CN107294142A - 用于向船舶供应电能的电力系统 - Google Patents

用于向船舶供应电能的电力系统 Download PDF

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CN107294142A
CN107294142A CN201710264233.6A CN201710264233A CN107294142A CN 107294142 A CN107294142 A CN 107294142A CN 201710264233 A CN201710264233 A CN 201710264233A CN 107294142 A CN107294142 A CN 107294142A
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ship
power system
voltage
controllable
voltages
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基莫·劳玛
泰罗·耶尔韦莱宁
海基·贝格曼
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Danfoss Editron Oy
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Visedo Oy
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Priority to CN202310908634.6A priority Critical patent/CN117060514A/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J5/00—Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
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    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
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    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H02J1/102—Parallel operation of dc sources being switching converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
    • H02J13/00017—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus using optical fiber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00028—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment involving the use of Internet protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J4/00—Circuit arrangements for mains or distribution networks not specified as ac or dc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
    • B60L2240/527—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B63J3/04—Driving of auxiliaries from power plant other than propulsion power plant
    • B63J2003/043—Driving of auxiliaries from power plant other than propulsion power plant using shore connectors for electric power supply from shore-borne mains, or other electric energy sources external to the vessel, e.g. for docked, or moored vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/42—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ships or vessels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种用于向船舶供应电能的电力系统。该电力系统包括用于从岸侧交流电压网络(137)接收电能并且用于产生一个或多个直流电压的一个或多个岸侧转换器(101‑112)。每个岸侧转换器可以是可控转换器，用于根据从所述船舶接收的控制信号来控制所产生的直流电压以适合于所述船舶，或者船舶可以包括直流电压转换器，用于将从岸侧接收的直流电压转换为适合于所述船舶。所述船舶可以是电动船舶，其包括用于向所述船舶的推进系统(135)供应电能的可充电电池(132)。

Description

用于向船舶供应电能的电力系统
技术领域
本公开涉及一种用于从岸侧向船舶供应电能的电力系统。此外，本公开涉及一种船舶，其可以是例如但不必一定是轮船、小艇或渡船。
背景技术
在许多情况下，当船舶处于泊位时，需要从岸侧向船舶供应电能。船舶可以是例如包括可充电电池系统和由可充电电池系统激励的电推进系统的电动船舶。还有可能的是，船舶是常规的内燃机船舶，并且当船舶处于泊位时，船舶连接到岸侧的交流电压网络，而不是使用船舶的辅助发电机来产生所需的电力。
由于船舶可以使用与岸侧交流电压网络不同的频率和/或电压等级，所以并不总是能够将岸侧交流电压网络连接到船舶的船上交流电压网络。例如，在欧洲使用50Hz的频率，而在北美使用60Hz的频率。在上述交流电压网络可以彼此连接的情况下，由于在交流电压网络之间所需的同步和相序检查，停泊时间可以相对较长。
公开文献WO2007060189描述了将岸侧交流电压网络连接到船舶的已知解决方案。在该解决方案中，变换器转换器安装在船上。船载变换器转换器通过电缆连接到岸侧交流电压网络。船载变换器转换器通常是用于将从岸侧接收的交流电压转换为具有适合于船舶的交流电压网络的电压等级和频率的交流电压的变频器频率转换器，其具有电压等级和频率适合于船舶的交流电压网络的交流电压。还可能的是，船载变换器转换器是整流器，其用于将从岸侧接收的交流电压转换成电压等级适合于船舶的直流电压，例如，用于对船舶的电池充电。与该方法相关的潜在挑战是船载变换器转换器的输入电压范围可能不足以用于不同港口使用的电压等级。特别是当船舶航行在世界各地时，可能发生这种情况。
发明内容
下面给出简要概述，以便提供对各种发明实施例的一些方面的基本理解。该概述不是本发明的详细概述。其既不旨在标识本发明的关键或重要元素，也不旨在描绘本发明的范围。以下概述仅以简化形式呈现了本发明的一些概念，作为本发明的示例性实施例的更详细描述的前序。
根据本发明，提供了一种用于从岸侧向船舶供应一个或多个直流电压的新的电力系统，该船舶可以是例如轮船、小艇或渡船。
根据本发明的电力系统包括：
-一个或多个可控转换器，用于从岸侧交流电压网络接收电能并用于产生一个或多个直流电压，
-电连接器，用于连接到船舶的电路，
-一个或多个直流电压链路，用于将所述一个或多个直流电压从所述一个或多个可控转换器传输给所述电连接器，和
-控制系统，用于从所述船舶接收控制信号，并且用于根据接收的控制信号控制所述一个或多个可控转换器，以便控制所述一个或多个直流电压适用于所述船舶。
根据本发明，还提供了一种新的船舶，其包括：
-用于从上述电力系统接收上述一个或多个直流电压的电连接器，和
-发送器，用于向上述电力系统发送上述控制信号，以便使电力系统能够控制一个或多个直流电压以适合于船舶。
从船舶传送到电力系统的控制信号使得电力系统能够根据船舶的需要适应自身。控制信号可以是借助于例如无线电链路、电信号电缆、或光纤从船舶传输到电力系统的模拟或数字信号。在控制信号是数字信号的示例性情况下，控制信号的传输可以根据一个或多个数字数据传输协议来实现，例如互联网协议“IP”、以太网协议、异步传输模式“ATM”协议、和/或多协议标签交换“MPLS”。例如，在港口包括许多上述类型的电力系统并且存在许多船舶同时从电力系统接收电能的情况下，物联网“IoT”技术可以用于布置控制信号的传输和可能的其它数据传输。
根据本发明，还提供了一种新的船舶，其包括：
-用于从岸侧的电力系统接收一个或多个直流电压的电连接器，
-一个或多个可控直流电压转换器，和
-控制系统，用于控制所述一个或多个可控直流电压转换器以将所述一个或多个直流电压转换成适于所述船舶的一个或多个直流电压。
每个可控直流电压转换器，即可控DC-DC转换器，可以是例如降压和/或升压转换器。在许多情况下，可控DC-DC转换器可以被布置成比用于将交流电压转换成可控直流电压的可控整流器的情况更成本有效地支持宽输入电压范围。
根据本发明的示例性和非限制性实施例的船舶包括用于从船舶的电连接器接收充电能量并且用于向船舶的推进系统供应电能的可充电电池系统。
本发明的多个示例性和非限制性实施例在下文中进行描述。
本发明的各种示例性和非限制性实施例，既用于相关的结构也用于相关的操作方法，连同其其它目标和优点将在结合附图阅读时从具体的示例性和非限制性实施例中得到最好的理解。
本文中使用的动词“包括”和“包含”是开放的限制，既不排除也不要求存在未记载的特征。除非另有明确说明，否则所述的特征是可相互自由组合的。此外，应当理解，“一”或“一个”、即单数形式的使用，在整个本文中不排除复数。
附图说明
下面在示例的意义上并参考附图更详细地解释本发明的示例性和非限制性实施例及其优点，其中：
图1示出了根据本发明的示例性且非限制性实施例的电力系统和根据本发明的示例性且非限制性实施例的船舶的示意图，以及
图2示出了根据本发明的示例性且非限制性实施例的船舶的示意图。
具体实施方式
在下面给出的描述中提供的具体示例不应被视为限制所附权利要求的范围和/或适用性。除非另有明确说明，否则在下面给出的描述中提供的列表和示例组不是排他性的。
图1示出了根据本发明的示例性且非限制性实施例的电力系统的示意图。此外，图1示出了根据本发明的示例性且非限制性实施例的船舶126的示意图。船舶126可以是例如轮船、小艇或渡船。电力系统位于岸侧，并且电力系统被布置为向船舶126供应电能。电力系统包括可控转换器101、102、103、104、109、110、111和112。可控转换器101、102、103和104被布置为从岸侧交流电压网络137接收电能并产生直流电压VDC1。相应地，可控转换器109，110，111和112被布置为从岸侧交流电压网络137接收电能并产生直流电压VDC2。电力系统包括用于连接到船舶126的电路系统的电连接器。在图1中，电力系统的电连接器中的一个用附图标记105表示。电力系统包括用于将直流电压VDC1和VDC2从可控转换器101-104和109-112传输到上述电连接器的直流电压链路106和107。直流电压链路106和107可以包括例如可弯曲电缆。电力系统包括控制系统108，用于接收来自船舶126的控制信号，并且用于根据接收到的控制信号控制可控转换器101-104和109-112，以便控制直流电压VDC1和VDC2适合于船舶126。在图1所示的示例性情况中，存在两组可控转换器，使得每组包括四个可控转换器。然而，本领域技术人员清楚的是，许多不同的系统架构是可能的，例如，可以只有一组或多于两组，并且每组可以包括一个或多个转换器装置。具有单个组件的“组”在此被理解为组的特殊情况。此外，不同组具有不同数量转换器装置是可能的。在每种情况下，系统架构可以取决于几个因素，例如，充电功率需求、岸侧交流电压网络，、与成本效率相关的因素等。
船舶126包括用于从上述直流电压链路106和107接收上述直流电压VDC1和VDC2的电连接器。在图1中，船舶126的电连接器中的一个用附图标记127表示。船舶126包括发送器128，用于向上述电力系统发送上述控制信号以使电力系统能够控制直流电压VDC1和VDC2适合于船舶126。在该示例性情况中，船舶126是包括可充电电池系统132的电动船舶，其中该可充电电池系统用于从船舶的电连接器接收充电能量并且用于向船舶的推进系统135供应电能。船舶126包括控制系统131，用于根据例如可充电电池系统132的充电状态和/或根据例如一个或多个预定控制参数的其它信息来确定上述控制信号。控制参数可以指示例如船舶126的直流电压链路138的直流电压VDC的参考值。在图1所示的示例性情况中，船舶包括在直流电压链路138和可充电电池系统132之间的直流电压转换器133。有利的是，直流电压转换器133是可控的，使得即使可充电电池系统132的电压改变，直流电压链路138的直流电压VDC也可以保持基本恒定。此外，船舶126可以包括用于将直流电压链路138的直流电压VDC转换成适合于船舶的交流电压系统134的一个或多个交流电压的逆变器136。
在图1所示的示例性情况中，上述控制信号借助于无线电链路从船舶126传输到岸侧的电力系统。在该示例性情况中，船舶126的发送器128包括无线电发送器，并且在岸侧的控制系统108包括无线电接收器。然而，也可能是，控制信号借助于电信号电缆或光纤从船舶126传输到岸侧的电力系统。控制信号可以是模拟信号，并且控制系统108可以被配置为响应于控制信号的电平、频率、相位和/或其它属性。也可能是，控制信号是数字信号。在控制信号是数字信号的示例性情况中，船舶的发送器128包括调制器，并且控制系统108的接收器包括相应的解调器，以便能够将数字控制信号从船舶126传输到岸侧的电力系统。
在根据本发明的示例性且非限制性实施例的电力系统中，控制系统108包括通信协议处理器125，用于根据一个或多个数字数据传输协议来控制控制信号的接收。相应地，船舶126的发送器128包括用于根据一个或多个数字数据传输协议来控制控制信号的传输的通信协议处理器129。一个或多个数字数据传输协议可以包括例如互联网协议“IP”、以太网协议、异步传输模式“ATM”协议、和/或多协议标签交换“MPLS”。
图1所示的示例性电力系统包括电容性能量储存器113和114。电容性能量储存器113连接到可控转换器101-104的直流电压端子，并且电容性能量储存器114连接到可控转换器109-112的直流电压端子。电容性能量储存器113和114中的每一个可以包括例如一个或多个双电层电容器“EDLC”，其也可以称为“超级电容器”。
在图1所示的示例性电力系统中，直流电压链路106包括过电流保护器115，并且直流电压链路107包括过电流保护器116。每个过电流保护器可以是例如保险丝或过流保护继电器或另一个保护断路器。
图1中所示的示例性电力系统包括用于将可控转换器101-104连接到岸侧交流电压网络137的变压器117以及用于将可控转换器109-112连接到岸侧交流电压网络137的另一变压器118。每个变压器包括用于连接到岸侧交流电压网络137的三相初级绕组、和四个三相次级绕组，每个三相次级绕组连接到相应的一个可控转换器。在图1中，变压器117的三相初级绕组由附图标记119表示，并且变压器117的三相次级绕组中的两个由附图标记120和121表示。
图1所示的示例性电力系统包括供应断路器122、123和124，用于中断从岸侧交流电压网络137到可控转换器101-104和/或可控转换器109-112的电力供应。供应断路器可以例如由控制系统108控制，使得响应于可控转换器101-104和/或109-112中的故障情况中断从岸侧交流电压网络137到可控转换器101-104和/或109-112的电力供应。
图2示出了根据本发明的示例性且非限制性实施例的船舶226的示意图。船舶226包括用于从岸侧电力系统接收直流电压VDC1和VDC2的电连接器。在图2中，电连接器中的一个用附图标记227表示。船舶226包括可控直流电压转换器239和240以及用于控制直流电压转换器239和240的控制系统231，使得所接收的直流电压VDC1和VDC2被转换为适合于船舶226。直流电压转换器239和240中的每一个可以是例如降压和/或升压转换器。通常，降压和/或升压转换器可以被布置为比具有用于将交流电压转换为可控直流电压的可控整流器的情形更成本有效地支持宽输入电压范围。
船舶226是电动船舶，其包括用于从船舶的电连接器接收充电能量并且用于向船舶的推进系统235供应电能的可充电电池系统232。控制系统231可以被配置为根据例如电池系统232的充电状态和/或根据例如一个或多个预定控制参数的其它信息来控制直流电压转换器239和240。控制参数可以指示例如船舶226的直流电压链路238的直流电压VDC的参考值。在图2所示的示例性情况中，船舶包括直流电压链路238和可充电电池系统232之间的直流电压转换器233。有利的是，直流电压转换器233是可控的，使得即使可充电电池系统232的电压改变，直流电压链路238的直流电压VDC也可保持基本恒定。
上述控制系统131、108和231中的每一个可以由一个或多个处理器电路实现，每个处理器电路可以是设置有适当软件的可编程处理器电路、专用硬件处理器(例如专用集成电路“ASIC”)、或可配置的硬件处理器(例如现场可编程门阵列“FPGA”)。此外，上述控制系统中的每一个可以包括一个或多个存储器电路，例如随机存取存储“RAM”电路。
在上面给出的描述中提供的具体示例不应被视为限制所附权利要求的适用性和/或解释。除非以其它方式明确说明，在上面给出的描述中提供的示例的列表和组不是穷尽的。

Claims (16)

1.一种用于从岸侧向船舶供应一个或多个直流电压的电力系统，所述电力系统包括：
-一个或多个可控转换器(101-112)，所述一个或多个可控转换器用于从岸侧交流电压网络接收电能并用于产生所述一个或多个直流电压，
-电连接器(105)，所述电连接器用于连接到所述船舶的电路系统，以及
-一个或多个直流电压链路(106，107)，所述一个或多个直流电压链路用于将所述一个或多个直流电压从所述一个或多个可控转换器传输到所述电连接器，
其特征在于，所述电力系统还包括控制系统(108)，所述控制系统用于从所述船舶接收控制信号并且用于根据所接收的控制信号来控制所述一个或多个可控转换器，以便将所述一个或多个直流电压控制为适合于所述船舶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电力系统，其中，所述电力系统还包括连接到所述一个或多个可控转换器的直流电压端子的一个或多个电容性能量储存器(113，114)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电力系统，其中，所述一个或多个电容性能量储存器中的每一个包括一个或多个双电层电容器。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电力系统，其中，所述一个或多个直流电压链路中的每一个包括一个或多个过流保护器(115，116)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的电力系统，其中，所述过流保护器中的至少一个是保险丝。
6.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电力系统，其中，所述电力系统还包括用于将所述一个或多个可控转换器连接到所述岸侧交流电压网络的至少一个变压器(117，118)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的电力系统，其中，所述变压器包括用于连接到所述岸侧交流电压网络的初级绕组(119)、以及每个被连接到所述可控转换器中的相应的一个的次级绕组(120，121)。
8.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电力系统，其中，所述电力系统还包括一个或多个供应断路器(122-124)，所述供应断路器用于断开从所述岸侧交流电压网络到所述一个或多个可控转换器的电能供应。
9.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电力系统，其中，所述控制系统(108)包括用于根据一个或多个数字数据传输协议来控制所述控制信号的接收的通信协议处理器(125)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的电力系统，其中，所述一个或多个数字数据传输协议包括以下各项中的至少一个：互联网协议，以太网协议，异步传输模式协议，多协议标签交换。
11.一种船舶(126)，所述船舶包括用于从岸侧电力系统接收一个或多个直流电压的电连接器(127)，其特征在于，所述船舶包括发送器(128)，所述发送器用于向所述岸侧电力系统发送控制信号，所述控制信号使得所述岸侧电力系统能够控制所述一个或多个直流电压以适合于所述船舶。
12.根据权利要求11所述的船舶，其中，所述发送器包括用于根据一个或多个数字数据传输协议来控制所述控制信号的发送的通信协议处理器(129)。
13.根据权利要求12所述的船舶，其中，所述一个或多个数字数据传输协议包括以下各项中的至少一个：互联网协议，以太网协议，异步传输模式协议，多协议标签交换。
14.根据权利要求11-13中任一项所述的船舶(126)，其中，所述船舶包括用于从所述船舶的所述电连接器(127)接收充电能量并用于向所述船舶的推进系统(135)供应电能的可充电电池系统(132)。
15.一种船舶(226)，所述船舶包括用于从岸侧电力系统接收一个或多个直流电压的电连接器(227)，其特征在于，所述船舶包括一个或多个可控直流电压转换器(238，239)和控制系统(231)，所述控制系统(231)用于控制所述一个或多个可控直流电压转换器以将所述一个或多个直流电压转换成适合于所述船舶的一个或多个直流电压。
16.根据权利要求15所述的船舶(226)，其中，所述船舶包括用于从所述船舶的所述电连接器(227)接收充电能量并用于向所述船舶的推进系统(235)供应电能的可充电电池系统(232)。
CN201710264233.6A 2016-04-05 2017-04-05 用于向船舶供应电能的电力系统 Pending CN107294142A (zh)

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