CN105436193A - Stirring device capable of realizing cascading fermentation of solid waste and reactor - Google Patents

Stirring device capable of realizing cascading fermentation of solid waste and reactor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105436193A
CN105436193A CN201510981168.XA CN201510981168A CN105436193A CN 105436193 A CN105436193 A CN 105436193A CN 201510981168 A CN201510981168 A CN 201510981168A CN 105436193 A CN105436193 A CN 105436193A
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solid waste
reactor
central shaft
fermentation
agitating device
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CN105436193B (en
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吴伟祥
王昊书
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a stirring device capable of realizing cascading fermentation of solid waste and a reactor. The stirring device comprises a center shaft, a conveying screw and a plurality of stirring blades, wherein the conveying screw is used for axially pushing materials, is concentrically fixed on one side of the center shaft and extends from the shaft end to the middle of the shaft in tapered manner; the stirring blades and the conveying screw are coaxially fixed on the other side of the center shaft. The stirring device can be arranged in a barrel to form the reactor used for the solid waste. The layout standard of the stirring blades is that the axial thrust along the center shaft is not generated in the rotation process. Thus, a layered fermentation system can be formed in the reactor. The system can greatly reduce the mixing ratio of new and old materials, effectively control the standing time of solid materials in the reactor, improve the degradation efficiency of output materials, and increase the final product quality.

Description

Agitating device and the reactor of the fermentation of solid waste layer-transferred can be realized
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of solid waste treatment, especially relate to a kind of agitating device and the reactor that realize the fermentation of solid waste layer-transferred.
Background technology
Since reform and opening-up, China's industrialization, urbanization fast development, productive life solid waste generation occupies the first in the world for a long time, and waste management and the safe disposal system of scientific system are not yet formed, and accumulative volume of cargo in storage has exceeded 20,000,000,000 tons.Particularly Economic Development enters new normality, and solid waste produces quantity and increases sharply.As Industrial Solid Waste year generation more than 3,000,000,000 tons, comprehensive utilization ratio about 60%, annual newly-increased 1,000,000,000 tons of heavily contaminated solid wastes are effectively disposed; Solid waste year generation in cities and towns is more than 2,000,000,000 tons, and resource utilization rate is less than 50%, and many municipal refuses nowhere can landfill.Accelerate changing waste into resources and effectively can reduce the problem of environmental pollution that refuse stores up initiation, and the demand that will significantly reduce primary exploitation of mineral resources, to realizing, target for energy-saving and emission-reduction contribution is huge.
The processing method of rubbish is a lot: compost, landfill, burning, fluid bed combustion gas, garbage fuel, rubbish throwing sea, rubbish breeding earthworm, rubbish do road-making material, producing bricks from refuse, rubbish oil, fiber saccharification technology, useless fiber feedstuff technology, rubbish steel-making, rubbish product natural pond technology etc., and wherein conventional processing mode has compost, landfill, burning.Compost is under the process conditions such as moisture content, temperature, ventilation, carbon-nitrogen ratio controlling rubbish, utilizes microorganism to degrade to the organic matter in rubbish, becomes the organic fertilizer with good stability.The resource that compost can realize rubbish is recycled, and is therefore a kind of trash processing way with long term growth prospect.
At present, have developed some biomass solid wastes resource Reduction Technology and equipments, but seriously, the problems such as the time of staying is uncontrollable, and exported product is of poor quality, seriously restrict its market-oriented prospect to there is material and later stage mixing of materials in earlier stage.
The one that patent discloses being CN99223087.X as publication number is made up of crushing mechanism, rabbling mechanism and cylindrical shell, and wherein crushing mechanism and rabbling mechanism share a main shaft, are together installed in the cylindrical shell with heating member.Although this device can realize compost function, in actual use, because new marine store is piled all in the lump in reaction chamber, therefore cannot realize layer-transferred fermentation, the fermentation of discontinuous can only be used for.
For another example publication number be CN201220237876.4 patent discloses a kind of closed sludge drying fertilize preparation machine, its motor, decelerator, mixer are connected successively and are arranged in the frame in closure casing, and mixer is biaxial rneader.Although this device can realize the continuous propelling of material, due to the use of biaxial rneader, the material newly entered can be mixed with marine store rapidly, is more namely discharged fertilize preparation machine before fully fermenting, and greatly reduces the attenuation degree of discharging thus.
The core difficult problem that solid waste in-situ fermentation exists is that residence time of material is long, material becomes thoroughly decomposed uneven, the main cause causing this problem to produce is that the mixing of materials of the different time of staying is excessive, particularly in dynamic response device, when there is biological respinse, between material, axial backmixing rate is higher, causes the time of staying that accurately cannot control material.Therefore, active demand exploitation is a kind of realizes the independent controlled layer-transferred biofermentation reactor of solid waste, effectively solves a biomass castoff highly effective and safe application technology as the second resource difficult problem.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect of technology or equipment in background technology, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of agitating device and the reactor that realize the fermentation of solid waste layer-transferred, have and realize solid waste significantly decrement recycling, residence time of material is long and controlled, obtains the advantages such as high-quality product.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Realize an agitating device for solid waste layer-transferred fermentation, comprising: a central shaft; One for axially pushing the conveyor screw of material, is fixed on this central shaft side with one heart and is tapering type extension from axle head to axle centre position; And some stirrer paddles, be coaxially fixed on this central shaft opposite side with conveyor screw.Agitating device is fixed in reactor, is pushed by the material entering reactor by conveyor screw along convergent direction, arrives stirrer paddle region.Stirrer paddle, by stirring material, makes it fully mix and ferment.The material fermented the most at last exports to outside reactor, realizes processing continuously.
As preferably, described central shaft is hollow shaft.Hollow shaft can alleviate the weight of agitating device greatly.
As preferably, the laying standard of described some stirrer paddles is: the propelling movement power not producing centrally axle axis in rotary course.In fill process, if stop charging, then conveyor screw can not produce propelling movement power to the bank body in reactor, and the pushed circumferential stirring only receiving stirrer paddle to stirrer paddle, but can not pushed outwardsly further give.Therefore, the same batch of material entered all can concentrate in a certain FX, and can not with the mixing of materials of other batches.Current one batch of material entered is fermented to time to a certain degree, can add materials in conveyor screw further, utilizes new material outwards to be pushed by fermented-material, forms layering fermentation system in reactor.This system can reduce the composite rate of new marine store greatly, effectively controls the solid material time of staying in the reactor, improves the degradation efficiency of outputting material, promotes end product quality.
And in order to increase the raising blade stirring rigidity of stirrer paddle, improve anti-interference intensity and toughness, as further preferred, described stirrer paddle cross section assumes diamond in shape, and rhombus major axis is axially parallel with central shaft.During stirring, stirrer paddle contacts material with largest face, fully stirs the material of blade periphery, makes it ferment evenly.
The preferred implementation of one as stirrer paddle, described some stirrer paddles are laid on the different sagittal planes of central shaft, and the paddle type that the stirrer paddle in each plane is formed is straight leaf open turbine formula.The blade of this formal distribution makes filler radially flow, and has axial stream hardly, the axial backmixing decreasing new and old storeroom of therefore trying one's best.
And as above-mentioned implementation further preferably, the stirrer paddle quantity on different sagittal plane equal and centrally the projection of axle axis direction overlap.The attitude be arranged on central shaft of the stirrer paddle namely on different sagittal plane is identical, not dislocation between blade.The blade that there is dislocation also can cause material to be advanced by discrete great-jump-forward, increases the axial backmixing rate of material.
And preferred further as the another kind of above-mentioned implementation, equidistant between described different sagittal planes.This makes material can with metastable speed charging, and the reaction of each section is comparatively even, is convenient to control.
Another object of the present invention is to based on above-mentioned agitating device, a kind of reactor realizing the fermentation of solid waste layer-transferred is provided.Reactor comprises the agitating device under cylindrical shell and aforementioned arbitrary preferred embodiment, and central shaft is arranged in cylindrical shell with one heart, and cylindrical shell establishes charging aperture near conveyor screw side, is provided with discharging opening near stirrer paddle side.This reactor can realize forming layering fermentation system by the agitating device of special construction, improves exported product quality.
One as this reactor is preferred, and described cylindrical shell both sides are sealed by detachable capping.The use of capping can be convenient to the installation of reactor, cleaning and maintenance.
Another kind as this reactor is preferred, and described central shaft two ends are supported by support member, and central shaft side is connected with drive unit and realizes rotating.Central shaft is intermittent rotation, and rotating speed is 3 ~ 7r/min.
Compared with background technology, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
Rotor in the reactor that the present invention relates to is the core component in reactor, except stirring capacity is strong, outside the advantages such as exchange capability of heat is strong, the most significant advantage is at tapering type spiral and stirrer paddle, and under the acting in conjunction of fresh material, can advance by material layer-transferred in realization response device, Different periods mixing of materials is less, effective control solid material time of staying in the reactor, improve the degradation efficiency of material, promote end product quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation realizing the agitating device of solid waste layer-transferred fermentation;
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic diagram realizing the reactor of solid waste layer-transferred fermentation;
Fig. 3 is that single shaft reactor of the present invention stirs mixing of materials schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is that in prior art, twin shaft reactor stirs mixing of materials schematic diagram.
In figure: 1, charging aperture, 2, discharging opening, 4, capping, 5, cylindrical shell, 6, support member, 7, stirrer paddle, 8, conveyor screw, 9, stirrer paddle.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.It should be noted that, the technical characteristic mentioned in the present invention, not having all can carry out independent assortment under conflicting prerequisite, is not construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of agitating device realizing the fermentation of solid waste layer-transferred, comprising: a central shaft 8; One for axially pushing the conveyor screw 7 of material, and being fixed on this central shaft 8 side with one heart, is that axisymmetrical distributes with central shaft.Conveyor screw 7 is tapering type extension from axle head to axle centre position.Conveyor screw 7 is large near feed end side diameter, and the diameter of close stirrer paddle 9 side is little.Central shaft 8 opposite side is fixed with some stirrer paddles 9 around axis body, and stirrer paddle 9 is coaxial with conveyor screw 7.During use, this central shaft 8 is fixed in reactor, and material pushes to stirrer paddle 9 place by conveyor screw 7.Stirrer paddle 9, by stirring material, makes it fully mix and ferment.The material fermented the most at last exports to outside reactor, realizes processing continuously.In present embodiment, in order to reduce the weight of agitating device, central shaft 8 adopts hollow shaft.
Traditional reactor in use, maximum problem is that new and old mixing of materials rate is too high, although inside reactor divides the fermentation maturity degree of material very high, but owing to new material and this partial material being mixed in whipping process, therefore not yet complete the material of sweat at output products without inevitably outputing a part simultaneously.Therefore, in order to solve this technical problem, the laying standard of stirrer paddle 9 is: the propelling movement power not producing centrally axle 8 axis in rotary course.Stirrer paddle 9 only stirs material for circumferential, and new material can not be pushed to marine store region, forms layering fermentation system in reactor.This system can reduce the composite rate of new marine store greatly, effectively controls the solid material time of staying in the reactor, improves the degradation efficiency of outputting material, promotes end product quality.
And in the process, consider well-beaten demand, stirrer paddle 9 cross section is set to assume diamond in shape shape, and rhombus major axis is axially parallel with central shaft 8.And the use of rhombus blade also can increase its rigidity and stability greatly, reduce the risk of blade fracture.
The stirrer paddle of above-mentioned condition has multiple layout type, have employed following manner in present embodiment: stirrer paddle 9 is laid on the different sagittal planes of central shaft 8, and the paddle type that the stirrer paddle 9 in each plane is formed is straight leaf open turbine formula.Specifically, namely so stirrer paddle is divided into some groups, often group is distributed in one with in the plane of central shaft 8 axes normal.Blade all adopts straight leaf, and distributes around the open turbine formula of axle circular array.Stirrer paddle and central shaft angle are 90 °, ensure that material makes filler radially flow in agitating device rear end, have axial stream hardly, significantly reduce axial backmixing ratio, ensure different fermentations time material rotten degree.
Although the blade distribution of straight leaf open turbine formula can greatly reduce axial backmixing, in actual test process, in Different Plane, the quantity of blade is different or arrange the axial Promoting effect that angle difference still can cause great-jump-forward.Therefore, in present embodiment, stirrer paddle 9 quantity on different sagittal plane equal and centrally axle 8 axis direction projection overlap.Namely on different sagittal plane, the stirrer paddle 9 of a certain angle is all on an axial plane of central shaft 8, the blade also equal same design of all the other angles.Thus, in whipping process, the material in reactor on different sagittal plane is all under the driving of stirrer paddle 9, and move in identical migration rule, axial displacement is reduced to minimum.
The spacing of the different sagittal planes that stirrer paddle is arranged can adjust according to the actual requirements, in the present embodiment, for the ease of the regulation and control of operating personnel, equidistant between different sagittal plane.
And based on above-mentioned agitating device, be installed in cylindrical shell 5, just define a kind of reactor realizing the fermentation of solid waste layer-transferred.As shown in Figure 2, the central shaft 8 of agitating device is arranged along the axis of cylindrical shell 5, and cylindrical shell 5 establishes charging aperture 1 near conveyor screw 7 side, is provided with discharging opening 2 near stirrer paddle 9 side.Conveyor screw 7 and stirrer paddle 9 axial length are than 1/5 ~ 1/8.The material that charging aperture 1 falls is carried by conveyor screw 7.Cylindrical shell 5 both sides are sealed by detachable capping 4.Central shaft 8 two ends are supported by support member 6.In present embodiment, support member 6 adopts bearing.Be connected with reducing motor and realize rotating outside the capping 4 that cylindrical shell is stretched out in central shaft 8 side.Central shaft 8 is intermittent rotation, and rotating speed is 3 ~ 7r/min.
Operation principle and the process of reactor of the present invention are as follows:
The solid waste collected enters reactor by charging aperture 1, and material pushes to stirrer paddle 9 place by conveyor screw 7.In stirrer paddle 9 region by temperature control, control ventilation, carry out in-situ fermentation, by the batch (-type) effect of stirrer paddle 9 in sweat, realize the strong stirring of material at circumferencial direction, but axial backmixing effect is more weak, thus realize layer-transferred fermentation, effectively control the time of staying of fermentation materials.
The core difficult problem that solid waste in-situ fermentation exists is that residence time of material is long, material becomes thoroughly decomposed uneven, the main cause causing this problem to produce is that the mixing of materials of the different time of staying is excessive, particularly in dynamic response device, when there is biological respinse, between material, axial backmixing rate is higher, causes the time of staying that accurately cannot control material.At present, on market, existing twin axle reactor arranges two shafts side by side at inside reactor usually.In order to form contrast, by single axle reactor of the present invention and twin axle reactor, by using the modeling of EDEM discrete element, calculating simulation is carried out to its axial backmixing rate.As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4 (what show in Fig. 3 is the situation of two reactor couplings), difform particle represents the material of different batches, shows the mixing of materials state after shaft pushes in figure.Found by simulation, twin axle reactor is while realizing material laminar flow, and axial backmixing rate reaches more than 42%; And single axle reactor is found by simulation, axial backmixing rate is only 17%, is obviously better than twin axle reactor.In effective realization response device, the layer-transferred fermentation of material is particularly applicable to layering fermentation, and Different periods mixing of materials ratio is little, ensures that the same period fully mixes simultaneously, fully contact with medium, microorganism, the time of staying of accurate control each section of material, improve Fermentation efficiency, ensure product quality.Compared to twin axle reactor, it is more than the twice of twin axle reactor that single axle reactor obtains product rotten degree (percentage of seedgermination), can reach more than 50%.
The drawings and the specific embodiments of the present invention all only understand essence of an invention better for those skilled in the art, are not construed as limiting invention protection domain.Any technical scheme belonged within spirit of the present invention all belongs to protection domain.

Claims (10)

1. can realize an agitating device for solid waste layer-transferred fermentation, it is characterized in that, comprising:
One central shaft (8);
One for axially pushing the conveyor screw (7) of material, is fixed on this central shaft (8) side with one heart and is tapering type extension from axle head to axle centre position; And
Some stirrer paddles (9), are coaxially fixed on this central shaft (8) opposite side with conveyor screw (7).
2. can realize the agitating device of solid waste layer-transferred fermentation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described central shaft (8) is hollow shaft.
3. can realize the agitating device of solid waste layer-transferred fermentation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the laying standard of described some stirrer paddles (9) is: in rotary course, do not produce the propelling movement power that centrally axle (8) is axial.
4. can realize the agitating device of solid waste layer-transferred fermentation as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described stirrer paddle (9) cross section assumes diamond in shape, and rhombus major axis is axially parallel with central shaft (8).
5. can realize the agitating device of solid waste layer-transferred fermentation as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described some stirrer paddles (9) are laid on the different sagittal planes of central shaft (8), and the paddle type that the stirrer paddle (9) in each plane is formed is straight leaf open turbine formula.
6. can realize as claimed in claim 5 solid waste layer-transferred fermentation agitating device, it is characterized in that, stirrer paddle (9) quantity on different sagittal plane equal and centrally axle (8) axis direction projection overlap.
7. can realize the agitating device of solid waste layer-transferred fermentation as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, equidistant between described different sagittal planes.
8. one kind can realize the reactor of solid waste layer-transferred fermentation, it is characterized in that: comprise arbitrary described agitating device in cylindrical shell (5) and claim 1 ~ 7, central shaft (8) is arranged in cylindrical shell (5) with one heart, cylindrical shell (5) establishes charging aperture (1) near conveyor screw (7) side, is provided with discharging opening (2) near stirrer paddle (9) side.
9. can realize the reactor of solid waste layer-transferred fermentation as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: described cylindrical shell (5) both sides are sealed by detachable capping (4).
10. can realize the reactor of solid waste layer-transferred fermentation as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: described central shaft (8) two ends are supported by support member (6), and central shaft (8) side is connected with drive unit and realizes rotating; Central shaft (8) is intermittent rotation, and rotating speed is 3 ~ 7r/min.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107363073A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-11-21 浙江大学 House refuse installation for fermenting and the resource integrated apparatus and method of decrement
CN112608174A (en) * 2020-12-09 2021-04-06 南京大学 Intestinal bionic tubular aerobic composting device, system and method
CN116874318A (en) * 2023-08-04 2023-10-13 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 Multisource organic solid waste aerobic fermentation reactor

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2131833Y (en) * 1992-01-22 1993-05-05 王大年 Spiral sealing unit for conveyer
CN201423713Y (en) * 2009-04-20 2010-03-17 嘉兴市天龙机械设备有限公司 Continuous single spindle horizontal-type mixer
CN101811098A (en) * 2010-04-14 2010-08-25 天津大学 Novel centrifuger stirring material feeding equipment and application
CN203737156U (en) * 2014-02-19 2014-07-30 阮祺 Helical ribbon agitator
CN104084071A (en) * 2014-07-19 2014-10-08 苏州创维晟自动化科技有限公司 Stirrer
CN205518937U (en) * 2015-12-23 2016-08-31 浙江大学 Solid waste layer be can realize and agitating unit and reactor of formula fermentation are passed

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2131833Y (en) * 1992-01-22 1993-05-05 王大年 Spiral sealing unit for conveyer
CN201423713Y (en) * 2009-04-20 2010-03-17 嘉兴市天龙机械设备有限公司 Continuous single spindle horizontal-type mixer
CN101811098A (en) * 2010-04-14 2010-08-25 天津大学 Novel centrifuger stirring material feeding equipment and application
CN203737156U (en) * 2014-02-19 2014-07-30 阮祺 Helical ribbon agitator
CN104084071A (en) * 2014-07-19 2014-10-08 苏州创维晟自动化科技有限公司 Stirrer
CN205518937U (en) * 2015-12-23 2016-08-31 浙江大学 Solid waste layer be can realize and agitating unit and reactor of formula fermentation are passed

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107363073A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-11-21 浙江大学 House refuse installation for fermenting and the resource integrated apparatus and method of decrement
CN107363073B (en) * 2017-07-12 2018-05-08 浙江大学 House refuse installation for fermenting and the resource integrated apparatus and method of decrement
CN112608174A (en) * 2020-12-09 2021-04-06 南京大学 Intestinal bionic tubular aerobic composting device, system and method
CN116874318A (en) * 2023-08-04 2023-10-13 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 Multisource organic solid waste aerobic fermentation reactor
CN116874318B (en) * 2023-08-04 2024-10-11 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 Multisource organic solid waste aerobic fermentation reactor

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