CN107384549A - 压铸机用耐低温润滑油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

压铸机用耐低温润滑油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107384549A
CN107384549A CN201710639721.0A CN201710639721A CN107384549A CN 107384549 A CN107384549 A CN 107384549A CN 201710639721 A CN201710639721 A CN 201710639721A CN 107384549 A CN107384549 A CN 107384549A
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lubricating oil
parts
graphite
oil
zeolite
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冯正伟
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Anhui Deli Auto Parts Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及润滑油技术领域，具体涉及一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油及其制备方法；润滑油的原料按重量份数配比如下：基础油、十二烷基酸性亚磷酸酯、石墨、乙醚、硬脂酸、甲基硅油、聚氧乙烯、沸石、抗磨剂、纳米二氧化钛、乙丙共聚物、二甲基亚砜、分散剂、消泡剂和抗氧化剂；本发明采用硬脂酸、石墨和沸石为原料，通过硬脂酸对沸石和石墨进行包覆，使得石墨和沸石的疏水性能更强，而由于沸石和硬脂酸包覆的沸石和石墨能更加均匀的分散在润滑油中，增强润滑油的润滑效果，另外，石墨晶体呈鳞片状摩擦系数较小，润滑性能越好，而石墨与抗磨剂混合使用不仅增强了润滑油的润滑性能，也增强了润滑油的耐磨性能和防腐蚀性能。

Description

压铸机用耐低温润滑油及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑油技术领域，具体涉及一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油及其制备方法。
背景技术
润滑油基础油主要分矿物基础油、合成基础油以及生物基础油三大类。矿物基础油应用广泛，用量很大(约95％以上)，但有些应用场合则必须使用合成基础油和生物油基础油调配的产品，因而使这两种基础油得到迅速发展。矿油基础油由原油提炼而成。润滑油基础油主要生产过程有：常减压蒸馏、溶剂脱沥青、溶剂精制、溶剂脱蜡、白土或加氢补充精制。1995年修订了中国现行的润滑油基础油标准，主要修改了分类方法，并增加了低凝和深度精制两类专用基础油标准。矿物型润滑油的生产，最重要的是选用最佳的原油。矿物基础油的化学成分包括高沸点、高分子量烃类和非烃类混合物。其组成一般为烷烃(直链、支链、多支链)、环烷烃(单环、双环、多环)、芳烃(单环芳烃、多环芳烃)、环烷基芳烃以及含氧、含氮、含硫有机化合物和胶质、沥青质等非烃类化合物。生物基础油(植物油)正越来越受欢迎，它可以生物降解而迅速的降低环境污染。合成润滑油具有低温性能优异，润滑性能好和使用寿命长等特点,可适用于高负荷、高转速、高真空、高能辐射和强氧化介质等环境。由于当今世界上所有的工业企业都在寻求减少对环境污染的措施，而这种”天然”润滑油正拥有这个特点，虽然植物油成本高，但所增加的费用足以抵消使用其它矿物油、合成润滑油所带来的环境治理费用。根据原油的性质和加工工艺分类。
但是现在市售的润滑油存在难降解、流变性能差、抗氧化能力差、使用寿命短和防腐性能差的缺点。
发明内容
针对上述存在的问题，本发明制备的一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，具有易降解、流变性能好、抗氧化能力强、使用寿命长和防腐性能好的优点。
为了达到上述的目的，本发明采用以下的技术方案：
一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，所述润滑油的原料按重量份数配比如下：基础油85-90份、十二烷基酸性亚磷酸酯76-85份、石墨68-76 份、乙醚63-69份、硬脂酸55-62份、甲基硅油50-58份、聚氧乙烯 46-53份、沸石41-48份、抗磨剂37-44份、纳米二氧化钛31-39份、乙丙共聚物26-34份、二甲基亚砜21-27份、分散剂16-24份、消泡剂11-18份和抗氧化剂7-15份。
优选的，一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，所述润滑油制备方法包括以下步骤：
a、将基础油、十二烷基酸性亚磷酸酯、甲基硅油和聚氧乙烯混合搅拌30-40min，然后转入反应釜中，升温至40-52℃，保温放置 13-20min，静置后得到混合组分A；
b、将硬脂酸溶解在乙醚中，不断搅拌，得混合溶液B；
c、将石墨和沸石进行粉碎、研磨，然后将研磨后的石墨和沸石浸泡在混合溶液B中并搅拌35-48min，得混合组分C；
d、将抗磨剂、纳米二氧化钛、乙丙共聚物、二甲基亚砜、分散剂、消泡剂和抗氧化剂加入混合组分A中，搅拌并静置40-55min；然后将混合溶液B和混合组分C加入其中，并以250-320r/min的速度搅拌8-15min，静置130-160min后，得润滑油。
优选的，所述基础油由菜籽油和棕榈油按照质量比3：2混合而成。
优选的，所述分散剂选用六偏磷酸钠。
优选的，所述消泡剂选用聚氧丙烯氧化乙烯甘油醚。
优选的，所述抗氧化剂选用季戊四醇双亚磷酸酯。
优选的，所述抗磨剂由甲基丙烯酸酯和硫化脂肪酸酯按照质量比 2：1混合制成。
优选的，所述步骤b中的搅拌速度为183r/min。
采用上述的技术方案，本发明达到的有益效果是：
本发明采用硬脂酸、石墨和沸石为原料，通过硬脂酸对沸石和石墨进行包覆，使得石墨和沸石的疏水性能更强，而由于沸石和硬脂酸包覆的沸石和石墨能更加均匀的分散在润滑油中，增强润滑油的润滑效果。另外，石墨晶体呈鳞片状摩擦系数较小，润滑性能越好，而石墨与抗磨剂混合使用不仅增强了润滑油的润滑性能，也增强了润滑油的耐磨性能和防腐蚀性能。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1：
一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，所述润滑油的原料按重量份数配比如下：基础油85份、十二烷基酸性亚磷酸酯80份、石墨68份、乙醚66份、硬脂酸55份、甲基硅油54份、聚氧乙烯46份、沸石44 份、抗磨剂37份、纳米二氧化钛35份、乙丙共聚物26份、二甲基亚砜23份、分散剂16份、消泡剂11份和抗氧化剂10份。
一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，所述润滑油制备方法包括以下步骤：
a、将基础油、十二烷基酸性亚磷酸酯、甲基硅油和聚氧乙烯混合搅拌30min，然后转入反应釜中，升温至40℃，保温放置13min，静置后得到混合组分A；
b、将硬脂酸溶解在乙醚中，不断搅拌，得混合溶液B；
c、将石墨和沸石进行粉碎、研磨，然后将研磨后的石墨和沸石浸泡在混合溶液B中并搅拌35min，得混合组分C；
d、将抗磨剂、纳米二氧化钛、乙丙共聚物、二甲基亚砜、分散剂、消泡剂和抗氧化剂加入混合组分A中，搅拌并静置40min；然后将混合溶液B和混合组分C加入其中，并以250r/min的速度搅拌 8min，静置130min后，得润滑油。
实施例1所得的实验数据为：倾点为-53℃、摩擦系数为0.105、100℃运动粘度增加42.3％。
实施例2：
一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，所述润滑油的原料按重量份数配比如下：基础油87份、十二烷基酸性亚磷酸酯76份、石墨70份、乙醚63份、硬脂酸58份、甲基硅油50份、聚氧乙烯48份、沸石41 份、抗磨剂39份、纳米二氧化钛31份、乙丙共聚物29份、二甲基亚砜21份、分散剂19份、消泡剂13份和抗氧化剂7份。
一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，所述润滑油制备方法包括以下步骤：
a、将基础油、十二烷基酸性亚磷酸酯、甲基硅油和聚氧乙烯混合搅拌34min，然后转入反应釜中，升温至46℃，保温放置15min，静置后得到混合组分A；
b、将硬脂酸溶解在乙醚中，不断搅拌，得混合溶液B；
c、将石墨和沸石进行粉碎、研磨，然后将研磨后的石墨和沸石浸泡在混合溶液B中并搅拌40min，得混合组分C；
d、将抗磨剂、纳米二氧化钛、乙丙共聚物、二甲基亚砜、分散剂、消泡剂和抗氧化剂加入混合组分A中，搅拌并静置45min；然后将混合溶液B和混合组分C加入其中，并以284r/min的速度搅拌10min，静置140min后，得润滑油。
实施例2所得的实验数据为：倾点为-49℃、摩擦系数为0.101、 100℃运动粘度增加39.8％。
实施例3：
一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，所述润滑油的原料按重量份数配比如下：基础油89份、十二烷基酸性亚磷酸酯85份、石墨73份、乙醚69份、硬脂酸60份、甲基硅油58份、聚氧乙烯50份、沸石48 份、抗磨剂41份、纳米二氧化钛39份、乙丙共聚物32份、二甲基亚砜27份、分散剂22份、消泡剂16份和抗氧化剂15份。
一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，所述润滑油制备方法包括以下步骤：
a、将基础油、十二烷基酸性亚磷酸酯、甲基硅油和聚氧乙烯混合搅拌38min，然后转入反应釜中，升温至49℃，保温放置18min，静置后得到混合组分A；
b、将硬脂酸溶解在乙醚中，不断搅拌，得混合溶液B；
c、将石墨和沸石进行粉碎、研磨，然后将研磨后的石墨和沸石浸泡在混合溶液B中并搅拌43min，得混合组分C；
d、将抗磨剂、纳米二氧化钛、乙丙共聚物、二甲基亚砜、分散剂、消泡剂和抗氧化剂加入混合组分A中，搅拌并静置51min；然后将混合溶液B和混合组分C加入其中，并以305r/min的速度搅拌 13min，静置150min后，得润滑油。
实施例3所得的实验数据为：倾点为-51℃、摩擦系数为0.097、 100℃运动粘度增加37.9％。
实施例4：
一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，所述润滑油的原料按重量份数配比如下：基础油90份、十二烷基酸性亚磷酸酯82份、石墨76份、乙醚68份、硬脂酸62份、甲基硅油56份、聚氧乙烯53份、沸石46 份、抗磨剂44份、纳米二氧化钛37份、乙丙共聚物34份、二甲基亚砜25份、分散剂24份、消泡剂18份和抗氧化剂12份。
一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，所述润滑油制备方法包括以下步骤：
a、将基础油、十二烷基酸性亚磷酸酯、甲基硅油和聚氧乙烯混合搅拌40min，然后转入反应釜中，升温至52℃，保温放置20min，静置后得到混合组分A；
b、将硬脂酸溶解在乙醚中，不断搅拌，得混合溶液B；
c、将石墨和沸石进行粉碎、研磨，然后将研磨后的石墨和沸石浸泡在混合溶液B中并搅拌48min，得混合组分C；
d、将抗磨剂、纳米二氧化钛、乙丙共聚物、二甲基亚砜、分散剂、消泡剂和抗氧化剂加入混合组分A中，搅拌并静置55min；然后将混合溶液B和混合组分C加入其中，并以320r/min的速度搅拌 15min，静置160min后，得润滑油。
实施例4所得的实验数据为：倾点为-51℃、摩擦系数为0.093、 100℃运动粘度增加41.2％。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，其特征在于，所述润滑油的原料按重量份数配比如下：基础油85-90份、十二烷基酸性亚磷酸酯76-85份、石墨68-76份、乙醚63-69份、硬脂酸55-62份、甲基硅油50-58份、聚氧乙烯46-53份、沸石41-48份、抗磨剂37-44份、纳米二氧化钛31-39份、乙丙共聚物26-34份、二甲基亚砜21-27份、分散剂16-24份、消泡剂11-18份和抗氧化剂7-15份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，其特征在于，所述润滑油制备方法包括以下步骤：
a、将基础油、十二烷基酸性亚磷酸酯、甲基硅油和聚氧乙烯混合搅拌30-40min，然后转入反应釜中，升温至40-52℃，保温放置13-20min，静置后得到混合组分A；
b、将硬脂酸溶解在乙醚中，不断搅拌，得混合溶液B；
c、将石墨和沸石进行粉碎、研磨，然后将研磨后的石墨和沸石浸泡在混合溶液B中并搅拌35-48min，得混合组分C；
d、将抗磨剂、纳米二氧化钛、乙丙共聚物、二甲基亚砜、分散剂、消泡剂和抗氧化剂加入混合组分A中，搅拌并静置40-55min；然后将混合溶液B和混合组分C加入其中，并以250-320r/min的速度搅拌8-15min，静置130-160min后，得润滑油。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，其特征在于：所述基础油由菜籽油和棕榈油按照质量比3：2混合而成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，其特征在于：所述分散剂选用六偏磷酸钠。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，其特征在于：所述消泡剂选用聚氧丙烯氧化乙烯甘油醚。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，其特征在于：所述抗氧化剂选用季戊四醇双亚磷酸酯。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油，其特征在于：所述抗磨剂由甲基丙烯酸酯和硫化脂肪酸酯按照质量比2：1混合制成。
8.根据权利要求2所述的一种压铸机用耐低温润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤b中的搅拌速度为183r/min。
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