CN107320505A - 榴莲的益肝作用及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了榴莲(Durio zibethinus Murr.)在制备益肝作用产品中的用途。以榴莲果肉为原料，可以通过提取工艺和加工工艺有效地转变为各类优质的益肝产品，包括人类和动物的保健制品和天然药物制品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有益肝作用的水果“榴莲”的加工技术以及在食品、保健食品、天然药物中的用途，具体地说，是新鲜或干燥榴莲、深加工和提取物制备方法、榴莲深加工产品、榴莲提取物、榴莲有效化学成分、榴莲在制备保肝功效保健品中的用途、榴莲在制备肝炎的治疗药物中的应用。
背景技术
肝脏是机体内重要的消化器官之一，每天承受着大量的食物化学处理工作，对大量的经消化道吸收的食物和其它外来物质进行代谢的处理加工，非常容易疲劳和受到损伤。肝脏损伤是严重危害人民健康的病种。我国目前有超过一亿人的乙肝病毒终身携带者、数千万丙型肝炎病毒的携带者，其中约数千万人会转变成慢性肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌，每年因肝病而死亡的人约有数十万人。近年来由嗜酒、吸烟、药物和各种有害因素而引起的中毒性肝炎和肝癌也日趋增多，尤其是吸烟和某些食物以及环境中的致癌性亚硝胺类致癌物的肝脏致癌影响不容小视。中国每年用于治疗肝病的费用高达数百亿元人民币，对经济和社会发展特别是患者的身心健康造成了很大的负担，所以保持肝脏的健康成为人们追求的目标。开发有益于肝脏健康的食品、保健食品和新药就非常有意义。
榴莲(Durio zibethinus Murr.)是木棉科榴莲属植物，原产印度尼西亚，我国广东海南等地有栽培。榴莲果肉也称之为榴莲。在本发明中的榴莲也指榴莲果肉。
榴莲的特征是食用气味特殊(臭味)。除了榴莲作为特色气味食品外，榴莲在国内保健食品和口服药物方面都没有应用。
本发明就是发现了榴莲在食品、保健食品和药品中的新用途、加工方法以及含有的有效成分等。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供榴莲的新用途，即在制备益肝食品、保健食品、治疗肝炎药物和动物益肝产品中的新应用。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种肝炎治疗的药物。
本发明的再一个目的是提供一种肝炎辅助治疗的保健食品。
本发明的目的还包括提供制备方便、保健和治疗效果好的榴莲提取物及其制备方法。
发明人参照《2003年度药物研究技术指导原则—中药、天然物分册》(国家食品药品监督管理局2003年)、《新药临床前研究指导原则》(国家药监局1993年)和《保健食品功能学评价程序》(卫生部2003年)等的肝炎治疗的药物评价方法以及保健食品评价方法，对榴莲进行了提取物制备、剂型制备、保健和药效研究。
发明人按照农产品的加工方法对榴莲进行了大量的深加工研究，包括榴莲粥、榴莲汤、榴莲粉、榴莲饮品(如榴莲热饮、榴莲咖啡、榴莲奶、榴莲豆乳等)、榴莲酱、榴莲酱油、榴莲粉制品(如饼干、面包、馒头等)、榴莲提取物、榴莲糖果和月饼点心等。榴莲可以直接食用，也可以用其干燥的榴莲块或片。
榴莲提取物的制备方法是：可以取榴莲1000g，加水煎煮三次，每次15分钟，合并煎液，滤过，干燥或喷雾干燥后，制细粉，即得。
发明人发现，以榴莲提取物进行口服给药有明显的效果，血清肝脏功能生化指标和病理指标都有明显的改善。
以榴莲提取物进行治疗时，它可以以粉剂、颗粒剂、片剂、胶囊、丸剂和液体药剂等形式口服给药。榴莲提取物的有效药剂，是通过与适当的药用掺混物，如赋形剂、粘合剂、渗透剂、润滑剂等混合而配制成的。
榴莲提取物剂量随患者的病情、给药途径、患者的年龄和体重而改变。在口服给药情况下，剂量通常为成年人300～600mg/天，优选为450mg/天。在保健食品应用方面也是同样的原则。
本发明的优点是：榴莲的益肝作用在国内和国际上都是首次发现。榴莲可以作为治疗肝炎的天然药物。
另外，榴莲制备方法比较简单，植物生长特点研究的也比较透彻，有了一定规模的采集地区，所以材料的来源有保障。天然产物的市场认同性比较高，市场的接受度高，市场前景良好。
具体实施方式
下面提供的实施例用于进一步阐明本发明，而不构成对本发明范围的限制。
实施例1.材料
实施例所用榴莲由市场上购得。其它的药品、试剂和实验动物，都能方便地市购。
实施例2.制备方法例
取榴莲1000g，加水2500ml煎煮，共三次，每次15分钟，合并煎液，滤过，继续减压浓缩或喷雾至干，得粉末。
实施例3.制剂实施例
(1)取1kg实施例2的制备方法获得榴莲提取物，粉碎并过100目筛，加入适量淀粉混匀，制备颗粒剂，整粒后进行分装，每袋3g。
(2)取实施例2的制备方法获得的榴莲提取物1000g，羟乙基纤维素10g，压片制成片剂。
(3)实施例2的制备方法获得的榴莲提取物溶于水，可以直接配制成口服液。
(4)实施例2的制备方法获得的榴莲提取物可以和益肝豆、白芷、诸葛菜提取物等天然药物配合制成复方合剂用于治疗肝炎。
(5)实施例2的制备方法获得的榴莲提取物可以和咖啡粉配合制成速溶复配咖啡。
实施例3.榴莲其它加工方法
(1)榴莲粉：经筛选、清洗、晾干、粉碎打汁、烘干、高温灭菌、包装等工序制备而成。
(2)复配茶制品：将榴莲制成榴莲干粉。将榴莲干粉和绿茶干粉按1:1进行配比，可以制备带有榴莲刺激味道和绿茶味混合在一起的茶粉。
(3)复配榴莲粉：将榴莲粉和益肝菜粉按1:1进行配比，可以制备成复配干粉。
实施例4.保健药效实验
(1)评价方法
榴莲提取物治疗肝炎的药效研究部分
实验动物为成年健康雄性ICR小鼠。试验期间提供足量的自来水及普通饲料。动物的分组与处理：将小鼠按体重随机分组。在肝炎的疗效观察中为连续三天给药，每天一次。第四天取血和留取动物肝脏，测定血清中的肝功酶(ALT、AST、LDH)，观察肝脏病理变化程度。实验数据以均数±标准差表示。应用EXCEL统计软件对实验结果采用方差分析、t检验等方法分析处理，p<0.05认为组间差异具有显著性。
(2)评价结果：
表1榴莲提取物抗二甲基亚硝胺肝炎的作用
注：##与对照组比较p﹤0.01。*，**与二甲基亚硝胺肝炎组比较p﹤0.05；p﹤0.01。
Claims (6)
1.用于制备具有对人类和动物益肝作用的植物产品，其特征在于含有榴莲(Duriozibethinus Murr.)的提取物。
2.榴莲提取物，其特征在于采用如下方法制备获得，榴莲果肉加水煎煮三次，每次15分钟，合并煎液，滤过，干燥后，制得细粉。
3.根据权利要求2所述的榴莲提取物，其特征在与提取物细粉和适当的药用敷料一起可以制成口服制剂颗粒剂、片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、散剂等多种剂型。也可以和其它药物或其它植物提取物配伍组成复方制剂。
4.一种用于肝炎辅助治疗的药物，其特征在于含有权利要求2所述的榴莲提取物。
5.一种用于益肝的保健品，其特征在于含有权利要求2所述的榴莲提取物。
6.榴莲或权利要求2所述的榴莲提取物在制备肝炎的治疗药物以及保健品中的应用。
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| JP2020158437A (ja) * | 2019-03-26 | 2020-10-01 | 宮崎 徹 | 血中フリー体ａｉｍ増加用組成物 |
Citations (4)
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2020158437A (ja) * | 2019-03-26 | 2020-10-01 | 宮崎 徹 | 血中フリー体ａｉｍ増加用組成物 |
| JP7159093B2 (ja) | 2019-03-26 | 2022-10-24 | 徹 宮崎 | 血中フリー体ａｉｍ増加用組成物 |
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