CN107334144A - 一种防霉变粉丝的加工方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于山芋粉丝加工技术领域,具体涉及一种防霉变粉丝的加工方法,其原料包括山芋淀粉100份、复合磷酸盐1‑2份、复合淀粉18‑25份;其制备方法为:取15‑20份山芋淀粉与复合磷酸盐和复合淀粉混合,加入相当于其总重量2倍、温度为45‑50℃的温水用搅拌机得到糊状物,糊状物在冷藏室中冷藏3‑4小时后取出,再加入沸水,搅拌得到芡糊,加入剩余山芋淀粉和面,挤压成型,在沸水锅内熟化,粉丝在沸水中停留20s,取出后在20℃的凉水中冷却降温后,冷冻8‑10小时,低温热风干燥即得成。本发明中制备的山芋粉丝相比现有粉丝耐贮存能力变强,烹煮时间大大缩短,粉丝的韧性和弹性好的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于山芋粉丝加工技术领域,具体涉及一种防霉变粉丝的加工方法。
背景技术
粉丝的营养成分主要是碳水化合物、膳食纤维、蛋白质、烟酸和钙、镁、铁、钾、磷、钠灯矿物质,粉丝有良好的附味性,它能吸收各种鲜美汤料的味道,再加上粉丝本身的柔润嫩滑,爽口宜人,随着人民生活水平的提高,对山芋粉丝的消费量也日益增长,但现有制备方法制备的粉丝质量稳定性差,在保存过程中容易出现霉变现象,造成不必要的经济损失,因此,需要如何提高山芋粉丝稳定质量,且延长其保存期进行进一步研究。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题,提供了一种防霉变粉丝的加工方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:一种防霉变粉丝的加工方法,按重量份计,其原料包括山芋淀粉100份、复合磷酸盐1-2份、复合淀粉18-25份;其制备方法为:取15-20份山芋淀粉与复合磷酸盐和复合淀粉混合,加入相当于其总重量2倍、温度为45-50℃的温水用搅拌机得到糊状物,糊状物在冷藏室中冷藏3-4小时后取出,再加入相当于15-20份山芋淀粉6倍的沸水,搅拌得到芡糊,加入剩余山芋淀粉和面,在成型机中挤压成型,在沸水锅内熟化,粉丝在沸水中停留20s,取出后在20℃的凉水中冷却降温后,冷冻8-10小时,低温热风干燥即得成;
其中,复合淀粉的制备方法为:将直链淀粉含量为26.14-29.64%的大米淀粉、甜瓜仁、熊果苷按重量比20:7-12:1-3混合,加入相当于其总重量2倍的酸浆液,在温度为5-10℃、湿度为60-80%的条件下用γ射线辐射,同时以转速为15-20转/分钟搅拌,辐射剂量为0.6-1.4μGy/h,辐射两次,每次的辐射时间为5s,两次辐射之间时间间隔为30s,辐射完成后继续搅拌15-20分钟,静置2.5-3小时得到沉淀,将沉淀取出用清水冲洗2-3次,沥干水分即得。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述冷藏室的冷藏温度为2-6℃;冷冻温度为-5-0℃;低温热风的温度为40-45℃。所述复合淀粉的含水量为25-35%;所述粉丝的水分为10-15%。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述酸浆液的制备方法为将采集所得的酸浆的地上部分除杂清洗后用相当于其重量8倍的水浸泡2小时后,再熬煮30分钟,收集一次熬煮液;然后用5倍的水再次熬煮30分钟,收集二次熬煮液;然后用4倍的水再次熬煮30分钟,收集三次熬煮液,将一、二、三次熬煮液合并后浓缩,用乙醇沉淀,滤出沉淀将乙醇挥干,定容到质量浓度为200-400g/L,在低温下保存备用。
甜瓜子包括含结晶性球蛋白、谷朊、半乳糖、脂肪油等,同时还具有抑制霉菌的作用。
在制备过程中,糊状物在冷藏室中冷藏一段时间有助于增加粉丝的凝胶性。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点:本发明中利用γ射线辐射改变支链淀粉含量高于26%的大米淀粉不易加工的缺陷,与甜瓜仁协同作用有助于增加粉丝的凝胶性;甜瓜仁和熊果苷在酸浆液的作用下,改变部分山芋淀粉内部分子结构,进而改变其凝胶特性,能有助于提高山芋淀粉的弹韧性和透明度,所制得的山芋粉丝外观品质好,其烹饪时间相对缩短,所得淀粉粉丝不易断裂,具有较好的弹韧性;甜瓜子、熊果苷与酸浆液在γ射线下与淀粉有机结合,使淀粉不易断条和糊汤,产品质量稳定,防霉效果相比现有技术有了明显提高。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种防霉变粉丝的加工方法,按重量份计,其原料包括山芋淀粉100份、复合磷酸盐2份、复合淀粉22份;其制备方法为:取18份山芋淀粉与复合磷酸盐和复合淀粉混合,加入相当于其总重量2倍、温度为48℃的温水用搅拌机得到糊状物,糊状物在冷藏室中冷藏3.5小时后取出,再加入相当于18份山芋淀粉6倍的沸水,搅拌得到芡糊,加入剩余山芋淀粉和面,在成型机中挤压成型,在沸水锅内熟化,粉丝在沸水中停留20s,取出后在20℃的凉水中冷却降温后,冷冻9小时,低温热风干燥即得成;
其中,复合淀粉的制备方法为:将直链淀粉含量为26.14-29.64%的大米淀粉、甜瓜仁、熊果苷按重量比20:10:2混合,加入相当于其总重量2倍的酸浆液,在温度为5-10℃、湿度为60-80%的条件下用γ射线辐射,同时以转速为18转/分钟搅拌,辐射剂量为1.2μGy/h,辐射两次,每次的辐射时间为5s,两次辐射之间时间间隔为30s,辐射完成后继续搅拌15-20分钟,静置2.8小时得到沉淀,将沉淀取出用清水冲洗2次,沥干水分即得。
其中,所述冷藏室的冷藏温度为2-6℃;冷冻温度为-5-0℃;低温热风的温度为40-45℃;所述复合淀粉的含水量为25-35%;所述粉丝的水分为10-15%。
其中,所述酸浆液的制备方法为将采集所得的酸浆的地上部分除杂清洗后用相当于其重量8倍的水浸泡2小时后,再熬煮30分钟,收集一次熬煮液;然后用5倍的水再次熬煮30分钟,收集二次熬煮液;然后用4倍的水再次熬煮30分钟,收集三次熬煮液,将一、二、三次熬煮液合并后浓缩,用乙醇沉淀,滤出沉淀将乙醇挥干,定容到质量浓度为200-400g/L,在低温下保存备用。
实施例2
一种防霉变粉丝的加工方法,按重量份计,其原料包括山芋淀粉100份、复合磷酸盐2份、复合淀粉18份;其制备方法为:取20份山芋淀粉与复合磷酸盐和复合淀粉混合,加入相当于其总重量2倍、温度为50℃的温水用搅拌机得到糊状物,糊状物在冷藏室中冷藏4小时后取出,再加入相当于15份山芋淀粉6倍的沸水,搅拌得到芡糊,加入剩余山芋淀粉和面,在成型机中挤压成型,在沸水锅内熟化,粉丝在沸水中停留20s,取出后在20℃的凉水中冷却降温后,冷冻8小时,低温热风干燥即得成;
其中,复合淀粉的制备方法为:将直链淀粉含量为26.14-29.64%的大米淀粉、甜瓜仁、熊果苷按重量比20:7:3混合,加入相当于其总重量2倍的酸浆液,在温度为10℃、湿度为80%的条件下用γ射线辐射,同时以转速为15转/分钟搅拌,辐射剂量为1.4μGy/h,辐射两次,每次的辐射时间为5s,两次辐射之间时间间隔为30s,辐射完成后继续搅拌20分钟,静置2.5小时得到沉淀,将沉淀取出用清水冲洗2次,沥干水分即得。
其余内容与实施例1中相同。
实施例3
一种防霉变粉丝的加工方法,按重量份计,其原料包括山芋淀粉100份、复合磷酸盐1份、复合淀粉25份;其制备方法为:取15份山芋淀粉与复合磷酸盐和复合淀粉混合,加入相当于其总重量2倍、温度为45℃的温水用搅拌机得到糊状物,糊状物在冷藏室中冷藏3小时后取出,再加入相当于20份山芋淀粉6倍的沸水,搅拌得到芡糊,加入剩余山芋淀粉和面,在成型机中挤压成型,在沸水锅内熟化,粉丝在沸水中停留20s,取出后在20℃的凉水中冷却降温后,冷冻10小时,低温热风干燥即得成;
其中,复合淀粉的制备方法为:将直链淀粉含量为26.14-29.64%的大米淀粉、甜瓜仁、熊果苷按重量比20:12:1混合,加入相当于其总重量2倍的酸浆液,在温度为5-10℃、湿度为60-80%的条件下用γ射线辐射,同时以转速为20转/分钟搅拌,辐射剂量为0.6μGy/h,辐射两次,每次的辐射时间为5s,两次辐射之间时间间隔为30s,辐射完成后继续搅拌15分钟,静置3小时得到沉淀,将沉淀取出用清水冲洗3次,沥干水分即得。
其余内容与实施例1中相同。
设置对照组1,将实施例1中所述糊状物在冷藏室中冷藏3.5小时后取出去掉,其余内容不变;设置对照组2,将实施例1中大米淀粉替换为直链淀粉含量为小于20%的大米淀粉,其余内容不变;设置对照组3,将实施例1中甜瓜仁去掉,其余内容不变;设置对照组4,将实施例1中熊果苷去掉,其余内容不变;设置对照组5,将实施例1中酸浆水替换为等重量的清水,其余内容不变;设置对照组6,由安徽省野寨绿色食品有限公司提供的山芋粉丝;
在实验时,粉丝断条率测试:将粉丝剪切成每根长约20cm,取剪切好的粉丝100根,置于3000ml烧杯中,加入1500ml水,加热。水煮开后,再放入粉丝,再继续煮20min。自然冷却,将粉丝逐条夹出,数出煮后总条数,计算断条率,本测试例中,断条率(%)=煮后总条数-100;将以上各组粉丝放入温度为35℃、湿度为85-90%的条件下处理20天,对该处理条件后粉丝上细菌总数进行统计;烹煮时间为粉丝白芯消失时停止计时;得到以下结果:
表1
组别 | 断条率(%) | 细菌总数(cfu/g) | 烹煮时间(min) |
实施例1 | 4 | 1.2×10² | 5 |
实施例2 | 3 | 1.4×10² | 6 |
实施例3 | 3 | 1.3×10² | 5 |
对照组1 | 11 | 1.5×10² | 4 |
对照组2 | 7 | 1.8×10² | 6 |
对照组3 | 5 | 3.9×10² | 7 |
对照组4 | 4 | 3.5×10² | 6 |
对照组5 | 8 | 2.8×10² | 8 |
对照组6 | 5 | 5.6×10² | 11 |
通过表1中数据可以看出,本发明中制备的山芋粉丝相比现有粉丝耐贮存能力变强,烹煮时间大大减少,而断条率与现有技术基本相同;如果改变制备方法中的关键步骤或原料,会影响粉丝的韧性和弹性,导致断条率上升,同时还会影响烹煮时间和防霉菌性能,且本发明中山芋粉丝透明度相比对照组6有明显提高,商品性好,经济效益明显。
Claims (5)
1.一种防霉变粉丝的加工方法,其特征在于,按重量份计,其原料包括山芋淀粉100份、复合磷酸盐1-2份、复合淀粉18-25份;其制备方法为:取15-20份山芋淀粉与复合磷酸盐和复合淀粉混合,加入相当于其总重量2倍、温度为45-50℃的温水用搅拌机得到糊状物,糊状物在冷藏室中冷藏3-4小时后取出,再加入相当于15-20份山芋淀粉6倍的沸水,搅拌得到芡糊,加入剩余山芋淀粉和面,在成型机中挤压成型,在沸水锅内熟化,粉丝在沸水中停留20s,取出后在20℃的凉水中冷却降温后,冷冻8-10小时,低温热风干燥即得成;
其中,复合淀粉的制备方法为:将直链淀粉含量为26.14-29.64%的大米淀粉、甜瓜仁、熊果苷按重量比20:7-12:1-3混合,加入相当于其总重量2倍的酸浆液,在温度为5-10℃、湿度为60-80%的条件下用γ射线辐射,同时以转速为15-20转/分钟搅拌,辐射剂量为0.6-1.4μGy/h,辐射两次,每次的辐射时间为5s,两次辐射之间时间间隔为30s,辐射完成后继续搅拌15-20分钟,静置2.5-3小时得到沉淀,将沉淀取出用清水冲洗2-3次,沥干水分即得。
2.如权利要求1所述一种防霉变粉丝的加工方法,其特征在于,所述冷藏室的冷藏温度为2-6℃;冷冻温度为-5-0℃;低温热风的温度为40-45℃。
3.如权利要求1所述一种防霉变粉丝的加工方法,其特征在于,所述酸浆液的制备方法为将采集所得的酸浆的地上部分除杂清洗后用相当于其重量8倍的水浸泡2小时后,再熬煮30分钟,收集一次熬煮液;然后用5倍的水再次熬煮30分钟,收集二次熬煮液;然后用4倍的水再次熬煮30分钟,收集三次熬煮液,将一、二、三次熬煮液合并后浓缩,用乙醇沉淀,滤出沉淀将乙醇挥干,定容到质量浓度为200-400g/L,在低温下保存备用。
4.如权利要求1所述一种防霉变粉丝的加工方法,其特征在于,所述复合淀粉的含水量为25-35%。
5.如权利要求1所述一种防霉变粉丝的加工方法,其特征在于,所述粉丝的水分为10-15%。
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