CN108456633B - A sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-solid organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation device. The existing dry anaerobic fermentation technology mostly adopts batch feeding, and the batch feeding has the defects of low organic load rate, low gas production efficiency, poor stability in the anaerobic fermentation process and poor impact resistance although the operation is simple. The invention discloses a high-solid organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation device, wherein: the stirring driving mechanism comprises a first stirring mechanism and a second stirring mechanism, the stirring driving mechanism is composed of a screw driver and a speed reducing mechanism and is arranged on a frame, and the frame is fixed at the center of a dish-shaped seal head of the anaerobic fermentation tank through a flange and a supporting ring. The invention has the advantages that: in the acidification-methanation ordered process, a more obvious acid-producing area and a more obvious methane-producing area are formed in the tank body, so that the polymerization effect of anaerobic fermentation bacteria is improved, and the inhibition effect of a large amount of accumulation of organic acid on the methane-producing bacteria is prevented.

Description

A sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy utilization equipment, specifically a sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste.

Background technique

Anaerobic fermentation to treat organic waste is currently a commonly used organic waste treatment method, which is widely used abroad and has advanced technology. As my country's requirements for organic waste treatment and demand for biogas energy increase, the transition from traditional wet anaerobic fermentation process to dry anaerobic fermentation process is the development trend of biogas projects in the future.

Anaerobic fermentation biogas production technology is completed through the biochemical action of anaerobic microorganisms through four orderly processes of hydrolysis, acidification, acetification, and methanation. Each process is completed by different microorganisms, and the activity of these microorganisms has different environmental requirements. For example, methane-producing methane bacteria prefer weak alkalinity, and the acidification process will cause excessive accumulation of organic acids, causing the activity of methane bacteria to decrease or even die, greatly affecting the biogas production rate.

Most of the existing dry anaerobic fermentation technologies use batch (all in, all out) feeding. After the material enters the dry anaerobic fermentation tank, the anaerobic fermentation reaction is started by inoculation or contact with the original material. Batch feeding Although the operation is simple, its shortcomings are: 1. Low organic loading rate and long hydraulic retention time; 2. Biochemical reactions at different stages are carried out simultaneously, ignoring the aggregation effect of anaerobic microbial biochemical reactions and the principle of group enrichment of anaerobic bacteria. , resulting in low gas production efficiency; 3. If the dry anaerobic fermentation fermentation tank is equipped with a stirring device, it only has the effect of solid-liquid suspension, and does not take into account the changes in the viscosity of the material due to biochemical reactions, resulting in poor heat and mass transfer effects. Poor; 4. It is easy to cause the anaerobic bacteria in the anaerobic acidification zone and the methanogenic zone to interfere with each other and simulate each other, causing problems such as poor stability and poor impact resistance of the entire anaerobic fermentation process, and there are shortcomings.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems solved

In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste, which solves many problems existing in the existing high solid content organic waste treatment. In order to fully consider the needs of endogenous reactions, an anaerobic fermentation mixing device that actively pushes materials is set up so that materials can react progressively according to the orderly process of acidification and methanation in an intermittent feeding mode, providing separation for different anaerobic biochemical effects. Section temperature detection and control improves the polymerization effect of anaerobic fermentation bacteria and prevents the artificial effect of large accumulation of organic acids on methanogens; in addition, under the propulsion of the mechanical stirring device, the material is slowly pushed from the front-end acidification stage At the methane production stage, it can promote heat and mass transfer and gas escape during the fermentation process of high solid content materials; the two anaerobic reaction stages put forward different requirements for the shear force, suspension state, and disturbance state of stirring, and the coaxial speed is different. The driving mode is conducive to improving the stirring and mixing efficiency, avoiding the inhibitory effect between different anaerobic bacteria, and shortening the hydraulic retention time of the anaerobic digestate. The mixing device has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, maintain and inspect.

(2) Technical solutions

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste, including a stirring drive mechanism, a stirring shaft, an anaerobic fermentation tank, a flange coupling, a frame, Pulse flow mixer, first mixing mechanism, second mixing mechanism, flange flange, support ring, dish-shaped head, cylindrical cylinder, first thermometer detection port, first artificial observation port, stirring paddle, Air pressure detection port, second artificial observation port, overflow outlet, heating jacket assembly, first saddle, second row of sand outlets, second saddle, feed port, first row of sand outlets, second thermometer detection port, biogas outlet, and third thermometer detection port; among them: the main body of the anaerobic fermentation tank is composed of a cylindrical barrel, the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank is fixedly installed on the top of the first saddle and the second saddle, and the two sides of the anaerobic fermentation tank The end of the anaerobic fermentation tank is fixedly provided with a dish-shaped head, the bottom of one end of the anaerobic fermentation tank is fixedly provided with a feed port, and the top of the other end of the anaerobic fermentation tank is fixedly provided with an overflow outlet and a biogas outlet. The top of the anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with a second saddle. From the seat to the first saddle, a first thermometer detection port, a first artificial observation port, a second thermometer detection port, an air pressure detection port, a second artificial observation port, a third thermometer detection port, and an anaerobic fermentation tank are fixedly arranged in sequence. The bottom is fixedly provided with a first row of sand outlets and a second row of sand outlets in the direction from the second saddle to the first saddle. Pulse flow mixers are fixedly installed at both ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank. The plug flow mixers are stirred by It consists of a shaft, a stirring drive mechanism and a stirring paddle. Both ends of the stirring shaft are fixedly installed at the center of the dish-shaped heads at both ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank. The stirring drive mechanism is fixed on the outer walls of both ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank through the frame. The stirring drive mechanism includes the third A stirring mechanism and a second stirring mechanism. The stirring driving mechanism at one end of the feed port is the first stirring mechanism, and the stirring driving mechanism at one end of the overflow discharge port is the second mixing mechanism. The stirring driving mechanism is composed of a screw driver and a reducer. Installed on the frame, the frame is fixed to the center of the disc-shaped head of the anaerobic fermentation tank through the flange flange and the support ring. The stirring drive mechanism drives the stirring shaft to rotate through the flange coupling, and the lower part of the anaerobic fermentation tank A heating jacket assembly is fixedly installed on the outer wall.

A sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste, in which: the anaerobic fermentation tank is at an angle of 2°-4° with the horizontal ground, the inner diameter of the anaerobic fermentation tank is 2200mm, the length is 15034mm, and the cylindrical The minimum thickness of the steel plate for the cylinder body and dish-shaped head is 14mm.

A sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste, in which: the stirring shaft is made of alloy steel with a thickness of 12mm, and the structure is a sealed hollow metal cylinder. The stirring shaft is divided into two front and rear sections according to a 1:1 ratio. , the front and rear two sections of the stirring shaft are fixedly connected through a sliding coupling. The sliding coupling is fixedly supported on the reinforced section of the cylinder in the anaerobic fermentation tank through the two shaft end bearings. A stirring paddle is fixedly installed on the stirring shaft. The stirring shaft The front and rear sections are fixedly supported on both ends of the inner wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank through the middle bearing of the first shaft and the middle bearing of the second shaft.

A sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste, in which the stirring paddle consists of a baffle, an inclined rod, and an intermediate rod. One end of the intermediate rod and the two inclined rods are fixed on the stirring shaft, and the two inclined rods A trapezoidal baffle is installed in between. The hypotenuse of the trapezoidal baffle forms an angle of 60° with the middle rod. An angle of 85° is formed between the entire stirring blade and the stirring shaft. The stirring blades are evenly arranged in a spiral along the direction of the stirring shaft. The distance between two adjacent stirring paddles is 350mm, the included angle is 30°, and the gap between the top of the middle rod and the inner wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank is 50mm.

A sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste, in which: special stirring paddles are fixedly installed in the disc-shaped heads at both ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the interval between the special stirring paddles and adjacent stirring paddles is is 275mm.

A sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste, wherein the ratio of the length of the stirring blade to the diameter of the anaerobic fermentation tank is 0.90-0.92.

A sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste, in which: the heating jacket assembly is composed of a jacket layer, and the jacket layer is evenly divided into a front section, a middle section, and a rear section jacket layer according to the axial direction, and the three parts are sandwiched The jacket layers are independent of each other and are respectively provided with independent first hot water inlet, second hot water inlet, third hot water inlet, first hot water outlet, second hot water outlet, third hot water outlet and multiple drains. to achieve segmented temperature control. The first hot water inlet, the second hot water inlet, and the third hot water inlet are located at the lower edge of the jacket layer. The first hot water outlet, the second hot water outlet, and the third hot water inlet are located at the lower edge of the jacket layer. The hot water outlet is located at the upper edge of the jacket layer, and the drain port is located at the bottom of the jacket layer. The outside of the jacket layer and the outside of the anaerobic fermentation tank are both wrapped with an insulation layer. The distance between the jacket layer and the outer wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank is 30mm. The hollow thickness of the heating jacket assembly is 30mm.

(3) Beneficial effects

The invention provides a sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste. Its advantage is that by fully considering the biochemical reaction requirements in the anaerobic digestion fermentation tank, an anaerobic fermentation mixing device that actively pushes materials is provided. The material is allowed to react gradually according to the orderly process of acidification and methanation in the intermittent feeding mode, providing segmented temperature detection and control for different anaerobic biochemical effects, improving the polymerization effect of anaerobic fermentation bacteria, and preventing organic The massive accumulation of acid has a simulated effect on methanogens; in addition, under the propulsion of the mechanical stirring device, the material is slowly pushed from the front-end acidification stage to the methanogenesis stage, which can promote heat and mass transfer and heat transfer during the fermentation of high-solid materials. Gas escapes; the two anaerobic reaction stages put forward different requirements for the shear force, suspension state, and disturbance state of the mixing, and the coaxial and different speed drive method is conducive to improving the mixing efficiency and avoiding the inhibition of different anaerobic bacteria. function, shortening the hydraulic retention time of anaerobic digestate. The mixing device has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, maintain and inspect.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an anaerobic fermentation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the special stirring paddle of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stirring blade taken along the direction A in Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the heating jacket layer shown in Figure 1-A.

In the figure: stirring drive mechanism 1, stirring shaft 2, sliding coupling 3, anaerobic fermentation tank 4, flange coupling 5, frame 6, plug-flow mixer 7, first stirring mechanism 8, second Stirring mechanism 9, flange flange 10, support ring 11, dish-shaped head 12, cylindrical barrel 18, first thermometer detection port 19, first artificial observation port 20, stirring paddle 21, cylinder reinforcement section 22 , air pressure detection port 23, second artificial observation port 24, overflow outlet 41, heating jacket assembly 42, first saddle 44, second row of sand outlets 47, second saddle 49, feed port 60, A row of sand outlet 61, first hot water inlet 62, drain outlet 63, special stirring paddle 64, first hot water outlet 65, second hot water inlet 66, second hot water outlet 68, third hot water inlet 69 , third hot water outlet 71, insulation layer 72, second thermometer detection port 73, biogas outlet 74, third thermometer detection port 75, first shaft middle bearing 81, shaft end bearing 82, second shaft middle bearing 83 , baffle 91, inclined rod 92, intermediate rod 93, jacket layer 100.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Embodiment 1. Please refer to Figure 1, a sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste, including: a stirring drive mechanism 1, a stirring shaft 2, an anaerobic fermentation tank 4, a flange coupling 5, a machine Frame 6, push flow mixer 7, first stirring mechanism 8, second stirring mechanism 9, flange flange 10, support ring 11, dish-shaped head 12, cylindrical barrel 18, first thermometer detection port 19 , the first artificial observation port 20, the stirring paddle 21, the air pressure detection port 23, the second artificial observation port 24, the overflow discharge port 41, the heating jacket assembly 42, the first saddle 44, the second row of sand ports 47, The second saddle 49, the feed port 60, the first sand discharge port 61, the second thermometer detection port 73, the biogas outlet 74, and the third thermometer detection port 75; among which: the main body of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is composed of a cylindrical cylinder 18, the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the first saddle 44 and the second saddle 49, the two ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 are fixedly provided with dish-shaped heads 12, and the bottom of one end of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is fixedly installed There is a feed port 60, and the top of the other end of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is fixedly provided with an overflow discharge port 41 and a biogas outlet 74. The top of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is fixedly provided in sequence from the second saddle 49 to the first saddle 44. There is a first thermometer detection port 19, a first human observation port 20, a second thermometer detection port 73, an air pressure detection port 23, a second human observation port 24, and a third thermometer detection port 75. The bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is A first row of sand outlets 61 and a second row of sand outlets 47 are fixedly arranged in the direction from the second saddle 49 to the first saddle 44. The plug-flow mixer 7 is fixedly installed on both ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4. The push-flow stirrer The mixer 7 is composed of a stirring shaft 2, a stirring drive mechanism 1, and a stirring paddle 21. Both ends of the stirring shaft 2 are fixedly installed at the center of the dish-shaped heads 12 at both ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4. The stirring drive mechanism 1 is fixed to the anaerobic fermentation tank through a frame 6. On the outer walls of both ends of the oxygen fermentation tank 4, the stirring drive mechanism 1 includes a first stirring mechanism 8 and a second stirring mechanism 9. The stirring driving mechanism 1 at one end of the feed port 60 is the first stirring mechanism 8, and the stirring drive mechanism 1 at one end of the overflow discharge port 41 is The driving mechanism 1 is the second mixing mechanism 9. The mixing driving mechanism 1 is composed of a screw driver and a reducer and is installed on the frame 6. The frame 6 is fixed to the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 through the flange flange 10 and the support ring 11. In the center of the disc-shaped head 12, the stirring drive mechanism 1 drives the stirring shaft 2 to rotate through the flange coupling 5, and a heating jacket assembly 42 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the lower half of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4.

Embodiment 2. Please refer to Figure 1, a sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste, in which: the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 forms an angle of 2°-4° with the horizontal ground, and the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 The inner diameter of the tank is 2200mm, the length is 15034mm, and the minimum thickness of the steel plate of the cylindrical barrel 18 and the dish-shaped head 12 is 14mm. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3. Please refer to Figure 1, a sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste, in which: the stirring shaft 2 is made of alloy steel with a thickness of 12mm, and the structure is a sealed hollow metal cylinder. 2 is divided into front and rear sections according to a 1:1 ratio. The front and rear stirring shafts 2 are fixedly connected through a sliding coupling 3. The sliding coupling 3 is fixedly supported in the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 through two shaft end bearings 82. The cylinder reinforcement section 22 and the stirring paddle 21 are fixedly installed on the stirring shaft 2. The front and rear sections of the stirring shaft 2 are fixedly supported on both ends of the inner wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 through the first shaft middle bearing 81 and the second shaft middle bearing 83. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

Embodiment 4, please refer to Figures 2 and 3, a sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste, in which the stirring paddle 21 is composed of a baffle 91, an inclined rod 92, and an intermediate rod 93. The intermediate rod 93 And one end of two inclined rods 92 is fixed on the stirring shaft 2. A trapezoidal baffle 91 is installed between the two inclined rods 92. The hypotenuse of the trapezoidal baffle 91 forms an angle of 60° with the middle rod 93. The entire stirring paddle 21 An included angle of 85° is formed with the stirring shaft 2. The stirring paddles 21 are evenly arranged in a spiral along the direction of the stirring shaft 2. The distance between two adjacent stirring paddles 21 is 350mm and the included angle is 30°. The middle rod 93 The gap between the top and the inner wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is 50mm. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

Embodiment 5, please refer to Figure 1, a sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste, in which: special stirring paddles 64 are fixedly installed in the disc-shaped heads 12 at both ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4. The distance between the stirring paddle 64 and the adjacent stirring paddle 21 is 275 mm. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

Embodiment 6. Please refer to Figure 1, a sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste, in which the ratio of the blade length of the stirring paddle 21 to the tank diameter of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is 0.90-0.92. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

Embodiment 7. Please refer to Figures 1 and 4, a sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste, in which: the heating jacket assembly 42 is composed of a jacket layer 100, and the jacket layer 100 is averaged along the axial direction. It is divided into front, middle and rear jacket layers. The three jacket layers are independent of each other and are respectively provided with independent first hot water inlet 62, second hot water inlet 66, third hot water inlet 69 and first hot water inlet. The outlet 65, the second hot water outlet 68, the third hot water outlet 71 and a plurality of drain outlets 63 realize segmented temperature control. The first hot water inlet 62, the second hot water inlet 66, the third hot water inlet 63 The inlet 69 is located at the lower edge of the jacket layer 100 , the first hot water outlet 65 , the second hot water outlet 68 , and the third hot water outlet are located at the upper edge of the jacket layer 100 , and the drain port 63 is located at the bottom of the jacket layer 100 The outside of the jacket layer 100 and the outside of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 are both wrapped with an insulation layer 72. The distance between the jacket layer 100 and the outer wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is 30 mm, and the hollow thickness of the heating jacket assembly 42 is 30 mm. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

working principle:

First, the high-solid organic waste materials that need to be processed are put into the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 through the feed port 60. The anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is horizontal, which is beneficial to increasing the contact surface between organic matter and microorganisms. The anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is The horizontal ground forms an included angle of 2°-4°. The feed port 60 of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is set at the lower end of the inclined end of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4. The overflow outlet 41 and the biogas outlet 74 are set at the lower end of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4. At the higher end of the inclined end of the fermentation tank 4, acid-producing bacteria gather in large numbers near the feed port 60 to form an acid-producing area, and the methane bacteria at the overflow discharge port 41 form a methane-producing area under the polymerization effect; the cylindrical shape of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 The upper part of the cylinder 18 is provided with three temperature detection ports (the first thermometer detection port 19, the second thermometer detection port 73, and the third thermometer detection port 75), and two artificial observation ports (the first artificial observation port 20, the second artificial observation port 20, and the second artificial observation port 75). Observation port 24) and a pressure detection port (air pressure detection port 23) are used to monitor the internal temperature, air pressure and real-time conditions of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4; the stirring drive mechanism 1 in the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is a horizontal single-axis The mechanical stirring device includes a stirring shaft 2, a driving mechanism and a stirring paddle 21. The driving motor is a two-end coaxial drive with different speeds. The two motors are respectively fixed to both ends of the horizontal anaerobic fermentation tank 4 through the frame 6. The driving A reducer is added to the motor to control the rotation speed of the stirring shaft 2. The drive motor and the stirring shaft 2 are connected through the flange coupling 5. In order to facilitate installation and processing, the stirring shaft 2 is divided into two sections. The stirring shaft 2 in the acid production area is connected to the stirring shaft 2. The length ratio of the stirring shaft 2 in the methane-producing area is 1:1. The front and rear sections of the stirring shaft 2 are connected by sliding couplings 3. Shaft supports are used at the connections to prevent deformation and eccentric movement of the long axis. The mixing method is different inside the anaerobic fermentation tank 4. The anaerobic fermentation stage provides a suitable stirring rate; the stirring paddle 21 is a special paddle, including a middle rod 93, two inclined rods 92 and a baffle 91, and is evenly arranged in a spiral shape along the axis direction. The stirring paddle 21 blades It is at an angle of 85° with the stirring shaft 2, thereby forming an axial flow of the material from the feeding end to the discharging end. The material is squeezed by the baffle 91 on the stirring paddle 21 to generate a radial flow.

According to the different conditions between the hydrolysis and acidification stage and the methanogenesis stage: the hydrolysis and acidification stage requires more stirring, and when the rotation speed is 10 to 20 r/min, the material is pushed, so that the material reaches the methane production area from the feed port 60. An acid production cycle, and then smoothly enters the methanogenesis stage, forming a sequential biochemical reaction; the methanogens in the methanogenesis stage do not have high requirements for disturbance during the biochemical reaction. They only need to be stirred appropriately to allow the methanogens to be evenly distributed. When it is 5-10r/min, it will push the material, and the methane gas will be easy to precipitate, so that the material will just complete a methane production cycle when it is pushed from the methane zone to the discharge port.

The described method for producing biogas in a sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste includes the following steps:

(1) Pump the pretreated organic solid waste (crushed and mixed with biogas slurry inoculated, the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of organic matter is 25:1, and the TS concentration is 14% to 16%) into the anaerobic fermentation from the feed port 60 In the tank 4, 60°C hot water is injected into the entire jacket layer 100 from the jacket hot water inlet (the first hot water inlet 62, the second hot water inlet 66, and the third hot water inlet 69), and starts at 20 r/min. The first stirring mechanism 8 allows the material to heat up quickly, promotes the material to be fully mixed and begins to undergo hydrolysis and acidification reaction;

(2) When the temperatures monitored at the three temperature detection ports (the first thermometer detection port 19, the second thermometer detection port 73, and the third thermometer detection port 75) all reach 30 to 37°C, use hot water of about 45°C. Inject the jacket layer 100 to implement constant temperature control of the anaerobic fermentation tank 4 and the materials, and reduce the speed of the first stirring mechanism 8 to 12 r/min to facilitate the smooth start of the anaerobic reaction. The hydraulic retention time of the materials is about 20 days;

(3) When the fermentation enters the peak period of gas production on the third day, the first stirring mechanism 8 fully stirs the materials and slowly pushes the materials to the methane-producing area, starts the second stirring mechanism 9, and stirs for 5 to 10 minutes per hour. Frequency implementation of intermittent stirring;

(4) During the fermentation process, according to the volume of the cylindrical barrel 18 and the feed amount per unit time, the materials in the reactor are replenished intermittently to form a squeeze push, thereby achieving continuous anaerobic fermentation and at the same time, improving The first stirring mechanism has a speed of 8 and injects 60°C hot water from the first hot water inlet 62 of the front jacket to warm the fresh materials;

(5) When the temperature monitored by the three temperature detection ports (the first thermometer detection port 19, the second thermometer detection port 73, and the third thermometer detection port 75) reaches 30~37°C again, inject 45°C hot water The jacket layer 100 implements constant temperature control on the tank, and then steps three and four are repeated;

(6) When the fermentation tank is filled with materials and operates at full load, due to the poor fluidity of the high-viscosity material and the gravity and pressure of the methane-producing zone, the differentiation between the acidification zone and the methane-producing zone will become more obvious. Anaerobic fermentation tank 4 The organic load rate of the device is increased, and the hydraulic retention time of the material can be appropriately shortened to about 15 days compared with the startup stage;

(7) The material in the tank slowly enters the methane-producing area from the acid-producing area under the extrusion of the new material and the push of the stirring paddle 21. The generated biogas is collected from the biogas outlet 74, and the biogas slurry and biogas residue are discharged from the overflow outlet. 41 is discharged. During the entire anaerobic fermentation process, the stirring rate in the acid-producing zone is greater than the stirring rate in the methane-producing zone.

By fully considering the biochemical reaction requirements in the anaerobic digestion fermentation tank, an anaerobic fermentation mixing device that actively pushes materials is set up, so that the materials can react progressively in an intermittent feeding mode according to the orderly process of acidification and methanation. Different anaerobic biochemical effects provide segmented temperature detection and control, which improves the polymerization effect of anaerobic fermentation bacteria and prevents the simulated effect of large accumulation of organic acids on methanogenic bacteria; in addition, under the propulsion of the mechanical stirring device, Materials are slowly pushed from the front-end acidification stage to the methane production stage, which can promote heat and mass transfer and gas escape during the fermentation process of high-solid materials; the two anaerobic reaction stages have different requirements on the shear force, suspension state, and disturbance state of stirring. requirements, and the coaxial and different-speed driving method is conducive to improving the mixing efficiency, avoiding the inhibitory effect between different anaerobic bacteria, and shortening the hydraulic retention time of the anaerobic digestate. The mixing device has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, maintain and inspect.

It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that these entities or operations are mutually exclusive. any such actual relationship or sequence exists between them. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprises," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also those not expressly listed other elements, or elements inherent to the process, method, article or equipment. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprises a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the stated element.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. The method for preparing the biogas by utilizing the high-solid organic waste sequential anaerobic fermentation device is characterized by comprising a stirring driving mechanism (1), a stirring shaft (2), an anaerobic fermentation tank (4), a flange coupler (5), a frame (6), a plug-flow stirrer (7), a first stirring mechanism (8), a second stirring mechanism (9), a flange (10), a supporting ring (11), a disc-shaped sealing head (12), a cylindrical barrel (18), a first thermometer detection port (19), a first artificial observation port (20), a stirring paddle (21), an air pressure detection port (23), a second artificial observation port (24), an overflow discharge port (41), a heating jacket assembly (42), a first saddle (44), a second sand discharge port (47), a second saddle (49), a feed port (60), a first sand discharge port (61), a second thermometer detection port (73), an air outlet (74) and a third thermometer detection port (75); the method is characterized in that: the main body of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) consists of a cylindrical barrel (18), the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) is fixedly arranged at the top of a first saddle (44) and a second saddle (49), dish-shaped sealing heads (12) are fixedly arranged at the two ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4), a feed inlet (60) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of one end of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4), an overflow discharge port (41) and a biogas outlet (74) are fixedly arranged at the top of the other end of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4), a first thermometer detection port (19), a first human observation port (20), a second thermometer detection port (73), a barometric detection port (23), a second human observation port (24) and a third thermometer detection port (75) are sequentially and fixedly arranged at the top of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4), a first sand discharge port (61), a second sand discharge port (47) are sequentially and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4), a push flow stirrer (7) is fixedly arranged at the two ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) in the direction of the second saddle (49), a push stirrer (7) and a stirring shaft (2) and stirring shaft (21) are respectively arranged at the two ends of the stirring shaft (2) and the stirring shaft (12) respectively, the stirring driving mechanism (1) is fixed on the outer walls of two ends of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) through a frame (6), the stirring driving mechanism (1) comprises a first stirring mechanism (8) and a second stirring mechanism (9), the stirring driving mechanism (1) at one end of the feed inlet (60) is the first stirring mechanism (8), the stirring driving mechanism (1) at one end of the overflow discharge outlet (41) is the second stirring mechanism (9), the stirring driving mechanism (1) is formed by a screw driver and a speed reducing mechanism and is arranged on the frame (6), the frame (6) is fixed on the center of a disc-shaped sealing head (12) of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) through a flange (10) and a supporting ring (11), the stirring driving mechanism (1) drives a stirring shaft (2) to rotate through a flange coupler (5), a heating jacket assembly (42) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the lower half part of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4), the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) forms an included angle of 2-4 DEG with the horizontal ground, the inner diameter of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) is mm, the length is 15034mm, and the minimum thickness of the steel plate is 14mm;

the method comprises the following steps:

pumping pretreated organic solid waste into an anaerobic fermentation tank (4) from a feed inlet (60), injecting hot water at 60 ℃ into the whole jacket layer (100) from a jacket hot water inlet, and starting a first stirring mechanism (8) at 20r/min, so that materials are rapidly heated, and the materials are promoted to be fully mixed to start to undergo hydrolysis acidification reaction;

secondly, when the temperature monitored by the three temperature detection ports reaches 30-37 ℃, hot water at about 45 ℃ is injected into the jacket layer (100) to perform constant temperature control on the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) and the materials, and the speed of the first stirring mechanism (8) is reduced to 12r/min so as to be beneficial to the smooth start of the anaerobic reaction, and the hydraulic retention time of the materials is about 20 days;

step three, fermenting and entering a peak period of gas production starting on the 3 rd day, fully stirring the materials by a first stirring mechanism (8) and slowly pushing the materials to a methane production area, starting a second stirring mechanism (9), and intermittently stirring at a stirring frequency of 5-10 minutes per hour;

step four, intermittently supplementing materials in the reactor according to the volume of the cylindrical barrel (18) and the feeding amount in unit time in the fermentation process to form extrusion type pushing so as to realize continuous anaerobic fermentation, and simultaneously, improving the speed of a first stirring mechanism (8), injecting hot water at 60 ℃ from a first hot water inlet (62) of a front-stage jacket, and heating fresh materials; fifthly, when the temperature monitored by the three temperature detection ports reaches 30-37 ℃ again, injecting hot water at 45 ℃ into the jacket layer (100) to perform constant temperature control on the tank body, and then repeating the third and fourth steps;

step six, when the fermentation tank is filled with materials for full-load operation, the acidification area and the methane-generating area are obviously differentiated due to poor fluidity of the high-viscosity materials and gravity and pressure of the methane-generating area, the organic load rate of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) device is improved, and the hydraulic retention time of the materials can be properly shortened to about 15 days compared with the starting stage;

step seven, materials in the tank body slowly enter the methane-producing area from the acid-producing area under the extrusion of new materials and the pushing action of the stirring paddles (21), the generated biogas is collected from the biogas outlet (74), the biogas slurry and the biogas residue are discharged from the overflow discharge port (41), and in the whole anaerobic fermentation process, the stirring rate of the acid-producing area is greater than that of the methane-producing area.

2. The method for preparing biogas by using the high-solid organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the stirring shaft (2) is made of alloy steel with the thickness of 12mm, the structure is a sealed hollow metal cylinder, the stirring shaft (2) is divided into a front section and a rear section according to the proportion of 1:1, the front section and the rear section of the stirring shaft (2) are fixedly connected through a sliding coupler (3), the sliding coupler (3) is fixedly supported on a cylinder reinforcing section (22) in an anaerobic fermentation tank (4) through two shaft end bearings (82), stirring paddles (21) are fixedly mounted on the stirring shaft (2), and the front section and the rear section of the stirring shaft (2) are fixedly supported on two ends of the inner wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) through a first shaft middle bearing (81) and a second shaft middle bearing (83).

3. The method for preparing biogas by using the high-solid organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the stirring paddle (21) comprises a baffle (91), inclined rods (92) and a middle rod (93), one ends of the middle rod (93) and the two inclined rods (92) are fixed on the stirring shaft (2), a trapezoid baffle (91) is arranged between the two inclined rods (92), the inclined edge of the trapezoid baffle (91) forms an included angle of 60 degrees with the middle rod (93), an included angle of 85 degrees is formed between the whole stirring paddle (21) and the stirring shaft (2), the stirring paddles (21) are uniformly arranged along the direction of the stirring shaft (2) according to a spiral line, the interval between every two adjacent stirring paddles (21) is 350mm, the included angle is 30 degrees, and the gap between the top of the middle rod (93) and the inner wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) is 50mm.

4. The method for preparing biogas by using the high-solid organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: special stirring paddles (64) are fixedly arranged in disc-shaped sealing heads (12) at two ends in the anaerobic fermentation tank (4), and the interval between each special stirring paddle (64) and each adjacent stirring paddle (21) is 275mm.

5. A method for producing biogas by using a high solids content organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation apparatus according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the ratio of the length of the stirring paddle (21) to the diameter of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) is 0.90-0.92.

6. The method for preparing biogas by using the high-solid organic waste progressive anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the heating jacket assembly (42) consists of a jacket layer (100), wherein the jacket layer (100) is axially and averagely divided into a front section, a middle section and a rear section, the three jacket layers are mutually independent, an independent first hot water inlet (62), a second hot water inlet (66), a third hot water inlet (69), a first hot water outlet (65), a second hot water outlet (68), a third hot water outlet (71) and a plurality of exhaust ports (63) are respectively arranged at the three jacket layers, sectional temperature control is realized, the first hot water inlet (62), the second hot water inlet (66), the third hot water inlet (69) are positioned at the lower edge of the jacket layer (100), the first hot water outlet (65), the second hot water outlet (68) and the third hot water outlet are positioned at the upper edge of the jacket layer (100), the exhaust ports (63) are positioned at the bottommost part of the jacket layer (100), the jacket layer (100) is outside, the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) is externally wrapped with a heat preservation layer (72), the jacket layer (100) and the outer wall of the anaerobic fermentation tank (4) is separated by 30mm, and the heating jacket assembly has a hollow jacket thickness of 30mm.