CN107164063A - 一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107164063A
CN107164063A CN201710567454.0A CN201710567454A CN107164063A CN 107164063 A CN107164063 A CN 107164063A CN 201710567454 A CN201710567454 A CN 201710567454A CN 107164063 A CN107164063 A CN 107164063A
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张玉成
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Hefei Qingfeng Yang Electrical Science And Technology LLC
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油，按照重量份包括以下成分：基础油15~24份，硼酸6~9份，硝基甲烷7~9份，聚乙烯醇4~7份，羟基磺酸钠3~5份，聚乙二醇单甲醚4~8份，氢氧化铝1~4份，乙醇胺2~4份，三乙醇胺3~6份，红油4~19份，低分子聚乙烯蜡6~8份，苯甲醇2~6份，石蜡3~8份，四甲基氢氧化铵4~10份，甲基聚四氟乙烯2~5份，防腐剂2~6份。本发明提供一种机电设备用耐高温的润滑油及其制备方法，具有配方简单、制造方便、易于实现、成本低廉的优势，能够在机电设备工作过程中很好的起到润滑冷却效果，减少摩擦，同时具有很好的高温耐受性。

Description

一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于润滑油领域，具体涉及一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油及其制备方法。
背景技术
众润滑油基础油主要分矿物基础油、合成基础油以及生物基础油三大类。矿物基础油应用广泛，用量很大（约95%以上），但有些应用场合则必须使用合成基础油和生物油基础油调配的产品，因而使这两种基础油得到迅速发展。
矿油基础油由原油提炼而成。润滑油基础油主要生产过程有：常减压蒸馏、溶剂脱沥青、溶剂精制、溶剂脱蜡、白土或加氢补充精制。1995年修订了中国现行的润滑油基础油标准，主要修改了分类方法，并增加了低凝和深度精制两类专用基础油标准。矿物型润滑油的生产，最重要的是选用最佳的原油。
矿物基础油的化学成分包括高沸点、高分子量烃类和非烃类混合物。其组成一般为烷烃（直链、支链、多支链）、环烷烃（单环、双环、多环）、芳烃（单环芳烃、多环芳烃）、环烷基芳烃以及含氧、含氮、含硫有机化合物和胶质、沥青质等非烃类化合物。生物基础油（植物油）正越来越受欢迎，它可以生物降解而迅速的降低环境污染。由于当今世界上所有的工业企业都在寻求减少对环境污染的措施，而这种“天然”润滑油正拥有这个特点，虽然植物油成本高，但所增加的费用足以抵消使用其它矿物油、合成润滑油所带来的环境治理费用。目前，市场上的润滑油耐高温性能差，使用效率低，造成机电设备磨损严重。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案为：一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油，按照重量份包括以下成分：基础油15~24份，硼酸6~9份，硝基甲烷7~9份，聚乙烯醇4~7份，羟基磺酸钠3~5份，聚乙二醇单甲醚4~8份，氢氧化铝1~4份，乙醇胺2~4份，三乙醇胺3~6份，红油4~19份，低分子聚乙烯蜡6~8份，苯甲醇2~6份，石蜡3~8份，四甲基氢氧化铵4~10份，甲基聚四氟乙烯2~5份，防腐剂2~6份。
优选地，按照重量份包括以下成分：基础油15份，硼酸6份，硝基甲烷7份，聚乙烯醇4份，羟基磺酸钠3份，聚乙二醇单甲醚4份，氢氧化铝1份，乙醇胺2份，三乙醇胺3份，红油4份，低分子聚乙烯蜡6，苯甲醇2份，石蜡3份，四甲基氢氧化铵4份，甲基聚四氟乙烯2份，防腐剂2份。
优选地，所述基础油主要包括矿物基础油、合成基础油以及植物油基础油，主要选用植物油基础油。
优选地，所述低分子聚乙烯蜡的平均分子量为1000~3000。
优选地，所述防腐剂选自山梨酸钾、苯甲酸钠、二甲苯或尼泊金甲酯中的一种或者它们的混合物。
一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油的制备方法，主要包括以下步骤：步骤1：在反应釜中加入基础油、硼酸、硝基甲烷、聚乙烯醇、羟基磺酸钠、聚乙二醇单甲醚开机搅拌升温至80~90℃，保温溶解60~90min使得温度一直维持在80~90℃，完全溶解之后降温至40~50℃，制得第一混合溶液；
步骤2：在步骤1所得的第一混合溶液中加入聚乙烯醇、羟基磺酸钠、聚乙二醇单甲醚、氢氧化铝，升温至70~80℃，保温反应20~40min，然后加入乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、红油、低分子聚乙烯蜡、苯甲醇，再将温度升至80~85℃，得到第二混合溶液；
步骤3：等待第二混合溶液熟化反应60~90min后，再降温至60~65℃，加入全部的石蜡，四甲基氢氧化铵、甲基聚四氟乙烯，搅拌反应30~60min，再降温至45℃，最后加入全部的防腐剂，制得润滑油。
优选地，所述步骤1中的搅拌速度为150~250r/min。
优选地，所述步骤3中的降温速度为5~10℃/min。
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明提供一种机电设备用耐高温的润滑油及其制备方法，具有配方简单、制造方便、易于实现、成本低廉的优势，能够在机电设备工作过程中很好的起到润滑冷却效果，减少摩擦，同时具有很好的高温耐受性。本发明采用矿物基础油、合成基础油以及植物油基础油作为该润滑油的基础油，价格低廉，再加入氢氧化铝等耐高温添加剂，使得润滑油可以在高温条件下使用，保证机器设备的良好运作。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步的详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不限定本发明。
实施例1
一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油，按照重量份包括以下成分：基础油15份，硼酸6份，硝基甲烷7份，聚乙烯醇4份，羟基磺酸钠3份，聚乙二醇单甲醚4份，氢氧化铝1份，乙醇胺2份，三乙醇胺3份，红油4份，低分子聚乙烯蜡6，苯甲醇2份，石蜡3份，四甲基氢氧化铵4份，甲基聚四氟乙烯2份，防腐剂2份。
所述基础油主要包括矿物基础油、合成基础油以及植物油基础油，主要选用植物油基础油。
所述低分子聚乙烯蜡的平均分子量为1000。
所述防腐剂选自山梨酸钾、苯甲酸钠、二甲苯或尼泊金甲酯中的一种或者它们的混合物。
一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油的制备方法，主要包括以下步骤：步骤1：在反应釜中加入基础油、硼酸、硝基甲烷、聚乙烯醇、羟基磺酸钠、聚乙二醇单甲醚开机搅拌升温至80℃，保温溶解60min使得温度一直维持在80℃，完全溶解之后降温至40℃，制得第一混合溶液；
步骤2：在步骤1所得的第一混合溶液中加入聚乙烯醇、羟基磺酸钠、聚乙二醇单甲醚、氢氧化铝，升温至70℃，保温反应20min，然后加入乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、红油、低分子聚乙烯蜡、苯甲醇，再将温度升至80℃，得到第二混合溶液；
步骤3：等待第二混合溶液熟化反应60min后，再降温至60℃，加入全部的石蜡，四甲基氢氧化铵、甲基聚四氟乙烯，搅拌反应30min，再降温至45℃，最后加入全部的防腐剂，制得润滑油。
所述步骤1中的搅拌速度为150r/min。
所述步骤3中的降温速度为5℃/min。
实施例2
一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油，按照重量份包括以下成分：基础油20份，硼酸8份，硝基甲烷8份，聚乙烯醇6份，羟基磺酸钠4份，聚乙二醇单甲醚6份，氢氧化铝3份，乙醇胺3份，三乙醇胺5份，红油10份，低分子聚乙烯蜡7份，苯甲醇5份，石蜡5份，四甲基氢氧化铵6份，甲基聚四氟乙烯3份，防腐剂5份。
所述基础油主要包括矿物基础油、合成基础油以及植物油基础油，主要选用植物油基础油。
所述低分子聚乙烯蜡的平均分子量为2000。
所述防腐剂选自山梨酸钾、苯甲酸钠、二甲苯或尼泊金甲酯中的一种或者它们的混合物。
一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油的制备方法，主要包括以下步骤：步骤1：在反应釜中加入基础油、硼酸、硝基甲烷、聚乙烯醇、羟基磺酸钠、聚乙二醇单甲醚开机搅拌升温至85℃，保温溶解80min使得温度一直维持在85℃，完全溶解之后降温至45℃，制得第一混合溶液；
步骤2：在步骤1所得的第一混合溶液中加入聚乙烯醇、羟基磺酸钠、聚乙二醇单甲醚、氢氧化铝，升温至75℃，保温反应30min，然后加入乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、红油、低分子聚乙烯蜡、苯甲醇，再将温度升至83℃，得到第二混合溶液；
步骤3：等待第二混合溶液熟化反应80min后，再降温至63℃，加入全部的石蜡，四甲基氢氧化铵、甲基聚四氟乙烯，搅拌反应50min，再降温至45℃，最后加入全部的防腐剂，制得润滑油。
所述步骤1中的搅拌速度为200r/min。
所述步骤3中的降温速度为8℃/min。
实施例3
一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油，按照重量份包括以下成分：基础油24份，硼酸9份，硝基甲烷9份，聚乙烯醇7份，羟基磺酸钠5份，聚乙二醇单甲醚8份，氢氧化铝4份，乙醇胺4份，三乙醇胺6份，红油19份，低分子聚乙烯蜡8份，苯甲醇6份，石蜡8份，四甲基氢氧化铵10份，甲基聚四氟乙烯5份，防腐剂6份。
所述基础油主要包括矿物基础油、合成基础油以及植物油基础油，主要选用植物油基础油。
所述低分子聚乙烯蜡的平均分子量为3000。
所述防腐剂选自山梨酸钾、苯甲酸钠、二甲苯或尼泊金甲酯中的一种或者它们的混合物。
一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油的制备方法，主要包括以下步骤：步骤1：在反应釜中加入基础油、硼酸、硝基甲烷、聚乙烯醇、羟基磺酸钠、聚乙二醇单甲醚开机搅拌升温至90℃，保温溶解90min使得温度一直维持在90℃，完全溶解之后降温至50℃，制得第一混合溶液；
步骤2：在步骤1所得的第一混合溶液中加入聚乙烯醇、羟基磺酸钠、聚乙二醇单甲醚、氢氧化铝，升温至80℃，保温反应40min，然后加入乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、红油、低分子聚乙烯蜡、苯甲醇，再将温度升至85℃，得到第二混合溶液；
步骤3：等待第二混合溶液熟化反应90min后，再降温至65℃，加入全部的石蜡，四甲基氢氧化铵、甲基聚四氟乙烯，搅拌反应60min，再降温至45℃，最后加入全部的防腐剂，制得润滑油。
所述步骤1中的搅拌速度为250r/min。
所述步骤3中的降温速度为10℃/min。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油，其特征在于，按照重量份包括以下成分：基础油15~24份，硼酸6~9份，硝基甲烷7~9份，聚乙烯醇4~7份，羟基磺酸钠3~5份，聚乙二醇单甲醚4~8份，氢氧化铝1~4份，乙醇胺2~4份，三乙醇胺3~6份，红油4~19份，低分子聚乙烯蜡6~8份，苯甲醇2~6份，石蜡3~8份，四甲基氢氧化铵4~10份，甲基聚四氟乙烯2~5份，防腐剂2~6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油，其特征在于，按照重量份包括以下成分：基础油15份，硼酸6份，硝基甲烷7份，聚乙烯醇4份，羟基磺酸钠3份，聚乙二醇单甲醚4份，氢氧化铝1份，乙醇胺2份，三乙醇胺3份，红油4份，低分子聚乙烯蜡6，苯甲醇2份，石蜡3份，四甲基氢氧化铵4份，甲基聚四氟乙烯2份，防腐剂2份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油，其特征在于，所述基础油主要包括矿物基础油、合成基础油以及植物油基础油，主要选用植物油基础油。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油，其特征在于，所述低分子聚乙烯蜡的平均分子量为1000~3000。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油，其特征在于，所述防腐剂选自山梨酸钾、苯甲酸钠、二甲苯或尼泊金甲酯中的一种或者它们的混合物。
6.一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于，主要包括以下步骤：步骤1：在反应釜中加入基础油、硼酸、硝基甲烷、聚乙烯醇、羟基磺酸钠、聚乙二醇单甲醚开机搅拌升温至80~90℃，保温溶解60~90min使得温度一直维持在80~90℃，完全溶解之后降温至40~50℃，制得第一混合溶液；
步骤2：在步骤1所得的第一混合溶液中加入聚乙烯醇、羟基磺酸钠、聚乙二醇单甲醚、氢氧化铝，升温至70~80℃，保温反应20~40min，然后加入乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、红油、低分子聚乙烯蜡、苯甲醇，再将温度升至80~85℃，得到第二混合溶液；
步骤3：等待第二混合溶液熟化反应60~90min后，再降温至60~65℃，加入全部的石蜡，四甲基氢氧化铵、甲基聚四氟乙烯，搅拌反应30~60min，再降温至45℃，最后加入全部的防腐剂，制得润滑油。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1中的搅拌速度为150~250r/min。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种机电设备用的耐高温润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤3中的降温速度为5~10℃/min。
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