CN107318293A - Beach saline land comprehensive processing method - Google Patents
Beach saline land comprehensive processing method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of comprehensive processing method of beach saline land, belong to salt affected soil improving technology field.Comprise the following steps：（1）Earth excavation；（2）Build drainage system；（3）Backfill；（4）Elution and salt discharge；（5）Repeat step（4）, saline and alkaline is reduced to prescribed limit；（6）Apply soil conditioner, using bio-feritlizer, improve soil quality, lift soil fertility.The present invention initially sets up drainage system, then plowed soils, and then the soil of scarifying is eluted, and washing water is discharged from drainage system, so as to reduce the saline and alkaline of soil；After repeatedly being eluted again, the saline and alkaline of soil is reduced rapidly, meets the growth of general plant；But because elution also takes away the fertile matter in soil simultaneously, soil now is barrenr, and is easier hardened, therefore the present invention has also carried out the operation of compound fertilizer after to Soil leaching, bio-feritlizer is such as applied, to improve the fertility of soil rapidly, is adapted to plant growth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of comprehensive processing method of beach saline land, belong to salt affected soil improving technology field.
Background technology
The soil salinization is to limit the major obstacle that utilizes of coastal region optimization of land resource, with coastal region economy and
The fast development of urbanization, agricultural land area is constantly reduced, and improves and oneself has been put on scientific research day using salt-soda soil morning
Journey.It has been investigated that, coastal saline-alkali soil salt accumulation in surface soil phenomenon is serious and overall salt content is higher, and soil is in alkalescence.Soil
Middle Main Salts composition is sodium chloride and calcium chloride, and salinity is based on chloride and sulfate in topsoil.In 0-40 cm
Na in deep soil layer+、Cl-、S04 2-For main salt ion.According to institute's salt content and the number of alkali number, it can also be further divided into
Slight alkaline land（0.1%~0.25%）, moderate saline-alkali soil（0.1%~0.25%）With it is heavy salinized（0.5%~0.8%）.At this
In the soil of sample, general plant is difficult to survive.Therefore, this area is in the urgent need to a kind of method in improvement salt-soda soil.
Such as Authorization Notice No. CN102232328B Chinese invention patent, the method and salt in a kind of improvement salt-soda soil are disclosed
The implantation methods on alkali ground.The method in the improvement salt-soda soil be first excavate 40-60cm topsoil, then spread barrier film, every
From spreading planting soil on film.It is to prevent the planting soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil to spread barrier film.This method principle is simple, but complex operation, puts into
This is also very high.Not only need to excavate the substantial amounts of earthwork, in addition it is also necessary to carry out fill backward with substantial amounts of planting soil.In fact, due near
The popularization of mechanization of agriculture over year, the operation such as earth excavation, real tillage is popularized very much, but needed in this programme it is a large amount of
Planting soil be still relatively difficult.Therefore, although this method effect clearly, but is due to that cost is high, therefore very
Difficulty is widely applied.
In the prior art, also useful a large amount of fresh water are rinsed so that the technical scheme of salt affected soil desalination, implementing should
Need first to set up drainage system before scheme, preferably to discharge salt solution when rinsing.Such technical scheme, although be not required to
The earthwork that planting soil goes fill backward to excavate is purchased, but easily the phenomenon of the accumulation of salt in the surface soil occurs.It is primarily due to level of ground water
Rise to infiltrate in the soil after improvement so that the soil after improvement is changed into saline-alkali soil again.Therefore, according to this technology
Scheme is accomplished by carrying out the measure of the accumulation of salt in the surface soil.
In the prior art, the smaller technical scheme of financial cost is directly to be improved using soil conditioner.Soil changes
Good dose is typically natural high poly- liquid, organic improving matrix or organic waste, such as pyrolkigneous liquid, plant charcoal, garden waste.But
This scheme is only applicable to slight alkaline land, and improved effect is also poor, and the plant of some Salt And Alkali Tolerances can only be planted after improvement.
And it is more inexpensive, it is adaptable to various salt-soda soils, and with the alkaline land improving side of good anti-accumulation of salt in the surface soil effect
The problem of case is still this area urgent need to resolve.
The content of the invention
The invention solves the problems that above mentioned problem, so as to provide a kind of modification method in salt-soda soil.
Technical proposal that the invention solves the above-mentioned problems is as follows：
Beach saline land comprehensive processing method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Earth excavation：In salt-soda soil earth excavation, earth excavation depth is not less than 50cm；
（2）Build drainage system：After earth excavation, gutter is poured with cement, gutter is arranged on the salt-soda soil with S types；Row
The position in ditch is set lower than the earth excavation；Then gutter is made to turn into dark the top covering in the gutter with dividing plate
Canal, then buries hidden pipe in the salt-soda soil and is communicated with the closed conduit；And Anti-stop cover is set in the discharge outlet of the hidden pipe；
（3）Backfill：Backfilled with original soil, the drainage system is covered；
（4）Elution and salt discharge：Backfill soil is eluted and salt discharge with water or weakly acidic solution, while finely tuning the acid of soil
Basicity, leacheate is discharged from the drainage system, takes away part salinity in salt affected soil；
（5）Repeat step（4）, saline and alkaline is reduced to less than 0.3%；
（6）Apply soil conditioner in the alkaline land soil eluted, using bio-feritlizer, persistently improve soil quality, carry
Rise soil fertility；One or more of the soil conditioner in sulphur, calcium superphosphate, lime, gypsum.
Preferably, first collecting washing water with a small amount of water wash salt affected soil, pH value is tested, then be according to pH value judgement
It is no to need to use weakly acidic solution；If desired, first being eluted with weakly acidic solution, then eluted with clear water；Such as need not be directly with clear
Water wash；One or more of the weakly acidic solution in carbon acid solution, acetum, ammoniacal liquor, watery hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid.
Preferably, also including polyacrylamide in the soil conditioner.
Preferably, the bio-feritlizer is to use organic waste made from primary raw material carries out compost.
Preferably, the preparation method of the bio-feritlizer is specific as follows：Build in a cement pit, pond and be put into filler, fill out
Spawn incubation agent is added in material, organic waste is put into, is mixed thoroughly together with filler, environment temperature is maintained 20 DEG C~30 DEG C,
Allow its spontaneous fermentation；The Spawn incubation agent is the crushed material of glucose or starch grain seed；The filler be selected from rice bran,
One or more in wood chip, bark chip, stalk crushed material.
Preferably, the height of the closed conduit is 20-30cm, width is 20-30cm.
Preferably, also including step（7）, in the salt-soda soil upper area, set up mulch film to prevent or mitigate moisture
Evaporation.
Preferably, also including step（8）, the ecological region planting arbor above the closed conduit；In salt-soda soil plantation
Industrial crops.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, the present invention initially sets up drainage system, then plowed soils, and then the soil of scarifying is eluted, and washing water is from row
Water system is discharged, so as to reduce the saline and alkaline of soil；After repeatedly being eluted again, the saline and alkaline of soil is reduced rapidly, meets one
As plant growth；But because elution also takes away the fertile matter in soil simultaneously, soil now is barrenr, and compares appearance
It is easily hardened, therefore the present invention has also carried out the operation of compound fertilizer after to Soil leaching, such as applies bio-feritlizer, and soil is improved with rapid
The fertility of earth, is adapted to plant growth.
2nd, due to being located in coastal region, the soil of improvement is easy to, because the rising of underground sea water infiltrates, cause soil to return
Salt；When level of ground water rises, defensive measure of the present invention, i.e. covered conduit, because the setting height of covered conduit is less than the salt-soda soil turned over
Topsoil, when level of ground water rises, is appeared in covered conduit, as long as the moisture appeared in covered conduit is taken out by drainage system first
Walk；That is, can be solved by drainage system；
3rd, invention can not only be prevented effectively from the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil after improvement, and be also with very big tribute in itself to improved soil
Offer；The present invention by Soil leaching, then successively further corrects saline and alkaline using soil conditioner and bio-feritlizer and carried first
High soil fertility, and the anti-hardened ability of soil is improved, it is not limited solely to the growth that the soil after improvement is adapted to various plants
The plant of some Salt And Alkali Tolerances；
4th, invention first backfills the earthwork also above covered conduit and re-lays bio-feritlizer, finally plants arbor；Arbor has after growing up to
Flourishing root system, due to being planted in above the dividing plate of covered conduit, for many years after, even if dividing plate rots, and the root system of arbor is in growth
Shi Zehui bypasses previous still unputrefied dividing plate, so as to maintain the covered conduit using root system as new dividing plate so that covered conduit is able to forever protect
Stay；So that the present invention has permanent anti-accumulation of salt in the surface soil ability.
5 present invention additionally use special bio-feritlizer, so as to compensate for causing soil fertility reduction because of elution
Problem, this special bio-feritlizer be by by ferment of filler bed with discard organic matter and addition based on glucide
Spawn incubation agent is substrate, maintains certain temperature made from spontaneous fermentation, using this special bio-feritlizer, have
Effectively lift soil fertility and the effect of soil hardening will not be made.
6th, mulch film is set up above salt-soda soil of the invention also after improvement to reduce moisture evaporation, so as to be effectively retained in soil
Moisture, it is to avoid because capillary effect caused by underground water rise.
7th, in summary, the present invention is a kind of suitable for various salt-soda soils, and with the salt of good anti-accumulation of salt in the surface soil effect
Alkali ground comprehensive processing method.
Embodiment
Present embodiment is only explanation of the invention, is not limitation of the present invention, people in the art
Member's any change for being made after the specification of the present invention has been read, as long as in the range of claims, all will be by
The protection of Patent Law.
Embodiment one
Beach saline land comprehensive processing method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Earth excavation：In salt-soda soil earth excavation, earth excavation depth 50cm；
（2）Build drainage system：After earth excavation, gutter is poured with cement, gutter is arranged on the salt-soda soil with S types；Row
The position in ditch is set lower than the earth excavation, is highly 20-30cm, and width is 20-30cm and then with dividing plate by the row
The top covering in ditch makes gutter turn into closed conduit, and then bury hidden pipe in the salt-soda soil communicates with the closed conduit；And institute
State and Anti-stop cover is set in the discharge outlet of hidden pipe；
（3）Backfill：Backfilled with original soil, the drainage system is covered；
（4）Elution and salt discharge：Backfill soil is eluted and salt discharge with water, leacheate is discharged from the drainage system, is taken away
Part salinity in salt affected soil；
（5）Repeat step（4）, saline and alkaline is reduced to less than 0.3%；
（6）Apply soil conditioner in the alkaline land soil eluted, using bio-feritlizer, persistently improve soil quality, carry
Rise soil fertility；The soil conditioner is sulphur and polyacrylamide；The preparation method of the bio-feritlizer is specific as follows：Build
Make and addition Spawn incubation agent in filler, filler is put into a cement pit, pond, put into organic waste, mixed thoroughly together with filler, will
Environment temperature maintains 20 DEG C~30 DEG C, allows its spontaneous fermentation；The Spawn incubation agent is corn flour；Filler is rice bran and wood
Bits；
（7）In the salt-soda soil upper area, set up mulch film to prevent or mitigate moisture evaporation；
（8）Ecological region planting arbor above the closed conduit；Planted economic crops in the salt-soda soil.
Embodiment two
Beach saline land comprehensive processing method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Earth excavation：In salt-soda soil earth excavation, earth excavation depth 60cm；
（2）Build drainage system：After earth excavation, gutter is poured with cement, gutter is arranged on the salt-soda soil with S types；Row
The position in ditch is set lower than the earth excavation, is highly 20-30cm, and width is 20-30cm and then with dividing plate by the row
The top covering in ditch makes gutter turn into closed conduit, and then bury hidden pipe in the salt-soda soil communicates with the closed conduit；And institute
State and Anti-stop cover is set in the discharge outlet of hidden pipe；
（3）Backfill：Backfilled with original soil, the drainage system is covered；
（4）Elution and salt discharge：First with a small amount of water wash salt affected soil, washing water is collected, pH value is tested, then be according to pH value judgement
It is no to need to use weakly acidic solution；If desired, first being eluted with weakly acidic solution, then eluted with clear water；Such as need not be directly with clear
Water wash；The weakly acidic solution is selected from acetum；
（5）Repeat step（4）, saline and alkaline is reduced to less than 0.3%；
（6）Apply soil conditioner in the alkaline land soil eluted, using bio-feritlizer, persistently improve soil quality, carry
Rise soil fertility；The soil conditioner is sulphur and polyacrylamide；The preparation method of the bio-feritlizer is specific as follows：Build
Make and addition Spawn incubation agent in filler, filler is put into a cement pit, pond, put into organic waste, mixed thoroughly together with filler, will
Environment temperature maintains 20 DEG C~30 DEG C, allows its spontaneous fermentation；The Spawn incubation agent is glucose；The filler is selected from wood chip
With bark chip；
（7）In the salt-soda soil upper area, set up mulch film to prevent or mitigate moisture evaporation；
（8）Ecological region planting arbor above the closed conduit；Planted economic crops in the salt-soda soil.
Embodiment three
Beach saline land comprehensive processing method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Earth excavation：In salt-soda soil earth excavation, earth excavation depth 60cm；
（2）Build drainage system：After earth excavation, gutter is poured with cement, gutter is arranged on the salt-soda soil with S types；Row
The position in ditch is set lower than the earth excavation, is highly 20-30cm, and width is 20-30cm and then with dividing plate by the row
The top covering in ditch makes gutter turn into closed conduit, and then bury hidden pipe in the salt-soda soil communicates with the closed conduit；And institute
State and Anti-stop cover is set in the discharge outlet of hidden pipe；
（3）Backfill：Backfilled with original soil, the drainage system is covered；
（4）Elution and salt discharge：First with a small amount of water wash salt affected soil, washing water is collected, pH value is tested, then be according to pH value judgement
It is no to need to use weakly acidic solution；If desired, first being eluted with weakly acidic solution, then eluted with clear water；Such as need not be directly with clear
Water wash；The weakly acidic solution is selected from watery hydrochloric acid；
（5）Repeat step（4）, saline and alkaline is reduced to less than 0.3%；
（6）Apply soil conditioner in the alkaline land soil eluted, using bio-feritlizer, persistently improve soil quality, carry
Rise soil fertility；The soil conditioner is sulphur, gypsum and polyacrylamide；The preparation method of the bio-feritlizer is specific such as
Under：Build and addition Spawn incubation agent in filler, filler is put into a cement pit, pond, put into organic waste, mixed together with filler
It is even, environment temperature is maintained 20 DEG C~30 DEG C, its spontaneous fermentation is allowed；The Spawn incubation agent is corn flour；The filler choosing
From straw, bark chip and wood chip；
（7）In the salt-soda soil upper area, set up mulch film to prevent or mitigate moisture evaporation；
（8）Ecological region planting arbor above the closed conduit；Planted economic crops in the salt-soda soil.
Example IV
Beach saline land comprehensive processing method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Earth excavation：In salt-soda soil earth excavation, earth excavation depth 50cm；
（2）Build drainage system：After earth excavation, gutter is poured with cement, gutter is arranged on the salt-soda soil with S types；Row
The position in ditch is set lower than the earth excavation, is highly 20-30cm, and width is 20-30cm and then with dividing plate by the row
The top covering in ditch makes gutter turn into closed conduit, and then bury hidden pipe in the salt-soda soil communicates with the closed conduit；And institute
State and Anti-stop cover is set in the discharge outlet of hidden pipe；
（3）Backfill：Backfilled with original soil, the drainage system is covered；
（4）Elution and salt discharge：First with a small amount of water wash salt affected soil, washing water is collected, pH value is tested, then be according to pH value judgement
It is no to need to use weakly acidic solution；If desired, first being eluted with weakly acidic solution, then eluted with clear water；Such as need not be directly with clear
Water wash；One or more of the weakly acidic solution in carbon acid solution, acetum, ammoniacal liquor, watery hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid；
（5）Repeat step（4）, saline and alkaline is reduced to less than 0.3%；
（6）Apply soil conditioner in the alkaline land soil eluted, using bio-feritlizer, persistently improve soil quality, carry
Rise soil fertility；The soil conditioner is sulphur and gypsum；The preparation method of the bio-feritlizer is specific as follows：Build a water
Addition Spawn incubation agent in filler, filler is put into mud sump, pond, organic waste is put into, is mixed thoroughly together with filler, by environment temperature
Degree maintains 20 DEG C~30 DEG C, allows its spontaneous fermentation；The Spawn incubation agent is ground rice；The filler be selected from rice bran, wood chip and
Stalk crushed material；
（7）In the salt-soda soil upper area, set up mulch film to prevent or mitigate moisture evaporation；
（8）Ecological region planting arbor above the closed conduit；Planted economic crops in the salt-soda soil.
Claims (8)
1. the comprehensive processing method of beach saline land, comprises the following steps：
（1）Earth excavation：In salt-soda soil earth excavation, earth excavation depth is not less than 50cm；
（2）Build drainage system：After earth excavation, gutter is poured with cement, gutter is arranged on the salt-soda soil with S types；Row
The position in ditch is set lower than the earth excavation；Then gutter is made to turn into dark the top covering in the gutter with dividing plate
Canal, then buries hidden pipe in the salt-soda soil and is communicated with the closed conduit；And Anti-stop cover is set in the discharge outlet of the hidden pipe；
（3）Backfill：Backfilled with original soil, the drainage system is covered；
（4）Elution and salt discharge：Backfill soil is eluted and salt discharge with water or weakly acidic solution, while finely tuning the acid of soil
Basicity, leacheate is discharged from the drainage system, takes away part salinity in salt affected soil；
（5）Repeat step（4）, saline and alkaline is reduced to less than 0.3%；
（6）Apply soil conditioner in the alkaline land soil eluted, using bio-feritlizer, persistently improve soil quality, carry
Rise soil fertility；One or more of the soil conditioner in sulphur, calcium superphosphate, lime, gypsum.
2. the native modification method of a kind of coastal saline-alkali according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is first saline and alkaline with a small amount of water wash
Soil, collects washing water, tests pH value, then judge whether to need to use weakly acidic solution according to pH value；If desired, first using weak acid
Property solution elution, then eluted with clear water；Directly it need not such as be eluted with clear water；The weakly acidic solution is selected from carbon acid solution, vinegar
One or more in acid solution, ammoniacal liquor, watery hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid.
3. the native modification method of a kind of coastal saline-alkali according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the soil conditioner also
Include polyacrylamide.
4. the native modification method of a kind of coastal saline-alkali according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The bio-feritlizer is to use
Organic waste is that primary raw material is carried out made from compost.
5. the native modification method of a kind of coastal saline-alkali according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The preparation of the bio-feritlizer
Method is specific as follows：Build and addition Spawn incubation agent in filler, filler is put into a cement pit, pond, put into organic waste, with
Filler is mixed thoroughly together, and environment temperature is maintained into 20 DEG C~30 DEG C, allows its spontaneous fermentation；The Spawn incubation agent be glucose or
The crushed material of starch grain seed；The one kind or many of the filler in rice bran, wood chip, bark chip, stalk crushed material
Kind.
6. the native modification method of a kind of coastal saline-alkali according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The height of the closed conduit is
20-30cm, width is 20-30cm.
7. the native modification method of a kind of coastal saline-alkali according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include step（7）, institute
Salt-soda soil upper area is stated, sets up mulch film to prevent or mitigate moisture evaporation.
8. the native modification method of a kind of coastal saline-alkali according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include step（8）, institute
State the ecological region planting arbor above closed conduit；Planted economic crops in the salt-soda soil.
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| CN201710602233.2A CN107318293A (en) | 2017-07-21 | 2017-07-21 | Beach saline land comprehensive processing method |
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| CN201710602233.2A CN107318293A (en) | 2017-07-21 | 2017-07-21 | Beach saline land comprehensive processing method |
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ID=60199675
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108076719A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-29 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of engineering improvement on heavy salinized ground of haftplatte and ecological planting and establishing method |
| CN108112294A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-06-05 | 广东粤壮园林建设有限公司 | A kind of saline and alkali land improvement method |
| CN108184356A (en) * | 2018-01-06 | 2018-06-22 | 江苏恒绿建设工程有限公司 | A kind of modification method of alkaline land soil |
| CN108338037A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-07-31 | 山东农业大学 | A method of it pouring acetic acid and alleviates salt affected soil to grape growth stress |
| CN109076739A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-25 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | A kind of strand heavy salinized ground method for recovering vegetation |
| CN109429605A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-03-08 | 谢宁汉 | A kind of salt-soda soil and desertification administering method |
| CN109479642A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-19 | 袁米农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of sorghum |
| CN109743922A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-05-14 | 盐城市农产品质量监督检验测试中心 | A kind of modification method of booth vegetable soil |
| CN111892460A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-06 | 天津开发区坤禾生物技术有限公司 | Bio-organic fertilizer for improving soil quality of saline-alkali soil and application thereof |
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| CN106385852A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for leaching saline-alkali soil |
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| US6503287B1 (en) * | 1999-04-09 | 2003-01-07 | Hendrikus Schraven | System and method of soil distribution, such as a soil blend, capable of being blown into place |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108112294A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-06-05 | 广东粤壮园林建设有限公司 | A kind of saline and alkali land improvement method |
| CN108076719A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-29 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of engineering improvement on heavy salinized ground of haftplatte and ecological planting and establishing method |
| CN108076719B (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2020-03-24 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Engineering improvement and ecological planting method for sticky plate severe saline-alkali soil |
| CN108184356A (en) * | 2018-01-06 | 2018-06-22 | 江苏恒绿建设工程有限公司 | A kind of modification method of alkaline land soil |
| CN108338037A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-07-31 | 山东农业大学 | A method of it pouring acetic acid and alleviates salt affected soil to grape growth stress |
| CN109076739A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-25 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | A kind of strand heavy salinized ground method for recovering vegetation |
| CN109076739B (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2021-06-01 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Method for recovering vegetation in coastal severe saline-alkali soil |
| CN109429605A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-03-08 | 谢宁汉 | A kind of salt-soda soil and desertification administering method |
| CN109479642A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-19 | 袁米农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of sorghum |
| CN109743922A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-05-14 | 盐城市农产品质量监督检验测试中心 | A kind of modification method of booth vegetable soil |
| CN111892460A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-06 | 天津开发区坤禾生物技术有限公司 | Bio-organic fertilizer for improving soil quality of saline-alkali soil and application thereof |
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