CN212174935U - Horizontal plug flow type continuous dry fermentation device - Google Patents
Horizontal plug flow type continuous dry fermentation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN212174935U CN212174935U CN202020487006.7U CN202020487006U CN212174935U CN 212174935 U CN212174935 U CN 212174935U CN 202020487006 U CN202020487006 U CN 202020487006U CN 212174935 U CN212174935 U CN 212174935U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a horizontal plug flow type continuous dry fermentation device, which relates to the technical field of material fermentation and comprises a fermentation device body, wherein the top of the front end of the fermentation device body is provided with a feed inlet, and the bottom of the rear end of the fermentation device body is provided with a discharge outlet; the outer wall of the fermentation device body is provided with a heat preservation device, the interior of the fermentation device body is provided with a stirring device, the stirring device comprises a stirring shaft and a stirrer, the stirring shaft is arranged in the middle of the fermentation device body in parallel, the stirring shaft is connected with a driving device, and the stirring shaft is provided with a plurality of stirrers; the fermentation device body comprises a plurality of fermentation device modules which are detachably connected, and the plurality of fermentation device modules are sequentially communicated; the top of the fermentation device module is connected with a biogas pipe. The utility model discloses well mixing material strengthens the inside mass transfer heat transfer of fermenting installation, improves anaerobic digestion system stability and efficiency, adopts modular mosaic structure, is convenient for assemble, change, make, maintain and overhaul.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a material fermentation technical field especially relates to a continuous dry fermentation device of horizontal plug flow formula.
Background
The agricultural waste yield of China is huge, 9 hundred million tons of crop straws and 38 hundred million tons of livestock and poultry excrement can be collected every year, potential threats are brought to human living environment, and a great amount of resource potential is also included. The anaerobic fermentation mode is adopted to treat the wastes with high organic matter content such as livestock manure, crop straws and the like, so that the harmless and reduction treatment of the organic wastes can be promoted, the resource and energy utilization can be realized, clean energy can be produced, the energy structure improvement can be promoted, the rural living environment can be improved, and the sustainable development of economy and society in rural areas can be finally realized.
At present, the anaerobic fermentation technology is mainly based on traditional wet fermentation, and the water content of materials is generally more than 90%. On one hand, in order to meet the medium-temperature or high-temperature condition required by fermentation, organic matters and water need to be heated completely, so that the energy consumption is greatly increased; on the other hand, the water content of the fermented biogas residues still reaches more than 70 percent, which brings difficulty to further comprehensive treatment, and simultaneously, a large amount of biogas slurry is difficult to be absorbed, which is easy to cause secondary pollution. The dry fermentation technology has the advantages of high concentration of fermentation materials, wide adaptability of raw materials, basically no biogas slurry generation and the like, and is increasingly and widely concerned by people. The dry fermentation technology can be divided into batch type and continuous type according to the feeding, discharging and operation modes.
The batch dry fermentation technology adopts a full-in full-out batch fermentation mode, a typical batch dry fermentation system is shown in figure 1, the system adopts an intermittent batch fermentation mode, gas production is discontinuous, gas production peaks and valleys can occur due to the stage and the discontinuity of production, the yield and the gas components of methane are unstable, and the environment regulation capacity is poor.
The continuous anaerobic dry fermentation technology is a newly-developed anaerobic fermentation technology, and compared with the sequencing batch dry anaerobic fermentation technology, the technology has the advantages of continuous and stable gas production, high dry matter degradation rate and the like. As shown in figures 2 and 3, the current continuous anaerobic dry fermentation device mainly has two forms, one is vertical plug flow type (vertical type) and the other is horizontal plug flow type (horizontal type), has more application cases abroad, and has relatively less domestic application. However, the devices are mainly used for treating municipal domestic garbage, have poor adaptability aiming at organic wastes such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straws and the like which are generated in large quantity in China, and have poor flowability due to high solid content rate, the vertical plug-flow type continuous dry fermentation device has high manufacturing and installation difficulty, and when the solid content rate of the materials is high, the problems of difficult feeding and discharging, short service life of feeding and discharging equipment, poor operation stability and the like easily occur; the horizontal continuous dry fermentation device usually adopts a central shaft screw conveying mode, has small monomer volume, uneven stirring and difficult mass transfer, and is easy to cause the unbalance of microbial habitat environment.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a new lateral plug flow continuous dry fermentation device to solve the above problems in the prior art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a continuous dry fermenting installation of horizontal plug flow formula to solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, abundant mixing material strengthens the inside mass transfer heat transfer of fermenting installation, improves anaerobic digestion system stability and efficiency, adopts modular mosaic structure, is convenient for assemble, change, make, maintain and overhaul.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following scheme: the utility model provides a cross-flow type continuous dry fermentation device, which comprises a fermentation device body, wherein the top of the front end of the fermentation device body is provided with a feed inlet, and the bottom of the rear end of the fermentation device body is provided with a discharge outlet; the fermentation device comprises a fermentation device body, wherein a heat preservation device is arranged on the outer wall of the fermentation device body, a stirring device is arranged inside the fermentation device body, the stirring device comprises a stirring shaft and stirrers, the stirring shaft is arranged in the middle of the fermentation device body in parallel, the stirring shaft is connected with a driving device, and a plurality of stirrers are arranged on the stirring shaft; the fermentation device body comprises a plurality of fermentation device modules which are detachably connected, and the plurality of fermentation device modules are sequentially communicated; the top of the fermentation device module is connected with a biogas pipe.
Preferably, the stirrer comprises a plurality of stirring arms arranged radially on the stirring shaft; and one ends of the stirring arms far away from the stirring shaft are connected through a support ring.
Preferably, the stirring arm is provided with a stirring blade or is not provided with a stirring blade, and the stirring blade and the longitudinal direction of the fermentation device body form an angle.
Preferably, the adjacent stirrers are separated by 3-4 meters, and the longitudinal included angle between each stirring blade and the fermentation device body is 135-175 degrees.
Preferably, the fermentation device module comprises a first fermentation device module and a second fermentation device module, and a third fermentation device module is arranged between the first fermentation device module and the second fermentation device module.
Preferably, the feeding hole is provided with a feeding device, the top of the feeding device is provided with a hopper, and the discharging hole is provided with a discharging device.
Preferably, the feeding device is a star-shaped feeder, the discharging device is a variable-diameter spiral discharger, and the diameter of the variable-diameter spiral discharger is gradually reduced from top to bottom.
Preferably, a discharging well is arranged below the discharging device, and the discharging well is connected with a screw conveyor.
Preferably, the inner bottom of the fermentation device body is provided with a support frame for supporting the stirring shaft, and the stirring shaft is rotatably connected with the top of the support frame.
The utility model discloses for prior art gain following technological effect:
1. the continuous dry fermentation is realized, the mass transfer effect is good, the stirring is uniform, the system is stable, and the operation cost is low;
2. the manufacturing and installation difficulty is reduced, the transportation is convenient, and the modules can be assembled according to the requirements;
3. the fermentation device modules in the middle part are spare tank bodies, so that rapid replacement or maintenance can be realized, and the risk resistance is strong;
4. the feeding device is simple, the efficiency is high, and the effect is good;
5. realize the normal discharge of high concentration material, difficult appearance is blockked up.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a conventional batch type dry fermentation apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a vertical continuous dry fermentation apparatus according to the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a horizontal type continuous dry fermentation apparatus in the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a middle cross-flow continuous dry fermentation apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the stirrer of the present invention;
wherein, 1 is feed arrangement, 2 is the fermenting installation body, 3 is the natural pond trachea, 4 are discharging device, 5 are screw conveyer, 6 are the unloading well, 7 are the agitator, 8 are the (mixing) shaft, 9 are first fermenting installation module, 10 are the support frame, 11 are second fermenting installation module, 7.1 are the support ring, 7.2 are the rabbling arm, 7.3 are stirring vane.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
Example one
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the present embodiment provides a cross-flow continuous dry fermentation apparatus, which includes a fermentation apparatus body 2, a feeding hole is disposed at the top of the front end of the fermentation apparatus body 2, and a discharging hole is disposed at the bottom of the rear end of the fermentation apparatus body 2; the outer wall of the fermentation device body 2 is provided with a heat preservation device, specifically, the heat preservation device comprises a heating coil arranged on the inner side of the outer wall of the fermentation device body 2 and used for ensuring medium-temperature or high-temperature fermentation conditions required by anaerobic digestion, wherein the heating coil generally adopts a hot water pipe or a steam pipe; the fermentation device comprises a fermentation device body 2, wherein a stirring device is arranged in the fermentation device body 2 and can actively push materials, the stirring device comprises a stirring shaft 8 and a stirrer 7, the stirring shaft 8 is arranged in the middle of the fermentation device body 2 in parallel and is rotationally connected with the fermentation device body 2, the stirring shaft 8 is connected with a driving device, the driving device can adopt a driving motor and the like, and the stirring shaft 8 is provided with a plurality of stirrers 7 for stirring and mixing the materials in the fermentation device; the fermentation device body 2 is a horizontal elongated canned structure, has a modular structure and comprises a plurality of fermentation device modules which are detachably connected, and the fermentation device modules are sequentially communicated; the top of the fermentation device module is connected with a biogas pipe 3.
In this embodiment, the fermentation device module includes a first fermentation device module 9 and a second fermentation device module 11, the first fermentation device module 9 is used for receiving organic materials such as livestock and poultry manure, straws and the like, and the second fermentation device module 11 is provided with a material outlet; a plurality of third fermentation device modules can be arranged between the first fermentation device module 9 and the second fermentation device module 11 and spliced in the longitudinal direction; when splicing, the steel plate of the left fermentation device module and the steel plate of the right fermentation device module are symmetrically butted, pressing plates are arranged on two sides of the butted part of the left module steel plate and the right module steel plate, the pressing plates and the left module steel plate and the right module steel plate are fixed through bolts and nuts (the bolts can adopt different specifications and arrangement modes), sealing rubber or sealant is arranged between the pressing plates and the left module steel plate and the right module steel plate, and gaskets are arranged between the nuts and the pressing plates; because the splicing module steel plates adopt longitudinal and transverse butt joint modes and are connected, fixed and sealed through the pressing plate, the bolts and the sealing rubber to form splicing, the forces in the left direction and the right direction of the bolts which are connected and fixed are at the same stress point, and the generation of shearing force is avoided; the third fermenting installation module of mid portion is each other for reserve jar body, can realize swift change or maintenance, and anti-risk ability is strong.
The modular splicing structure is adopted in the embodiment, so that the assembly, the replacement, the manufacture, the maintenance and the overhaul are convenient; the number of the fermentation device modules can be set according to the parameter requirements of the material such as the characteristics, the residence time and the like; convenient transportation and installation and short construction period.
In the present embodiment, said stirrer 7 comprises a plurality of stirring arms 7.2, said plurality of stirring arms 7.2 being radially arranged on said stirring axle 8; the ends, far away from the stirring shaft 8, of the stirring arms 7.2 are connected through support rings 7.1, and the support rings 7.1 are used for increasing the strength of the stirring arms 7.2.
When the stirrer 7 rotates, the stirring arm 7.2 is used for mixing materials, the stirring blade 7.3 is installed on the stirring arm 7.2, and the stirring blade 7.3 is angled relative to the longitudinal direction of the fermentation device body 2 and used for moving the organic materials along the longitudinal direction of the fermentation device body 2 when the stirrer 7 rotates. The agitator arm 7.2 can thus act as a propeller blade for the transport of material in the longitudinal direction of the fermenter body 2, the mutual relationship between the transport effect and the mixing effect being adjustable by the design of the agitator blade 7.3. The stirring arm 7.2 may be provided with the stirring blade 7.3 or without the stirring blade 7.3 as required. (the stirrer 7 is separated by 3-4 meters, and the longitudinal included angle between the stirring blade 7.3 and the fermentation device body 2 is 135-175 degrees).
The stirrer 7 with the structure can uniformly mix materials, strengthen the mass and heat transfer in the fermentation device, improve the stability and efficiency of the anaerobic digestion system and shorten the hydraulic retention time of the materials.
In this embodiment, the feed inlet is provided with feed arrangement 1, and the top of feed arrangement 1 is provided with the hopper, the discharge gate is provided with discharging device 4.
Specifically, the feeding device 1 is a star-shaped feeder, the cross section of which may be in the shape of a plurality of angles (in fig. 4, a five-pointed star) for feeding and sealing the fermenter from the outside; the feeding device 1 has simple structure, high efficiency and good effect.
The discharging device 4 is a variable-diameter spiral discharger or adopts an existing similar variable-diameter spiral auger structure, and the diameter of the variable-diameter spiral discharger is gradually reduced from top to bottom; a discharging well 6 is arranged below the discharging device 4, and the discharging well 6 is connected with a screw conveyor 5. The material is at first discharged outside fermenting installation body 2 through variable diameter spiral discharger (by last diameter diminish gradually down), further discharges through screw conveyer 5 again, realizes the normal discharge of high concentration material, is difficult for appearing blockking up.
In this embodiment, a support frame 10 is disposed at the inner bottom of the fermentation device body 2 for supporting the stirring shaft 8, and the stirring shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the top of the support frame 10.
The embodiment also discloses a cross-flow type continuous dry fermentation method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, mounting a fermentation device body;
step two, regularly loading the organic waste into a hopper of a feeding device according to a fixed proportion every day;
the method is used for treating organic wastes such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straws, facility gardening garbage and the like, wherein materials with the same particle size such as the crop straws, the facility gardening garbage and the like need to be crushed, and the crushed particle size is generally 1-3 cm;
step three, after the organic waste is filled to a certain height (the material sealing state is achieved), opening a star-shaped feeder of the feeding device, and conveying the organic waste into the fermentation device body;
fully and uniformly mixing the organic wastes under the action of a stirrer, and moving the organic wastes from the first fermentation device module to the second fermentation device module under the action of a stirring blade;
in the fermentation process, the materials are fully and uniformly mixed under the action of the stirrer, and slowly move from one end of the fermentation device body to the other end under the action of the stirring blades, so that the retention time of the materials in the fermentation device body can be set according to the characteristics of the materials, and the rotating speed, the frequency and the like of the stirrer are further set;
step five, maintaining the temperature condition required by anaerobic fermentation through a heat preservation device, specifically maintaining the medium temperature (about 35-40 ℃) or high temperature (55-60 ℃) condition required by the anaerobic fermentation; collecting and utilizing biogas generated in the anaerobic fermentation process through a biogas pipe;
and step six, discharging the fermented organic waste to a discharging well through a discharging device, and discharging the organic waste through a screw conveyor.
In the production process, materials are fed regularly every day, the anaerobic fermentation process is continuous, and the continuous treatment and utilization of organic wastes are realized; because the materials can keep continuous motion at a proper speed, the retention time of the materials can be obviously shorter than that of a batch fermentation tank, the treatment efficiency of the materials is higher, and the physical space required by each link of material storage, fermentation and the like is smaller.
The utility model discloses continuous dry fermentation device of horizontal plug-flow and method to the industry is used as the direction, realizes inoculum and substrate intensive mixing, promotes mass transfer heat transfer efficiency, realizes high-efficient steady operation, provides basis and reference data for the engineering application of horizontal plug-flow formula dry fermentation equipment.
The utility model discloses a concrete example is applied to explain the principle and the implementation mode of the utility model, and the explanation of the above example is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the utility model; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of the present invention, there are changes in the concrete implementation and the application scope. In summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A cross-flow type continuous dry fermentation device comprises a fermentation device body, wherein a feeding hole is formed in the top of the front end of the fermentation device body, and a discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the rear end of the fermentation device body; the method is characterized in that: the fermentation device comprises a fermentation device body, wherein a heat preservation device is arranged on the outer wall of the fermentation device body, a stirring device is arranged inside the fermentation device body, the stirring device comprises a stirring shaft and stirrers, the stirring shaft is arranged in the middle of the fermentation device body in parallel, the stirring shaft is connected with a driving device, and a plurality of stirrers are arranged on the stirring shaft; the fermentation device body comprises a plurality of fermentation device modules which are detachably connected, and the plurality of fermentation device modules are sequentially communicated; the top of the fermentation device module is connected with a biogas pipe.
2. The cross-flow continuous dry fermentation device of claim 1, wherein: the stirrer comprises a plurality of stirring arms which are radially arranged on the stirring shaft; and one ends of the stirring arms far away from the stirring shaft are connected through a support ring.
3. The cross-flow continuous dry fermentation device of claim 2, wherein: stirring arm is last to be provided with stirring vane or not to set up stirring vane, stirring vane with the vertical angularity of fermenting installation body.
4. The lateral plug-flow continuous dry fermentation device of claim 3, wherein: the adjacent stirrers are separated by 3-4 meters, and the longitudinal included angle between each stirring blade and the fermentation device body is 135-175 degrees.
5. The cross-flow continuous dry fermentation device of claim 1, wherein: the fermentation device module comprises a first fermentation device module and a second fermentation device module, and a third fermentation device module is arranged between the first fermentation device module and the second fermentation device module.
6. The cross-flow continuous dry fermentation device of claim 1, wherein: the feed inlet is provided with feed arrangement, and feed arrangement's top is provided with the hopper, the discharge gate is provided with discharging device.
7. The lateral plug-flow continuous dry fermentation device of claim 6, wherein: the feeding device is a star-shaped feeder, the discharging device is a variable-diameter spiral discharger, and the diameter of the variable-diameter spiral discharger is gradually reduced from top to bottom.
8. The cross-flow continuous dry fermentation device of claim 7, wherein: and a discharging well is arranged below the discharging device and is connected with a screw conveyor.
9. The cross-flow continuous dry fermentation device of claim 1, wherein: the inner bottom of the fermentation device body is provided with a support frame used for supporting the stirring shaft, and the stirring shaft is rotatably connected with the top of the support frame.
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| CN202020487006.7U CN212174935U (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Horizontal plug flow type continuous dry fermentation device |
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| CN202020487006.7U CN212174935U (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Horizontal plug flow type continuous dry fermentation device |
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