CN107158066A - 蜜树的益肝作用及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了蜜树(Cyclopia spp.)在制备益肝作用产品中的用途。以蜜树的豆或叶为原料，可以通过提取工艺和加工工艺有效地转变为各类优质的益肝产品，包括人类和动物的保健制品和天然药物制品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有益肝作用的南非植物“蜜树”的加工技术以及在食品、保健食品、天然药物中的用途，具体地说，是干燥蜜树叶和蜜树豆(籽)、深加工和提取物制备方法、蜜树深加工产品、蜜树提取物、蜜树有效化学成分、蜜树在制备保肝功效保健品中的用途、蜜树在制备肝炎的治疗药物中的应用。
背景技术
肝脏是机体内重要的消化器官之一，每天承受着大量的食物化学处理工作，对大量的经消化道吸收的食物和其它外来物质进行代谢的处理加工，非常容易疲劳和受到损伤。肝脏损伤是严重危害人民健康的病种。我国目前有超过一亿人的乙肝病毒终身携带者、数千万丙型肝炎病毒的携带者，其中约数千万人会转变成慢性肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌，每年因肝病而死亡的人约有数十万人。近年来由嗜酒、药物和各种有害因素而引起的中毒性肝脏损伤也日趋增多。中国每年用于治疗肝病的费用高达数百亿元人民币，对经济和社会发展特别是患者的身心健康造成了很大的负担，所以保持肝脏的健康成为人们追求的目标。开发有益于肝脏健康的食品、保健食品和新药就非常有意义。
蜜树(Cyclopia spp.)：蜜树是一属豆科植物，主要生长在南非海角地区，大约有24个种。近年来，由蜜树叶制成的蜜树茶(honeybush tea)成为一种流行世界的不含咖啡因的代用茶；其中的中间蜜树(Cyclopia intermedi)是最常用的蜜树茶植物。但是，在生长蜜树的地区都没有蜜树防治肝炎的报告。我们认为南非蜜树可以成为中国的新资源食品和天然药物。
除了蜜树叶作为代用茶外，蜜树在食品、保健食品和口服药物方面都没有应用，
本发明就是发现了蜜树在食品、保健食品和药品中的新用途、加工方法以及含有的有效成分等。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供蜜树的新用途，即在制备益肝食品、保健食品、治疗肝炎药物和动物益肝产品中的新应用。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种肝炎治疗的药物。
本发明的再一个目的是提供一种肝炎辅助治疗的保健食品。
本发明的目的还包括蜜树的使用部位为蜜树豆和蜜树叶。
本发明的目的还包括提供制备方便、保健和治疗效果好的蜜树提取物及其制备方法。
发明人参照《2003年度药物研究技术指导原则—中药、天然物分册》(国家食品药品监督管理局2003年)、《新药临床前研究指导原则》(国家药监局1993年)和《保健食品功能学评价程序》(卫生部2003年)等的肝炎治疗的药物评价方法以及保健食品评价方法，对蜜树进行了提取物制备、剂型制备、保健和药效研究。
发明人按照农产品的加工方法对蜜树豆进行了大量的深加工研究，包括蜜树豆粥、蜜树豆汤、干燥蜜树豆、蜜树豆粉、即食蜜树豆、蜜树豆饮品(如蜜树豆咖啡)、蜜树豆酒、蜜树豆粉制品(如饼干、面包、面条、豆腐等)、蜜树豆提取物、蜜树豆糖果和点心等。蜜树豆可以直接食用，也可以用其干燥烘烤或炒熟的蜜树豆。
发明人也对蜜树叶进行了大量的深加工研究，包括蜜树叶干粉、蜜树叶酒、蜜树叶凉茶、蜜树叶粥、蜜树叶汤等。
蜜树叶或豆提取物的制备方法是：可以取蜜树叶或豆1000g，水洗3～4次，加水煎煮三次，每次15分钟，合并煎液，滤过，干燥或喷雾干燥后，制细粉，即得。本品为棕色的颗粒。
发明人发现，以蜜树提取物进行口服给药有明显的效果，血清肝脏功能生化指标和病理指标都有明显的改善。
以蜜树提取物进行治疗时，它可以以粉剂、颗粒剂、片剂、胶囊、丸剂和液体药剂等形式口服给药。蜜树提取物的有效药剂，是通过与适当的药用掺混物，如赋形剂、粘合剂、渗透剂、润滑剂等混合而配制成的。
蜜树提取物剂量随患者的病情、给药途径、患者的年龄和体重而改变。在口服给药情况下，剂量通常为成年人600～1000mg/天，优选为800mg/天。在保健食品应用方面也是同样的原则。
本发明的优点是：蜜树的益肝治疗作用在国内和国际上都是首次发现。蜜树可以作为治疗肝炎的天然药物。
另外，蜜树制备方法比较简单，植物生长特点研究的也比较透彻，有了一定规模的种植基地，南非还制定了蜜树茶的生产指南(Honeybush tea production guideline)。所以材料的来源和经济性都有保障。等以后我们的蜜树引种到中国成功后，原材料的来源将更有保障。天然产物的市场认同性比较高，市场的接受度高，市场前景良好。
具体实施方式
下面提供的实施例用于进一步阐明本发明，而不构成对本发明范围的限制。
实施例1.材料
实施例所用蜜树叶或豆由外贸进口购得。其它的药品、试剂和实验动物，都能方便地市购。
实施例2.制备方法例
取蜜树豆或干燥叶或蜜树茶1000g，水洗3次，加水2500ml煎煮，共三次，每次15分钟，合并煎液，滤过，继续减压浓缩或喷雾至干，得棕色粉末。
实施例3.制剂实施例
(1)取1kg实施例2的制备方法获得各个植物部位的蜜树提取物，粉碎并过100目筛，加入适量淀粉混匀，制备颗粒剂，整粒后进行分装，每袋3g。
(2)取实施例2的制备方法获得的蜜树提取物1000g，羟乙基纤维素10g，压片制成片剂。
(3)实施例2的制备方法获得的蜜树提取物溶于水，可以直接配制成口服液。
(4)实施例2的制备方法获得的蜜树提取物可以和益肝豆或二月蓝籽提取物等天然药物配合制成复方合剂用于治疗肝炎。
(5)实施例2的制备方法获得的蜜树提取物可以和咖啡粉配合制成速溶复配咖啡。
实施例4.蜜树叶加工方法
(1)蜜树叶粉：经筛选、清洗、晾干、打汁、烘干、粉碎、高温灭菌、包装等工序制备而成。指经过各种干燥方法加工后的状态，如自然干制时蔬、热风干燥时蔬、冷冻干燥时蔬、时蔬脆片、时蔬碎片(方便面等料包)、时蔬粉等。
(2)复配代用茶制品：将蜜树叶按照中国绿茶的制备方法制得中国风蜜树茶。将中国风蜜树茶和绿茶按1:1进行配比，可以制备带有蜜树茶和绿茶混合香味的茶。中国风蜜树茶也可以和益肝菊1:1配置茶混合茶。
(3)复配蜜树叶粉：将蜜树叶粉和益肝菜粉按1:1进行配比，可以制备成复配干粉。
实施例5.保健药效实验
(1)评价方法
蜜树叶提取物治疗肝炎的药效研究部分
实验动物为成年健康雄性ICR小鼠。试验期间提供足量的自来水及普通饲料。动物的分组与处理：将小鼠按体重随机分组。在肝炎的疗效观察中为连续3天给药，每天一次。第四天取血和留取动物肝脏，测定血清中的肝功酶丙氨酸转移酶(ALT)，观察肝脏病理变化程度。实验数据以均数±标准差表示。应用EXCEL统计软件对实验结果采用方差分析、t检验等方法分析处理，p<0.05认为组间差异具有显著性。
(2)评价结果：
表1蜜树提取物抗硫代乙酰胺(TAA)肝炎的作用
注：##与对照组比较p﹤0.01。*与TAA肝炎组比较p﹤0.05。
Claims (6)
1.用于制备具有对人类和动物益肝作用的植物产品，其特征在于含有蜜树(Cyclopiaspp.)豆或叶的提取物。
2.蜜树豆或蜜树叶提取物，其特征在于采用如下方法制备获得，蜜树豆或叶加水煎煮三次，每次15分钟，合并煎液，滤过，滤液干燥后，制得细粉。
3.根据权利要求2所述的蜜树豆或叶提取物，其特征在与提取物细粉和适当的药用敷料一起可以制成口服制剂颗粒剂、片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、散剂等多种剂型。也可以和其它药物或其它植物提取物配伍组成复方制剂。
4.一种用于肝炎辅助治疗的药物，其特征在于含有权利要求2所述的蜜树豆或叶提取物。
5.一种用于益肝的保健品，其特征在于含有权利要求2所述的蜜树豆或叶提取物。
6.蜜树豆或叶或权利要求2所述的蜜树豆或叶提取物在制备肝炎的治疗药物以及保健品中的应用。
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080220101A1 (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-09-11 | Sybille Buchwald-Werner | Compositions of extracts of aloe for oral administration |
| CN101668523A (zh) * | 2007-03-12 | 2010-03-10 | Zadec私人有限责任公司 | 一种抗糖尿病的蜜树提取物 |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080220101A1 (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-09-11 | Sybille Buchwald-Werner | Compositions of extracts of aloe for oral administration |
| CN101668523A (zh) * | 2007-03-12 | 2010-03-10 | Zadec私人有限责任公司 | 一种抗糖尿病的蜜树提取物 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 万文婷等: "非洲别样茶的研究进展", 《现代药物与临床》 * |
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