CN106431434A - 一种闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
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- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料及其制备方法。其技术方案是:将质量百分比40~95wt%的铝矾土生矿粉和5~60wt%的二氧化硅质原料混合均匀,再外加上述原料质量百分比之和3~10wt%的添加剂,搅拌均匀得到混合料,将混合料倒入模具中在80~150MPa的压力下成型得到坯体,将坯体在80~160℃的温度下烘烤2~12小时后,再放入高温炉中在1450~1750℃条件下煅烧3~18小时,即得到闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料。本发明具有生产成本低,同时兼具资源节约和节省能源的特色,所得到的制品闭口气孔率高、体积密度小、耐压强度大。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于无机非金属材料技术领域,涉及新型多孔陶瓷或多孔耐火材料的制备方法,具体涉及一种闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料及其制备方法。
技术背景
随着对环境保护意识的不断提高,节能材料成为新材料的重要方向。高温工业中为进一步减少排放,开始大量使用隔热耐火材料。目前,绝大多数的隔热耐火材料在温度较低的保温层中使用,未能直接在高温熔体接触的工作层中使用。主要原因是所生产的隔热材料开口气孔率高、荷重软化温度低,抗侵蚀性能差。制备使用温度高,隔热效果好的耐火材料是当今发展的重点,其关键技术在于在材料的内部引入气孔,增加材料的闭口气孔率,在保证高温荷载的前提下,增加隔热效果。
目前,闭孔型的隔热耐火材料主要有氧化铝空心球、氧化锆空心球,如发明专利“一种矾土基刚玉空心球的制备方法”(专利号:CN 101863672 A)该专利以高铝矾土为主要原料采用电熔的方法熔炼提存,用压缩空气喷吹制备氧化铝空心球,所制备的氧化铝空心球具有使用温度高、隔热性能好的特点,但由于制备温度高、能耗大,工艺复杂、产品价格高,很难广泛使用。发明专利“氧化锆质空心球的制备方法”(专利号 CN 102584279 A)以氧化锆为原料,聚苯乙烯为造孔剂,该发明采用添加大量烧失物的方法制备空心结构的氧化锆球,煅烧过程中易排放CO2造成环境污染。
发明内容
本发明的目的正是针对上述现有技术中所存在的不足之处而提供一种闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料及其制备方法。该方法生产成本低、资源利用率高,所制备的闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料具有闭口气孔率高、耐压强度高的特点。
本发明的目的可采用下述技术措施来实现:
本发明的闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料包括下述重量百分比的原料:铝矾土生矿粉40~95wt%、二氧化硅质原料5~60wt%,以及上述原料质量百分比之和3~10wt%的添加剂。
本发明中所述的铝矾土生矿粉中Al2O3质量百分含量≥40.0wt%,粒径≤0.074mm;所述的二氧化硅质原料取自熔融石英、硅石、废硅砖、硅微粉或硅溶胶中的一种或几种的组合,原料中SiO2质量百分含量≥93.0wt%,原料的粒径范围:10nm~1.0mm;所述的添加剂取自糊精、纸浆废液、聚乙烯醇、羟甲基纤维素、淀粉、蔗糖或铝溶胶中的一种或几种的组合。
本发明的制备方法采用下述步骤实现:
(1)按重量百分比取40~95wt%铝矾土生矿粉和5~60wt%二氧化硅质原料,并混合均匀,再外加上述原料质量百分比之和3~10wt%的添加剂,搅拌均匀得到混合泥料;
(2)将上述混合泥料倒入模具中在80~150MPa的压力下成型得到坯体;
(3)将所得坯体在80~160℃下烘烤2~12小时后,再放入高温炉中在1450~1750℃条件下煅烧3~18小时,即得到闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料。
本发明制备的闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料以莫来石相为主。本发明采用了烧结原位成孔的方法,所形成的孔多为闭口气孔,闭口气孔率为10~45%,体积密度为1.3~2.3g/cm3,耐压强度为20~40MPa。
本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明以铝矾土生矿粉和二氧化硅质原料为主要原料,成本低廉且提高了资源的综合利用率。本发明采用了烧结原位成孔技术,生产过程无污染、无大量CO2气体排放,所制备的闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料具有闭口气孔率高、耐压强度大、体积密度小、使用温度高的特点。
附图说明
图1 为闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料的XRD衍射图谱。
图2为闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料的显微结构照片。
具体实施方式
本发明以下将结合实施例作进一步的描述:
实施例1
按质量百分比将70wt%的铝矾土生矿粉和30wt%的二氧化硅质原料混合均匀,再外加上述原料质量百分比之和6wt%的淀粉作为添加剂,搅拌均匀得到混合泥料;将泥料倒入模具中在100MPa的压力下成型得到坯体;将坯体在120℃的温度下烘烤8小时后,再放入高温炉中在1650~1680℃条件下煅烧5小时,即得到闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料。
本实施例所述的铝矾土生矿粉中Al2O3质量百分含量为70~75wt%,粒径≤0.074mm;所述的二氧化硅质原料为熔融石英,原料中SiO2质量百分含量≥98.0wt%,粒径:0.01~0.1mm。
本实施例所制备的闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料的技术指标为:闭口气孔率为22%~28%,体积密度1.9~2.1g/cm3,耐压强度为28~30MPa。
实施例2
按质量百分比将60wt%的铝矾土生矿粉和40wt%的二氧化硅质原料混合均匀,再外加上述原料质量百分比之和4wt%的聚乙二醇作为添加剂,搅拌均匀得到混合泥料;将泥料倒入模具中在120MPa的压力下成型得到坯体;将坯体在120℃的温度下烘烤6小时后,再放入高温炉中在1550~1600℃条件下煅烧6小时,即得到闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料。
本实施例所述的铝矾土生矿粉中Al2O3质量百分含量为75~80wt%,粒径≤0.074mm;所述的二氧化硅质原料为废硅砖,原料中SiO2质量百分含量≥94.0wt%,粒径:0.02~0.15mm。
本实施例所制备的闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料的技术指标为:闭口气孔率为32%~38%,体积密度1.8~2.0g/cm3,耐压强度为22~24MPa。
实施例3
按质量百分比将68wt%的铝矾土生矿粉和32wt%的二氧化硅质原料混合均匀,再外加上述原料质量百分比之和4wt%的糊精作为添加剂,搅拌均匀得到混合泥料;将泥料倒入模具中在100MPa的压力下成型得到坯体;将坯体在110℃的温度下烘烤10小时后,再放入高温炉中在1580~1620℃条件下煅烧3小时,即得到闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料。
本实施例所述的铝矾土生矿粉中Al2O3质量百分含量为55~60wt%,粒径≤0.074mm;所述的二氧化硅质原料为废硅砖,原料中SiO2质量百分含量≥94.0wt%,粒径:0.02~0.2mm。本实施例所制备的闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料的技术指标为:闭口气孔率为25%~32%,体积密度1.8~2.1g/cm3,耐压强度为25~28MPa。
Claims (6)
1.一种闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料,其特征在于:所述的闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料包括下述重量百分比的原料:铝矾土生矿粉40~95wt%、二氧化硅质原料5~60wt%,以及上述原料质量百分比之和3~10wt%的添加剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料,其特征在于:所述的铝矾土生矿粉中Al2O3质量百分含量≥40.0wt%,粒径≤0.074mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料,其特征在于:所述的二氧化硅质原料取自熔融石英、硅石、废硅砖、硅微粉或硅溶胶中的一种或几种的组合,原料中SiO2质量百分含量≥93.0wt%,原料粒径范围:10nm~1.0mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料,其特征在于:所述的添加剂取自糊精、纸浆废液、聚乙烯醇、羟甲基纤维素、淀粉、蔗糖或铝溶胶中的一种或几种的组合。
5.一种用于制备权利要求1所述闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料的方法,其特征在于:所用方法采用下述步骤实现:
(1)按重量百分比取40~95wt%铝矾土生矿粉和5~60wt%二氧化硅质原料,并混合均匀,再外加上述原料质量百分比之和3~10wt%的添加剂,搅拌均匀得到混合泥料;
(2)将上述混合泥料倒入模具中在80~150MPa的压力下成型得到坯体;
(3)将所得坯体在80~160℃下烘烤2~12小时后,再放入高温炉中在1450~1750℃条件下煅烧3~18小时,即得到闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料以莫来石相为主;在制备闭孔型矾土基莫来石材料时采用了烧结原位成孔的技术,所形成的孔多为闭口气孔,闭口气孔率为10~45%,体积密度为1.3~2.3g/cm3,耐压强度为20~40MPa。
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