CN107363073A - House refuse installation for fermenting and the resource integrated apparatus and method of decrement - Google Patents
House refuse installation for fermenting and the resource integrated apparatus and method of decrement Download PDFInfo
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- CN107363073A CN107363073A CN201710564145.8A CN201710564145A CN107363073A CN 107363073 A CN107363073 A CN 107363073A CN 201710564145 A CN201710564145 A CN 201710564145A CN 107363073 A CN107363073 A CN 107363073A
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 35
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011176 pooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of house refuse installation for fermenting and the resource integrated apparatus and method of decrement, belong to field of environment protection equipment.Installation for fermenting includes round, heater, aerator and air extractor；Wherein the inner cavity top of round forms triangle by two inclined-planes, is provided with guiding gutter below the inclined-plane of both sides, for being collected to the condensed water being condensed in fermentation process on inclined-plane, prevents it to be back to again in material；Described heater is used to heat the material in round, and described aerator is used to blast air into round, and described air extractor is used to extract the gas in round out.The present invention adds condensate liquid choke apparatus to the inner barrel of installation for fermenting, and choked flow is carried out to condensed water, it is ensured that fermentation temperature and heating rate, accelerate the desiccation of material with it is decomposed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment protection equipment, and in particular to a kind of house refuse installation for fermenting and decrement resource integrated are set
Standby and method.
Background technology
In June, 2016, firmly build portion, Committee of Development and Reform's issue《Rubbish mandatory classifications system scheme (exposure draft)》.Scheme carries
Go out, to the year two thousand twenty bottom, key cities' house refuse is effectively classified, and implements the key cities of house refuse mandatory classifications, raw
Separate waste collection coverage rate living reaches more than 90%, and house refuse recovery utilization rate reaches more than 35% and (returned containing regenerated resources
Receipts, categorised collection simultaneously implement the biodegradable organic wastes such as the food waste of recycling).The biodegradable organic wastes such as the food waste by classification
The form of aerobic fermentation can be used, can both realize innoxious, minimizing and recycling, certain economic effect can be produced again
Benefit.
At present, vertical and horizontal fermentation cartridge form is used according to fermenting characteristic, most of high-temperature aerobic fermentation devices.Its
In, fermentation cylinder largely uses cylinder form, and rarely has equipment to set extractor fan to detach fermentation cylinder internal steam and give up
Gas, heat caused by microbial degradation organic matter promotes the moisture evaporation in material in fermentation, however this part vapor due to
It can not be pulled out in time in cylinder, can be turned again to again in material after condensation, slow down fresh material programming rate, so as to influence
The maturity of material.So existing Zymolysis Equipment is difficult that the removal of moisture content is realized in the aerobic fermentation of short time,
It is difficult to meet《Organic fertilizer standard》(NY525-2012) requirement of moisture content≤30% in.
At present, existing certain applications are in the minimizing resource technology and equipment in house refuse field, but existing equipment is certainly
Dynamicization degree is low, and microbial inoculum auxiliary material is costly, and floor space is big, and auxiliary facility is numerous and diverse, secondary pollution (waste gas, waste water) seriously, ring
The problems such as border sanitary condition is severe, it is impossible to adapt to that land resource is in short supply and municipal refuse feature, seriously limit urban life rubbish
It is organic in rubbish can the recycling of rotten composition and the Sources decreasing of house refuse.Therefore, invention describes one kind to live
Style refuse fermenter and the resource integrated equipment of decrement, to realize the Sources decreasing of domestic waste and recycling profit
With.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve problems of the prior art, and provide a kind of house refuse installation for fermenting.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows：
House refuse installation for fermenting, including round, heater, aerator and air extractor；Wherein fermentation is held
The inner cavity top of device forms triangle by two inclined-planes, guiding gutter is provided with below the inclined-plane of both sides, for fermentation process
In the condensed water that is condensed on inclined-plane be collected, prevent it to be back to again in material；Described heater is used for hair
Material in ferment container is heated, and described aerator is used to blast air, described air extractor into round
For extracting the gas in round out.
Preferably, there are a plurality of interval setting and parallel guiding gutter on per skew back face.
Preferably, the lower surface of described cold guiding gutter is in smooth streamlined, for preventing from being condensed in lower surface
Condensed water is directly dropped down onto in material.
Preferably, described guiding gutter end is picked out outside round, for condensed water to be discharged into round.
Preferably, described agitating device includes：
One central shaft；
One conveyor screw for being used to axially push material, conveyor screw are fixed on the central shaft side and from shaft ends with one heart
It is in tapering type extension to axle centre position；
And some stirrer paddles, stirrer paddle are coaxially fixed on the central shaft opposite side with conveyor screw；
Central shaft is arranged concentrically in cylinder, and cylinder sets charging aperture close to conveyor screw side, close to stirrer paddle side
Provided with discharging opening.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of house refuse to be reduced resource integrated equipment, equipment body is positioned at ground
Below face, and provided with the lifting structures for being used to equipment body lifting into ground；Equipment body includes breaker, as previously described
Installation for fermenting, screening plant and feeding back device, described breaker is arranged at below the charging aperture of equipment body, crushes dress
The charging aperture for the discharging opening connection round put, the rubbish that the charging aperture of slave unit main body is fallen after breaker is broken,
Fermented into round；The discharging opening rear end connection screening plant of round, screenings are collected by collection device, oversize
It is delivered in breaker, is mixed with new refuse broken by feeding back device；The Waste gas outlet and discharge of wastewater of round
Mouth is respectively connecting to processing unit.
Preferably, also including dustbin, dustbin is arranged on ground, and rubbish bottom of the barrel opens up the rubbish of controllable opening and closing
Rubbish exports, the charging aperture of garbage outlet the service of connection devices main body.
Further, described rubbish bottom of the barrel is provided with the pressure sensor for being used for sensing garbage weight in bucket, and in bucket
Provided with for identifying that the color sensor of refuse bag color is with for sensing the concentration equipment for whether having metal in rubbish, pressing in bucket
Force snesor, color sensor and concentration equipment are connected to control device, the opening and closing for feedback control garbage outlet.
Preferably, described collection device and/or processing unit is separately provided with the act for its lifting to be gone out to ground
Rise structure.
A further object of the present invention is that providing a kind of house refuse using above-mentioned integration apparatus is reduced recycling side
Method, comprise the following steps：
1) after rubbish is introduced into dustbin, rubbish classification is identified with concentration equipment by color sensor, if knowing
The sorting rubbish bag of entrance is clipped to as non-targeted color or recognizes and metal in rubbish be present, then dustbin sends alert notification and fallen
Rubbish person takes the rubbish away；The pressure sensor record weight that rubbish bottom of the barrel is set, if the rubbish in dustbin exceedes weight
When non-targeted color refuse bag or metal is not present in the rubbish of threshold value and inside, dustbin bottom opening is opened, enters rubbish
Enter breaker；
2) mixed material is broken after device crushes and entered in installation for fermenting, and rubbish is completed under the cooperation stirred and be aerated
Aerobic fermentation, the condensed water that inner cavity top is condensed in fermentation process go out installation for fermenting by diversion tank platoon；It is decomposed after fermentation
Material enters screening plant from the discharging opening of installation for fermenting, and oversize enters feeding back device, and screenings is collected into collection dress
In putting；
3) collect to be lifted to more than ground by the collection device timing of screenings and carry out cleaning outward transport, and oversize is by modeling
It is delivered in breaker by feeding back device after material stripping, is together broken as feed back and Fresh Life rubbish；
4) processing unit is periodically lifted to more than ground, completes to be down to ground again after waste water outward transport or replacement
Below.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, during hot fermentation, because microorganism heat production promotes substantial amounts of moisture to steam in conventional cylindrical tube body
Hair, forms more condensed water, this partial condensation water can be fallen in round again after aggregation, water at the top of cylinder
Fermentation temperature can be reduced, slow down material heating rate, reduce that material is decomposed and desiccation speed by point returning to material.The present invention is to fermentation
The inner barrel of container adds condensate liquid choke apparatus, and choked flow is carried out to condensed water, it is ensured that fermentation temperature and heating rate,
Accelerate material desiccation with it is decomposed.
2nd, the present invention can realize that land resource zero takes, and save construction investment, solve that urban land resource is in short supply asks
Topic.Buried house refuse is reduced into resource integrated equipment to be embedded in below cell classification dustbin placement area, at original position
House refuse is managed, refuse classification accuracy greatly improved, reduce Domestic Waste Collection freight volume, improve domestic garbage resource
Utilization rate, fertilizer product can also dissolve in the gardens in the region, reduce park maintenance expense.
3rd, the present invention need not add microbial bacterial agent and related conditioner.Vibratory sieve oversize is that particle is larger, fermented
Incomplete material, microbiologic population's species are enriched.Oversize in feed back to round, can be achieved in proportion：1) ferment not
Complete oversize carries out secondary fermentation；2) it is fresh material microbe inoculation；3) fresh material moisture content and porosity are adjusted.
4th, total system and apparatus structure of the present invention are compact, and convenient disassembly is easy to maintain.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of house refuse installation for fermenting；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of another house refuse round；
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of agitating device；
Fig. 4 is the overall structure diagram that buried house refuse is reduced resource integrated equipment in embodiment 1；
Fig. 5 is the core component arrangement schematic diagram that buried house refuse is reduced resource integrated equipment in embodiment 1；
Fig. 6 is the external structure schematic diagram of dustbin in embodiment 2；
Fig. 7 is the structural perspective of dustbin in embodiment 2；
Fig. 8 is the core component arrangement schematic diagram that buried house refuse is reduced resource integrated equipment in embodiment 3；
In figure：Disintegrating machine 1, round 2, elevator 3, vibratory sieve 4, collecting vessel 5, pulley 6, pollutant treatment device
7th, blast pipe 8, hydraulic pressure lift bar 9, frame 10, dustbin 11, bung 1101, side openings 1102, pressure sensor 1103, set
Standby main body charging aperture 1104, concentration equipment 1105, round body 201, round top cover 202, guiding gutter 203, center
Axle 204, conveyor screw 205, stirrer paddle 206, aerator 207, air extractor 208, heater 209.
Embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated and illustrated with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Each technology is special in the present invention
Sign can carry out respective combination on the premise of not colliding with each other.
The house refuse installation for fermenting of the present invention, including round, heater 209, aerator 207 and pumping dress
Put 208.Wherein place of the round as rubbish fermentation, including round body 201, round top cover 202.Heating
Device 209 is resistance heater, for being heated to the material in round, can lay with cylinder.Aerator 207
Including aeration head and air blower, aeration head lay with inside round, for blasting air into round.Air extractor
208 be negative pressure sucking pump, for extracting the gas in round out.Heater 209, aerator 207 and air extractor 208
Open on demand.
As shown in figure 1, the round top cover 202 in round positioned at top forms triangle by two inclined-planes,
Guiding gutter 203 is provided with below the inclined-plane of both sides, for being collected to the condensed water being condensed in fermentation process on inclined-plane, is prevented
Only it is back in material again.The effect of guiding gutter is to carry out choked flow to the condensed water for volatilizing and condensing in fermentation process, is prevented
Only it is back in material again, because the temperature of condensed water is relatively lower than material, its backflow can reduce fermentation temperature, slow down thing
Expect heating rate, reduce that material is decomposed and desiccation speed.
Guiding gutter 203 can extend external container, directly be discharged condensed water.It is preferably spaced apart on per skew back face to set
Put a plurality of parallel guiding gutter 203, in order to avoid condensed water is on inclined-plane in sliding process, do not reach bottom guiding gutter 203 when
Time is just fallen.
Try not have sharp angle preferably in smooth streamlined, prevent from being condensed in and lead in the lower surface of guiding gutter 203
The condensed water of the lower surface of chute 203 is directly dropped down onto in material.
In addition, guiding gutter 203 not only can also be only arranged on inclined-plane, if it is easy other inside round to be also present
The place of condensate liquid is dripped, guiding gutter 203 can also be further set thereunder.As shown in Fig. 2 can also be therebetween
Position sets guiding gutter 203.
Certainly, guiding gutter 203 is only a kind of implementation of condensate liquid choke apparatus, and choked flow can also pass through baffle plate, gear
The modes such as block, screen cloth are realized, as long as can prevent condensing droplet from falling within surface of material.
As shown in figure 3, the agitating device set in round includes：One central shaft 204；One is used to axially push
The conveyor screw 205 of material, conveyor screw 205 is fixed on the side of central shaft 204 and from shaft end to axle centre position with one heart is in
Tapering type extension；And some stirrer paddles 206, stirrer paddle 206 are coaxially fixed on the central shaft 204 with conveyor screw 205
Opposite side.Central shaft 204 is arranged concentrically in cylinder, and cylinder sets charging aperture close to the side of conveyor screw 205, close to stirrer paddle
206 sides are provided with discharging opening.The specific effect of the agitating device, which is shown in Application No. 201510981168.X patent of invention, to be remembered
Carry, whole reactor forms a layer-transferred fermentation reactor.The layer-transferred fermentation reactor preferably can give birth to food waste
Rubbish living carries out being reduced recycling fermentation.
Below based on the layer-transferred fermentation reactor, food waste house refuse is entered by several embodiment introduction present invention
The concrete technology of row processing.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figures 4 and 5, a kind of house refuse is reduced resource integrated equipment, and equipment body locates below ground level, can be with
The structures for accommodating equipment body are excavated in advance.Equipment body includes disintegrating machine 1, round 2, vibratory sieve 4 and feeding back device,
For integral erection in the frame 10 of a steel construction, frame is respectively arranged with hydraulic pressure lift bar 9, hydraulic pressure lift bar on 10 4 angles
9 bottom is supported on the underground structure bottom surface for accommodating equipment body, for equipment body lifting to be gone out into ground.The present embodiment
In, round 2 is provided with the agitating device shown in Fig. 3 using structure shown in Fig. 1.The reactor can pass through stirring
Device realizes to form layering fermentation system, improves exported product quality.
Disintegrating machine 1 is arranged at below the charging aperture of equipment body, and the charging aperture of equipment body can flush in ground setting,
For supplying user's garbage throwing.The discharging opening of disintegrating machine 1 is located above the charging aperture of round 2, the charging of slave unit main body
The rubbish that mouth is fallen ferments after disintegrating machine 1 is broken into round 2.The discharging opening rear end of round 2 passes through elevator
3 by material lifting to vibratory sieve 4.After material is sieved by vibratory sieve 4, it is divided into oversize and screenings, screenings is to reach rotten
It is ripe to require that the less fermented product of particle is directly collected by collecting vessel 5；Screenings purity belongs to decomposed biomass more than 95%
Resource, can be directly agricultural.And oversize particle is larger, still stay on compass screen surface, it is not yet completely decomposed to reach fermentation requirement.Sieve
Upper thing can in advance be stored in collection vessel or is directly delivered to by feeding back devices such as conveyer belts in disintegrating machine 1, and new
Fresh food garbage mixing is broken.There is abundant microbiologic population's species, compared to directly addition microbial bacteria in the oversize of vibratory sieve 4
The method of agent or the method by the direct feed back of tunning, oversize feed back is advantageous into incomplete oversize progress of fermenting
Secondary fermentation, while fresh material moisture content and porosity can also be adjusted.
The Waste gas outlet and discharge of wastewater mouth of round 2 are respectively connecting to pollutant treatment device 7, waste water and gas
The gas of processing unit 7 is led to more than ground by blast pipe 8.And collecting vessel 5 and pollutant treatment device 7 are separately provided with
For its lifting to be gone out to the lifting structures on ground, individually it can be transported outward and be overhauled.
Above-mentioned integration apparatus can integrally be embedded in below ground, without taking ground space, but also can be effective
Secondary pollution (waste gas, waste water) is controlled, builds good environmental sanitation condition.
Whole integration apparatus can realize Automated condtrol by PLC, be subtracted using the house refuse of the integration apparatus
Quantization method is specific as follows：
1) rubbish pours into the charging aperture that equipment body is arranged on ground, and disintegrating machine 1 is then mixed into oversize.
2) rubbish material is crushed into the particle that particle diameter is less than 3cm~5cm, then under the shearing, extruding of broken cutter tooth
In round 2 immediately below falling to, and material is axially promoted by the conveyor screw inside round 2, rubbish is stirring
With the aerobic fermentation that 8~10 days are completed under the cooperation of aeration.
3) discharge hole for discharge of decomposed material from the other end of round 2 falls to the vibratory sieve 4 of underface, screenings
Into in collecting vessel 5.
4) collecting vessel 5 is periodically lifted to more than ground and is cleared up and transported outward, by artificial after oversize completion plastics stripping
Or by being mixed at feeding back device automatic transport to disintegrating machine 1 with new refuse, carry out microbe inoculation as feed back, while
Moisture content and porosity can be adjusted.
5) when the waste water liquid level in pollutant treatment device 7 reaches liquid level gauge or exhaust-gas treatment filler needs to change,
Pollutant treatment device 7 is lifted to more than ground, completes to be down to below ground again after waste water outward transport or replacement.
In general, collecting vessel 5 need to be lifted to more than ground daily completes organic fertilizer outward transport, pollutant treatment device
7, which are periodically lifted to ground, carries out waste water outward transport, and exhaust-gas treatment replacement, round 2, screening machine and other unit modules are only
Lifted in maintenance.
Disintegrating machine 1 PLC program control under can forward and reverse, if there is stall situation, PLC to the motor of disintegrating machine 1 send out
Stop signal is sent, 15s is waited and then sends reverse signal to disintegrating machine 1, after inverting 30s, send positive rotaring signal, release
The stall failure of disintegrating machine 1.
Temperature sensor, humidity sensor and oxygen concentration sensor is set to examine internal yeasting in fermenter
Survey, while set heater 209, aerator 207 and air extractor 208 and stirring motor (being used to drive central shaft) to enter
Row ambient parameter adjusts.In order to ensure good rubbish fermentation effect, following technology controlling and process can be carried out in fermentation process：It is if warm
When degree is less than 55 DEG C, PLC sends signal to heater 209, and heater turns off after being opened into temperature more than 55 DEG C.This
Outside, if oxygen concentration be less than 10%, aerator 207 start to oxygen concentration be more than 15% after stop aeration.
Humidity sensor detects a static headspace gas humidity in round 2>Temperature when 60% or in cylinder>At 70 DEG C, PLC to
The stirring motor of round 2 sends working signal with air extractor 208, when cylinder static headspace gas humidity<Temperature when 50% or in cylinder<70
After DEG C, PLC sends silence signal.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, the main part of integration apparatus is same as Example 1, but dustbin is optimized and set
Meter, to improve the rubbish content of organic matter into integration apparatus.As shown in Figures 6 and 7, in the present embodiment, the bottom of dustbin 11
Provided with 4 pressure sensors 1103 for being used to sense garbage weight in bucket, and it is provided with bucket and is used to identify refuse bag color in bucket
Color sensor with for sensing the concentration equipment 1105 that whether has metal in rubbish, pressure sensor 1103, color sensing
Device and concentration equipment 1105 are connected to control device, the opening and closing for feedback control garbage outlet.User is by opening bung
1101 lose rubbish in dustbin, can also take rubbish away from side openings 1102.
The species of rubbish can be identified by color sensor and concentration equipment, rejects the rubbish that can not be degraded.Color passes
The identification of sensor is realized based on refuse bag color, in the refuse classification system carried out energetically in current city, rubbish from cooking
Refuse bag typically using green, therefore if recognize entrance sorting rubbish bag be non-green if think that this rubbish is not food waste
Rubbish.And concentration equipment is due to magnetic, therefore it can recognize and whether there is metal in rubbish.If both recognize entrance
The rubbish of dustbin is not rubbish from cooking or metal be present, then sends alarm sound, and prompting need to be from dustbin side openings 1102
Take the rubbish away；If the sorting rubbish bag for recognizing entrance is green (organic domestic waste) and recognized in the absence of metal,
Do not send alarm.When the garbage weight in the dustbin that pressure sensor senses exceedes predetermined value, bucket bottom open, rubbish from
Equipment body charging aperture 1104 is crushed into disintegrating machine 1.
Whole integration apparatus and dustbin can realize Automated condtrol by PLC, utilize the life of the integration apparatus
Garbage decrement method living is specific as follows：
Rubbish is poured into dustbin, rubbish classification is identified with concentration equipment by color sensor, if recognizing
The sorting rubbish bag of entrance is non-targeted color or recognizes and metal in rubbish be present, then dustbin sends alert notification and tiped rubbish
Person takes the rubbish away；The pressure sensor record weight that rubbish bottom of the barrel is set, if the rubbish in dustbin exceedes weight threshold
And when non-targeted color refuse bag or metal is not present in internal rubbish, dustbin bottom opening is opened, enter rubbish broken
Broken machine 1, new refuse is mixed with oversize feed back and crushed.
Follow-up handling process is identical with embodiment.
Embodiment 3
Compared with Example 2, the difference of the present embodiment is rounded at the top of the cylinder of round 2, is not provided with condensing
Water collecting device, as shown in Figure 8.The condensed water for volatilizing and condensing in fermentation process is still back in fermentation materials.
The crucial of the present invention is fermented being sent into installation for fermenting after house refuse is crushed in breaker, is fermented
After screening, oversize feed back to breaker crushes together with Fresh Life rubbish for product.Above three embodiment
Integration apparatus is used equally for fermenting to house refuse in the case where that need not add microbial bacterial agent and related conditioner.
If the present invention combines the effect data of dry test below, so that those skilled in the art are better understood upon each improvement of the present invention
The effect risen.
Experiment 1
This experiment uses the integration apparatus of embodiment 2, specifically follows the steps below:
1) rubbish from cooking of classification is poured into dustbin successively, the non-organic rubbish of alarm is taken out from side, dustbin
Weight 50kg is recorded, by the oversize feed back 15kg of plastics stripping, enters fermentation after being crushed together with fresh rubbish from cooking and holds
In device 2.
2) operational factor is adjusted to：Cylinder temperature of fermenting is more than 55 DEG C, using intermittent aerating, aeration quantity 350L/min, is exposed
Gas frequency 1min/40min, negative pressure ventilation are 10min/2h discontinuous operations, total fermentation time 15 days.During the fermentation, ferment
Cylinder static headspace gas humidity in cylinder>When 60% or when temperature reaches 70 DEG C, PLC to display signal an alert, meanwhile, PLC to
Stirring motor and negative pressure exhausting motor send working signal, heap body turning, amount of heat loss and are pulled out cylinder, cylinder static headspace gas
Humidity<50% or after temperature drops to less than 67 DEG C, stirring motor is stopped with pumping blower fan；Oxygen concentration is less than 10%,
PLC to display signal an alert, meanwhile, PLC sends working signal to air compressor machine, etc. oxygen concentration be more than 15% after, PLC
Silence signal is sent to air compressor machine.
Experiment 2
This experiment uses the integration apparatus of embodiment 2, but oversize does not do feed back processing, specifically enters according to following steps
OK：
1) rubbish from cooking of classification is poured into dustbin successively, the non-organic rubbish of alarm is taken out from side, dustbin
Weight 50kg is recorded, microbial bacterial agent is added according to 2.0% ratio, enters after refuse breaking in round 2.
2) follow-up operation parameter regulation is consistent with experiment 1.
Experiment 3
This experiment uses the integration apparatus of embodiment 2, specifically follows the steps below：
1) rubbish from cooking of classification is poured into dustbin successively, the non-organic rubbish of alarm is taken out from side, dustbin
Weight 50kg is recorded, any microbial bacterial agent or tunning feed back is not added, enters round 2 after rubbish from cooking is broken
It is interior.
2) follow-up operation parameter regulation is consistent with experiment 1.
Experiment 4
This experiment uses the integration apparatus of embodiment 2, but tunning is not sieved, specifically according to following steps
Carry out：
1) rubbish from cooking of classification is poured into dustbin successively, the non-organic rubbish of alarm is taken out from side, dustbin
Weight 50kg is recorded, is not sieved by the tunning of plastics stripping, directly takes 15kg feed backs, together with fresh rubbish from cooking
Enter after broken in round 2.
2) follow-up operation parameter regulation is consistent with experiment 1.
Experiment 5
This experiment uses the integration apparatus of embodiment 1, specifically follows the steps below：
1) rubbish from cooking is directly poured into dustbin without classification, by the rubbish and warp with testing 1 identical weight
The oversize feed back 15kg mixing of plastics stripping is crossed, is entered after crushing together in round 2.
2) follow-up operation parameter regulation is consistent with experiment 1.
Experiment 6
This experiment uses the integration apparatus of embodiment 3, test procedure and technological parameter identical with experiment 1.
Above-mentioned each experiment procedure parameter and tunning performance are as follows, and 1d represents compost the 1st day, and remaining is similar：
The feed back of table 1, addition microbial inoculum, not influence of the feed back to fermentation process
Testing the difference of 1, experiment 2 and experiment 3 is：Experiment 1 with the addition of carries out feed back, examination by the oversize of plastics stripping
Test 2 and with the addition of microbial bacterial agent promotion fermentation, experiment 3 is added without feed back without microbial inoculum.Material is sent out by the aerobic high-heat of 15 days
After ferment, material is substantially decomposed, and the screenings after screening is the decomposed material of particle diameter very little, and oversize is that particle is larger, fermented not
Complete material.The incomplete material of this Partial digestion contains substantial amounts of superior microorganism still in the interstage of fermentation, compared with
Microbial bacterial agent on the market or not the operation of feed back more efficiently can be inoculated with for fresh material, increase microorganism
Amount, accelerate material programming rate, accelerate the degraded of organic matter and the desiccation of moisture.Meanwhile the incomplete thing of this Partial fermentation
Material realizes secondary degraded, improves equipment own resources efficiency.Finally, in three contrast tests, 1 seed hair is tested
It is substantially more preferable to indicate the decomposed degree of material in experiment 1 apparently higher than experiment 2 and experiment 3 for bud rate.
Experiment 1 and experiment 4 difference be：Experiment 4 has carried out feed back after plastics stripping does not sieve.Feed back operation be by
Feed back and fresh material are fermented according to certain ratio mixing, are tested 4 pairs of materials and are not sieved, hair is contained in feed back
The complete material of ferment, the moisture content of fresh material is have adjusted to a certain extent, but the inoculation for microorganism is without the effect of experiment 1
Fruit is obvious, and microbe inoculation amount is on the low side.And because the particle diameter of decomposed material is smaller, the hole between fresh material is plugged, is made
Into sluggish in air circulation, anoxic even anaerobic environment is formed, is unfavorable for aerobic fermentation.
Experiment 1 and experiment 5 difference be：The fresh material of experiment 5 does not identify by front end classification garbage can, is mixed into
Many non-rubbishes from cooking, material heating rate are decreased obviously, and the content of organic matter is low, and its degradation rate is relatively low, final material fermentation
Not exclusively, decomposed degree is low.
Experiment 1 and experiment 6 difference be：Experiment 6 employs the circular fermentation cylinder in embodiment 3, and originally material heating is just
Often, when a large amount of microbial degradation organic matters, substantial amounts of heat is generated.It is changed into after moisture absorption among material heat
Vapor evaporation rises, and is partly pulled out fermentation cylinder, and the steam for having little time to take away up runs into that to be condensed into liquid behind cylinder top attached
At top, surface of material is fallen to again after pooling drop afterwards.The specific heat capacity of water is very big, and a large amount of condensed waters absorb heat
Amount, reduces the temperature of material in itself, has slowed down the process of whole fermentation, finally have impact on rotten degree and water after material fermentation
Divide and remove.
Embodiment described above is a kind of preferable scheme of the present invention, and so it is not intended to limiting the invention.Have
The those of ordinary skill of technical field is closed, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes can also be made
Change and modification.Therefore the technical scheme that all modes for taking equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation are obtained, the guarantor of the present invention is all fallen within
In the range of shield.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of house refuse installation for fermenting, it is characterised in that including round, heater, aerator and pumping dress
Put；Wherein the inner cavity top of round forms triangle by two inclined-planes, and guiding gutter is provided with below the inclined-plane of both sides, uses
The condensed water being condensed in fermentation process on inclined-plane is collected, and prevents it to be back to again in material；Described heating
Device is used to heat the material in round, and described aerator is used to blast air into round, institute
The air extractor stated is used to extract the gas in round out.
2. house refuse installation for fermenting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that per have on skew back face a plurality of interval setting and
Parallel guiding gutter.
3. house refuse installation for fermenting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the lower surface of described cold guiding gutter is in light
Sliding is streamlined, for preventing the condensed water for being condensed in lower surface from directly dropping down onto in material.
4. house refuse installation for fermenting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described guiding gutter end picks out fermentation and held
Outside device, for condensed water to be discharged into round.
5. house refuse installation for fermenting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described agitating device includes：
One central shaft；
One conveyor screw for being used to axially push material, conveyor screw are fixed on the central shaft side and from shaft ends to axle with one heart
Centre position is in tapering type extension；
And some stirrer paddles, stirrer paddle are coaxially fixed on the central shaft opposite side with conveyor screw；
Central shaft is arranged concentrically in cylinder, and cylinder sets charging aperture close to conveyor screw side, is provided with close to stirrer paddle side
Discharging opening.
6. a kind of house refuse is reduced resource integrated equipment, it is characterised in that equipment body locates below ground level, and provided with use
In the lifting structures that equipment body lifting is gone out to ground；Equipment body includes the fermentation dress described in breaker, claim 1
Put, screening plant and feeding back device, described breaker are arranged at below the charging aperture of equipment body, the discharging of breaker
The charging aperture of mouthful connection round, the rubbish that the charging aperture of slave unit main body is fallen is after breaker is broken, into fermentation
Container ferments；The discharging opening rear end connection screening plant of round, screenings are collected by collection device, and oversize is filled by feed back
Put and be delivered in breaker, mixed with new refuse broken；The Waste gas outlet and discharge of wastewater mouth of round connect respectively
It is connected to processing unit.
7. house refuse as claimed in claim 6 is reduced resource integrated equipment, it is characterised in that also including dustbin, rubbish
Rubbish bucket is arranged on ground, and rubbish bottom of the barrel opens up the garbage outlet of controllable opening and closing, and garbage outlet the service of connection devices main body is entered
Material mouth.
8. house refuse as claimed in claim 7 is reduced resource integrated equipment, it is characterised in that described rubbish bottom of the barrel
The color for being used to identify refuse bag color in bucket is provided with provided with the pressure sensor for sensing garbage weight in bucket, and in bucket to pass
Sensor senses the concentration equipment for whether having metal in rubbish with being used for, and pressure sensor, color sensor and concentration equipment connect
Control device is connected to, the opening and closing for feedback control garbage outlet.
9. house refuse as claimed in claim 6 is reduced resource integrated equipment, it is characterised in that described collection device
And/or processing unit is separately provided with the lifting structures for its lifting to be gone out to ground.
10. a kind of house refuse using integration apparatus as claimed in claim 8 is reduced method of resource, it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps：
1) after rubbish is introduced into dustbin, rubbish classification is identified with concentration equipment by color sensor, if recognizing
The sorting rubbish bag of entrance is non-targeted color or recognizes and metal in rubbish be present, then dustbin sends alert notification and tiped rubbish
Person takes the rubbish away；The pressure sensor record weight that rubbish bottom of the barrel is set, if the rubbish in dustbin exceedes weight threshold
And when non-targeted color refuse bag or metal is not present in internal rubbish, dustbin bottom opening is opened, enter rubbish broken
Crushing device；
2) mixed material is broken after device crushes and entered in installation for fermenting, and rubbish is completed aerobic under the cooperation stirred and be aerated
Ferment, the condensed water that inner cavity top is condensed in fermentation process goes out installation for fermenting by diversion tank platoon；Decomposed material after fermentation
Enter screening plant from the discharging opening of installation for fermenting, oversize enters feeding back device, and screenings is collected into collection device；
3) collect to be lifted to more than ground by the collection device timing of screenings and carry out cleaning outward transport, and oversize blows by plastics
It is delivered in breaker by feeding back device after de-, is together broken as feed back and Fresh Life rubbish；
4) processing unit is periodically lifted to more than ground, complete waste water outward transport or replacement after be down to again ground with
Under.
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| CN201710564145.8A CN107363073B (en) | 2017-07-12 | 2017-07-12 | House refuse installation for fermenting and the resource integrated apparatus and method of decrement |
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| CN108409363A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-08-17 | 荆门尚迪环保科技有限公司 | A kind of bubble manure fermentation tower sunlight heats canopy |
| CN108941164A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-12-07 | 北京首创环境科技有限公司 | A kind of makeup of rubbish quick composting is set and processing method |
| CN109220557A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-18 | 天津绿圣蓬源农业科技开发有限公司 | It is a kind of to be aerated high-efficient bottle cultivated edible fungi substrate fermentation device |
| CN110102556A (en) * | 2019-04-14 | 2019-08-09 | 苏州特高昂环保工程技术有限公司 | A kind of recycling system and method for house refuse |
| CN111594854A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-28 | 南京信业能源科技有限公司 | Method for judging sufficiency of waste fermentation in waste incineration plant |
| WO2021120822A1 (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-24 | 浙江大学 | Biological drying device and method having continuous material feeding and full mixing and having no heating period |
| CN114907156A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-16 | 陕西省生物农业研究所 | Novel organic fertilizer decomposing method and device |
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