CN107345364B - 一种织物功能剂及其用途 - Google Patents

一种织物功能剂及其用途 Download PDF

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CN107345364B
CN107345364B CN201710560549.XA CN201710560549A CN107345364B CN 107345364 B CN107345364 B CN 107345364B CN 201710560549 A CN201710560549 A CN 201710560549A CN 107345364 B CN107345364 B CN 107345364B
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张振雄
许磊
计红梅
顾益明
张俊
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种织物功能剂及其用途，该功能剂包括重量份计的以下组分：苏叶提取物1‑5份、杜松提取物1‑5份、没食子鞣酸1‑6份、罗布麻叶提取物1‑5份、烷基磺酸苯酯0.5‑2份、丙二醇1‑4份、水70‑100份。使用方法是：将功能剂添加于胶体中，浓度为20‑100ml/kg，搅拌均匀后，丝绸织物在轧车一浸一轧或二浸二轧后，在105℃下汽蒸30‑50min，60℃下水洗后烘干。本发明所提供的功能剂在胶体介质加工工艺中可以重复使用，利用率高，具有整理效果更好、节水，加工成本低的特点。处理后的织物可同时获得多种功能效果，适合高档环保丝绸多功能产品。

Description

一种织物功能剂及其用途
技术领域
本发明涉及一种功能剂，适用于真丝、羊毛、棉、麻、再生纤维素纤维织物及混纺交织织物的新型胶体介质加工工艺。
背景技术
纺织品的功能整理是通过物理、化学或者物理与化学联合的加工方法，改善织物外观和内在质量，提高其服用性能或赋予其特殊功能的加工过程。常见的功能整理剂有柔软剂、抗菌整理剂、抗静电整理剂、防紫外线整理剂、阻燃整理剂，酶整理剂等，这些整理剂要求具有良好的环保特性、生产的安全性、最终产品无毒副作用且功能持久，但现有功能整理剂一般为化学合成物，有的整理剂可能含有甲醛等有害物质。
功能整理的方法可分为物理整理、化学整理和生物生态整理，其中物理整理包括：(1)浸渍法：该法适用于水溶性整理剂，与溶液形成均匀溶液的整理剂随着溶液渗透到纺织品纤维之间的空隙中，与纤维表面形成分子间表面吸附而附着在纺织品上，因为是物理吸附，相互间作用力较弱，结合牢度不高。(2)浸轧法：该法适用于整理剂能溶于水、在水中形成一定粘度且粘度不大的粘性溶液。使用时，被整理的纺织品进入溶液中，经过轧压使助剂随溶液被挤压到纺织品纤维间隙中，除去多余的溶液后经过烘培即可。因整理剂与纺织品的结合方式仍以相互作用力不强的物理吸附为主，结合牢度不太高，因而其耐磨、耐洗涤等指标值均不高。(3)涂层法：该法适用于粘度较高的粘流体或粘滞性半流体的整理剂。是将整理剂刮涂到纺织品上进行烘培，在烘培过程中，整理剂与纺织品纤维可以部分进行接枝聚合反应，或整理剂之间相互聚合，在纺织品外表面形成较牢的膜，这种整理法的结合牢度较高，耐用性好，缺点是纺织品的风格手感会受到整理剂较大的影响。化学整理是将纤维材料的单体与具有某些功能的大分子或单体进行共聚、接枝的化学反应，由于依靠的是内在结合力，牢度很高，具有永久的使用功能，缺点是技术性强，成本高，难度也大。生物生态整理是采用具有活性的生物酶来对纺织品进行整理，整理效果好，但对纺织品的手感风格特征的影响随着生物酶种类的不同而不同。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种织物功能剂，由多种天然环保的植物成分组成，适用于胶体介质加工工艺，可以重复使用，利用率高，具有整理效果更好、节水，加工成本低的特点。
处理后的织物可同时获得多种功能效果，适合高档环保丝绸多功能产品。关于丝绸胶体介质加工工艺，在之前的专利申请文件(一种织物整理的方法，专利申请号：201710067779.2)有所记载。
为实现上述发明目的，本发明采用了以下技术方案：
一种功能剂，包括重量份计的以下组分：苏叶提取物1-5份、杜松提取物1-5份、没食子鞣酸1-6份、罗布麻叶提取物1-5份、烷基磺酸苯酯0.5-2份、丙二醇1-4份、水70-100份。
上述功能剂的制备方法，是按比例称量各组分后，溶解在水中即可。
原料功能说明：苏叶提取物，主要成份为白苏醛、柠檬烯，可以提高处理后丝绸的抗菌性能，特别是金黄葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌抑菌效果；杜松提取物主要成分是松香酸异构体，提高处理后丝绸的抗菌性能，特别是金黄葡萄球菌；没食子鞣酸，用于提高胶体各组分稳定性，调节黏度的作用，发明人在实验中意外发现其本申请的添加范围内还能显著提高丝绸织物的抗皱性能；罗布麻叶提取物，主要成分是布麻叶芸香甙，添加后可赋予丝绸织物较好的防紫外线性能；烷基磺酸苯酯用于调节胶体介质的粘度，使得功能剂的有益成份能更好的作用于织物，提高功能效果。丙二醇能提高功能剂各成份的溶解性，促进其对织物的作用效果，并且有一定的粘度调节作用。
上述功能剂的使用方法：将配制好的功能剂添加于胶体中(胶体主要为淀粉胶体，由玉米淀粉7份，改性淀粉1份，葛根粉0.5份，水90份，加热后配制成淀粉胶体，具有环保、稳定性好的优点，适用于胶体加工技术)中，浓度为20-100ml/kg，搅拌均匀后，丝绸织物在轧车一浸一轧或二浸二轧后，在105℃下汽蒸30-50min(依据织物及加工需求情况调整)，60℃下水洗后烘干，获得的织物具有良好的抗菌、防紫外及防皱性能的多功能面料。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明做进一步的详细说明。
原料介绍：苏叶提取物(西安森冉生物工程有限公司)、杜松提取物(西安天瑞生物技术有限公司)、罗布麻叶提取物(陕西斯诺特生物技术有限公司)。
以下实施例及对比例中：胶体主要为淀粉胶体，由玉米淀粉7份，改性淀粉1份，葛根粉0.5份，水90份，加热后配制而成。
实施例1-3，对比例1-6和对比例10均应用于以玉米淀粉为主配制的胶体，对比例7-9均为普通水介质加工。
实施例1-3所采用的原料以及组分见表1所示：
表1
Figure BDA0001346972300000041
对比例1-6所采用的原料以及组分见表2所示：
表2
Figure BDA0001346972300000042
对比例7：
市售防皱整理剂DPH 6份、氯化镁(催化剂)1份、水95份。
对比例8：
市售抗菌整理剂TF 5份、水95份。
对比例9：
市售抗紫外整理剂HT 5份、水95份。
对比例10
市售防皱整理剂DPH 6份、市售抗菌整理剂TF 5份、市售抗紫外整理剂HT 5份、水20份、淀粉胶体100份。
将对比例与实施例2进行比较：
对比例1中缺少苏叶提取物，其处理后织物的大肠杆菌和金黄葡萄球菌抑菌率有所下降。
对比例2中缺少杜松提取物，其处理后织物的大肠杆菌和金黄葡萄球菌抑菌率有所下降，特别是金黄葡萄球菌抑菌率下降明显。
对比例3中缺少没食子鞣酸，处理后的织物防皱性能与实施例2相比，明显降低。
对比例4中缺少罗布麻叶提取物，处理后的织物防紫外性能与实施例2相比，明显降低。
对比例5中缺少烷基磺酸苯酯，处理后织物的各项性能略有下降，且胶体稳定性变差，胶体放置24h后粘度下降20％。实施例2的处理效果更佳，说明该成分能有效促进各组分对织物作用，提高处理效果。
对比例6中缺少丙二醇，有时胶体中会有少量未充分溶解的组分小颗粒存在，但实施例2中基本不会出现，说明其有较好的助溶效果。且当胶体粘度过大，影响加工时，加入少量的丙二醇即可调节粘度，又不影响加工效果。
对比例7-9为在水介质中单独进行功能处理的助剂应用例，应用方法是：织物在配制好的整理液中浸渍2min后，在轧车上二浸二轧，105℃下烘干后，在160℃下焙烘2min，然后再水洗，烘干。获得具有一定功能的织物。其应用效果较好，但部分参数还是比不上本专利的效果。对比例10将3种普通市售功能剂按照本专利的加工方法进行应用，但3种功能剂在胶体中混合后，出现凝胶现象，无法正常生产加工。这是由于几种功能剂在胶体中发生化学作用产生凝结导致的。
以丝竹缎丝绸面料(105g/m2)为例，实施例和对比例各项性能参数对比，结果见表3：
表3
Figure BDA0001346972300000061
数据说明：折皱回复角越大越好；UPF值大于30有较好的抗紫外性能；抑菌率大于75％为有效。
测试方法：
抗菌性(抑菌率):GB 20944.3-2008-T纺织品抗菌性能的评价第3部分：振荡法。
抗紫外性能(UPF值)：按照国标GB/T 18830-2009《纺织品防紫外线性能的测定》对样品进行测试。
防皱性能：折皱回复角按照GB/T 3819-1997《纺织品织物折痕回复性的测定回复角法》测试。
上述具体实施方式不以任何形式限制本发明的技术方案，凡是采用等同替换或等效变换的方式所获得的技术方案均落在本发明的保护范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种织物功能剂，其特征在于包括重量份计的以下组分：苏叶提取物 1-5份、杜松提取物 1-5份、没食子鞣酸 1-6份、罗布麻叶提取物 1-5份、烷基磺酸苯酯 0.5-2份、丙二醇1-4份、水 70-100份。
2.如 权利要求1所述的功能剂用于丝绸胶体介质加工工艺进行织物整理的用途，是将功能剂添加于胶体中，搅拌均匀后，丝绸织物在轧车一浸一轧或二浸二轧后，在105℃下汽蒸30-50min，60℃下水洗后烘干；所述的胶体是由玉米淀粉7重量份，改性淀粉1重量份，葛根粉0.5重量份，水90重量份，混合加热后配制而成；功能剂在胶体中的浓度为20-100ml/kg。
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