CN108456633B - High-solid-content organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation device - Google Patents
High-solid-content organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108456633B CN108456633B CN201810265865.9A CN201810265865A CN108456633B CN 108456633 B CN108456633 B CN 108456633B CN 201810265865 A CN201810265865 A CN 201810265865A CN 108456633 B CN108456633 B CN 108456633B
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- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 159
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 48
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/16—Solid state fermenters, e.g. for koji production
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/22—Transparent or translucent parts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/48—Holding appliances; Racks; Supports
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
- C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
- C12M27/06—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements with horizontal or inclined stirrer shaft or axis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
- C12M33/16—Screw conveyor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
- C12M41/18—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes
- C12M41/22—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes in contact with the bioreactor walls
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-solid organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation device. The existing dry anaerobic fermentation technology mostly adopts batch feeding, and the batch feeding has the defects of low organic load rate, low gas production efficiency, poor stability in the anaerobic fermentation process and poor impact resistance although the operation is simple. The invention discloses a high-solid organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation device, wherein: the stirring driving mechanism comprises a first stirring mechanism and a second stirring mechanism, the stirring driving mechanism is composed of a screw driver and a speed reducing mechanism and is arranged on a frame, and the frame is fixed at the center of a dish-shaped seal head of the anaerobic fermentation tank through a flange and a supporting ring. The invention has the advantages that: in the acidification-methanation ordered process, a more obvious acid-producing area and a more obvious methane-producing area are formed in the tank body, so that the polymerization effect of anaerobic fermentation bacteria is improved, and the inhibition effect of a large amount of accumulation of organic acid on the methane-producing bacteria is prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy utilization equipment, in particular to a high-solid organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation device.
Background
The anaerobic fermentation treatment of organic waste is a commonly adopted organic waste treatment method at present, and is widely applied and technically advanced in foreign countries. Along with the improvement of the requirements of China on organic waste treatment and the requirements on biogas energy sources, the transition from the traditional wet anaerobic fermentation process to the dry anaerobic fermentation process is a development trend of biogas engineering in the future.
The anaerobic fermentation biogas production technology is completed through four orderly processes of hydrolysis, acidification, acetic acid and methanation by the biochemical action of anaerobic microorganisms. Each process is accomplished by a different microorganism whose activity is also different from the environmental requirements. For example, methanogens that produce methane prefer weak alkalinity, and the acidification process can cause excessive accumulation of organic acids, resulting in reduced activity of the methanogens and even death, greatly affecting biogas production rate.
The existing dry anaerobic fermentation technology mostly adopts batch type (full in and full out) feeding, after materials enter a dry anaerobic fermentation tank, anaerobic fermentation reaction is started by inoculation or contact with original materials, and the batch type feeding has the defects that the operation is simple, but the batch type feeding has the following defects: 1. the organic load rate is low, and the hydraulic retention time is long; 2. the biochemical reactions in different stages are carried out simultaneously, so that the polymerization effect of the biochemical reactions of anaerobic microorganisms and the group enrichment principle of anaerobic bacteria are ignored, and the gas production efficiency is low; 3. if a stirring device is arranged in the dry anaerobic fermentation tank, only the effect of solid-liquid suspension is achieved, and the change of the viscosity of the material caused by the biochemical reaction is not well considered, so that the heat and mass transfer effect is poor; 4. the problems of poor stability, poor impact resistance and the like of the whole anaerobic fermentation process are caused by mutual interference and mutual drafting of anaerobic bacteria in an anaerobic acidification zone and a methane production zone.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the sequential anaerobic fermentation device for the high-solid organic waste, which solves a plurality of problems existing in the existing treatment of the high-solid organic waste, and by fully considering the requirements of the biological reaction in the anaerobic digestion fermentation tank, an anaerobic fermentation mixing device for actively pushing the materials is arranged, so that the materials are subjected to progressive reaction in an intermittent feeding mode according to the sequential acidification-methanation process, the sectional temperature detection and control are provided for different anaerobic biochemical actions, the polymerization effect of anaerobic fermentation bacteria is improved, and the simulation effect of a large amount of accumulation of organic acid on methanogens is prevented; in addition, under the pushing action of the mechanical stirring device, the materials are slowly pushed from the front-end acidification stage to the methanogenesis stage, so that the heat mass transfer and gas escape in the fermentation process of the high-solid-content materials can be promoted; the two anaerobic reaction stages have different requirements on stirring shearing force, suspension state and disturbance state, and the coaxial different-speed driving mode is favorable for improving stirring and mixing efficiency, avoids the inhibition effect among different anaerobic bacteria, and shortens the hydraulic retention time of anaerobic digesters. The stirring device has a simple structure and is convenient to manufacture, maintain and overhaul.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the high-solid organic waste sequential anaerobic fermentation device comprises a stirring driving mechanism, a stirring shaft, an anaerobic fermentation tank, a flange coupler, a frame, a plug flow type stirrer, a first stirring mechanism, a second stirring mechanism, a flange, a supporting ring, a disc-shaped sealing head, a cylindrical barrel, a first thermometer detection port, a first artificial observation port, a stirring paddle, an air pressure detection port, a second artificial observation port, an overflow discharge port, a heating jacket assembly, a first saddle, a second sand discharge port, a second saddle, a feed port, a first sand discharge port, a second thermometer detection port, a biogas outlet and a third thermometer detection port; wherein: the anaerobic fermentation tank main part comprises cylindrical barrel, anaerobic fermentation tank bottom fixed mounting is in first saddle, the second saddle top, anaerobic fermentation tank both ends fixed mounting is provided with dish type head, anaerobic fermentation tank one end bottom fixed mounting is provided with the feed inlet, anaerobic fermentation tank other end top fixed mounting is provided with overflow discharge gate, marsh gas outlet, anaerobic fermentation tank top is by the second saddle to first saddle direction fixed first thermometer detection mouth that has in proper order, first artificial viewing aperture, second thermometer detection mouth, the atmospheric pressure detection mouth, the second artificial viewing aperture, the third thermometer detection mouth, anaerobic fermentation tank bottom is by second saddle to first saddle direction fixed first sediment outflow mouth that has in proper order, the second sediment outflow mouth, plug-flow agitator fixed mounting is in anaerobic fermentation tank both ends, plug-flow agitator comprises (mixing) shaft, stirring actuating mechanism, the stirring rake is constituteed, stirring shaft both ends fixed mounting is in the dish type head center at anaerobic fermentation tank both ends, stirring actuating mechanism is fixed in anaerobic fermentation tank both ends outer wall through the frame, stirring actuating mechanism includes first rabbling mechanism, second rabbling mechanism, stirring mechanism for first rabbling mechanism is first rabbling mechanism, atmospheric pressure detection mouth, second artificial viewing aperture, second rabbling mouth detection mouth, anaerobic fermentation tank bottom is by second saddle to first saddle direction fixed flange, first saddle direction fixed in the flange, the flange is passed through the flange of rotating drive flange, the flange is passed through to the anaerobic fermentation machine, the upper half-drive flange is fixed to the frame, the flange, the stirring mechanism is passed through, and is fixed in the flange, and is rotated by the flange, and is rotated down to the flange, and is rotated by the flange, and is rotated.
An anaerobic fermentation device with high solid content and organic waste sequence, wherein: the anaerobic fermentation tank and the horizontal ground form an included angle of 2-4 degrees, the inner diameter of the anaerobic fermentation tank is 2200mm, the length is 15034mm, and the minimum thickness of the steel plate of the cylindrical barrel and the dish-shaped sealing head is 14mm.
An anaerobic fermentation device with high solid content and organic waste sequence, wherein: the stirring shaft is made of alloy steel with the thickness of 12mm, the structure is a sealed hollow metal cylinder, the stirring shaft is divided into a front section and a rear section according to the proportion of 1:1, the front section and the rear section of the stirring shaft are fixedly connected through a sliding coupling, the sliding coupling is fixedly supported on a barrel reinforcing section in the anaerobic fermentation tank through two shaft end bearings, stirring paddles are fixedly mounted on the stirring shaft, and the front section and the rear section of the stirring shaft are fixedly supported on two ends of the inner wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank through a first shaft middle bearing and a second shaft middle bearing.
An anaerobic fermentation device with high solid content and organic waste sequence, wherein: the stirring rake comprises baffle, down tube, intermediate lever, and the one end of intermediate lever and two down tubes is fixed in on the (mixing) shaft, is equipped with trapezoidal baffle between two down tubes, and trapezoidal baffle's hypotenuse is 60 contained angles with the intermediate lever, forms 85 contained angles between whole stirring rake and the (mixing) shaft, and the stirring rake is according to helix evenly arranged along the (mixing) shaft direction, and interval between two adjacent stirring rake is 350mm, and the contained angle is 30, and the top of intermediate lever is 50mm with anaerobic fermentation tank inner wall clearance.
An anaerobic fermentation device with high solid content and organic waste sequence, wherein: special stirring paddles are fixedly arranged in dish-shaped end sockets at two ends in the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the interval between the special stirring paddles and the adjacent stirring paddles is 275mm.
An anaerobic fermentation device with high solid content and organic waste sequence, wherein: the ratio of the length of the stirring paddle blade to the diameter of the anaerobic fermentation tank is 0.90-0.92.
An anaerobic fermentation device with high solid content and organic waste sequence, wherein: the heating jacket assembly consists of a jacket layer, the jacket layer is axially and averagely divided into a front section, a middle section and a rear section, the three jacket layers are mutually independent, an independent first hot water inlet, a second hot water inlet, a third hot water inlet, a first hot water outlet, a second hot water outlet, a third hot water outlet and a plurality of cleaning openings are respectively arranged, sectional temperature control is realized, the first hot water inlet, the second hot water inlet and the third hot water inlet are positioned at the lower edge of the jacket layer, the first hot water outlet, the second hot water outlet and the third hot water outlet are positioned at the upper edge of the jacket layer, the cleaning openings are positioned at the bottommost part of the jacket layer, the outside of the jacket layer and the outside of the anaerobic fermentation tank are respectively wrapped with a heat preservation layer, the interval distance between the jacket layer and the outer wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank is 30mm, and the hollow thickness of the heating jacket assembly is 30mm.
(III) beneficial effects
The invention provides a high-solid organic waste sequential anaerobic fermentation device, which has the advantages that: by fully considering the requirements of the biological reaction in the anaerobic digestion fermentation tank, an anaerobic fermentation mixing device for actively pushing the materials is arranged, so that the materials gradually react according to the ordered process of acidification-methanation under an intermittent feeding mode, the sectional temperature detection and control are provided for different anaerobic biochemical actions, the polymerization effect of anaerobic fermentation bacteria is improved, and the personification effect of a large amount of accumulated organic acids on methanogens is prevented; in addition, under the pushing action of the mechanical stirring device, the materials are slowly pushed from the front-end acidification stage to the methanogenesis stage, so that the heat mass transfer and gas escape in the fermentation process of the high-solid-content materials can be promoted; the two anaerobic reaction stages have different requirements on stirring shearing force, suspension state and disturbance state, and the coaxial different-speed driving mode is favorable for improving stirring and mixing efficiency, avoids the inhibition effect among different anaerobic bacteria, and shortens the hydraulic retention time of anaerobic digesters. The stirring device has a simple structure and is convenient to manufacture, maintain and overhaul.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an anaerobic fermentation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a special stirring paddle structure of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stirring paddle of FIG. 1-A.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the heating jacket layer of FIG. 1-A.
In the figure: the stirring driving mechanism 1, the stirring shaft 2, the sliding coupling 3, the anaerobic fermentation tank 4, the flange coupling 5, the frame 6, the plug flow type stirrer 7, the first stirring mechanism 8, the second stirring mechanism 9, the flange 10, the supporting ring 11, the dish type sealing head 12, the cylindrical cylinder 18, the first thermometer detecting port 19, the first artificial observation port 20, the stirring paddle 21, the cylinder reinforcing section 22, the air pressure detecting port 23, the second artificial observation port 24, the overflow discharging port 41, the heating jacket assembly 42, the first saddle 44, the second sand discharging port 47, the second saddle 49, the feeding port 60, the first sand discharging port 61, the first hot water inlet 62, the cleaning port 63, the special stirring paddle 64, the first hot water outlet 65, the second hot water inlet 66, the second hot water outlet 68, the third hot water inlet 69, the third hot water outlet 71, the heat insulation layer 72, the second thermometer detecting port 73, the air outlet 74, the third thermometer detecting port 75, the first shaft middle bearing 81, the shaft middle bearing 82, the second shaft middle bearing 83, the middle baffle 91, the middle baffle 92, the biogas jacket layer 100.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1 referring to fig. 1, a high solids organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation apparatus comprises: the stirring driving mechanism 1, the stirring shaft 2, the anaerobic fermentation tank 4, the flange coupling 5, the frame 6, the plug flow type stirrer 7, the first stirring mechanism 8, the second stirring mechanism 9, the flange 10, the supporting ring 11, the disc-shaped sealing head 12, the cylindrical barrel 18, the first thermometer detection port 19, the first artificial observation port 20, the stirring paddle 21, the air pressure detection port 23, the second artificial observation port 24, the overflow discharge port 41, the heating jacket assembly 42, the first saddle 44, the second sand discharge port 47, the second saddle 49, the feed port 60, the first sand discharge port 61, the second thermometer detection port 73, the biogas outlet 74 and the third thermometer detection port 75; wherein: the main body of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 consists of a cylindrical barrel 18, the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is fixedly arranged at the top of a first saddle 44 and a second saddle 49, dish-shaped sealing heads 12 are fixedly arranged at two ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4, a feed inlet 60 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of one end of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4, an overflow discharge outlet 41 and a biogas outlet 74 are fixedly arranged at the top of the other end of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4, a first thermometer detection port 19, a first artificial observation port 20, a second thermometer detection port 73, a barometric detection port 23, a second artificial observation port 24 and a third thermometer detection port 75 are sequentially and fixedly arranged at the top of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 from the second saddle 49 to the first saddle 44, a first sand discharge port 61 and a second sand discharge port 47 are sequentially and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 from the second saddle 49 to the first saddle 44, the plug-flow stirrer 7 is fixedly arranged at two ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4, the plug-flow stirrer 7 consists of a stirring shaft 2, a stirring driving mechanism 1 and a stirring paddle 21, two ends of the stirring shaft 2 are fixedly arranged at the centers of dish-shaped sealing heads 12 at two ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4, the stirring driving mechanism 1 is fixed on the outer walls of two ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 through a frame 6, the stirring driving mechanism 1 comprises a first stirring mechanism 8 and a second stirring mechanism 9, the stirring driving mechanism 1 at one end of a feed port 60 is the first stirring mechanism 8, the stirring driving mechanism 1 at one end of an overflow discharge port 41 is the second stirring mechanism 9, the stirring driving mechanism 1 consists of a screw driver and a speed reducer and is arranged on the frame 6, the frame 6 is fixed at the centers of the dish-shaped sealing heads 12 of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 through a flange 10 and a supporting ring 11, the stirring driving mechanism 1 drives the stirring shaft 2 to rotate through a flange coupling 5, the outer wall of the lower half part of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is fixedly provided with a heating jacket assembly 42.
Example 2 referring to fig. 1, a high solids organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation apparatus, wherein: the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 forms an included angle of 2-4 degrees with the horizontal ground, the internal diameter of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is 2200mm, the length is 15034mm, and the minimum thickness of the steel plates of the cylindrical barrel 18 and the dish-shaped seal head 12 is 14mm. The procedure is as in example 1.
Example 3 referring to fig. 1, a high solids organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation apparatus, wherein: the stirring shaft 2 is made of alloy steel with the thickness of 12mm, the structure is a sealed hollow metal cylinder, the stirring shaft 2 is divided into a front section and a rear section according to the proportion of 1:1, the front section and the rear section of the stirring shaft 2 are fixedly connected through a sliding coupler 3, the sliding coupler 3 is fixedly supported on a barrel reinforcing section 22 in the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 through two shaft end bearings 82, stirring paddles 21 are fixedly mounted on the stirring shaft 2, and the front section and the rear section of the stirring shaft 2 are fixedly supported on two ends of the inner wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 through a first shaft middle bearing 81 and a second shaft middle bearing 83. The procedure is as in example 1.
Example 4 referring to fig. 2 and 3, an anaerobic fermentation apparatus with high solid content of organic waste is provided, wherein: the stirring paddle 21 comprises a baffle 91, inclined rods 92 and a middle rod 93, wherein one ends of the middle rod 93 and the two inclined rods 92 are fixed on a stirring shaft 2, a trapezoid baffle 91 is arranged between the two inclined rods 92, the inclined edge of the trapezoid baffle 91 forms an included angle of 60 degrees with the middle rod 93, an included angle of 85 degrees is formed between the whole stirring paddle 21 and the stirring shaft 2, the stirring paddles 21 are uniformly arranged along the stirring shaft 2 according to a spiral line, the interval between every two adjacent stirring paddles 21 is 350mm, the included angle is 30 degrees, and the gap between the top of the middle rod 93 and the inner wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is 50mm. The procedure is as in example 1.
Example 5 referring to fig. 1, a high solids organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation apparatus, wherein: the special stirring paddles 64 are fixedly arranged in the dish-shaped sealing heads 12 at the two ends in the anaerobic fermentation tank 4, and the interval between the special stirring paddles 64 and the adjacent stirring paddles 21 is 275mm. The procedure is as in example 1.
Example 6 referring to fig. 1, a high solids organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation apparatus, wherein: the ratio of the length of the stirring paddle 21 to the diameter of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is 0.90-0.92. The procedure is as in example 1.
Example 7 referring to fig. 1 and 4, an anaerobic fermentation apparatus with high solid content of organic waste is provided, wherein: the heating jacket assembly 42 is composed of a jacket layer 100, the jacket layer 100 is axially and averagely divided into a front-section jacket layer, a middle-section jacket layer and a rear-section jacket layer, the three jacket layers are mutually independent, an independent first hot water inlet 62, an independent second hot water inlet 66, an independent third hot water inlet 69, an independent first hot water outlet 65, an independent second hot water outlet 68, an independent third hot water outlet 71 and an independent plurality of purge holes 63 are respectively arranged, sectional temperature control is achieved, the first hot water inlet 62, the second hot water inlet 66 and the independent third hot water inlet 69 are positioned at the lower edge of the jacket layer 100, the first hot water outlet 65, the second hot water outlet 68 and the independent third hot water outlet are positioned at the upper edge of the jacket layer 100, the purge holes 63 are positioned at the bottommost part of the jacket layer 100, the outside of the jacket layer 100 and the outside of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 are respectively wrapped with a heat preservation layer 72, the jacket layer 100 is spaced from the outer wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 by 30mm, and the hollow thickness of the heating jacket assembly 42 is 30mm. The procedure is as in example 1.
Working principle:
firstly, high-solid organic waste materials to be treated are put into an anaerobic fermentation tank 4 through a feed inlet 60, the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 adopts a horizontal type, the contact surface of organic matters and microorganisms is increased, the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 and the horizontal ground form an included angle of 2-4 degrees, the feed inlet 60 of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is arranged at the lower end of the inclined end of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4, an overflow discharge port 41 and a methane outlet 74 are arranged at the higher end of the inclined end of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4, acid-producing bacteria are gathered in a large amount near the feed inlet 60 to form an acid-producing area, and methane bacteria at the overflow discharge port 41 form the methane-producing area under the polymerization effect; the upper part of the cylindrical barrel 18 of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is provided with three temperature detection ports (a first thermometer detection port 19, a second thermometer detection port 73 and a third thermometer detection port 75), two artificial observation ports (a first artificial observation port 20 and a second artificial observation port 24) and one pressure detection port (a pressure detection port 23) which are used for monitoring the internal temperature, the pressure and the real-time condition of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4; the stirring driving mechanism 1 in the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is a horizontal single-shaft mechanical stirring device and comprises a stirring shaft 2, a driving mechanism and stirring paddles 21, wherein the driving motors are driven at two ends and are coaxial and at different speeds, the two motors are respectively fixed at two ends of the horizontal anaerobic fermentation tank 4 through a frame 6, a speed reducer is added to the driving motors for controlling the rotating speed of the stirring shaft 2, the driving motors are connected with the stirring shaft 2 through a flange coupler 5, the stirring shaft 2 is divided into two sections for convenient installation and processing, the length ratio of the stirring shaft 2 in an acid producing area to the stirring shaft 2 in a methane producing area is 1:1, the front stirring shaft 2 and the rear stirring shaft 2 are connected through a sliding coupler 3, the long shaft is prevented from deforming and eccentrically moving by using a shaft support at the joint, and the stirring mode provides proper stirring speed for different anaerobic fermentation stages in the anaerobic fermentation tank 4; the stirring paddle 21 is a special paddle, and comprises a middle rod 93, two inclined rods 92 and a baffle plate 91, and is uniformly arranged in a spiral manner along the axis direction, the blades of the stirring paddle 21 and the stirring shaft 2 form an included angle of 85 degrees, so that axial flow from a feeding end to a discharging end is formed for materials, and the materials are extruded by the baffle plate 91 on the stirring paddle 21 to generate radial flow.
Depending on the conditions of the hydrolytic acidification stage and the methanogenesis stage: the hydrolysis acidification stage has more stirring requirements, and the material is pushed at the rotating speed of 10-20 r/min, so that the material reaches the methane-producing area from the feed inlet 60 to just complete an acid-producing period, and then smoothly enters the methane-producing stage to form a sequential biochemical reaction; the methanogen in the methanogenic stage has low disturbance requirement during biochemical reaction, only needs to be properly stirred to ensure that the methanogen is uniformly distributed, and has pushing action on materials at the rotating speed of 5-10 r/min, so that methane gas is easy to separate out, and the materials are pushed to a discharge port from a methane zone to just complete a methanogenic period.
The method for preparing the biogas by the high-solid organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation device comprises the following steps of:
firstly, pumping pretreated organic solid waste (biogas slurry is crushed and mixed and inoculated, the carbon nitrogen ratio of the organic matters is 25:1, and the TS concentration is 14% -16%) into the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 from the feed inlet 60, injecting 60 ℃ hot water into the whole jacket layer 100 from the jacket hot water inlets (the first hot water inlet 62, the second hot water inlet 66 and the third hot water inlet 69), and starting the first stirring mechanism 8 at 20r/min, so that the materials are quickly heated, and the materials are promoted to be fully mixed and begin to undergo hydrolytic acidification reaction;
secondly, when the temperatures monitored by the three temperature detection ports (a first thermometer detection port 19, a second thermometer detection port 73 and a third thermometer detection port 75) reach 30-37 ℃, hot water at about 45 ℃ is injected into the jacket layer 100 to perform constant temperature control on the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 and materials, the speed of the first stirring mechanism 8 is reduced to 12r/min so as to be beneficial to the smooth start of anaerobic reaction, and the hydraulic retention time of the materials is about 20 days;
thirdly, fermenting to enter a peak period of gas production starting on the 3 rd day, fully stirring the materials by a first stirring mechanism 8, slowly pushing the materials to a methane production area, starting a second stirring mechanism 9, and intermittently stirring at a stirring frequency of 5-10 minutes per hour;
fourthly, intermittently supplementing materials in the reactor according to the volume of the cylindrical barrel 18 and the feeding amount in unit time in the fermentation process to form extrusion type pushing so as to realize continuous anaerobic fermentation, and simultaneously, improving the speed of the first stirring mechanism 8, injecting 60 ℃ hot water from the first hot water inlet 62 of the front-stage jacket to heat fresh materials;
fifthly, when the temperature monitored by the three temperature detection ports (the first thermometer detection port 19, the second thermometer detection port 73 and the third thermometer detection port 75) reaches 30-37 ℃ again, injecting hot water at 45 ℃ into the jacket layer 100 to perform constant temperature control on the tank body, and repeating the third step and the fourth step;
(VI) when the fermentation tank is filled with materials for full-load operation, the acidification area and the methane-generating area are obviously differentiated due to poor fluidity of the high-viscosity materials and gravity and pressure of the methane-generating area, the organic load rate of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 device is improved, and the hydraulic retention time of the materials can be properly shortened to about 15 days compared with the starting stage;
and seventh, under the action of new material extrusion and pushing of the stirring paddles 21, the materials in the tank body slowly enter the methane-producing area from the acid-producing area, the generated biogas is collected from the biogas outlet 74, the biogas slurry and the biogas residue are discharged from the overflow discharge port 41, and the stirring rate of the acid-producing area is greater than that of the methane-producing area in the whole anaerobic fermentation process.
By fully considering the requirements of the biological reaction in the anaerobic digestion fermentation tank, an anaerobic fermentation mixing device for actively pushing the materials is arranged, so that the materials gradually react according to the ordered process of acidification-methanation under an intermittent feeding mode, the sectional temperature detection and control are provided for different anaerobic biochemical actions, the polymerization effect of anaerobic fermentation bacteria is improved, and the personification effect of a large amount of accumulated organic acids on methanogens is prevented; in addition, under the pushing action of the mechanical stirring device, the materials are slowly pushed from the front-end acidification stage to the methanogenesis stage, so that the heat mass transfer and gas escape in the fermentation process of the high-solid-content materials can be promoted; the two anaerobic reaction stages have different requirements on stirring shearing force, suspension state and disturbance state, and the coaxial different-speed driving mode is favorable for improving stirring and mixing efficiency, avoids the inhibition effect among different anaerobic bacteria, and shortens the hydraulic retention time of anaerobic digesters. The stirring device has a simple structure and is convenient to manufacture, maintain and overhaul.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The method for preparing the biogas by utilizing the high-solid organic waste sequential anaerobic fermentation device is characterized by comprising a stirring driving mechanism (1), a stirring shaft (2), an anaerobic fermentation tank (4), a flange coupler (5), a frame (6), a plug-flow stirrer (7), a first stirring mechanism (8), a second stirring mechanism (9), a flange (10), a supporting ring (11), a disc-shaped sealing head (12), a cylindrical barrel (18), a first thermometer detection port (19), a first artificial observation port (20), a stirring paddle (21), an air pressure detection port (23), a second artificial observation port (24), an overflow discharge port (41), a heating jacket assembly (42), a first saddle (44), a second sand discharge port (47), a second saddle (49), a feed port (60), a first sand discharge port (61), a second thermometer detection port (73), an air outlet (74) and a third thermometer detection port (75); the method is characterized in that: the main body of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) consists of a cylindrical barrel (18), the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) is fixedly arranged at the top of a first saddle (44) and a second saddle (49), dish-shaped sealing heads (12) are fixedly arranged at the two ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4), a feed inlet (60) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of one end of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4), an overflow discharge port (41) and a biogas outlet (74) are fixedly arranged at the top of the other end of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4), a first thermometer detection port (19), a first human observation port (20), a second thermometer detection port (73), a barometric detection port (23), a second human observation port (24) and a third thermometer detection port (75) are sequentially and fixedly arranged at the top of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4), a first sand discharge port (61), a second sand discharge port (47) are sequentially and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4), a push flow stirrer (7) is fixedly arranged at the two ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) in the direction of the second saddle (49), a push stirrer (7) and a stirring shaft (2) and stirring shaft (21) are respectively arranged at the two ends of the stirring shaft (2) and the stirring shaft (12) respectively, the stirring driving mechanism (1) is fixed on the outer walls of two ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) through a frame (6), the stirring driving mechanism (1) comprises a first stirring mechanism (8) and a second stirring mechanism (9), the stirring driving mechanism (1) at one end of the feed inlet (60) is the first stirring mechanism (8), the stirring driving mechanism (1) at one end of the overflow discharge outlet (41) is the second stirring mechanism (9), the stirring driving mechanism (1) is formed by a screw driver and a speed reducing mechanism and is arranged on the frame (6), the frame (6) is fixed on the center of a disc-shaped sealing head (12) of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) through a flange (10) and a supporting ring (11), the stirring driving mechanism (1) drives a stirring shaft (2) to rotate through a flange coupler (5), a heating jacket assembly (42) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the lower half part of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4), the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) forms an included angle of 2-4 DEG with the horizontal ground, the inner diameter of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) is mm, the length is 15034mm, and the minimum thickness of the steel plate is 14mm;
the method comprises the following steps:
pumping pretreated organic solid waste into an anaerobic fermentation tank (4) from a feed inlet (60), injecting hot water at 60 ℃ into the whole jacket layer (100) from a jacket hot water inlet, and starting a first stirring mechanism (8) at 20r/min, so that materials are rapidly heated, and the materials are promoted to be fully mixed to start to undergo hydrolysis acidification reaction;
secondly, when the temperature monitored by the three temperature detection ports reaches 30-37 ℃, hot water at about 45 ℃ is injected into the jacket layer (100) to perform constant temperature control on the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) and the materials, and the speed of the first stirring mechanism (8) is reduced to 12r/min so as to be beneficial to the smooth start of the anaerobic reaction, and the hydraulic retention time of the materials is about 20 days;
step three, fermenting and entering a peak period of gas production starting on the 3 rd day, fully stirring the materials by a first stirring mechanism (8) and slowly pushing the materials to a methane production area, starting a second stirring mechanism (9), and intermittently stirring at a stirring frequency of 5-10 minutes per hour;
step four, intermittently supplementing materials in the reactor according to the volume of the cylindrical barrel (18) and the feeding amount in unit time in the fermentation process to form extrusion type pushing so as to realize continuous anaerobic fermentation, and simultaneously, improving the speed of a first stirring mechanism (8), injecting hot water at 60 ℃ from a first hot water inlet (62) of a front-stage jacket, and heating fresh materials; fifthly, when the temperature monitored by the three temperature detection ports reaches 30-37 ℃ again, injecting hot water at 45 ℃ into the jacket layer (100) to perform constant temperature control on the tank body, and then repeating the third and fourth steps;
step six, when the fermentation tank is filled with materials for full-load operation, the acidification area and the methane-generating area are obviously differentiated due to poor fluidity of the high-viscosity materials and gravity and pressure of the methane-generating area, the organic load rate of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) device is improved, and the hydraulic retention time of the materials can be properly shortened to about 15 days compared with the starting stage;
step seven, materials in the tank body slowly enter the methane-producing area from the acid-producing area under the extrusion of new materials and the pushing action of the stirring paddles (21), the generated biogas is collected from the biogas outlet (74), the biogas slurry and the biogas residue are discharged from the overflow discharge port (41), and in the whole anaerobic fermentation process, the stirring rate of the acid-producing area is greater than that of the methane-producing area.
2. The method for preparing biogas by using the high-solid organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the stirring shaft (2) is made of alloy steel with the thickness of 12mm, the structure is a sealed hollow metal cylinder, the stirring shaft (2) is divided into a front section and a rear section according to the proportion of 1:1, the front section and the rear section of the stirring shaft (2) are fixedly connected through a sliding coupler (3), the sliding coupler (3) is fixedly supported on a cylinder reinforcing section (22) in an anaerobic fermentation tank (4) through two shaft end bearings (82), stirring paddles (21) are fixedly mounted on the stirring shaft (2), and the front section and the rear section of the stirring shaft (2) are fixedly supported on two ends of the inner wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) through a first shaft middle bearing (81) and a second shaft middle bearing (83).
3. The method for preparing biogas by using the high-solid organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the stirring paddle (21) comprises a baffle (91), inclined rods (92) and a middle rod (93), one ends of the middle rod (93) and the two inclined rods (92) are fixed on the stirring shaft (2), a trapezoid baffle (91) is arranged between the two inclined rods (92), the inclined edge of the trapezoid baffle (91) forms an included angle of 60 degrees with the middle rod (93), an included angle of 85 degrees is formed between the whole stirring paddle (21) and the stirring shaft (2), the stirring paddles (21) are uniformly arranged along the direction of the stirring shaft (2) according to a spiral line, the interval between every two adjacent stirring paddles (21) is 350mm, the included angle is 30 degrees, and the gap between the top of the middle rod (93) and the inner wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) is 50mm.
4. The method for preparing biogas by using the high-solid organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: special stirring paddles (64) are fixedly arranged in disc-shaped sealing heads (12) at two ends in the anaerobic fermentation tank (4), and the interval between each special stirring paddle (64) and each adjacent stirring paddle (21) is 275mm.
5. A method for producing biogas by using a high solids content organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation apparatus according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the ratio of the length of the stirring paddle (21) to the diameter of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) is 0.90-0.92.
6. The method for preparing biogas by using the high-solid organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the heating jacket assembly (42) consists of a jacket layer (100), wherein the jacket layer (100) is axially and averagely divided into a front section, a middle section and a rear section, the three jacket layers are mutually independent, an independent first hot water inlet (62), a second hot water inlet (66), a third hot water inlet (69), a first hot water outlet (65), a second hot water outlet (68), a third hot water outlet (71) and a plurality of exhaust ports (63) are respectively arranged at the three jacket layers, sectional temperature control is realized, the first hot water inlet (62), the second hot water inlet (66), the third hot water inlet (69) are positioned at the lower edge of the jacket layer (100), the first hot water outlet (65), the second hot water outlet (68) and the third hot water outlet are positioned at the upper edge of the jacket layer (100), the exhaust ports (63) are positioned at the bottommost part of the jacket layer (100), the jacket layer (100) is outside, the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) is externally wrapped with a heat preservation layer (72), the jacket layer (100) and the outer wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) is separated by 30mm, and the heating jacket assembly has a hollow jacket thickness of 30mm.
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| CN109517730A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-26 | 启迪桑德环境资源股份有限公司 | A kind of half dry type diphasic anaerobic fermentor |
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| EP1524315A1 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-04-20 | Ing. Friedrich Bauer GmbH | Fermenter drum |
| KR20150045646A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2015-04-29 | 금호산업주식회사 | Horizontal type anaerobic digesting device |
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| CN208279619U (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-12-25 | 江西省山江湖开发治理委员会办公室 | A kind of novel large arch dam organic waste sequence is into formula anaerobic ferment devices |
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| EP1524315A1 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-04-20 | Ing. Friedrich Bauer GmbH | Fermenter drum |
| KR20150045646A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2015-04-29 | 금호산업주식회사 | Horizontal type anaerobic digesting device |
| CN204702749U (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-10-14 | 江西省山江湖开发治理委员会办公室 | Horizontal type anaerobic fermentation reactor |
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