CN107282601B - Buried house refuse is reduced resource integrated device and its processing method - Google Patents
Buried house refuse is reduced resource integrated device and its processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107282601B CN107282601B CN201710564134.XA CN201710564134A CN107282601B CN 107282601 B CN107282601 B CN 107282601B CN 201710564134 A CN201710564134 A CN 201710564134A CN 107282601 B CN107282601 B CN 107282601B
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- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 35
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of buried house refuse to be reduced resource integrated device and its processing method, belongs to field of environment protection equipment.Device is integrally located at below ground, above the ground sets the dustbin being connected with breaker, and bottom of the barrel can open downwards completes follow-up recycling treatment below ground so that rubbish enters.The breaker that the rubbish to drop first passes through immediately below dustbin crushes, and then falls into layer-transferred hot fermentation cylinder；The feed inlet of layer-transferred hot fermentation cylinder is at above-mentioned breaker, its discharge port is located at the cylinder other end and is connected with vibrating screen；The outlet of vibrating screen oversize connects automatic material return system, and plastics stripping device is set in the system；Device is equipped with lifting structures.The present invention is suitable for the sludge reduction onsite recycling of cell house refuse, environmental sanitation and non-secondary pollution；Deep-controlled based on PLC module, automation, intelligence degree are high；Device internal structure is compact, saves civil engineering cost, convenient for disassembly and assembly, easy to maintain.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment protection equipment, and in particular to a kind of buried house refuse be reduced resource integrated device and
Its processing method.
Background technology
With the propulsion of China's urbanization step, urban population ratio increases rapidly.2015, national cities and towns permanent resident population
771160000 people, account for total population proportion 56.10%, go up 1.33 percentage points than last year.At the same time, with living material water
Flat raising, rubbish total output have obvious rising, and China's house refuse total output has reached 1.92 hundred million tons within 2015, increasingly increases
Contradiction between long quantity of refuse and the end-o f-pipe -control facility of scarce capacity highlights.For this reason,《" 13 " whole nation urban life rubbish
Rubbish harmless treatment Facilities Construction plans (exposure draft)》Point out, municipality directly under the Central Government, cities specifically designated in the state plan and provincial capital (built-up areas)
Level of harmless treatment rate of life waste reaches 100%；It is (new that other the planned city levels of harmless treatment rate of life waste reach more than 95%
Except boundary, Tibet), county town (built-up areas) level of harmless treatment rate of life waste reaches more than 80% (except Xinjiang, Tibet), organizational system
Town level of harmless treatment rate of life waste reaches more than 70%.But urban land resource is short, refuse landfill excess load fortune
OK；Waste incineration neighbour keeps away operation and continues, and it is difficult to create incineration plant landing.Therefore, develop Sources decreasing resource treatment technique with
Corollary equipment has important practical significance.
At present, existing certain applications are in the minimizing resource technology and equipment in house refuse field, but existing equipment is certainly
Dynamicization degree is low, and microbial inoculum auxiliary material is costly, takes up a large area, and auxiliary facility is numerous and diverse, secondary pollution (exhaust gas, waste water) seriously, ring
The problems such as border sanitary condition is severe, it is impossible to adapt to that land resource is in short supply and municipal refuse feature, seriously limit urban life rubbish
It is organic in rubbish can the rotten recycling of component and the Sources decreasing of house refuse.In addition, existing waste reduction recycling
Equipment integrating largely use composting mode, and the compost product part in composting process is handled directly as feed back, another portion
Exceptionally running is flowers matrix, organic fertilizer etc..By applicants have found that, although the compost product of feed back can be to delivered fresh
Material carries out microbial inoculant, but substantial amounts of decomposed material is contained in this mode, therefore its porosity, micro- life
Thing content is relatively low, is not only causing microbe inoculation amount insufficient after being mixed with fresh material, can also destroy aerobic fermentation in material
Environment.Therefore, there is an urgent need for research and develop a set of buried decrement recycling equipment integrating for being directed to domestic waste and its place
Reason method, realizes the Sources decreasing and recycling of domestic waste.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve problems of the prior art, and provide a kind of buried house refuse decrement
Resource integrated device and its processing method.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows：
Buried house refuse is reduced resource integrated device, including apparatus main body and dustbin, dustbin are arranged at ground
On face, rubbish bottom of the barrel opens up the garbage outlet of controllable opening and closing, the feed inlet of garbage outlet docking facilities main body；Apparatus main body
Locate below ground level, and equipped with the lifting structures for being used to apparatus main body lifting into ground；Apparatus main body includes breaker, hair
Ferment device, screening plant and feeding back device, the breaker are arranged at below the feed inlet of apparatus main body, breaker
Discharge port connects the feed inlet of installation for fermenting, and the rubbish fallen from the feed inlet of apparatus main body enters after breaker crushes
Installation for fermenting ferments；The discharge port rear end connection screening plant of installation for fermenting, screenings are collected by collection device, and oversize is by returning
Material device is delivered in breaker, is mixed with new refuse broken；The Waste gas outlet and discharge of wastewater mouth of installation for fermenting point
Processing unit is not connected to it.
Preferably, the rubbish bottom of the barrel is equipped with the pressure sensor for being used for sensing garbage weight in bucket, and in bucket
Equipped with for identifying that the color sensor of refuse bag color is with for sensing the concentration equipment for whether having metal in rubbish, pressing in bucket
Force snesor, color sensor and concentration equipment are connected to control device, the opening and closing for feedback control garbage outlet.
Preferably, the collection device and/or processing unit is separately provided the act for being useful for its lifting ground
Rise structure.
Preferably, the installation for fermenting uses layer-transferred fermentation reactor, reactor includes cylinder and stirring fills
Put, agitating device includes：
One central shaft；
One is used for the axial conveyor screw for pushing material, and conveyor screw is fixed on the central shaft side and from shaft end with one heart
It is in tapering type extension to axis centre position；
And some stirrer paddles, stirrer paddle are coaxially fixed on the central shaft opposite side with conveyor screw；
Central shaft is arranged concentrically in cylinder, and cylinder sets feed inlet close to conveyor screw side, close to stirrer paddle side
Equipped with discharge port.
Further, condensation liquor collecting device is equipped with the inner cavity of the installation for fermenting above material, is sent out for collecting
The condensed water for volatilizing and condensing during ferment.
Further, the inner cavity top of the installation for fermenting forms triangle, both sides inclined-plane lower section by two inclined-planes
Diversion trench being both provided with, it is not back to fermentation materials with the condensation water collection on inclined-plane for will be condensed in fermentation process
In.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Domestic Waste Minimization method using above-mentioned integrated apparatus, bag
Include following steps：
1) after rubbish is introduced into dustbin, rubbish classification is identified with concentration equipment by color sensor, if knowing
The sorting rubbish bag of entrance is clipped to as non-targeted color or is recognized in rubbish there are metal, then dustbin sends alert notification and falls
Rubbish person takes the rubbish away；The pressure sensor record weight that rubbish bottom of the barrel is set, if the rubbish in dustbin exceedes weight
In the rubbish of threshold value and inside when non-targeted color refuse bag or metal be not present, unlatching dustbin bottom opening, make rubbish into
Enter breaker；
2) mixed material is broken after device crushes and enters in installation for fermenting, and rubbish is completed under the cooperation stirred and be aerated
Aerobic fermentation, the condensed water that inner cavity top is condensed in fermentation process go out installation for fermenting by diversion tank platoon；It is decomposed after fermentation
Material enters screening plant from the discharge port of installation for fermenting, and oversize enters feeding back device, and screenings is collected into collection dress
In putting；
3) collect to be lifted to more than ground by the collection device timing of screenings and carry out cleaning outward transport, and oversize is by modeling
It is delivered in breaker by feeding back device after material stripping, is together broken as feed back and Fresh Life rubbish；
4) processing unit is periodically lifted to more than ground, completes to be down to ground again after waste water outward transport or replacement
Below.
The present invention in terms of existing technologies, has the advantages that：
1st, the present invention can realize that land resource zero takes, and save construction investment, solve that urban land resource is in short supply asks
Topic.Buried house refuse is reduced resource integrated device to be embedded in below cell classification dustbin placement area, at original position
House refuse is managed, garbage classification accuracy greatly improved, reduce Domestic Waste Collection freight volume, improve domestic garbage resource
Utilization rate, fertilizer product can also dissolve in the gardens in the region, reduce park maintenance expense.
2nd, the present invention need not add microbial bacterial agent and related conditioner.Vibrating screen oversize is that particle is larger, ferments
Incomplete material, microbiologic population's species are enriched.Oversize in proportion feed back to ferment cylinder in, it can be achieved that：1) ferment endless
Full oversize carries out secondary fermentation；2) it is fresh material microbe inoculation；3) fresh material moisture content and porosity are adjusted.
3rd, total system and apparatus structure of the present invention are compact, convenient for disassembly and assembly, easy to maintain.
4th, during hot fermentation, since microorganism heat production promotes substantial amounts of moisture to steam in conventional cylindrical tube body
Hair, forms more condensed water, this partial condensation water can be fallen in round again after aggregation, water at the top of cylinder
Fermentation temperature can be reduced, slow down material heating rate, reduce that material is decomposed and desiccation speed by point returning to material.The present invention is to fermentation
The inner barrel of container adds condensation liquor collecting device, and choked flow is carried out to condensed water, it is ensured that fermentation temperature and heating rate,
Accelerate material desiccation with it is decomposed.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram that buried house refuse is reduced resource integrated device in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the core component arrangement schematic diagram that buried house refuse is reduced resource integrated device in embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of installation for fermenting in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the external structure schematic diagram of dustbin；
Fig. 5 is the structural perspective of dustbin；
Fig. 6 is the core component arrangement schematic diagram that buried house refuse is reduced resource integrated device in embodiment 2；
In figure：Crusher 1, fermentation cylinder 2, elevator 3, vibrating screen 4, collecting vessel 5, pulley 6, pollutant treatment device 7,
Exhaust pipe 8, hydraulic pressure lift bar 9, rack 10, dustbin 11, bung 1101, side openings 1102, pressure sensor 1103, device
Main body feed inlet 1104, concentration equipment 1105, fermentation cylinder body 201, fermentation cylinder head cover 202, diversion trench 203.
Embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated and illustrated with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Each technology is special in the present invention
Sign can carry out respective combination on the premise of not colliding with each other.
Embodiment 1
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, a kind of buried house refuse is reduced resource integrated device, apparatus main body be located at ground with
Under, the structures of storing apparatus main body can be excavated in advance.Apparatus main body includes crusher, fermentation cylinder, vibrating screen and feed back dress
Put, integral erection is in the rack of a steel construction, and rack is respectively arranged with hydraulic pressure lift bar on four angles, hydraulic pressure lift bar
Bottom is supported on the underground structure bottom surface of storing apparatus main body, for apparatus main body lifting to be gone out ground.In the present embodiment,
Fermentation cylinder uses the layer-transferred fermentation reactor provided in the patent of invention of Application No. 201510981168.X, i.e., in reactor
Including cylinder and agitating device, agitating device includes：One central shaft, a conveyor screw for being used for axial push material, it is defeated
Square auger is fixed on the central shaft side and is in tapering type extension from shaft end to axis centre position with one heart, and some agitating paddles
Leaf, stirrer paddle are coaxially fixed on the central shaft opposite side with conveyor screw.Central shaft is arranged concentrically in cylinder, and cylinder is close
Conveyor screw side sets feed inlet, and discharge port is equipped with close to stirrer paddle side.The laying standard of stirrer paddle is：Rotating through
The push power along central shaft axial direction is not produced in journey, a kind of implementation is laid in the different footpaths of central shaft for multi-disc stirrer paddle
To in plane, and the paddle type that the stirrer paddle in each plane is formed is that straight leaf opens turbine type.The reactor can lead to
Cross agitating device to realize to form layering fermentation system, improve exported product quality.
Crusher is arranged at below the feed inlet of apparatus main body, and the feed inlet of apparatus main body can flush in ground setting,
For supplying user's garbage throwing.The discharge port of crusher falls above the feed inlet of fermentation cylinder from the feed inlet of apparatus main body
Under rubbish after crusher in crushing, into fermentation cylinder fermentation.Ferment cylinder discharge port rear end by elevator by material lifting
To vibrating screen.After material is sieved by vibrating screen, it is divided into oversize and screenings, screenings requires particle smaller to reach decomposed
Fermented product directly collected by collecting vessel；Screenings purity belongs to decomposed biomass resource more than 95%, can direct agriculture
With.And oversize particle is larger, still stay on compass screen surface, it is not yet completely decomposed to reach fermentation requirement.Oversize can be store in advance
It is stored in collection vessel or is directly delivered to by feeding back devices such as conveyer belts in crusher, is mixed with new refuse broken.
There is abundant microbiologic population's species in vibrating screen oversize, compared to the method for directly adding microbial bacterial agent or will send out
The method of the direct feed back of ferment product, is conducive to the incomplete oversize progress secondary fermentation that ferments, at the same time also by oversize feed back
Fresh material moisture content and porosity can be adjusted.
The Waste gas outlet and discharge of wastewater mouth of fermentation cylinder are respectively connected to pollutant treatment device, pollutant treatment
The gas of device is led to more than ground by exhaust pipe.And collecting vessel and pollutant treatment device are separately provided and are useful for it
Lifting goes out the lifting structures on ground, individually can be transported outward and be overhauled.
As shown in figure 3, the fermentation cylinder 2 of the present embodiment is made of fermentation cylinder body 201 and fermentation cylinder head cover 202, ferment cylinder
Head cover 202 forms triangle by two inclined-planes, diversion trench 203 is both provided with below the inclined-plane of both sides, for by fermentation process
Condense makes it not be back in fermentation materials with the condensation water collection on inclined-plane.Certainly, the cylinder head cover 202 that ferments can not also be set as
Triangle, if material above have one condensation liquor collecting device, can collect volatilize and condense in fermentation process it is cold
Condensate, makes it be back in fermentation materials.
Above-mentioned integrated apparatus can integrally be embedded in below ground, without taking ground space, but also can be effective
Secondary pollution (exhaust gas, waste water) is controlled, builds good environmental sanitation condition.The device can be used alone, can also be with rubbish
Bucket is used cooperatively, and when being used cooperatively with dustbin, dustbin, rubbish bottom of the barrel can be provided with above the feed inlet of apparatus main body
Open up the garbage outlet of controllable opening and closing, the feed inlet of garbage outlet docking facilities main body.
In the present embodiment, the main part of integrated apparatus is same as Example 1, but dustbin is optimized and is set
Meter, to improve the rubbish content of organic matter into integrated apparatus.As shown in Figures 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, 11 bottom of dustbin
Equipped with 4 pressure sensors 1103 for being used to sense garbage weight in bucket, and it is equipped with bucket and is used to identify refuse bag color in bucket
Color sensor with for sensing the concentration equipment 1105 that whether has metal in rubbish, pressure sensor 1103, color sensing
Device and concentration equipment 1105 are connected to control device, the opening and closing for feedback control garbage outlet.User is by opening bung
1101 lose rubbish in dustbin, can also take rubbish away from side openings 1102.
The species of rubbish can be identified by color sensor and concentration equipment, rejects the rubbish that can not be degraded.Color passes
The identification of sensor is realized based on refuse bag color, in the garbage classification system carried out energetically in current city, rubbish from cooking
Refuse bag generally using green, therefore if recognize entrance sorting rubbish bag be non-green if think that this rubbish is not food waste
Rubbish.And concentration equipment is due to that with magnetism, can recognize and whether there is metal in rubbish.If both recognize entrance
The rubbish of dustbin is not rubbish from cooking or there are metal, then sends alarm sound, prompting need to be taken away from dustbin side openings
The rubbish；If the sorting rubbish bag for recognizing entrance is green (organic domestic waste) and recognizes there is no metal, do not send out
Go out alarm.When the garbage weight in the dustbin that pressure sensor senses exceedes predetermined value, bucket bottom is opened, and rubbish is from device
Main body feed inlet 1104 is crushed into crusher.
Whole integrated apparatus can realize automated control by PLC, be subtracted using the house refuse of the integrated apparatus
Quantization method is specific as follows：
1) rubbish is poured into dustbin, and rubbish classification is identified with concentration equipment by color sensor, if identification
Sorting rubbish bag to entrance for non-targeted color or is recognized in rubbish there are metal, then dustbin sends alert notification and falls rubbish
Rubbish person takes the rubbish away；The pressure sensor record weight that rubbish bottom of the barrel is set, if the rubbish in dustbin exceedes weight threshold
When non-targeted color refuse bag or metal is not present in the rubbish of value and inside, dustbin bottom opening is opened, enters rubbish
Crusher, new refuse is mixed with oversize feed back and is crushed.
2) mixed material is crushed into the particle that particle diameter is less than 3cm~5cm, then under the shearing, extruding of broken cutter tooth
In fermentation cylinder immediately below falling to, and material is axially promoted by the conveyor screw inside fermentation cylinder, rubbish is being stirred and is being aerated
Cooperation under complete the aerobic fermentation of 8~10 days.
3) discharge hole for discharge of decomposed material from the fermentation cylinder other end falls to the vibrating screen of underface, and screenings enters
In collecting vessel.
4) collecting vessel is periodically lifted to more than ground and is cleared up and transported outward, oversize complete plastics stripping after by manually or
Person carrys out microbe inoculation, while also may be used by being mixed at feeding back device automatic transport to crusher with new refuse as feed back
To adjust moisture content and porosity.
5) when the waste water liquid level in pollutant treatment device reaches liquid level gauge or exhaust-gas treatment filler needs replacing, give up
Water emission-control equipment is lifted to more than ground, completes to be down to below ground again after waste water outward transport or replacement.
In general, collecting vessel need to be lifted to more than ground daily completes organic fertilizer outward transport, pollutant treatment device
Periodically it is lifted to ground and carries out waste water outward transport, exhaust-gas treatment replacement, fermentation cylinder, screening machine and other unit modules is only being examined
Lifted when repairing.
Crusher PLC program control under can forward and reverse, if there is stall situation, PLC to motor of crusher send
Stop signal, waits 15s and then sends reverse signal to crusher, after inverting 30s, send positive rotaring signal, release broken
Machine stall failure.
In fermenter can set temperature sensor, humidity sensor and oxygen concentration sensor internal yeasting is examined
Survey, while set resistance heater, aerator and stirring motor (being used to drive central shaft) to be carried out with negative pressure ventilation motor
Environmental parameter adjusts.In order to ensure good rubbish fermentation effect, following technology controlling and process can be carried out in fermentation process：If temperature
During less than 55 DEG C, PLC sends signal to resistance heater, and heating unit turns off after being opened into temperature more than 55 DEG C.If in addition,
Oxygen concentration be less than 10% when, aerator start to oxygen concentration be more than 15% after stop aeration.
Humidity sensor detects a static headspace gas humidity in fermentation cylinder>Temperature when 60% or in cylinder>At 70 DEG C, PLC is to hair
Ferment cylinder stirring motor sends working signal with negative pressure ventilation motor, when cylinder static headspace gas humidity<Temperature when 50% or in cylinder<70℃
Afterwards, PLC sends silence signal.
Embodiment 2
Compared with Example 1, the difference of the present embodiment is rounded at the top of fermentation cylinder cylinder, is not provided with condensed water receipts
Acquisition means, as shown in Figure 6.The condensed water for volatilizing and condensing in fermentation process is still back in fermentation materials.
The integrated apparatus of above three embodiment is used equally for that microbial bacterial agent and related conditioner need not be being added
In the case of ferment to house refuse.If the present invention combines the effect data of dry test below, so as to those skilled in the art
It is better understood upon the effect that each improvement of the present invention rises.
Experiment 1
This experiment uses the integrated apparatus of embodiment 1, specifically follows the steps below:
1) rubbish from cooking of classification is poured into dustbin successively, the non-organic rubbish of alarm is taken out from side, dustbin
Weight 50kg is recorded, by the oversize feed back 15kg of plastics stripping, fermentation cylinder is entered after being crushed together with fresh rubbish from cooking
It is interior.
2) operating parameter is adjusted to：Cylinder temperature of fermenting is more than 55 DEG C, and using intermittent aerating, aeration quantity 350L/min, exposes
Gas frequency 1min/40min, negative pressure ventilation are 10min/2h discontinuous operations, total fermentation time 15 days.During the fermentation, ferment
Cylinder static headspace gas humidity in cylinder>When 60% or when temperature reaches 70 DEG C, PLC to display signal an alert, meanwhile, PLC to
Stirring motor and negative pressure exhausting motor send working signal, heap body turning, amount of heat loss and are pulled out cylinder, cylinder static headspace gas
Humidity<50% or after temperature drops to less than 67 DEG C, stirring motor is stopped with pumping wind turbine；Oxygen concentration is less than 10%,
PLC to display signal an alert, meanwhile, PLC sends working signal to air compressor machine, etc. oxygen concentration be more than 15% after, PLC
Silence signal is sent to air compressor machine.
Experiment 2
This experiment uses the integrated apparatus of embodiment 1, but oversize does not do feed back processing, specifically according to following steps into
OK：
1) rubbish from cooking of classification is poured into dustbin successively, the non-organic rubbish of alarm is taken out from side, dustbin
Weight 50kg is recorded, microbial bacterial agent is added according to 2.0% ratio, enters after refuse breaking in fermentation cylinder.
2) follow-up operation parameter regulation is consistent with experiment 1.
Experiment 3
This experiment uses the integrated apparatus of embodiment 1, specifically follows the steps below：
1) rubbish from cooking of classification is poured into dustbin successively, the non-organic rubbish of alarm is taken out from side, dustbin
Weight 50kg is recorded, does not add any microbial bacterial agent or tunning feed back, rubbish from cooking enters after crushing in fermentation cylinder.
2) follow-up operation parameter regulation is consistent with experiment 1.
Experiment 4
This experiment uses the integrated apparatus of embodiment 1, but tunning is not sieved, specifically according to following steps
Carry out：
1) rubbish from cooking of classification is poured into dustbin successively, the non-organic rubbish of alarm is taken out from side, dustbin
Weight 50kg is recorded, is not sieved by the tunning of plastics stripping, directly takes 15kg feed backs, together with fresh rubbish from cooking
Enter after broken in fermentation cylinder.
2) follow-up operation parameter regulation is consistent with experiment 1.
Experiment 5
This experiment uses the integrated apparatus of embodiment 1, but does not enable color sensor with concentration equipment to rubbish classification
It is identified, specifically follows the steps below：
1) rubbish from cooking is directly poured into dustbin without classification, by the rubbish and warp with testing 1 identical weight
The oversize feed back 15kg mixing of plastics stripping is crossed, is entered after crushing together in fermentation cylinder.
2) follow-up operation parameter regulation is consistent with experiment 1.
Experiment 6
This experiment uses the integrated apparatus of embodiment 2, test procedure and technological parameter identical with experiment 1.
Above-mentioned each experiment procedure parameter and tunning performance are as follows, and 1d represents compost the 1st day, remaining is similar：
1 feed back of table, addition microbial inoculum, not influence of the feed back to fermentation process
Testing the difference of 1, experiment 2 and experiment 3 is：Experiment 1 with the addition of carries out feed back, examination by the oversize of plastics stripping
Test 2 and with the addition of microbial bacterial agent promotion fermentation, experiment 3 is added without feed back without microbial inoculum.Material is sent out by the aerobic high-heat of 15 days
After ferment, material is substantially decomposed, and the screenings after screening is the decomposed material of particle diameter very little, and oversize is that particle is larger, ferments not
Complete material.The incomplete material of this Partial digestion contains substantial amounts of superior microorganism still in the interstage of fermentation, compared with
Microbial bacterial agent on the market or not the operation of feed back can be more efficiently inoculated with for fresh material, increase microorganism
Amount, accelerates material programming rate, accelerates the degraded of organic matter and the desiccation of moisture.Meanwhile the incomplete thing of this Partial fermentation
Material realizes secondary degraded, improves equipment own resources efficiency.Finally, in three contrast tests, 1 seed hair is tested
It is substantially more preferable to indicate the decomposed degree of material in experiment 1 apparently higher than experiment 2 and experiment 3 for bud rate.
Experiment 1 and the difference of experiment 4 are：Experiment 4 has carried out feed back after plastics stripping does not sieve.Feed back operation be by
Feed back and fresh material mix according to a certain percentage ferments, and tests 4 pairs of materials and does not sieve, hair is contained in feed back
The complete material of ferment, have adjusted the moisture content of fresh material to a certain extent, but the inoculation for microorganism is without the effect of experiment 1
Fruit is obvious, and microbe inoculation amount is on the low side.And since the particle diameter of decomposed material is smaller, the hole between fresh material is plugged, is made
Into sluggish in air circulation, anoxic even anaerobic environment is formed, is unfavorable for aerobic fermentation.
Experiment 1 and the difference of experiment 5 are：The fresh material of experiment 5 is not identified by front end classification garbage can, is mixed into
Many non-rubbishes from cooking, material heating rate are decreased obviously, and the content of organic matter is low, its degradation rate is relatively low, final material fermentation
Not exclusively, decomposed degree is low.
Experiment 1 and the difference of experiment 6 are：Experiment 6 employs the circular fermentation cylinder in embodiment 3, and originally material heating is just
Often, when a large amount of microbial degradation organic matters, substantial amounts of heat is generated.It is changed into after moisture absorption among material heat
Vapor evaporation rises, and is partly pulled out fermentation cylinder, and the steam for having little time to take away runs into that to be condensed into liquid behind cylinder top attached on the top
At top, surface of material is fallen to again after pooling drop afterwards.The specific heat capacity of water is very big, and a large amount of condensed waters absorb heat
Amount, reduces the temperature of material in itself, has slowed down the process of whole fermentation, finally have impact on rotten degree and water after material fermentation
Divide and remove.
Embodiment described above is a kind of preferable scheme of the present invention, and so it is not intended to limiting the invention.Have
The those of ordinary skill of technical field is closed, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes can also be made
Change and modification.Therefore the technical solution that all modes for taking equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation are obtained, all falls within the guarantor of the present invention
In the range of shield.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Domestic Waste Minimization method of integrated apparatus, the integrated apparatus includes apparatus main body and rubbish
Bucket, dustbin are arranged on ground, and rubbish bottom of the barrel opens up the garbage outlet of controllable opening and closing, garbage outlet docking facilities main body
Feed inlet；Apparatus main body locates below ground level, and equipped with the lifting structures for being used to apparatus main body lifting into ground；Device master
Body includes breaker, installation for fermenting, screening plant and feeding back device, and the breaker is arranged at the charging of apparatus main body
Below mouthful, the feed inlet of the discharge port connection installation for fermenting of breaker, from the rubbish that the feed inlet of apparatus main body is fallen through broken
After crushing device crushes, ferment into installation for fermenting；The discharge port rear end connection screening plant of installation for fermenting, screenings are filled by collecting
Collection is put, oversize is delivered in breaker by feeding back device, is mixed with new refuse broken；The exhaust gas discharge of installation for fermenting
Mouth and discharge of wastewater mouth are respectively connected to processing unit；
The rubbish bottom of the barrel is equipped with the pressure sensor for being used for sensing garbage weight in bucket, and is equipped with bucket and is used to identify bucket
The color sensor of interior refuse bag color senses the concentration equipment for whether having metal in rubbish, pressure sensor, color with being used for
Sensor and concentration equipment are connected to control device, the opening and closing for feedback control garbage outlet；
The inner cavity top of the installation for fermenting forms triangle by two inclined-planes, and water conservancy diversion is both provided with below the inclined-plane of both sides
Groove, for making it not be back in fermentation materials the condensation water collection being condensed in fermentation process on inclined-plane；
It is characterised in that it includes following steps：
1) after rubbish is introduced into dustbin, rubbish classification is identified with concentration equipment by color sensor, if recognizing
The sorting rubbish bag of entrance is non-targeted color or recognizes in rubbish there are metal, then dustbin sends alert notification and tips rubbish
Person takes the rubbish away；The pressure sensor record weight that rubbish bottom of the barrel is set, if the rubbish in dustbin exceedes weight threshold
And when non-targeted color refuse bag or metal is not present in internal rubbish, dustbin bottom opening is opened, enter rubbish broken
Crushing device；
2) mixed material is broken after device crushes and enters in installation for fermenting, and rubbish is completed aerobic under the cooperation stirred and be aerated
Ferment, the condensed water that inner cavity top is condensed in fermentation process goes out installation for fermenting by diversion tank platoon；Decomposed material after fermentation
Enter screening plant from the discharge port of installation for fermenting, oversize enters feeding back device, and screenings is collected into collection device；
3) the screenings timing collected by collection device, which is lifted to more than ground, carries out cleaning outward transport, and oversize is blown by plastics
It is delivered in breaker by feeding back device after de-, is together broken as feed back and Fresh Life rubbish；
4) processing unit is periodically lifted to more than ground, complete waste water outward transport or replacement after be down to again ground with
Under.
2. Domestic Waste Minimization method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the collection device and/or processing
Device is separately provided the lifting structures for being useful for its lifting ground.
3. Domestic Waste Minimization method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the installation for fermenting uses layer-transferred
Fermentation reactor, reactor include cylinder and agitating device, and agitating device includes：
One central shaft；
One is used for the axial conveyor screw for pushing material, and conveyor screw is fixed on the central shaft side and from shaft end to axis with one heart
Centre position is in tapering type extension；
And some stirrer paddles, stirrer paddle are coaxially fixed on the central shaft opposite side with conveyor screw；
Central shaft is arranged concentrically in cylinder, and cylinder sets feed inlet close to conveyor screw side, is equipped with close to stirrer paddle side
Discharge port.
4. Domestic Waste Minimization method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that thing in the inner cavity of the installation for fermenting
Material top is equipped with condensation liquor collecting device, for collecting the condensed water for volatilizing and condensing in fermentation process.
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| CN109976416A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-05 | 上海创净生物环保科技有限公司 | The environmental control system and method for organic garbage disposal |
| CN108587872A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-09-28 | 江苏巨邦环境工程集团股份有限公司 | A kind of novel underground movable organic compression collection device |
| CN108503398B (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2024-03-12 | 南宁市博发科技有限公司 | Aerobic fermentation equipment of full-automatic sealed sanitation garbage |
| CN110355188B (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2022-04-22 | 浙江大学 | Smart garbage classification in-situ reduction recycling system based on multiple land utilization |
| CN111360027A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-07-03 | 广东利世康低碳科技有限公司 | Small intensive kitchen waste treatment method |
| CN111574263B (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2021-10-26 | 清华大学 | Micro-pressure high-temperature organic solid waste treatment system and method with quick microbial start |
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