CN107318556A - Ulmus elongata fruit in-vitro breeding and its seeding growing seedlings method - Google Patents
Ulmus elongata fruit in-vitro breeding and its seeding growing seedlings method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107318556A CN107318556A CN201710533350.8A CN201710533350A CN107318556A CN 107318556 A CN107318556 A CN 107318556A CN 201710533350 A CN201710533350 A CN 201710533350A CN 107318556 A CN107318556 A CN 107318556A
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- ulmus
- elongata
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/001—Culture apparatus for tissue culture
Abstract
Ulmus elongata fruit in-vitro breeding and its seeding growing seedlings method, belong to breeding plant technical field.Mainly including links such as basins in elite stand selection, branch collection, in-vitro breeding, fruit harvesting, sowing, seedling management, transplanting.The fruit and seed cultivated to ulmus elongata can be easily gathered using the present invention, the problem of solving to artificially collect ulmus elongata fruit and difficult seed, the quality of ulmus elongata seed has been effectively ensured in breeding method, improves seeding and seedling raising germination percentage and planting percent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to breeding plant technical field, and in particular to the artificial breeding method of ulmus elongata.
Background technology
Ulmus elongata (Ulmus elongata) is sample of the early 1980s Chinese Plants scholar according to Suichang of Zhejiang Province
The Elm novel species delivered, its material is excellent, is promising excellent fast-growing commerical tree species.Ulmus elongata classification is under the jurisdiction of Ulmaceae
(Ulmaceae) Elm (Ulmus) ulmus elongata group (Chaetopelea), existing in the world only to deposit 4 kinds, 3 kinds originate in North America, China 1
Kind, only there is fragmentary distribution on Zhejiang, Fujian, Anhui and Jiangxi and other places.Its quantity is few and endangered is listed in countryLevel weight
Point protection plant.The endangered main cause of ulmus elongata is as follows：One：Samara is thin and light, and one to maturation, i.e., flies away with the wind,
Artificially collect ulmus elongata seed difficult；Secondly：Under natural environmental condition, effective propagation distance of fruit is short, and because of habitat not
It is suitable（Such as illumination, temperature, humidity）, the survival rate of natural seeding is relatively low, causes procreation difficult so as to lack seedling in group,
Renewal is obstructed, and population is in decline trend.Ulmus elongata is in the edge of extinction in imminent danger, needs badly and is manually protected.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of ulmus elongata fruit in-vitro breeding and its broadcast
The method for planting nursery.
The present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
Ulmus elongata fruit in-vitro breeding method, it is characterised in that mainly comprise the following steps：
1）Elite stand selects：Healthy and strong straight and upright no disease and pests harm elite stand is selected, seed collecting elite stand age of tree 20-30 is raw；
2）Branch is gathered：With branch of the averruncator clip with bud when the appearance of ulmus elongata bud but not yet formation inflorescence, take back
Laboratory, it is desirable to the upper bud satiation health of branch section；
3）In-vitro breeding：Collection branch section is cut into the branch section of 30~40 cm length, insertion container bottle and carries out liquid cultivation, holding
10~20 DEG C of environment temperature, humidity 70~80%；A nutrient solution was changed every 5-7 days；Preferably, the liquid is cultivated as battalion
Nutrient solution is cultivated, and its nutrient solution prescription is：The mg/L of potassium nitrate 607, the mg/L of calcium nitrate 945, the mg/L of ammonium phosphate 115, magnesium sulfate
493 50 mg/L of mg/L, GGR No. 6 numbers, the mg/L of aspirin 100, the mg/L of activated carbon 2, the ml/L of iron salt solutions 2.5, micro member
Plain solution 5 ml/L, pH=6.0；The iron salt solutions formula is：The g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 2.78, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium 3.73
G, the ml of distilled water 500；The formula of the trace element solution is：The mg/L of KI 0.83, the mg/L of boric acid 6.2, manganese sulfate
22.3 mg/L, the mg/L of zinc sulfate 8.6, the mg/L of sodium molybdate 0.25, the mg/L of copper sulphate 0.025, the mg/L of cobalt chloride 0.025；
4）Fruit harvesting：When samara becomes yellowish-brown maturation by green, harvesting in time.
Ulmus elongata seeding growing seedlings method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）Sowing：Using the ulmus elongata fruit described in claim 1 or 2, the removal of impurity is gone, in progress in after fruit harvesting 2~3 days
Hole tray seeding and seedling raising is sowed, and pours permeable after broadcasting, and keeps 20~25 DEG C of substrate temperature；Preferably, seedling medium uses river sand, dish
Any one of garden mould or special nursery peat；Special nursery peat is Germany's dimension that Hangzhou Hongyue Flowers and Plants Co., Ltd. produces
Special No. 1 peat of nursery；
2）Seedling management：Mainly include temperature treatment, water and fertilizer management, illumination control and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；As preferred：Temperature pipe
Reason is as follows：Before being fully deployed from coming up to cotyledon, day temperature is kept for 25 DEG C or so, and night temperature is advisable with 16~20 DEG C, can not
Less than 10 DEG C, temperature adjustment can be completed by sunshade, ventilation, water spray；Water and fertilizer management method is：The neat after seedling small water of watering can sprays
Drench, it is wet between being done between matrix, with reference to the water spray progress Foliar Spraying of 4 times or so, using water soluble fertilizer 20-10-20 and 14-0-
14, sprayed with 50~100 mg/kg 7 days alternatings of concentration；Illumination control method is：Intensity of illumination is stepped up after coming up
And lighting delay number, intensity of illumination 1500~2500 Lux, lighting delay number 8-10 h/d.Pest control method is：Come up
Sprayed once with 800 times of liquid carbendazim or average 7~10 days alternatings of thiophanate methyl afterwards, seedbed is often divulged information；
3）Basin in transplanting：When seedling grows true leaf 3~4, upper basin is transplanted in time.
There is provided a kind of artificial seed collecting method for culturing seedlings gram for above-mentioned ulmus elongata fruit in-vitro breeding and its seeding growing seedlings method
Take and multiplied difficult technological deficiency naturally, also solved the problem of artificially collecting ulmus elongata fruit and difficult seed, it is ensured that
The quality of ulmus elongata seed, by the ulmus elongata result branch of nutrient solution in-vitro breeding, average every fruit Setting percentage amount reaches
86.0%, cultivated than clear water and add 21.7%；Using special nursery peat hole tray seeding and seedling raising, average germination percentage reaches 94.2%,
5.7%, 15.1% is respectively increased than river sand, common vegetable garden soil；Using special nursery peat hole tray seeding and seedling raising, average planting percent reaches
To 94.2%, 18.8%, 15.9% is respectively increased than river sand, common vegetable garden soil.When the present invention has been set forth in detail elite stand selection, adopted
Between, compounding, in-vitro breeding, seed collection, seeding and seedling raising etc. a whole set of ulmus elongata fruit in-vitro breeding and its sowing
Method for culturing seedlings, it is ensured that the quality of ulmus elongata fruit and seed, improves the germination rate and planting percent of ulmus elongata seed, to excellent township
The city trees and shrubs application of native trees and Eco-environmental Forestry have very strong facilitation.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1.
1. elite stand selects：Select healthy and strong straight and upright no disease and pests harm elite stand, the life in 20 years of the seed collecting elite stand age of tree.
2. adopt the bar time：In early March, 2016, in calm fine day, branches of tall trees when occurring whne bud but not yet forming inflorescence
Branch of the clip with bud, takes back laboratory, it is desirable to the upper bud satiation health of branch section.
3. compounding：Weigh following raw material by weight, sequentially add in water and be stirred continuously make its fully dissolve and
It is mixed into required nutrient solution.The mg/L of potassium nitrate 607, the mg/L of calcium nitrate 945, the mg/L of ammonium phosphate 115, the mg/L of magnesium sulfate 493,
No. 6 50 mg/L of GGR, the mg/L of aspirin 100, the mg/L of activated carbon 2, the ml/L of iron salt solutions 2.5（Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate
2.78 g, the g of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium 3.73, distilled water 500 ml, pH=5.5）, micro- 5 ml/L（KI 0.83
Mg/L, the mg/L of boric acid 6.2, the mg/L of manganese sulfate 22.3, the mg/L of zinc sulfate 8.6, the mg/L of sodium molybdate 0.25, copper sulphate 0.025
Mg/L, the mg/L of cobalt chloride 0.025）、pH=6.0.
4. in-vitro breeding：The nutrient solution of preparation is divided in vial, collection branch section is then cut into 30~40 cm again
Cultivated in long branch section, insertion container bottle, a nutrient solution was changed every 5-7 days, using clear water cultivation as control, retaining ring
10~20 DEG C of border temperature, humidity 70~80%, result of the test is shown in Table 1.
Influence of the Different Nutrition liquid of table 1 processing to ulmus elongata branch result quantities and fruit development
| Test process | Result quantities（Grain/branch） | Mellow fruit real number（Grain） | Fruit Setting percentage % |
| Clear water is compareed | 28 | 19 | 67.9 |
| Nutrient solution | 29 | 25 | 86.2 |
5. fruit harvesting：Through 18~22 d, when samara becomes yellowish-brown maturation by green, harvesting in time.
6. seeding and seedling raising：After fruit harvesting, the removal of impurity is gone, is broadcast in carrying out hole tray seeding and seedling raising in after fruit harvesting 2~3 days
Kind.River sand, vegetable garden soil and special nursery peat is respectively adopted（Special nursery peat is purchased from Hangzhou Hongyue Flowers and Plants Co., Ltd., moral
State's dimension No. 1 peat of special nursery）3 kinds of matrix progress hole tray seeding and seedling raisings, 128 hole disks, one, one cave, is irrigated after broadcasting during sowing
Water, keeps 20~25 DEG C of substrate temperature.The processing of later stage conventional seedbed system, keeps matrix moistening, the unearthed germinations of 3~5 d after broadcasting.Experiment
It the results are shown in Table 2.
Influence of the different substrates of table 2 to ulmus elongata seed germination seedling
| Matrix classification | Sowing time | The budding time（d) | Germination percentage % | Planting percent % |
| River sand | April 9 | April 12 | 90.2 | 70.4 |
| Common vegetable garden soil | April 9 | April 15 | 80.4 | 80.0 |
| Special nursery peat | April 9 | April 15 | 94.1 | 93.0 |
7. seedling management：（1）Temperature treatment：Before being fully deployed from coming up to cotyledon, day temperature keeps 25 DEG C or so, night temperature
It is advisable with 16~20 DEG C, 10 DEG C can not be less than, temperature adjustment can be completed by sunshade, ventilation, water spray etc..（2）Water and fertilizer management：Together
It is wet between being done between the after seedling small Water spray of watering can, matrix, with reference to the water spray progress Foliar Spraying of 4 times or so, using 20-10-20
With 14-0-14 water soluble fertilizers（Purchased from Hangzhou Hongyue Flowers and Plants Co., Ltd.；20-10-20 nutrients structure is：N content 20%,
The content that P content is 10%, K is 20%；14-0-14 nutrients structure is：N content 14%, P content is for 0, K content
14%；Similarly hereinafter）, sprayed with 50~100 mg/kg 7 days alternatings of concentration.（3）Illumination is controlled：Intensity of illumination 1500~2500
Lux, lighting delay number 8-10 h/d；After coming up, the mode for replacing shading screen or opening light compensating lamp is taken, seedling is stepped up
Bed intensity of illumination and lighting delay number, intensity of illumination increase to 2500Lux by 1500 Lux, and lighting delay number increases to 10h/ by 8h/d
d；Every 7~10 days increase 500Lux intensities of illumination and 1h/d lighting delay numbers, Seedling Stage maximum intensity of illumination is 2500 Lux,
Maximum lighting delay number is 10 h/d.（4）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Put prevention first, with 800 times of liquid carbendazim or methyl support after coming up
Average 7~10 d in cloth Tianjin are alternately sprayed once, and seedbed is often divulged information.
8. transplant upper basin：When seedling grows true leaf 3~4（Highly reach 2~6 cm）, upper basin is transplanted in time.
Embodiment 2.
1. elite stand selects：Select healthy and strong straight and upright no disease and pests harm elite stand, the life in 30 years of the seed collecting elite stand age of tree.
2. adopt the bar time：In early April, 2017, in calm fine day, branches of tall trees when occurring whne bud but not yet forming inflorescence
Branch of the clip with bud, takes back laboratory, it is desirable to the upper bud satiation health of branch section.
3. compounding：Weigh following raw material by weight, sequentially add in water and be stirred continuously make its fully dissolve and
It is mixed into required nutrient solution.The mg/L of potassium nitrate 607, the mg/L of calcium nitrate 945, the mg/L of ammonium phosphate 115, the mg/L of magnesium sulfate 493,
No. 6 50 mg/L of GGR, the mg/L of aspirin 100, the mg/L of activated carbon 2, the ml/L of iron salt solutions 2.5（Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate
2.78 g, the g of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium 3.73, distilled water 500 ml, pH=5.5）, micro- 5 ml/L（KI 0.83
Mg/L, the mg/L of boric acid 6.2, the mg/L of manganese sulfate 22.3, the mg/L of zinc sulfate 8.6, the mg/L of sodium molybdate 0.25, copper sulphate 0.025
Mg/L, the mg/L of cobalt chloride 0.025）、pH=6.0.
4. in-vitro breeding：The nutrient solution of preparation is divided in container bottle（Vial or mineral water bottle）, then will adopt again
Collection branch section is cut into the branch section of the cm length of 30 cm~40, insertion container bottle and cultivated, every the nutrient solution of replacing in 5-7 days,
Using clear water cultivation as control, 10~20 DEG C of environment temperature of holding, humidity 70~80%, result of the test is shown in Table 3.
Influence of the Different Nutrition liquid of table 3 processing to ulmus elongata branch result quantities and fruit development
| Test process | Result quantities（Grain/branch） | Mellow fruit real number（Grain） | Fruit Setting percentage % |
| Clear water is compareed | 33 | 20 | 60.6 |
| Nutrient solution | 35 | 30 | 85.7 |
5. fruit harvesting：Through 18~22 d, when samara becomes yellowish-brown maturation by green, harvesting in time.
6. seeding and seedling raising：After fruit harvesting, the removal of impurity is gone, is broadcast in carrying out hole tray seeding and seedling raising in after fruit harvesting 2~3 days
Kind.River sand, 3 kinds of matrix of vegetable garden soil and special nursery peat is respectively adopted and carries out hole tray seeding and seedling raising, 128 hole disks, during sowing
One one, cave, pours permeable after broadcasting, and keeps 20~25 DEG C of substrate temperature.The processing of later stage conventional seedbed system, keeps matrix moistening, 4 after broadcasting
~7 d, which are unearthed, to germinate.Result of the test is shown in Table 4.
Influence of the different substrates of table 4 to ulmus elongata seed germination seedling
| Matrix classification | Sowing time | The budding time（d) | Germination percentage % | Planting percent % |
| River sand | April 22 | April 26 | 91.2 | 80.3 |
| Common vegetable garden soil | April 22 | April 29 | 82.1 | 76.5 |
| Special nursery peat | April 22 | April 28 | 98.6 | 95.3 |
7. seedling management：（1）Temperature treatment：Before being fully deployed from coming up to cotyledon, day temperature keeps 25 DEG C or so, night
Temperature is advisable with 16~20 DEG C, can not be less than 10 DEG C, temperature adjustment can be completed by sunshade, ventilation, water spray etc..（2）Liquid manure pipe
Reason：It is wet between being done between the neat after seedling small Water spray of watering can, matrix, with reference to the water spray progress Foliar Spraying of 4 times or so, using water-soluble
Property fertilizer 20-10-20 and 14-0-14（Purchased from Hangzhou Hongyue Flowers and Plants Co., Ltd.）, handed within 7 days with 50~100 mg/kg concentration
Tubing flow displacement is applied.（3）Illumination：Intensity of illumination 1500~2500 Lux, lighting delay number 8-10 h/d；After coming up, take and replace
Shading screen or the mode for opening light compensating lamp, are stepped up seedbed intensity of illumination and lighting delay number, intensity of illumination is increased by 1500 Lux
2500Lux is added to, lighting delay number increases to 10h/d by 8h/d；Every 7~10 days increase 500Lux intensities of illumination and 1h/d light
According to when number, Seedling Stage maximum intensity of illumination be 2500 Lux, maximum lighting delay number be 10 h/d.（4）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Prevent be
It is main, alternately sprayed once with 800 times of liquid carbendazim or average 7~10 d of thiophanate methyl after coming up, seedbed is often divulged information.
8. transplant upper basin：When seedling grows true leaf 3~4（Highly reach 2~6 cm）, upper basin is transplanted in time.
Claims (9)
1. ulmus elongata fruit in-vitro breeding method, it is characterised in that mainly comprise the following steps：
1）Elite stand selects：Healthy and strong straight and upright no disease and pests harm elite stand is selected, seed collecting elite stand age of tree 20-30 is raw；
2）Branch is gathered：With branch of the averruncator clip with bud when the appearance of ulmus elongata bud but not yet formation inflorescence, take back
Laboratory, it is desirable to the upper bud satiation health of branch section；
3）In-vitro breeding：Collection branch section is cut into the branch section of 30~40 cm length, insertion container bottle and carries out liquid cultivation, holding
10~20 DEG C of environment temperature, humidity 70~80%；A nutrient solution was changed every 5-7 days；
4）Fruit harvesting：When samara becomes yellowish-brown maturation by green, harvesting in time.
2. ulmus elongata fruit in-vitro breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 3）Middle liquid is cultivated
Nutrient solution is cultivated, and its nutrient solution prescription is：The mg/L of potassium nitrate 607, the mg/L of calcium nitrate 945, the mg/L of ammonium phosphate 115, magnesium sulfate
493 50 mg/L of mg/L, GGR No. 6 numbers, the mg/L of aspirin 100, the mg/L of activated carbon 2, the ml/L of iron salt solutions 2.5, micro member
Plain solution 5 ml/L, pH=6.0；The iron salt solutions formula is：The g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 2.78, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium 3.73
G, the ml of distilled water 500；The formula of the trace element solution is：The mg/L of KI 0.83, the mg/L of boric acid 6.2, manganese sulfate
22.3 mg/L, the mg/L of zinc sulfate 8.6, the mg/L of sodium molybdate 0.25, the mg/L of copper sulphate 0.025, the mg/L of cobalt chloride 0.025.
3. ulmus elongata seeding growing seedlings method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）Sowing：Using the ulmus elongata fruit described in claim 1 or 2, the removal of impurity is gone, in progress in after fruit harvesting 2~3 days
Hole tray seeding and seedling raising is sowed, and pours permeable after broadcasting, and keeps 20~25 DEG C of substrate temperature；
2）Seedling management：Mainly include temperature treatment, water and fertilizer management, illumination control and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
3）Basin in transplanting：When seedling grows true leaf 3~4, upper basin is transplanted in time.
4. ulmus elongata seeding growing seedlings method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step 1）Middle seedling medium uses river
Any one or more of sand, vegetable garden soil or special nursery peat.
5. ulmus elongata seeding growing seedlings method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the special nursery peat is Germany
Dimension No. 1 peat of special nursery.
6. ulmus elongata seeding growing seedlings method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step 2）Middle temperature treatment is as follows：From
Come up to cotyledon before being fully deployed, day temperature is kept for 25 DEG C or so, and night temperature is advisable with 16~20 DEG C, 10 DEG C can not be less than,
Temperature adjustment can be completed by sunshade, ventilation, water spray.
7. ulmus elongata seeding growing seedlings method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step 2）Middle liquid manure management method is：
It is wet between being done between the neat after seedling small Water spray of watering can, matrix, with reference to the water spray progress Foliar Spraying of 4 times or so, using water solubility
Fertilizer 20-10-20 and 14-0-14, are sprayed with 50~100 mg/kg 7 days alternatings of concentration.
8. ulmus elongata seeding growing seedlings method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step 2）Middle illumination control method is：
Intensity of illumination and lighting delay number, intensity of illumination 1500~2500 Lux, lighting delay number 8-10 h/d are stepped up after coming up.
9. ulmus elongata seeding growing seedlings method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step 2）Middle pest control method
For：Sprayed once with 800 times of liquid carbendazim or average 7~10 days alternatings of thiophanate methyl after coming up, seedbed is through normal open
Wind.
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| CN201710533350.8A CN107318556B (en) | 2017-07-03 | 2017-07-03 | In-vitro cultivation of elm longissima fruits and sowing and seedling method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN108887069A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-27 | 吉林省珲春林业局 | A kind of big fruit rose seeding growing seedlings method |
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