CN107306947B - 一种农用增效剂与吡唑醚菌酯、咪鲜胺复配物混配的混合物及其制备和应用 - Google Patents
一种农用增效剂与吡唑醚菌酯、咪鲜胺复配物混配的混合物及其制备和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107306947B CN107306947B CN201710458230.6A CN201710458230A CN107306947B CN 107306947 B CN107306947 B CN 107306947B CN 201710458230 A CN201710458230 A CN 201710458230A CN 107306947 B CN107306947 B CN 107306947B
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/38—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< where at least one nitrogen atom is part of a heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种农用增效剂与吡唑醚菌酯、咪鲜胺复配物混配的混合物及其制备和应用,混合物中,所述农用增效剂为N‑380,所述吡唑醚菌酯、咪鲜胺的复配物为杀菌剂,所述农用增效剂与所述杀菌剂的重量比为1:1‑50,所述吡唑醚菌酯与咪鲜胺的重量比为1:10‑10:1。本发明还涉及所述农用增效剂用于增加杀菌剂渗入植物叶面的用途,以及所述混合物用于防治农业病害的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农业领域,具体是一种农用增效剂与吡唑醚菌酯、咪鲜胺复配物混配的混合物及其制备和应用。
背景技术
我国是一个农业大国,在实际农业生产中离不开农药的使用,但是,随着化学防治用药历史的延长、农药不科学使用等因素的影响,随之而来的是,农业病虫害抗性日益严重,是目前急需解决的农业问题之一。
吡唑醚菌酯(pyraclostrobin)为甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂,作用机理为线粒体呼吸抑制剂,即通过在细胞色素合成中阻止电子转移,具有保护、治疗、叶片渗透传导作用。
咪鲜胺(prochloraz)是由拜耳公司开发的咪唑类杀菌剂,属于咪唑类光谱杀菌剂,通过抑制甾醇的生物合成而引起作用,具有一定的传导功能,对于子囊菌及半知菌引起的多种作物病害有特效。
中国专利CN106106491A公开了一种吡唑醚菌酯和咪鲜胺复配水乳剂,由吡唑醚菌酯、咪鲜胺以及其它助剂制成,对柑橘树炭疽病具有较高的防效。
中国专利CN105941395A公开了一种含有吡唑醚菌酯和咪鲜胺的农药组合物,包括常用助剂、吡唑醚菌酯和咪鲜胺,对禾谷镰刀菌有协同增效作用,适用于防治小麦赤霉病。
中国专利CN104798801A公开了一种含吡唑醚菌酯和咪鲜胺的水乳剂杀菌剂组合物,其包含5~15%吡唑醚菌酯,10~30%咪鲜胺以及其它助剂,其通过研究杀菌剂的作用机理引进新的配方理念,筛选了特殊的乳化剂,使有效成分形成水包油的纳米级微粒,提高了标靶的利用率,增效明显。
中国专利CN101524082A公开了一种吡唑醚菌酯与咪鲜胺复配农药,适用于防治禾谷类、各种瓜、果、蔬菜、香蕉、辣椒、水稻、芒果、菠萝等作物病害,有效成分是吡唑醚菌酯和咪鲜胺。
现有技术虽然公开了吡唑醚菌酯与咪鲜胺的复配物,但这方面的研究几乎只停留在协同增效层面,至于与农药的渗透率、持效期等相关的助剂配方等方面的改进研究较少。
N-380是一种市售聚氧乙烯醚改性三硅氧烷类物质,为新型功能助剂,已知具有较好的润湿性能,并且在农药制剂加工中能够有效抑制泡沫产生。
发明内容
基于现有技术存在的上述问题,本发明人经过了长期的研究,筛选出了一种能够有效增加吡唑醚菌酯与咪鲜胺叶面渗透性的增效剂,提高了农药的利用率以及增加了持效期。基于该发现,发明人完成了本发明。
本发明的目的在于提供一种农用增效剂与吡唑醚菌酯、咪鲜胺复配物混配的混合物及其制备和应用。
本发明是通过下述技术方案实现的:
一种农用增效剂与吡唑醚菌酯、咪鲜胺复配物混配的混合物,其中,所述农用增效剂为N-380;所述吡唑醚菌酯与咪鲜胺的复配物为杀菌剂。
其中N-380为符合下述结构的聚氧乙烯醚改性三硅氧烷类化合物的复配物:
其中,n=14-16,且三者的摩尔比Mn14:Mn15:Mn16=1-2:1-2:1-2。
在本发明的混合物中,所述农用增效剂与所述杀菌剂的重量比为1:1-50,优选1:5-25,更优选1:6-12,例如1:6、1:7、1:8、1:9、1:10、1:11、1:12。
在本发明的混合物中,所述吡唑醚菌酯与咪鲜胺的重量比为1:10-10:1,优选1:4-6:1,例如1:2、1:1、3:2、2:1、4:1、5:1。
根据本发明的混合物,其中,所述混合物还包含农业上可接受的载体和/或助剂,制备成农业上可接受的剂型,优选制备成悬浮剂、水分散粒剂、水乳剂、可湿性粉剂。
上述剂型均为本领域常规剂型,其制备方法为本领域技术人员所熟知的,制备成上述各种剂型所用到的助剂和/或载体及其用量同样为本领域技术人员所熟知的,例如参照《农药剂型加工技术》。所用农药上可接受的载体和助剂包括但不限于:溶剂、乳化剂、分散剂、润湿剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、稳定剂、防腐剂、填料和/或载体等等。本领域技术人员可以选用其中的一种或多种助剂和/或载体。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,将本发明的混合物制备成悬浮剂,其配方组成为:杀菌剂复配物1-50%,N-380 0.1-10%,分散剂1-25%,润湿剂1-25%,增稠剂0.1-5%,防冻剂0.5-5%,消泡剂0.1-5%,防腐剂0-5%、水补足至100%。其制备方法为:将有效成分以及各种助剂与水混合,经高速剪切分散、砂磨机砂磨后,形成高分散、稳定的悬浮体系,制得悬浮剂。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,将本发明的混合物制备成水分散粒剂,其配方组成为:杀菌剂复配物1-50%,N-380 0.1-10%,分散剂1-25%,润湿剂1-25%,崩解剂1-10%,粘结剂0.1-5%,固体载体补足至100%。其制备方法为:将各组分混合均匀,经粉碎、造粒,制得水分散粒剂。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,将本发明的混合物制备成水乳剂,其配方组成为:杀菌剂复配物1-50%,N-380 0.1-10%,溶剂1-40%,乳化剂1-25%,分散剂1-25%,增稠剂0.5-5%,消泡剂0.5-5%,防冻剂0.5-5%,稳定剂0-5%,水补足至100%。其制备方法为:将杀菌剂复配物用溶剂溶解制备成油相,将其他各组分加入水中搅拌均匀制备成水相,然后边搅拌边将油相加入水相,搅拌均匀,制得水乳剂。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,将本发明的混合物制备成可湿性粉剂,其配方组成为:杀菌剂复配物1-50%,N-380 0.1-10%,分散剂1-25%,润湿剂1-25%,固体载体补足至100%。其制备方法为:将各组分混合,经研磨、粉碎,制得可湿性粉剂。
其中,在上述配方中,所述溶剂可以选用:甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、丙酮、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、二氯甲烷、环己烷、环己酮、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、石油醚、乙酸乙酯中的一种或多种;
所述乳化剂可以选用:木质素磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钙、苯乙烯基苯基聚氧乙烯醚、苯乙基苯酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、苯基酚聚氧乙基醚磷酸酯、萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物、苄基二甲基酚聚氧乙基醚、失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯聚氧乙烯醚、失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种;
所述分散剂可以选用:烷基苯酚磷酸酯钠盐、萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物、甘油脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚、聚氧乙烯烷基芳基醚、木质素磺酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、聚氧乙烯羊毛脂醇、聚氧乙烯山梨聚糖脂肪酸酯中的一种或多种;
所述润湿剂可以选用:顺丁烯二酸二仲辛酯磺酸钠、N-月桂酰基谷氨酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、三苯乙基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚、十二烷基苯磺酸钙、异辛醇琥珀酸酯磺酸钠、月桂酰基肌氨酸钠、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种;
所述粘合剂可以选用:明胶、阿拉伯胶、黄原胶、淀粉、羧甲基纤维素、羧乙基纤维素中的一种或多种;
所述崩解剂可以选用:硫酸钠、硫酸钙、碳酸氢钠、硫酸铵、氯化镁中的一种或多种;
所述增稠剂可以选用:聚乙酸乙烯酯、硅酸镁铝、阿拉伯胶、黄原胶、明胶、聚乙烯醇中的一种或多种;
所述消泡剂可以选用::聚二甲基硅氧烷、磷酸丁酯、磷酸异丁酯、正-辛醇、硅酮等中的一种或多种;
所述防冻剂可以选用:选自乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇等中的一种或多种;
所述稳定剂可以选用:亚磷酸三苯酯、N-大豆油基三亚甲基二胺、二烷基丁二酸酯磺酸盐、环氧氯丙烷、丁基缩水甘油醚等中的一种或多种;
所述防腐剂可以选用:苯甲酸钠、苯甲酸中的一种或两种;
所述填料和/或载体包括固体填料和/或载体和液体填料和/或载体。其中,固体填料和/或载体可以选用:硅藻土、高岭土、凹凸棒土、白炭黑、膨润土、蒙脱石、碳酸钙中的一种或多种。液体填料和/或载体可以选用水、蓖麻油、大豆油、矿物油中的一种或多种。
本发明另一方面涉及一种农用增效剂用于增加杀菌剂渗入植物叶面的用途,其中,所述植物为黄瓜,所述农用增效剂为N-380;所述杀菌剂为吡唑醚菌酯与咪鲜胺的复配物。
所述农用增效剂与所述杀菌剂的重量比为1:1-50,优选1:5-25,更优选1:6-12,例如1:6、1:7、1:8、1:9、1:10、1:11、1:12。
在本发明的混合物中,所述吡唑醚菌酯与咪鲜胺的重量比为1:10-10:1,优选1:4-6:1,例如1:2、1:1、3:2、2:1、4:1、5:1。
本发明另一方面涉及本发明所述的混合物用于防治农业病害的用途。其中,所述病害包括:黄瓜灰霉病(灰葡萄孢(Botrytiscinerea))、黄瓜霜霉病(假霜霉属古巴假霜霉菌(Pseudoperonosporacubensis))、黄瓜白粉病(单丝壳白粉菌(Sphaerotheca fuliginea))、黄瓜炭疽病(葫芦科刺盘孢菌(Colletotrichumorbiculare)),优选黄瓜霜霉病(假霜霉属古巴假霜霉菌(Pseudoperonosporacubensis))、黄瓜白粉病(单丝壳白粉菌(Sphaerotheca fuliginea))。
本发明混合物的施用量(折算成杀菌剂复配物)为例如0.1-1000g ai./ha,优选1-200g ai./ha。
本申请所用的各种原料和/或试剂均为市售的。例如,所述杀菌剂及各种助剂、载体均可以很容易的从市场上购买;所述增效剂N-380也为市售的,例如可以购自诺农北京国际生物技术有限公司等。
除非另有说明,本发明所涉及的“%”均为“重量百分比”。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例来对本发明进行进一步说明,但并不将本发明局限于这些具体实施方式。本领域技术人员应该认识到,本发明涵盖了权利要求书范围内所可能包括的所有备选方案、改进方案和等效方案。
下述实施例所用的N-380购自诺农北京国际生物技术有限公司,且摩尔比Mn14:Mn15:Mn16=1:2:1。
除非另有说明,所涉及的“%”均为“重量百分比”。
(一)制剂制备实施例
制剂例1 水分散粒剂
吡唑醚菌酯15%,咪鲜胺10%,N-380 5%,脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚8%,顺丁烯二酸二仲辛酯磺酸钠3%,硫酸钙4%,明胶3%,高岭土补足至100%。
其制备方法为:将各组分混合均匀,经粉碎、造粒,制得水分散粒剂。
制剂例2 水分散粒剂
吡唑醚菌酯8%,咪鲜胺16%,N-380 2%,聚氧乙烯羊毛脂醇7%,异辛醇琥珀酸酯磺酸钠7%,氯化镁3%,阿拉伯胶5%,蒙脱石补足至100%。
其制备方法为:将各组分混合均匀,经粉碎、造粒,制得水分散粒剂。
制剂例3 水乳剂
吡唑醚菌酯8%,咪鲜胺4%,N-380 2%,丙酮9%,失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯聚氧乙烯醚4%,萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠4%,硅酸镁铝3%,硅酮1%,乙二醇5%,N-大豆油基三亚甲基二胺0.5%,水补足至100%。
其制备方法为:将杀菌剂复配物用溶剂溶解制备成油相,将其他各组分加入水中搅拌均匀制备成水相,然后边搅拌边将油相加入水相,搅拌均匀,制得水乳剂。
制剂例4 水乳剂
吡唑醚菌酯2%,咪鲜胺8%,N-380 1%,丙酮7%,十二烷基硫酸钠3%,脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯5%,阿拉伯胶4%,磷酸丁酯1%,丙二醇4%,亚磷酸三苯酯0.5%,水补足至100%。
其制备方法为:将杀菌剂复配物用溶剂溶解制备成油相,将其他各组分加入水中搅拌均匀制备成水相,然后边搅拌边将油相加入水相,搅拌均匀,制得水乳剂。
制剂例5 悬浮剂
吡唑醚菌酯9%,咪鲜胺9%,N-380 1%,木质素磺酸钠6%,蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚5%,聚乙酸乙烯酯0.8%,丙二醇5%,正-辛醇0.5%,苯甲酸钠0.4%,水补足至100%。
其制备方法为:将各组分与水混合,经高速剪切分散、砂磨机砂磨后,形成高分散、稳定的悬浮体系,制得悬浮剂。
制剂例6 悬浮剂
吡唑醚菌酯10%,咪鲜胺2%,N-380 1.5%,聚氧乙烯羊毛脂醇6%,N-月桂酰基谷氨酸钠3%,阿拉伯胶3%,乙二醇5%,硅酮1%,苯甲酸0.5%,水补足至100%。
其制备方法为:将各组分与水混合,经高速剪切分散、砂磨机砂磨后,形成高分散、稳定的悬浮体系,制得悬浮剂。
制剂例7 可湿性粉剂
吡唑醚菌酯8%,咪鲜胺24%,N-380 2%,烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物9%,十二烷基苯磺酸钙6%,高岭土补足至100%。
其制备方法为:将各组分混合,经研磨、粉碎,制得可湿性粉剂。
制剂例8 可湿性粉剂
吡唑醚菌酯9%,咪鲜胺3%,N-380 1.8%,壬聚氧乙烯山梨聚糖脂肪酸酯5%,异辛醇琥珀酸酯磺酸钠4%,膨润土补足至100%。
其制备方法为:将各组分混合,经研磨、粉碎,制得可湿性粉剂。
对照例1 水乳剂(不添加增效剂)
吡唑醚菌酯8%,咪鲜胺4%,丙酮9%,失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯聚氧乙烯醚4%,萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠4%,硅酸镁铝3%,硅酮1%,乙二醇5%,N-大豆油基三亚甲基二胺0.5%,水补足至100%。
制备方法同上。
对照例2 水乳剂(NF-100替换N-380)
吡唑醚菌酯8%,咪鲜胺4%,NF-100 2%,丙酮9%,失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯聚氧乙烯醚4%,萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠4%,硅酸镁铝3%,硅酮1%,乙二醇5%,N-大豆油基三亚甲基二胺0.5%,水补足至100%。
制备方法同上。
对照例3 水乳剂(渗透剂T替换N-380)
吡唑醚菌酯8%,咪鲜胺4%,渗透剂T 2%,丙酮9%,失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯聚氧乙烯醚4%,萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠4%,硅酸镁铝3%,硅酮1%,乙二醇5%,N-大豆油基三亚甲基二胺0.5%,水补足至100%。
制备方法同上。
(二)叶面渗透性试验
1、黄瓜试验
供试作物:黄瓜
供试药剂和对照药剂:吡唑醚菌酯和咪鲜胺复配物(二者重量比为2:1);己唑醇
供试增效剂和对照助剂:N-380;NF-100(一种糖基改性有机硅助剂)、渗透剂T
试验方法:
分别称取供试药剂,对照药剂、供试增效剂和对照增效剂,用0.5%吐温80配制如表1所述的各种喷洒液处理剂(药剂预先用适量丙酮溶解),各处理中药剂的浓度为300mg/L,增效剂/对照助剂的浓度为50 mg/L,二者比例为6:1。
选取健康、长势一致的黄瓜幼苗,使用喷雾塔对各处理药剂进行喷雾处理,每处理5株幼苗。各处理喷雾量一致,控制为5ml/株。喷雾完成后,将幼苗至于通风处,并开始计时。
5小时后,根据多点采样法分别采取各处理幼苗的中部叶片,用丙酮擦拭叶片表面3次,并用0.5%吐温80水溶液清洗3次,后用吸水纸吸收叶面残余水分,以除去叶片表面药剂。
采用改进的QuEChERS提取法对采样叶片进行提取,具体步骤如下:准确称取除去表面药剂的叶片5g,液氮冷冻、粉碎后放入离心管中,加入10ml乙腈,涡旋均匀2分钟,静置10分钟;然后3000转/分离心10分钟,取上清液,加入含无水硫酸钠和石墨化炭黑的离心管中,涡旋均匀30秒, 3000转/分离心10分钟,滤膜过滤,将上清液浓缩近干,并用2ml乙腈定容,用GC检测样品中的农药含量。每处理3次重复。结果见下表1。
表1 各处理药剂的渗透量
上述结果不难看出,增效剂N-380能够明显增加吡唑醚菌酯和咪鲜胺复配物渗入黄瓜叶片的量,其渗透量远远大于NF-100和渗透剂T。但是,增效剂N-380对对照药剂己唑醇的渗透效果与添加NF-100、渗透剂T时相比,未观察到明显差异。
2、玉米试验
供试作物:玉米
其余试验方法同黄瓜试验。结果见下表2。
表2 各处理药剂的渗透量
上述结果不难看出,对于玉米作物,未观察到增效剂N-380相较于对照助剂NF-100、渗透剂T,对试验药剂吡唑醚菌酯和咪鲜胺复配物,以及对照药剂己唑醇改进的叶面渗透量,也即N-380未能增加药物向玉米叶片内的渗透。
(三)田间试验
测定本发明药剂对黄瓜病害的防治效果。试验药剂为本发明制剂实施例1-8药剂,对照药剂为对照例1-3药剂。试验药剂、对照药剂和空白对照的小区处理采用随机区组排列,小区面积50平方米,4次重复。施药处理7天后采用随机五点取样法进行调查,结果见下表3。
表3田间防治效果
田间防治结果不难看出,本发明药剂相较于对照药剂,防效明显增加。
上述实例仅仅是对本发明的进一步解释,并不是对本发明的限定,通过将上述方案进行简单的调整进而得到的方案,同样在本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
3.权利要求1所述的混合物用于防治黄瓜霜霉病和黄瓜白粉病害的应用。
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