CN107304192B - 一类puma抑制剂及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
一类puma抑制剂及其制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107304192B CN107304192B CN201610242882.1A CN201610242882A CN107304192B CN 107304192 B CN107304192 B CN 107304192B CN 201610242882 A CN201610242882 A CN 201610242882A CN 107304192 B CN107304192 B CN 107304192B
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- puma
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- inhibitor
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- C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
- C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D417/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及医药技术领域,具体涉及一类PUMA抑制剂及其制备方法和用途。所述PUMA抑制剂为下述式Ⅰ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。其中,各取代基的定义如说明书中所述。本发明的式Ⅰ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐能够靶向PUMA蛋白,具有良好的理化性质、很好的抗细胞凋亡和辐射防护作用,可以选择性地抑制PUMA蛋白与Bcl‑2类抗凋亡蛋白之间的竞争性结合作用,阻断细胞凋亡,对骨髓型损伤产生有效地防护作用。本发明为PUMA蛋白的小分子抑制剂在辐射防护药物中的应用提供了新颖的思路和有力的证据,有望成为高效低毒稳定的临床辐射防护药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药技术领域,具体涉及一类PUMA抑制剂及其制备方法和用途。
背景技术
高速发展的核辐射技术,已被普遍应用于经济、军事的多个领域,如医学诊疗、核能发电、辐射育种、恐怖活动、核战争等。这些核能的广泛应用造成了越来越多的人会暴露于高能量电离辐射中。辐射可对机体造成严重的损害,如造血干细胞损伤、器官病变、辐射诱变和辐射致癌等。
骨髓型损伤是辐射损伤中最基础、最常见的损伤类型。第一时间中断此类损伤是绝大多数急性辐射防护的首要措施。从辐射损伤的机理出发,确定药物靶标、开发靶向特异性防护药物是急性辐射损伤防护研究最有效的策略。
骨髓型辐射损伤是干细胞等发生凋亡而直接引起的。Bcl-2家族,无论在细胞内源性和外源性凋亡途径中,都发挥着重要作用。PUMA作为Bcl-2家族中只有BH3同源结构域的促凋亡蛋白,优先于其他任何一个促凋亡成员,与所有五种抗凋亡蛋白(Bcl-2,Bcl-xl,Mcl,A1,Bcl-x)发生竞争性结合,在p53依赖和非依赖的凋亡中都发挥非常重要的作用,能导致Bak、Bax等多聚化,从而改变线粒体膜通透性,释放半胱天冬酶caspase,全面引发细胞凋亡。而且,PUMA的蛋白晶体结构明确,其关键结合位点的BH3区域包含9个碱基对。PUMA作为一种竞争有力、功能强大、结构清晰的促凋亡蛋白,是辐射防护剂设计的理想靶标。抑制PUMA与抗凋亡蛋白的结合,是辐射防护研究的前沿领域。
以PUMA蛋白为靶点的辐射损伤药物是世界范围内的创新领域,文献鲜有报道。因此本发明涉及新型靶向PUMA蛋白的小分子抑制剂,以期获得高效、低毒、稳定的急性辐射损伤防护药物。
发明内容
鉴于PUMA小分子抑制剂这一国内空白、国际领先的研究领域,本发明提出一类靶向PUMA蛋白的小分子抑制剂,其可用于辐射防护药物。此外,还可能用于治疗与凋亡相关的疾病,如心肌缺血、缺血再灌注损伤、心力衰竭、阿兹海默症等神经退行性疾病、艾滋病等病毒感染。
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供下述式Ⅰ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
本发明的另一目的是提供下述式Ⅰ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的制备方法。
本发明的又一目的是提供下述式Ⅰ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备药物中的用途。
本发明提供的式Ⅰ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,
其中:
A为C5~C10芳基、或者含有1~3个选自N、O和S中的杂原子的5~10元杂芳基;
具体地,A可以为:
优选地,A为C5~C6芳基、或者含有1~2个选自N、O和S中的杂原子的5~6元杂芳基;
更优选地,A为苯基或哒嗪基。
式Ⅰ化合物在与PUMA蛋白结合时,A与PUMA蛋白关键氨基酸作用时发挥疏水键的作用。
E为含有0~2个选自N、O和S中的杂原子的5~6元饱和或不饱和脂肪环、-C3~C6烷基-、-NH-C1~C3烷基-、-O-C1~C3烷基-、-C1~C3烷基-NH-C1~C3烷基-、-C1~C3烷基-O-C1~C3烷基-、-NH-C1~C3烷基-NH-、-O-C1~C3烷基-O-;
具体地,E可以为:
优选地,E为含有0~2个选自N、O和S中的杂原子的5~6元饱和脂肪环;
更优选地,E为哌嗪基或者哌啶基。
式Ⅰ化合物在与PUMA蛋白结合时,E与PUMA蛋白关键氨基酸作用时为氢键受体。
Y为O、S、NH或CH2;优选地,Y为O。
R1为H、C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基、卤素(氟、氯、溴、碘)、-OH、-NH2、R3为H、C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基、卤素(氟、氯、溴、碘)、-OH、-NH2;
具体地,R1可以为:H、C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基、卤素(氟、氯、溴、碘)、-OH、-NH2、
R2为H、-OH、-NH2、-SH、-COOH、-CONH2、-SO2NH2、-SO3H、-CH(OH)-CH2-OH。
式Ⅰ化合物在与PUMA蛋白结合时,R2与PUMA蛋白关键氨基酸作用时为氢键供体。
n为1~5的整数;具体地,n可以为1、2、3、4或5。
所述“芳基”指的是不含有杂原子的芳香性基团;
所述“杂芳基”指的是含有杂原子的芳香性基团;
所述“杂环基”指的是含有杂原子的非芳香性基团;
所述“烷基”包括直链或支链烷基。
本发明的上述描述中,A、E、Y、R1、R2和n中的任一个的一般、具体、优选、更优选范围可以和其他任一个的一般、具体、优选、更优选范围进行任意的组合。
优选地,式Ⅰ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐为下述式Ⅱ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
其中,A、E、R1、R2和n的定义如上。
在一个实施方案中,式Ⅰ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或者式Ⅱ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐为以下化合物1~12或其药学上可接受的盐:
在一个实施方案中,式Ⅰ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或者式Ⅱ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐为以下化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
本发明提供式Ⅰ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
在容器中加入化合物21、醇(例如,甲醇)和酸(例如,冰醋酸),在N2保护下,加入化合物22和化合物23,油浴回流,反应完成后冰浴析出固体,抽滤,洗涤,硅胶柱层析纯化,即得;
其中,A、E、R1、R2、R3和n的定义如上。
本发明提供式Ⅰ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备PUMA抑制剂的药物中的用途。
本发明提供式Ⅰ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备辐射防护、抗细胞凋亡的药物中的用途。
本发明提供式Ⅰ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备治疗辐射引起骨髓型损伤、心肌缺血、缺血再灌注损伤、心力衰竭、阿兹海默症、艾滋病的药物中的用途。
本发明提供式Ⅰ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备抗细胞凋亡药物中的用途。
此外,本发明提供一种药物组合物,其含有式Ⅰ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,以及药学上可接受的辅料。
本发明的式Ⅰ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐能够靶向PUMA蛋白,具有良好的理化性质、很好的抗细胞凋亡和辐射防护作用,可以选择性地抑制PUMA蛋白与Bcl-2类抗凋亡蛋白之间的竞争性结合作用,阻断细胞凋亡,对骨髓型损伤产生有效地防护作用。本发明为PUMA蛋白的小分子抑制剂在辐射防护药物中的应用提供了新颖的思路和有力的证据,有望成为高效低毒稳定的临床辐射防护药物。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明进行说明,但本发明并不局限于此。下述实施例中所述试验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法,所述试剂和材料,均为市售产品。
制备实施例1
在三颈瓶中加入绕丹宁2.0g(15mmol),无水甲醇20mL,冰醋酸0.1mL,在N2保护下,加入羟乙基哌嗪2.9g(22.6mmol)和苯甲醛22.6mmol,油浴回流,得淡黄色澄清反应液,及时TLC监测反应,1-2h后反应完成,冰浴析出黄色固体,抽滤,甲醇滤洗,粗品用硅胶柱层析纯化(DCM:MeOH 10:1),得到纯品化合物1,产率为35-55%。
黄色固体,产率46%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.83(s,1H),δ=7.56(d,2H),δ=7.47(m,2H),δ=7.41(t,1H),δ=4.1(t,2H),δ=3.69(m,4H),δ=2.72(t,2H),δ=2.66(m,4H)。13CNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)180.84,175.22,134.16,131.94,129.78,129.74,129.03,127.88,59.26,58.05,52.53,52.11,48.68,48.34,HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C16H19N3O2S:317.1[M+H]+,found 317.4[M+H]+.
制备实施例2
除了使用对苯基苯甲醛替代苯甲醛之外,采用与制备实施例1中相似的方法制备化合物2。
淡黄色固体,产率=52.9%,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.87(s,1H),δ=7.69(d,2H),δ=7.63(m,4H),δ=7.48(t,2H),δ=7.42(t,1H),δ=5.32(s,1H),δ=4.1(t,2H),δ=3.71(m,4H),δ=2.73(t,2H),δ=2.68(m,4H)HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C22H23N3O2S 394.2[M+H]+,found 394.2[M+H]+.
制备实施例3
除了使用对甲基苯甲醛替代苯甲醛之外,采用与制备实施例1中相似的方法制备化合物3。
淡黄色固体,产率=49.1%,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.81(s,1H),δ=7.43(d,2H),δ=7.27(t,3H),δ=4.12(t,2H),δ=3.70(m,4H),δ=2.73(t,2H),δ=2.68(m,4H),δ=2.40(s,3H)HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C17H21N3O2S 331.4[M+H]+,found 331.8[M+H]+.
制备实施例4
除了使用对甲氧基苯甲醛替代苯甲醛之外,采用与制备实施例1中相似的方法制备化合物4。
淡黄色固体,产率=47.6%,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.78(s,1H),δ=7.49(d,2H),δ=6.98(d,2H),δ=4.10(t,2H),δ=3.86(s,3H),δ=3.69(m,4H),δ=2.71(t,2H),δ=2.69(m,4H)。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C17H21N3O3S 347.4[M+H]+,found 347.7[M+H]+.
制备实施例5
除了使用对氯苯甲醛替代苯甲醛之外,采用与制备实施例1中相似的方法制备化合物5。
淡绿色固体,产率=37.2%,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.75(s,1H),δ=7.43(dd,4H),δ=4.11(t,2H),δ=3.69(m,4H),δ=2.72(t,2H),δ=2.67(m,4H)。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C16H18ClN3O2S 351.8[M+H]+,found 352.1[M+H]+.
制备实施例6
在三颈瓶中加入绕丹宁2.0g(15mmol),无水甲醇20mL,冰醋酸0.1mL,在N2保护下,加入羟乙基哌嗪2.9g(22.6mmol)和3-哒嗪甲醛22.6mmol,油浴回流,得灰黄色澄清反应液,及时TLC监测反应,4h后反应完成,冰浴析出固体,抽滤,乙醇滤洗,粗品用硅胶柱层析纯化(DCM:MeOH 10:2),得到纯品化合物6。
黄色固体,产率37.1%,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.89(d,1H),δ=7.55(d,1H),δ=7.44(d,1H),δ=7.39(s,1H),δ=4.20(br,1H),δ=4.04(t,2H),δ=3.61(m,4H),δ=3.12(t,2H),δ=2.56(m,4H)13CNMR(400MHz,,CDCl3)170.28,169.24,154.79,134.96,132.94,130.27,128.31,129.03,58.94,57.93,54.72,52.48,48.77,48.39,HRMS(ESI)calcd.forC15H18N4O2S:318.1[M+H]+,found 318.8[M+H]+.
制备实施例7
除了使用6-氯-3-哒嗪甲醛替代3-哒嗪甲醛之外,采用与制备实施例6中相似的方法制备化合物7。
黄色固体,产率=22.9%,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.58(d,1H),δ=7.35(d,1H),δ=7.31(s,1H),δ=4.62(br,1H),δ=4.31(t,2H),δ=3.65(m,4H),δ=3.21(t,2H),δ=2.55(m,4H)13C NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):170.61,169.28,155.43,134.96,132.94,129.71,128.79,129.43,59.36,57.95,54.73,52.71,48.49,48.04;HRMS(ESI)calcd.forC15H17ClN4O2S:352.1[M+H]+,found 352.7[M+H]+.
制备实施例8
在三颈瓶中加入绕丹宁2.0g(15mmol),无水甲醇20mL,冰醋酸0.1mL,在N2保护下,加入羟乙基哌啶2.9g(22.6mmol),苯甲醛22.6mmol,油浴回流,得灰黄色澄清反应液,及时TLC监测反应,2h后反应完成,冰浴析出土黄色固体,抽滤,乙醇滤洗,粗品用硅胶柱层析纯化(DCM:MeOH 10:1),得到纯品化合物8。
黄色固体,产率46%,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.79(s,1H),δ=7.48(d,2H),δ=7.45(m,2H),δ=7.36(t,1H),δ=4.16(t,2H),δ=3.79(m,4H),δ=2.95(m,1H),δ=2.68(t,2H),δ=2.60(m,4H)HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C17H20N2O2S:316.1[M+H]+,found 316.7[M+H]+.
制备实施例9
除了使用对苯基苯甲醛替代苯甲醛之外,采用与制备实施例8中相似的方法制备化合物9。
淡黄色固体,产率=52.9%,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.90(s,1H),δ=7.63(d,2H),δ=7.57(m,4H),δ=7.38(t,2H),δ=7.30(t,1H),δ=5.54(s,1H),δ=4.27(t,2H),δ=3.63(m,4H),δ=2.88(m,1H),δ=2.69(t,2H),δ=2.17(m,4H)HRMS(ESI)calcd.forC23H24N2O2S 392.2[M+H]+,found 392.5[M+H]+.
制备实施例10
除了使用对甲基苯甲醛替代苯甲醛之外,采用与制备实施例8中相似的方法制备化合物10。
淡黄色固体,产率=49.1%,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.54(s,1H),δ=7.28(d,2H),δ=7.18(t,3H),δ=4.02(t,2H),δ=3.55(m,4H),δ=3.07(m,1H),δ=2.69(t,2H),δ=2.44(m,4H),δ=2.15(s,3H)HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C18H22N2O2S 330.1[M+H]+,found 330.5[M+H]+.
制备实施例11
除了使用对甲氧基苯甲醛替代苯甲醛之外,采用与制备实施例8中相似的方法制备化合物11。
淡黄色固体,产率=47.6%,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.87(s,1H),δ=7.56(d,2H),δ=6.91(d,2H),δ=4.05(t,2H),δ=3.66(s,3H),δ=3.52(m,4H),δ=3.01(m,1H),δ=2.69(t,2H),δ=2.44(m,4H)。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C18H22N2O3S 347.1[M+H]+,found 347.7[M+H]+.
制备实施例12
除了使用对氯苯甲醛替代苯甲醛之外,采用与制备实施例8中相似的方法制备化合物12。
淡绿色固体,产率=37.2%,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.55(s,1H),δ=7.41(dd,4H),δ=4.87(t,2H),δ=3.98(m,4H),δ=2.65(m,1H),δ=2.27(t,2H),δ=2.05(m,4H)HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C17H19ClN2O2S 351.1[M+H]+,found351.6[M+H]+.
实验实施例1化合物1~12对Mcl-1的活性抑制试验
本实验通过荧光竞争结合实验的方法检测本发明化合物对Mcl-1的亲和力,用本发明化合物竞争荧光多肽FITC-Mcl-1-BH3与Mcl-1蛋白的结合。当Mcl-1与荧光多肽结合会使荧光基团所产生的偏振光增加,而加入的本发明化合物如果能与Mcl-1结合,则会竞争荧光多肽与蛋白结合,从而使得偏振值降低,当偏振值下降到50%时所加的化合物的浓度即为该化合物对Mcl-1的IC50。
将重组Mcl-1溶解到20mM Tris缓冲液(pH7.5,含50mM NaCl,3mM DTT和2%DMSO)中,使其终浓度为250nM,再加入终浓度250nM的FITC-Mcl-1-BH3作为探针,混合均匀后,在测荧光用的Nunc 96孔板中用1mM MPI-L-008的DMSO溶液滴定(浓度从零开始递增)。在450nm的激发光下,用酶标仪记录520nm左右处的发射荧光波峰值。根据荧光强度变化计算出各化合物在不同浓度的抑制率,再根据抑制率与Log[抑制剂]的关系,计算得IC50值,结果如表1所示:
表1化合物1~12对Mcl-1的活性抑制的IC50
化合物 | IC<sub>50</sub> | 化合物 | IC<sub>50</sub> |
1 | 294.8nM | 7 | 245.8nM |
2 | 376.8nM | 8 | 589.4nM |
3 | 400.9nM | 9 | 5.68μM |
4 | 160.7nM | 10 | 4.77μM |
5 | 89.7nM | 11 | 52.14μM |
6 | 1.47μM | 12 | 368.9nM |
实验实施例2化合物1~12对pAd-PUMA感染DLD-1细胞的凋亡活性实验
荧光竞争结合实验表明,本发明化合物在体外对Mcl-1有较高的亲和力。本实验进一步验证本发明化合物对pAd-PUMA感染的DLD-1细胞的凋亡活性,使用Caspase-Glo 3/7方法检测。DLD-1细胞在CO2孵箱中以37℃、5%CO2的条件培养,使细胞密度维持在20%左右,培养24h后用pAd-PUMA感染。病毒的MOI为10,用量为0.01μl。感染24h后,将MPI-L-008配制成10mM的DMSO溶液,按预设定浓度添加本发明化合物。继续培养24h后,加入25μl的Caspase-Glo 3/7试剂,300~500rpm下旋转30s以混匀培养板内试剂。同条件下继续培养2h,使用化学发光法进行检测。通过本发明化合物1~12对pAd-PUMA感染的DLD-1细胞的凋亡抑制作用实验,获得IC50值,结果如表2所示。
表2化合物1~12对pAd-PUMA感染DLD-1细胞的凋亡抑制活性IC50
化合物 | IC<sub>50</sub> | 化合物 | IC<sub>50</sub> |
1 | 57.42μM | 7 | 37.89μM |
2 | 38.93μM | 8 | 158.6μM |
3 | 25.98μM | 9 | 11.7mM |
4 | 43.89μM | 10 | 7.14mM |
5 | 12.87μM | 11 | 2.97mM |
6 | 1.89mM | 12 | 387.4μM |
以上的PUMA过表达细胞实验及酶水平亲和力活性研究说明,本发明化合物具有强大的靶向PUMA蛋白的抗细胞凋亡作用,揭示可以将其应用于对PUMA蛋白相关的细胞过度凋亡,如高能量射线辐射引起的骨髓损伤,还可能应用于凋亡相关的疾病,如心肌缺血、缺血再灌注损伤、心力衰竭、阿兹海默症等神经退行性疾病、艾滋病等病毒感染。
Claims (5)
4.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的式Ⅱ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐作为PUMA抑制剂在制备辐射防护、抗细胞凋亡的药物中的用途。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的式Ⅱ化合物或其药学上可接受的盐作为PUMA抑制剂在制备治疗辐射引起骨髓型损伤、心肌缺血、缺血再灌注损伤、心力衰竭、阿兹海默症、艾滋病的药物中的用途。
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