CN107311676A - 一种抗压耐火保温砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗压耐火保温砖及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107311676A
CN107311676A CN201710567076.6A CN201710567076A CN107311676A CN 107311676 A CN107311676 A CN 107311676A CN 201710567076 A CN201710567076 A CN 201710567076A CN 107311676 A CN107311676 A CN 107311676A
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李丹丹
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Hefei Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd Fanteng
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抗压耐火保温砖及其制备方法，包括以下原料：刚玉莫来石、石英砂、膨胀珍珠岩、蛭石、碳化硅微粉、漂珠、二氧化硅微粉、钛白粉、耐火粘土、发泡剂和水。其制备步骤：（1）原料研磨；（2）加水搅拌均匀，加热到1200‑1400℃并保温3‑5h；（3）自然冷却，加入发泡剂，搅拌均匀后，倒入模具，在700‑800℃下保温1‑3h；（4）脱模，干燥，加热，即得抗压耐火保温砖。本发明提供一种抗压耐火保温砖，具有抗压强度高、导热系数低、保温隔热性能好、防火性能佳、耐候性好等特点。

Description

一种抗压耐火保温砖及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域，具体涉及一种抗压耐火保温砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
耐火砖是用耐火黏土或其他耐火原料烧制成的具有一定形状和尺寸的耐火材料，淡黄色或褐色，耐1580℃-1770℃的高温，主要用于砌冶炼炉。按制备工艺方法来划分可分为烧成砖、不烧砖、电熔砖、耐火隔热砖；按形状和尺寸可分为标准型砖、普通砖、特异型砖等。耐火砖可用作建筑窑炉和各种热工设备的高温建筑材料和结构材料，并在高温下能经受各种物理化学变化和机械作用。耐火砖包括耐火粘土砖、高铝砖、硅砖、镁砖等。
目前，市面上的耐火砖存在抗压强度低，耐火性差等问题，使用时容易损坏，使用寿命短。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的问题，提供一种抗压耐火保温砖及其制备方法，具有抗压强度高、导热系数低、保温隔热性能好、防火性能佳、耐候性好等特点。
为了实现本发明的上述目的，特采用以下技术方案：
一种抗压耐火保温砖，由以下重量份数的原料制备而成：刚玉莫来石20-40份、石英砂10-20份、膨胀珍珠岩25-35份、蛭石8-15份、碳化硅微粉2-8份、漂珠3-10份、二氧化硅微粉1-6份、钛白粉2-8份、耐火粘土4-10份、发泡剂0.5-1.5份和水40-60份。
优选的，所述刚玉莫来石30份、石英砂15份、膨胀珍珠岩30份、蛭石12份、碳化硅微粉5份、漂珠6份、二氧化硅微粉3.5份、钛白粉5份、耐火粘土7份、发泡剂1份和水50份。
优选的，所述漂珠是由质量配比为2-4:1的二氧化硅和三氧化二铝组成。
优选的，所述耐火粘土中三氧化二铝质量百分比为30％-50％。
优选的，所述发泡剂为碳酸钠、碳酸镁、碳酸氢钠和碳粉中的一种。
一种抗压耐火保温砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将刚玉莫来石、石英砂、膨胀珍珠岩、蛭石、碳化硅微粉、漂珠、二氧化硅微粉、钛白粉、耐火粘土用砂磨机进行研磨，过50-100目筛得到混合细料；
(2)将步骤(1)的混合细料和水搅拌均匀后，在90-120℃下保温2-3h，然后加热到1200-1400℃并保温3-5h；
(3)将步骤(2)加热的粉体自然冷却，待粉体温度降至400-500℃后，加入发泡剂，搅拌均匀后，将其倒入模具中，加热模具，在700-800℃下保温1-3h；
(4)保温完成后，在室温条件下养护10-20h，脱模，再在100-120℃下干燥5-10h，最后再1000-1200℃条件下保温3-5h，即得抗压耐火保温砖。
优选的，所述步骤(2)中的搅拌均匀条件：于500-600r/min的转速下搅拌30-50min。
优选的，所述步骤(2)中加热的速率为4-10℃/min。
优选的，所述步骤(3)中搅拌均匀的条件：于300-400r/min的转速下搅拌20-30min。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：本发明提供一种抗压耐火保温砖，具有抗压强度高、导热系数低、保温隔热性能好、防火性能佳、耐候性好等特点，具体情况如下：
(1)本发明采用刚玉莫来石、石英砂、碳化硅微粉、漂珠、二氧化硅微粉、钛白粉为主要原料，利用这些原料高强度、高耐磨、耐火特性，提高耐火砖强度、耐火性能，同时通过加入发泡剂，使得各原料之间的结合更加紧密，进一步提高耐火砖强度，保温性能大大提高，同时通过加入耐火粘土进一步提高了本发明耐火砖耐火性能；
(2)本发明通过使用膨胀珍珠岩、蛭石、漂珠等轻质料，在不影响耐火庄强度的同时，使得耐火砖更加的轻质，同时保温性能得到进一步的提高；
(3)本发明的耐火砖的抗压强度、耐火性能、保温性能等性能指标均达到国家标准要求，并且优于现有的耐火砖，可满足生产中对高强度耐火砖的要求。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对发明作进一步详细的描述。
实施例1
一种抗压耐火保温砖，由以下重量份数的原料制备而成：刚玉莫来石30份、石英砂15份、膨胀珍珠岩30份、蛭石12份、碳化硅微粉5份、漂珠6份、二氧化硅微粉3.5份、钛白粉5份、耐火粘土7份、发泡剂1份和水50份。
其中，所述漂珠是由质量配比为3:1的二氧化硅和三氧化二铝组成。
其中，所述耐火粘土中三氧化二铝质量百分比为40％。
其中，所述发泡剂为碳酸钠、碳酸镁、碳酸氢钠和碳粉中的一种。
一种抗压耐火保温砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将刚玉莫来石、石英砂、膨胀珍珠岩、蛭石、碳化硅微粉、漂珠、二氧化硅微粉、钛白粉、耐火粘土用砂磨机进行研磨，过75目筛得到混合细料；
(2)将步骤(1)的混合细料和水搅拌均匀后，在105℃下保温2.5h，然后加热到1300℃并保温4h；
(3)将步骤(2)加热的粉体自然冷却，待粉体温度降至450℃后，加入发泡剂，搅拌均匀后，将其倒入模具中，加热模具，在750℃下保温2h；
(4)保温完成后，在室温条件下养护15h，脱模，再在110℃下干燥7h，最后再1100℃条件下保温4h，即得抗压耐火保温砖。
其中，所述步骤(2)中的搅拌均匀条件：于550r/min的转速下搅拌40min。
其中，所述步骤(2)中加热的速率为7℃/min。
其中，所述步骤(3)中搅拌均匀的条件：于350r/min的转速下搅拌25min。
实施例2
一种抗压耐火保温砖，由以下重量份数的原料制备而成：刚玉莫来石20份、石英砂10份、膨胀珍珠岩25份、蛭石8份、碳化硅微粉2份、漂珠3份、二氧化硅微粉1份、钛白粉2份、耐火粘土4份、发泡剂0.5份和水40份。
其中，所述漂珠是由质量配比为2:1的二氧化硅和三氧化二铝组成。
其中，所述耐火粘土中三氧化二铝质量百分比为30％。
其中，所述发泡剂为碳酸钠、碳酸镁、碳酸氢钠和碳粉中的一种。
一种抗压耐火保温砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将刚玉莫来石、石英砂、膨胀珍珠岩、蛭石、碳化硅微粉、漂珠、二氧化硅微粉、钛白粉、耐火粘土用砂磨机进行研磨，过50目筛得到混合细料；
(2)将步骤(1)的混合细料和水搅拌均匀后，在90℃下保温2h，然后加热到1200℃并保温3h；
(3)将步骤(2)加热的粉体自然冷却，待粉体温度降至400℃后，加入发泡剂，搅拌均匀后，将其倒入模具中，加热模具，在700℃下保温1h；
(4)保温完成后，在室温条件下养护10h，脱模，再在100℃下干燥5h，最后再1000℃条件下保温3h，即得抗压耐火保温砖。
其中，所述步骤(2)中的搅拌均匀条件：于500r/min的转速下搅拌30min。
其中，所述步骤(2)中加热的速率为4℃/min。
其中，所述步骤(3)中搅拌均匀的条件：于300r/min的转速下搅拌20min。
实施例3
一种抗压耐火保温砖，由以下重量份数的原料制备而成：刚玉莫来石40份、石英砂20份、膨胀珍珠岩35份、蛭石15份、碳化硅微粉8份、漂珠10份、二氧化硅微粉6份、钛白粉8份、耐火粘土10份、发泡剂1.5份和水60份。
其中，所述漂珠是由质量配比为4:1的二氧化硅和三氧化二铝组成。
其中，所述耐火粘土中三氧化二铝质量百分比为50％。
其中，所述发泡剂为碳酸钠、碳酸镁、碳酸氢钠和碳粉中的一种。
一种抗压耐火保温砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将刚玉莫来石、石英砂、膨胀珍珠岩、蛭石、碳化硅微粉、漂珠、二氧化硅微粉、钛白粉、耐火粘土用砂磨机进行研磨，过100目筛得到混合细料；
(2)将步骤(1)的混合细料和水搅拌均匀后，在120℃下保温3h，然后加热到1400℃并保温5h；
(3)将步骤(2)加热的粉体自然冷却，待粉体温度降至500℃后，加入发泡剂，搅拌均匀后，将其倒入模具中，加热模具，在800℃下保温3h；
(4)保温完成后，在室温条件下养护20h，脱模，再在120℃下干燥10h，最后再1200℃条件下保温5h，即得抗压耐火保温砖。
其中，所述步骤(2)中的搅拌均匀条件：于600r/min的转速下搅拌50min。
其中，所述步骤(2)中加热的速率为10℃/min。
其中，所述步骤(3)中搅拌均匀的条件：于400r/min的转速下搅拌30min。
对比例1
采取实施例1-3的耐火砖以及市售的另外两款市面上的耐火砖分别作为对照组1和对照组2进行测试。
测试内容：抗压强度、导热系数、燃烧性能进行检测。
相关标准：抗压强度：GB/T11969-2008；导热系数：GB/T10294-2008；燃烧性能：GB/T18624-2006。
得到如下表的测试结果：
通过上表可知，本发明的抗压耐火保温砖的调抗压强度、导热系数、燃烧性能均优于对照组，说明本发明具有抗压强度高、导热系数低、保温隔热性能好、防火性能佳、耐候性好等特点。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例，凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理前提下的若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种抗压耐火保温砖，其特征在于，由以下重量份数的原料制备而成：刚玉莫来石20-40份、石英砂10-20份、膨胀珍珠岩25-35份、蛭石8-15份、碳化硅微粉2-8份、漂珠3-10份、二氧化硅微粉1-6份、钛白粉2-8份、耐火粘土4-10份、发泡剂0.5-1.5份和水40-60份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗压耐火保温砖，其特征在于，所述刚玉莫来石30份、石英砂15份、膨胀珍珠岩30份、蛭石12份、碳化硅微粉5份、漂珠6份、二氧化硅微粉3.5份、钛白粉5份、耐火粘土7份、发泡剂1份和水50份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗压耐火保温砖，其特征在于，所述漂珠是由质量配比为2-4:1的二氧化硅和三氧化二铝组成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的抗压耐火保温砖，其特征在于，所述耐火粘土中三氧化二铝质量百分比为30%-50%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的抗压耐火保温砖，其特征在于，所述发泡剂为碳酸钠、碳酸镁、碳酸氢钠和碳粉中的一种。
6.一种根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的抗压耐火保温砖的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）将刚玉莫来石、石英砂、膨胀珍珠岩、蛭石、碳化硅微粉、漂珠、二氧化硅微粉、钛白粉、耐火粘土用砂磨机进行研磨，过50-100目筛得到混合细料；
（2）将步骤（1）的混合细料和水搅拌均匀后，在90-120℃下保温2-3h，然后加热到1200-1400℃并保温3-5h；
（3）将步骤（2）加热的粉体自然冷却，待粉体温度降至400-500℃后，加入发泡剂，搅拌均匀后，将其倒入模具中，加热模具，在700-800℃下保温1-3h；
（4）保温完成后，在室温条件下养护10-20h，脱模，再在100-120℃下干燥5-10h，最后再1000-1200℃条件下保温3-5h，即得抗压耐火保温砖。
7.根据权利要求6所述的抗压耐火保温砖的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（2）中的搅拌均匀条件：于500-600r/min的转速下搅拌30-50min。
8.据权利要求6所述的抗压耐火保温砖的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（2）中加热的速率为4-10℃/min。
9.据权利要求6所述的抗压耐火保温砖的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（3）中搅拌均匀的条件：于300-400r/min的转速下搅拌20-30min。
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