44在由传感器异常诊断部41判定为NOx传感器100发生了异常的情况下，禁止系统异常诊断部43进行系统异常诊断。此外，诊断禁止处理部44即使在由传感器异常诊断部41判定为NOx传感器100正常的情况下，也在从排气制动装置从工作状态(开动)切换到非工作状态(关闭)时起经过预定时间为止的期间中，禁止偏离诊断部42进行偏离诊断。
更详细而言，被构成为：在排气流量由于排气制动装置从开启向关闭的切换而急剧增加且NOx传感器100的传感器值SNOx一瞬间输出了异常值的情况下，如果其峰值SPEAK是阈值以下，则在直到传感器值SNOx稳定为止的预定时间(例如约4～5秒)，禁止偏离诊断。由此，有效地防止在车辆的减速中的排气制动使用时引起的偏离诊断的误诊断。
接下来，基于图4的流程图说明本实施方式的诊断禁止处理的细节。在由于车辆的减速(引擎10的燃料喷射停止)而实施NOx传感器100的偏离诊断，并且排气制动装置变成开启时，开始该诊断禁止处理。
在步骤S100中，判定排气制动装置是否被关闭。在排气制动被关闭的情况下(是)，进入步骤S110。
在步骤S110中，实施诊断NOx传感器100是否发生了异常的传感器诊断。在传感器值SNOx的峰值SPEAK超过阈值的情况下，进入步骤S160，判定为NOx传感器100发生了异常。进一步，进入步骤S170，禁止使用了NOx传感器100的系统异常诊断，本控制被返回。
在步骤S110中，在传感器值SNOx的峰值SPEAK为阈值以下的情况下，即，如果NOx传感器100正常，则进入步骤S120，禁止NOx传感器100的偏离诊断。
在步骤S130中，判定从偏离诊断的禁止起是否经过了预定时间。即，在直到经过预定时间为止偏离诊断被保持为禁止状态。
在步骤S140中，判定车辆是否依然处于减速中(燃料喷射停止中)。如果车辆是减速中，则进入步骤S150，重新进行NOx传感器100的偏离诊断。另一方面，如果由于车辆加速等而开始了引擎10的燃料喷射，则不重新进行偏离诊断，本控制被返回。
如以上详细记述，根据本实施方式的诊断装置，通过在NOx传感器100输出异常值的从排气制动的开启到关闭的切换时，在预定期间禁止NOx传感器100的偏离诊断的实施，从而能够可靠地防止将传感器异常值识别为从零点的偏离量的误诊断。
另外，本发明不限定于上述的实施方式，能够在不脱离本发明的主旨的范围内适当变形而实施。
例如，偏离诊断的禁止期间不限定于从排气制动装置的开启向关闭的切换，只要是在车辆的减速中排气流量急增的状况即可。此外，引擎10不限定于柴油引擎，也能够广泛应用于汽油引擎等其他内燃机。
本申请基于在2015年02月27日申请的日本专利申请(特愿2015-038864)，将其内容作为参照援引于此。
工业实用性
根据本发明的诊断装置和诊断系统，能够有效地防止在排气流量急增时引起的偏离诊断的误诊断。
附图标记说明
10 引擎
11 排气通道
12 排气制动阀
13 氧化催化剂
14 颗粒过滤器
15 尿素添加阀
16 SCR催化剂
17 油门开度传感器
18 尿素水罐
19 尿素水泵
20 排气制动开关
40 控制单元
100 NOx传感器

Claims (6)

1.一种诊断装置，是被设置在车辆的内燃机的排气通道中并对排气中的氮化物进行检测的传感器的诊断装置；其中，包括：
偏离诊断部，其在上述内燃机使燃料喷射停止的上述车辆的减速中，基于上述传感器的传感器值来诊断该传感器值从零点的偏离量，以及
诊断禁止部，若在由上述偏离诊断部进行的偏离量的诊断中上述内燃机的排气流量急增，则禁止上述偏离量的诊断；
若排气制动装置从工作切换到非工作，则上述诊断禁止部禁止上述偏离量的诊断。
2.如权利要求1所述的诊断装置，其中，
若上述排气制动装置从工作切换到非工作，则上述诊断禁止部在从向该非工作切换后到经过预定时间为止的期间，禁止上述偏离量的诊断。
3.如权利要求1所述的诊断装置，其中，
在上述传感器值的峰值超过预定的阈值的情况下，上述诊断禁止部禁止上述偏离量的诊断。
4.一种诊断系统，其包括：
传感器，其被设置在车辆的内燃机的排气通道中并检测排气中的氮化物，以及
控制单元；其中，
上述控制单元进行动作，以便执行以下的处理：
偏离诊断处理，在上述内燃机使燃料喷射停止的上述车辆的减速中，基于上述传感器的传感器值来诊断该传感器值从零点的偏离量，以及
诊断禁止处理，若在由上述偏离诊断处理进行的偏离量的诊断中上述内燃机的排气流量急增，则禁止上述偏离量的诊断；
在上述诊断禁止处理中，若排气制动装置从工作切换到非工作，则上述控制单元禁止上述偏离量的诊断。
5.如权利要求4所述的诊断系统，其中，
在上述诊断禁止处理中，若上述排气制动装置从工作切换到非工作，则上述控制单元在从向该非工作的切换后到经过预定时间为止的期间，禁止上述偏离量的诊断。
6.如权利要求4所述的诊断系统，其中，
在上述诊断禁止处理中，在上述传感器值的峰值超过预定的阈值的情况下，上述控制单元禁止上述偏离量的诊断。
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