CN106544101A - 一种耐磨润滑油的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐磨润滑油的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106544101A
CN106544101A CN201610929089.9A CN201610929089A CN106544101A CN 106544101 A CN106544101 A CN 106544101A CN 201610929089 A CN201610929089 A CN 201610929089A CN 106544101 A CN106544101 A CN 106544101A
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杨阳
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Suzhou Yuxi New Material Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐磨润滑油的制备方法，具体步骤为：1）称取基础油、单硬脂酸甘油酯、硅烷偶联剂、硫化脂肪酸酯、醋酸锌、氯化钠、硫代乙酰胺、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、聚乙二醇、纳米硫化锌、纳米二硫化钼、十二烷基磷酸单酯和石油醚；2）将基础油投入设有搅拌器和温度计的反应釜中，升温至100‑140℃，加入硅烷偶联剂、硫化脂肪酸酯、醋酸锌、氯化钠、硫代乙酰胺和二烷基二硫代磷酸锌，搅拌1‑3h，搅拌速度为150‑350转/分钟；3）加入剩余原料，恒温混合1‑2h，降温至50‑60℃，搅拌至均匀透明即可。本发明制得的耐磨润滑油对环境友好，无毒，可以生物降解；流变性能好，粘度高；抗氧化能力强，使用寿命长；防锈，防腐性能好。

Description

一种耐磨润滑油的制备方法
技术领域
本申请属于润滑油材料领域，尤其涉及一种耐磨润滑油的制备方法。
背景技术
润滑油是用在各种类型汽车、机械设备上以减少摩擦，保护机械及加工件的液体或半固体润滑剂，主要起润滑、辅助冷却、防锈、清洁、密封和缓冲等作用。只要是应用于两个相对运动的物体之间，而可以减少两物体因接触而产生的磨擦与磨损之功能，即为润滑油。
润滑油、润滑脂统而言之，为润滑剂之一种。而所谓润滑剂，简单地说，就是介于两个相对运动的物体之间，具有减少两个物体因接触而产生摩擦的功能者。润滑油是一种技术密集型产品，是复杂的碳氢化合物的混合物，而其真正使用性能又是复杂的物理或化学变化过程的综合效应。润滑油的基本性能包括一般理化性能、特殊理化性能和模拟台架试验。每一类润滑油脂都有其共同的一般理化性能，以表明该产品的内在质量。
润滑油一般由基础油和添加剂两部分组成。基础油是润滑油的主要成分，决定着润滑油的基本性质，添加剂则可弥补和改善基础油性能方面的不足，赋予某些新的性能，是润滑油的重要组成部分。
矿油基础油由原油提炼而成。润滑油基础油主要生产过程有：常减压蒸馏、溶剂脱沥青、溶剂精制、溶剂脱蜡、白土或加氢补充精制。1995年修订了中国现行的润滑油基础油标准，主要修改了分类方法，并增加了低凝和深度精制两类专用基础油标准。矿物型润滑油的生产，最重要的是选用最佳的原油。
矿物基础油的化学成分包括高沸点、高分子量烃类和非烃类混合物。其组成一般为烷烃（直链、支链、多支链）、环烷烃（单环、双环、多环）、芳烃（单环芳烃、多环芳烃）、环烷基芳烃以及含氧、含氮、含硫有机化合物和胶质、沥青质等非烃类化合物。生物基础油（植物油）正越来越受欢迎，它可以生物降解而迅速的降低环境污染。合成润滑油具有低温性能优异，润滑性能好和使用寿命长等特点,可适用于高负荷、高转速、高真空、高能辐射和强氧化介质等环境。随着社会城市化、科技化、人性化的发展，设计一种防锈、防腐抗氧化能力强的耐磨润滑油以满足市场需求，是非常必要的。
发明内容
解决的技术问题：
本申请针对现有工艺制得的润滑油粘度低和耐磨性差的技术问题，提供一种耐磨润滑油的制备方法。
技术方案：
一种耐磨润滑油的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤1）：称取基础油、单硬脂酸甘油酯、硅烷偶联剂、硫化脂肪酸酯、醋酸锌、氯化钠、硫代乙酰胺、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、聚乙二醇、纳米硫化锌、纳米二硫化钼、十二烷基磷酸单酯和石油醚；
步骤2）：将基础油投入设有搅拌器和温度计的反应釜中，升温至100-140℃，加入硅烷偶联剂、硫化脂肪酸酯、醋酸锌、氯化钠、硫代乙酰胺和二烷基二硫代磷酸锌，搅拌1-3h，搅拌速度为150-350转/分钟；
步骤3）：加入剩余原料，恒温混合1-2h，降温至50-60℃，搅拌至均匀透明即可。
其中，步骤1）至3）中耐磨润滑油的各原料，按重量份数配比如下：基础油100份；单硬脂酸甘油酯4-8份；硅烷偶联剂6-10份；硫化脂肪酸酯3-7份；醋酸锌4-8份；氯化钠12-18份；硫代乙酰胺5-9份；二烷基二硫代磷酸锌为1-5份；聚乙二醇为0.5-4.5份；纳米硫化锌2-6份；纳米二硫化钼8-12份；十二烷基磷酸单酯3-7份；石油醚1-5份。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案：步骤1）至3）中耐磨润滑油的各原料，按重量份数配比如下：基础油100份；单硬脂酸甘油酯5-7份；硅烷偶联剂7-9份；硫化脂肪酸酯4-6份；醋酸锌5-7份；氯化钠13-17份；硫代乙酰胺6-8份；二烷基二硫代磷酸锌为2-4份；聚乙二醇为1.5-3.5份；纳米硫化锌3-5份；纳米二硫化钼9-11份；十二烷基磷酸单酯4-6份；石油醚2-4份。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案：步骤1）至3）中耐磨润滑油的各原料，按重量份数配比如下：基础油100份；单硬脂酸甘油酯5份；硅烷偶联剂7份；硫化脂肪酸酯4份；醋酸锌5份；氯化钠13份；硫代乙酰胺6份；二烷基二硫代磷酸锌为2份；聚乙二醇为1.5份；纳米硫化锌3份；纳米二硫化钼9份；十二烷基磷酸单酯4份；石油醚2份。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案：步骤1）至3）中耐磨润滑油的各原料，按重量份数配比如下：基础油100份；单硬脂酸甘油酯7份；硅烷偶联剂9份；硫化脂肪酸酯6份；醋酸锌7份；氯化钠17份；硫代乙酰胺8份；二烷基二硫代磷酸锌为4份；聚乙二醇为3.5份；纳米硫化锌5份；纳米二硫化钼11份；十二烷基磷酸单酯6份；石油醚4份。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案：步骤1）至3）中耐磨润滑油的各原料，按重量份数配比如下：基础油100份；单硬脂酸甘油酯6份；硅烷偶联剂8份；硫化脂肪酸酯5份；醋酸锌6份；氯化钠15份；硫代乙酰胺7份；二烷基二硫代磷酸锌为3份；聚乙二醇为2.5份；纳米硫化锌4份；纳米二硫化钼10份；十二烷基磷酸单酯5份；石油醚3份。
有益效果：
本发明所述一种耐磨润滑油采用以上技术方案与现有技术相比，具有以下技术效果：1、对环境友好，无毒，可以生物降解；2、流变性能好，粘度高；3、抗氧化能力强，使用寿命长；4、防锈，防腐性能好，可以广泛生产并不断代替现有材料。
具体实施方式
实施例1
按重量份数配比称取：基础油100份；单硬脂酸甘油酯4份；硅烷偶联剂6份；硫化脂肪酸酯3份；醋酸锌4份；氯化钠12份；硫代乙酰胺5份；二烷基二硫代磷酸锌为1份；聚乙二醇为0.5份；纳米硫化锌2份；纳米二硫化钼8份；十二烷基磷酸单酯3份；石油醚1份。
将基础油投入设有搅拌器和温度计的反应釜中，升温至100℃，加入硅烷偶联剂、硫化脂肪酸酯、醋酸锌、氯化钠、硫代乙酰胺和二烷基二硫代磷酸锌，搅拌1-3h，搅拌速度为150转/分钟。
加入剩余原料，恒温混合1h，降温至50℃，搅拌至均匀透明即可。
对环境友好，无毒，可以生物降解；流变性能好，粘度高；抗氧化能力强，使用寿命长；防锈，防腐性能好，可以广泛生产并不断代替现有材料。
实施例2
按重量份数配比称取：基础油100份；单硬脂酸甘油酯8份；硅烷偶联剂10份；硫化脂肪酸酯7份；醋酸锌8份；氯化钠18份；硫代乙酰胺9份；二烷基二硫代磷酸锌为5份；聚乙二醇为4.5份；纳米硫化锌6份；纳米二硫化钼12份；十二烷基磷酸单酯7份；石油醚5份。
将基础油投入设有搅拌器和温度计的反应釜中，升温至140℃，加入硅烷偶联剂、硫化脂肪酸酯、醋酸锌、氯化钠、硫代乙酰胺和二烷基二硫代磷酸锌，搅拌1-3h，搅拌速度为350转/分钟。
加入剩余原料，恒温混合2h，降温至60℃，搅拌至均匀透明即可。
对环境友好，无毒，可以生物降解；流变性能好，粘度高；抗氧化能力强，使用寿命长；防锈，防腐性能好，可以广泛生产并不断代替现有材料。
实施例3
按重量份数配比称取：基础油100份；单硬脂酸甘油酯5份；硅烷偶联剂7份；硫化脂肪酸酯4份；醋酸锌5份；氯化钠13份；硫代乙酰胺6份；二烷基二硫代磷酸锌为2份；聚乙二醇为1.5份；纳米硫化锌3份；纳米二硫化钼9份；十二烷基磷酸单酯4份；石油醚2份。
将基础油投入设有搅拌器和温度计的反应釜中，升温至100℃，加入硅烷偶联剂、硫化脂肪酸酯、醋酸锌、氯化钠、硫代乙酰胺和二烷基二硫代磷酸锌，搅拌1h，搅拌速度为150转/分钟。
加入剩余原料，恒温混合1h，降温至50℃，搅拌至均匀透明即可。
对环境友好，无毒，可以生物降解；流变性能好，粘度高；抗氧化能力强，使用寿命长；防锈，防腐性能好，可以广泛生产并不断代替现有材料。
实施例4
一种耐磨润滑油，按重量份数配比称取：基础油100份；单硬脂酸甘油酯7份；硅烷偶联剂9份；硫化脂肪酸酯6份；醋酸锌7份；氯化钠17份；硫代乙酰胺8份；二烷基二硫代磷酸锌为4份；聚乙二醇为3.5份；纳米硫化锌5份；纳米二硫化钼11份；十二烷基磷酸单酯6份；石油醚4份。
将基础油投入设有搅拌器和温度计的反应釜中，升温至140℃，加入硅烷偶联剂、硫化脂肪酸酯、醋酸锌、氯化钠、硫代乙酰胺和二烷基二硫代磷酸锌，搅拌3h，搅拌速度为350转/分钟。
加入剩余原料，恒温混合1-2h，降温至50-60℃，搅拌至均匀透明即可。
对环境友好，无毒，可以生物降解；流变性能好，粘度高；抗氧化能力强，使用寿命长；防锈，防腐性能好，可以广泛生产并不断代替现有材料。
实施例5
按重量份数配比称取：基础油100份；单硬脂酸甘油酯6份；硅烷偶联剂8份；硫化脂肪酸酯5份；醋酸锌6份；氯化钠15份；硫代乙酰胺7份；二烷基二硫代磷酸锌为3份；聚乙二醇为2.5份；纳米硫化锌4份；纳米二硫化钼10份；十二烷基磷酸单酯5份；石油醚3份。
将基础油投入设有搅拌器和温度计的反应釜中，升温至120℃，加入硅烷偶联剂、硫化脂肪酸酯、醋酸锌、氯化钠、硫代乙酰胺和二烷基二硫代磷酸锌，搅拌2h，搅拌速度为250转/分钟。
加入剩余原料，恒温混合2h，降温至55℃，搅拌至均匀透明即可。
对环境友好，无毒，可以生物降解；流变性能好，粘度高；抗氧化能力强，使用寿命长；防锈，防腐性能好，可以广泛生产并不断代替现有材料。
实施例1～5中所述的纳米硫化锌经过改性，改性步骤为：通过将纳米硫化锌、钛酸丁酯和硬脂酸经超声分散处理制得，其中，所述的纳米硫化锌、钛酸丁酯和硬脂酸的质量比为1：（0.01～0.1）：（0.1～2）。
以上实施例中的所有组分均可以商业购买。
上述实施例只是用于对本发明的内容进行阐述，而不是限制，因此在与本发明的权利要求书相当的含义和范围内的任何改变，都应该认为是包括在权利要求书的范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种耐磨润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
步骤1）：称取基础油、单硬脂酸甘油酯、硅烷偶联剂、硫化脂肪酸酯、醋酸锌、氯化钠、硫代乙酰胺、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、聚乙二醇、纳米硫化锌、纳米二硫化钼、十二烷基磷酸单酯和石油醚；
步骤2）：将基础油投入设有搅拌器和温度计的反应釜中，升温至100-140℃，加入硅烷偶联剂、硫化脂肪酸酯、醋酸锌、氯化钠、硫代乙酰胺和二烷基二硫代磷酸锌，搅拌1-3h，搅拌速度为150-350转/分钟；
步骤3）：加入剩余原料，恒温混合1-2h，降温至50-60℃，搅拌至均匀透明即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐磨润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的纳米硫化锌通过将纳米硫化锌、钛酸丁酯和硬脂酸经超声分散处理制得，其中，所述的纳米硫化锌、钛酸丁酯和硬脂酸的质量比为1：（0.01～0.1）：（0.1～2）。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的耐磨润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤1）至3）中耐磨润滑油的各原料，按重量份数配比如下：基础油100份；单硬脂酸甘油酯4-8份；硅烷偶联剂6-10份；硫化脂肪酸酯3-7份；醋酸锌4-8份；氯化钠12-18份；硫代乙酰胺5-9份；二烷基二硫代磷酸锌为1-5份；聚乙二醇为0.5-4.5份；纳米硫化锌2-6份；纳米二硫化钼8-12份；十二烷基磷酸单酯3-7份；石油醚1-5份。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的耐磨润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤1）至3）中耐磨润滑油的各原料，按重量份数配比如下：基础油100份；单硬脂酸甘油酯5-7份；硅烷偶联剂7-9份；硫化脂肪酸酯4-6份；醋酸锌5-7份；氯化钠13-17份；硫代乙酰胺6-8份；二烷基二硫代磷酸锌为2-4份；聚乙二醇为1.5-3.5份；纳米硫化锌3-5份；纳米二硫化钼9-11份；十二烷基磷酸单酯4-6份；石油醚2-4份。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的耐磨润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤1）至3）中耐磨润滑油的各原料，按重量份数配比如下：基础油100份；单硬脂酸甘油酯5份；硅烷偶联剂7份；硫化脂肪酸酯4份；醋酸锌5份；氯化钠13份；硫代乙酰胺6份；二烷基二硫代磷酸锌为2份；聚乙二醇为1.5份；纳米硫化锌3份；纳米二硫化钼9份；十二烷基磷酸单酯4份；石油醚2份。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的耐磨润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤1）至3）中耐磨润滑油的各原料，按重量份数配比如下：基础油100份；单硬脂酸甘油酯7份；硅烷偶联剂9份；硫化脂肪酸酯6份；醋酸锌7份；氯化钠17份；硫代乙酰胺8份；二烷基二硫代磷酸锌为4份；聚乙二醇为3.5份；纳米硫化锌5份；纳米二硫化钼11份；十二烷基磷酸单酯6份；石油醚4份。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的耐磨润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤1）至3）中耐磨润滑油的各原料，按重量份数配比如下：基础油100份；单硬脂酸甘油酯6份；硅烷偶联剂8份；硫化脂肪酸酯5份；醋酸锌6份；氯化钠15份；硫代乙酰胺7份；二烷基二硫代磷酸锌为3份；聚乙二醇为2.5份；纳米硫化锌4份；纳米二硫化钼10份；十二烷基磷酸单酯5份；石油醚3份。
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