CN107293852A - The high-gain millimeter wave antenna of gap waveguide series feed - Google Patents
The high-gain millimeter wave antenna of gap waveguide series feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN107293852A CN107293852A CN201710409149.9A CN201710409149A CN107293852A CN 107293852 A CN107293852 A CN 107293852A CN 201710409149 A CN201710409149 A CN 201710409149A CN 107293852 A CN107293852 A CN 107293852A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-gain millimeter wave antenna of gap waveguide series feed, the millimeter wave antenna includes high efficiency radiating element submatrix layer, gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network and waveguide slot coupling feed structure.The high efficiency radiating element submatrix includes a rectangular metal dielectric resonant chamber and is coated on the metal level that surface is provided with four rectangular apertures.Rectangular waveguide broadside sets coupling gap, every interradicular space waveguide core is fed, many interradicular space waveguides are laterally aligned to rearrange two-dimentional feeding network.Coupling gap is set per interradicular space waveguide broadside, each corresponding radiating element submatrix in upper strata is fed, submatrix is energized backward space radiation energy.The Antenna Operation of present invention millimeter wave frequency band near 77GHz, has the advantages that efficiency high, radiation characteristic are good, cost is low, easy processing, small volume, stability high, suitably produces in enormous quantities.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of millimeter wave antenna technology, particularly a kind of millimeter based on groove profile gap waveguide series feed
Ripple array antenna.
Background technology
For millimere-wave band, particularly more than 60GHz frequency range, the planar transmission line such as conventional microstrip line and co-planar waveguide line
Due to dispersion and the loss of dielectric material, higher transmission loss will be produced, and due to the limitation of size, to its machining accuracy
Requirement it is high;On the other hand, rectangular waveguide and coaxial transmission line are used due to the low-loss under high frequency, but in millimeter wave
The problem of section still suffers from complicated, with high costs process technology and integrated difficult active microwave electronic circuit.
Document 1 (P.S.Kildal, E.Alfonso, A.Valero-Nogueira and E.Rajo-Iglesias, "
Local Metamaterial-Based Waveguides in Gaps Between Parallel Metal Plates,"in
IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol.8, no., pp.84-87,2009.) propose
Gap waveguide GWG (Gap waveguide) transmission line technology, is used as the evolution of conventional metals waveguide.In view of it has low transmission
The characteristics such as loss, low processing cost and high integration, are widely used in millimeter-wave systems.Wherein, groove profile gap waveguide has
Have and conventional metals waveguide identical field distribution, and most easy processing.
(Cao, Baolin, et al. " the W-Band High-Gain TE220-Mode Slot Antenna of document 2
Array With Gap Waveguide Feeding Network."Antennas&Wireless Propagation
Letters IEEE,2015:988-991.) disclosing the 2*2 linear polarizations gap submatrix of higher mode excitation is used for the W ripples of high-gain
The application of the array antenna of section.It is that antenna submatrix microstrip type gap waveguide transmission line is constituted and present in order to improve overall performance
Network feeder, antenna aperture efficiency is up to 66%.
Series feed network is lower than the loss of parallelly feeding network, and efficiency of transmission is higher, and this advantage is designing large-scale
It is more notable during array.Prior art typically realizes two-dimentional high-gain two-dimensional array by the way of gap waveguide parallelly feeding,
Have the shortcomings that complicated, front is less efficient.
The content of the invention
Millimere-wave band can be operated in it is an object of the invention to provide one kind, it is high based on the series feed real-time performance of gap waveguide
The slot antenna array of gain.
The technical solution for realizing the object of the invention is:A kind of high-gain millimeter wave day of gap waveguide series feed
Line, including high efficiency radiating element submatrix layer, gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network and waveguide slot coupling feed
Structure;The gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network is located at high efficiency radiating element submatrix layer and waveguide slot coupling feedback
Between electric structure, the high efficiency radiating element submatrix layer includes some high efficiency radiating element submatrixs arranged in arrays;
The gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network includes upper strata metal covering, air layer, the gold of periodic arrangement
Belong to and upper strata gold is set above the metal column that periodic arrangement is set on post and earth plate, earth plate, the metal column of periodic arrangement
Category face, set between the metal column and upper strata metal covering of periodic arrangement be provided with air layer, upper strata metal covering it is some be in the cycle
Property arrangement coupling gap;
Waveguide slot coupling feed structure is rectangular waveguide, positioned at gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network bottom,
For carrying out apex drive to gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network, rectangular waveguide upper strata broadside is opened in periodic arrangement
Coupling gap.
Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is the present invention:1) gap waveguide series feed disclosed by the invention
Millimeter wave array antenna significantly improves array aperture efficiency, is conducive to meeting the requirement of millimeter wave antenna high-gain;2) this hair
The millimeter wave array antenna of bright disclosed gap waveguide series feed advantageously reduces the overall dimensions of feedback net, realizes miniaturization
It is required that;3) the millimeter wave array antenna structure of gap waveguide series feed disclosed by the invention is simple, and stability is high, is easy to add
Work, cost is low, is advantageously implemented large-scale production.
Further detailed description is done to the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the millimeter wave array antenna structure schematic diagram of groove profile gap waveguide series feed of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is presents gap waveguide in rectangular waveguide in the millimeter wave array antenna of groove profile gap waveguide series feed of the present invention
Structural representation.
Fig. 3 is unit subarray configuration schematic diagram in the millimeter wave array antenna of groove profile gap waveguide series feed of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is unit submatrix reflectance factor in the millimeter wave array antenna of groove profile gap waveguide series feed of the present invention | S11
| and gain is with frequency variation curve figure.
Fig. 5 is a kind of millimeter wave array antenna reflectance factor of groove profile gap waveguide series feed of the invention | S11 | and increase
Benefit is with frequency variation curve figure.
Fig. 6 is the millimeter wave array antenna E faces of groove profile gap waveguide series feed of the present invention, H surface radiation directional diagrams.
Fig. 7 is the emulation dispersion curve figure that metal column of the present invention forms electromagnetic bandgap structure under periodic boundary condition.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing, a kind of high-gain millimeter wave antenna of gap waveguide series feed of the invention, including high efficiency spoke
Penetrate unit submatrix layer 3, gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network 8 and waveguide slot coupling feed structure 12;Described
Gap waveguide slot coupling series feed network 8 is located at high efficiency radiating element submatrix layer 3 and waveguide slot coupling feed structure 12
Between, the high efficiency radiating element submatrix layer 3 includes some high efficiency radiating element submatrixs 14 arranged in arrays;
The gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network 8 includes upper strata metal covering 6, air layer 9, periodic arrangement
Set on metal column 10 and earth plate 11, earth plate 11 on the metal column 10 of periodic arrangement, the metal column 10 of periodic arrangement
Side sets upper strata metal covering 6, and air layer 9, upper strata metal covering are set between the metal column 10 and upper strata metal covering 6 of periodic arrangement
Some coupling gaps 7 in periodic arrangement are provided with 6;
Waveguide slot coupling feed structure 12 is rectangular waveguide, positioned at the bottom of gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network 8
Portion, for carrying out apex drive to gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network, the upper strata broadside of rectangular waveguide 12 was opened in the cycle
Property arrangement coupling gap 13.
The high efficiency radiating element submatrix 14 includes rectangular metal dielectric resonant chamber 5 and is coated on surface and is provided with four
The metal level 2 of individual rectangular aperture 1, four rectangular apertures 1 are in 2*2 array distributions, and the wall of metal clad chamber 5 four is by contour
Cylindrical metal post 4 surround, the bottom of metal clad chamber 5 for gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network 8 upper strata gold
Category face 6, each coupling gap 7 of upper strata metal covering 6 is respectively positioned on the bottom centre of correspondence metal clad chamber 5, the coupling gap 7
For broadside transverse joint.
The height of the air layer 9 is less than 0.25 air wavelength.
The formation electromagnetic bandgap structure of metal column 10 of the periodic arrangement.
The rectangular waveguide is standard rectangular waveguide.
In the unit submatrix 14 rectangular metal dielectric resonant chamber 5 using Rogers RO4350 (ε r=3.66, tan σ=
0.004) dielectric material, cavity material thickness H is 0.508mm, the wide ws of four rectangular apertures 1 on metal level 2 is 1.6mm,
Long ls is 1.4mm, while the adjacent broadside spacing l1 in adjacent rectangle gap is 0.8mm, adjacent long edges spacing w1 is 0.8mm, is situated between
The height H of 5 four wall cylindrical metal post of matter wire chamber 4 is that 0.508mm, diameter dd are that 0.25mm, arrangement period pp are 0.45mm, circle
It is the rectangle that 4.5mm, width wy are 4.5mm that cylindricality metal column 4, which surrounds long wx, and the wide sw in coupling gap 7 is that 0.8mm, long sl are
2.2mm, the longitudinal arrangement cycle d1 in coupling gap 7 is that a gap waveguide wavelength is rectangle for 4.5mm, transversely arranged cycle d2
One waveguide wavelength of waveguide 12 is 5mm, and the height h of air layer 9 is 0.2mm, the high d of metal column 10 of periodic arrangement is 1mm,
Bottom surface length of side a is that 0.4mm, arrangement period p are 0.8mm, the metal column 10 close to waveguide core and gap in each gap waveguide
Waveguide axis distance (deta+a/2) is that the axis of rectangular waveguide 12 is deviateed in the coupling gap 13 on 2.1mm, rectangular waveguide 12
It is 0.6mm apart from off, the coupling long sll in gap 13 is that 1.98mm, width sww are to correspond to coupling gap 13 on 0.8mm, metal covering 6
For identical size, rectangular waveguide 12 model WR-12, the outer long A in section are that 5.1mm, width B are 3.55mm, and wall thickness t is 1mm.
The millimeter wave array antenna structure of gap waveguide series feed disclosed by the invention is simple, and stability is high, is easy to add
Work, cost is low, is advantageously implemented large-scale production.
It is described in more detail below.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of millimeter wave antenna array of groove profile gap waveguide series feed of the invention, including:High efficiency
Radiating element submatrix layer 3, gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network 8 and waveguide slot coupling feed structure 12.It is described
Gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network 8 is located at high efficiency radiating element submatrix layer 3 and waveguide slot coupling feed structure
Between 12, the high efficiency radiating element submatrix layer 3 includes some high efficiency radiating element submatrixs 14 arranged in arrays, gap
The waveguide model WR-12 of couple feed structure 12.
With reference to Fig. 2, the broadside of bottom metal apex drive waveguide 12 etches four longitudinal slots 13, and gap waveguide wavelength is
d2.The clearance distance waveguide two ends distance at most edge is 0.25*d2, and adjacent slits spacing is waveguide wavelength d2, so as to
Standing wave is formed in waveguide 12, and cophase detector is per interradicular space waveguide.For cutting current, rectangular metal waveguide is deviateed in gap 13
12 center line certain distance off.Metal rectangular waveguide 12 arrive gap waveguide 8 coupling gap 13 long sll, wide sww, adjust this two
Individual size and bias off, can adjust the impedance match situation between waveguide.
Gap waveguide feeding network 8 is constituted by four interradicular space waveguides are laterally aligned.The spacing of adjacent segment waveguide is one
Metal rectangular waveguide wavelength d2.8 transverse slots 7 are etched per interradicular space waveguide broadside, upper strata radiating element submatrix layer 3 is carried out
Couple feed.The spacing of adjacent slits is a gap waveguide wavelength d1, so as to each submatrix 14 of cophase detector.Apart from gap ripple
The farthest two clearance distance waveguide terminals distance in guiding center is 0.5d1, and nearest two gaps and center spacing are 0.5d1,
To form standing wave in gap waveguide.Couple impedance match situation between the size influence waveguide in gap 7 and submatrix.
With reference to Fig. 3, gap waveguide 8 is made up of upper strata metal 6, air layer 9, periodicity metal column 10 and earth plate 11.
The radiating element submatrix layer 3 of metal level 6 is located between gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network 8, wherein the coupling slot etched
The size of gap 7 can influence the two impedance match situation.According to gap waveguide operation principle, the highly desirable of air layer 9 is less than
0.25 air wavelength.The formation electromagnetic bandgap structure of metal column 10 of periodic arrangement, prevents the ripple in certain frequency band from propagating.Herein
In stopband, propagated in the groove that electromagnetic wave can only be between bandgap structure.The width 2*deta of groove determines what is encouraged in gap waveguide
Field pattern and waveguide wavelength.With reference to Fig. 7, the dispersion of the formation of metal column 10 electromagnetic bandgap structure under periodic boundary condition is shown
Curve map.Stopband position and bandwidth can be adjusted by adjusting the size and arrangement period of metal column 10.
With reference to Fig. 3, the dielectric cavity 5 of submatrix 10 is using Rogers RO4350 (ε r=3.66, tan σ=0.004) material, chamber
The wall of body four is surrounded with contour cylindrical metal post 4.Coating layer of metal 2 above cavity, wherein etching the square of 2*2 array distributions
Shape gap 1.Cavity size and radiating slot size and position are adjusted, submatrix 3 can be adjusted and couple gap 7 with feeding gap waveguide
Impedance matching, optimizes radiance.Submatrix 10 is located at each top of gap waveguide coupling slot 7 and is laid in the upper strata of feeding network 8,
Ultimately form the two-dimensional array of 16*8 units, such as Fig. 1.
Refinement explanation is carried out to the details and working condition of the specific device of the present invention with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Integrated antenna size is 38.4mm*22mm*7.108mm.
With reference to Fig. 1,2,3,7, according to the structure discussed in embodiment, modeled by electromagnetic simulation software HFSS imitative
Very, the related size of antenna sets (unit as follows:Millimeter):
Ws=1.6mm, ls=1.4mm, w1=0.8mm, l1=0.8mm, wx=4.5mm, wy=4.5mm, sw=
0.8mm, sl=2.2mm, deta=1.9mm, off=0.6mm, a=0.4mm, sll=1.98mm, sww=0.8mm, p=
0.8mm, d=1.0mm, h=0.2mm, d1=4.5mm, d2=5.0mm, H=0.508mm, dd=0.25mm, pp=0.45mm,
A=5.1mm, B=3.55mm, t=1mm.
With reference to Fig. 4, the reflectance factor of the millimeter wave antenna array submatrix of groove profile gap waveguide series feed of the present invention | S11 |
It is less than -10dB in 74.6GHz to 85GHz, gain change in this frequency band is less than 1dB, and submatrix gain is up to more than 90%.
With reference to Fig. 5, the millimeter wave antenna array reflectance factor of groove profile gap waveguide series feed of the present invention | S11 | less than-
10dB working band be 76.5GHz~77.6GHz, gain in this frequency band be more than 27dBi, aperture efficiency up to 71.4% with
On.Array normal direction gain maximum is at 77GHz, and up to 27.6dBi, now aperture efficiency highest, is 83.3%.
In summary, the present invention realizes a kind of high-gain millimeter wave array antenna of groove profile gap waveguide series feed,
The characteristics of with efficiency high, small volume, low cost, easy processing, high stability, it is adaptable to the application of millimeter wave band, such as 77GHz
Automobile collision avoidance radar.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of high-gain millimeter wave antenna of gap waveguide series feed, it is characterised in that including high efficiency radiating element
Battle array layer [3], gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network [8] and waveguide slot coupling feed structure [12];The gap
Waveguide slot coupling series feed network [8] is located at high efficiency radiating element submatrix layer [3] and waveguide slot coupling feed structure
[12] between, the high efficiency radiating element submatrix layer [3] includes some high efficiency radiating element submatrixs arranged in arrays
[14];
The gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network [8] includes upper strata metal covering [6], air layer [9], periodic arrangement
Metal column [10] and earth plate [11], the metal column [10] of periodic arrangement is set on earth plate [11], periodic arrangement
Upper strata metal covering [6] is set above metal column [10], set between the metal column [10] and upper strata metal covering [6] of periodic arrangement
Some coupling gaps [7] in periodic arrangement are provided with air layer [9], upper strata metal covering [6];
Waveguide slot coupling feed structure [12] is rectangular waveguide, positioned at gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network [8] bottom
Portion, for carrying out apex drive to gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network, rectangular waveguide [12] upper strata broadside was opened in week
The coupling gap [13] of phase property arrangement.
2. the high-gain millimeter wave antenna of gap waveguide series feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that high efficiency
Radiating element submatrix [14] includes rectangular metal dielectric resonant chamber [5] and is coated on surface and is provided with four rectangular apertures [1]
Metal level [2], four rectangular apertures [1] be in 2*2 array distributions, the wall of metal clad chamber [5] four is by contour circle
Cylindricality metal column [4] is surrounded, and the bottom of metal clad chamber [5] is the upper strata of gap waveguide slot-coupled series feed network [8]
Metal covering [6], each coupling gap [7] of upper strata metal covering [6] is respectively positioned on the bottom centre of correspondence metal clad chamber [5], institute
It is broadside transverse joint to state coupling gap [7].
3. the high-gain millimeter wave antenna of gap waveguide series feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sky
The height of gas-bearing formation [9] is less than 0.25 air wavelength.
4. the high-gain millimeter wave antenna of gap waveguide series feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the week
Metal column [10] the formation electromagnetic bandgap structure of phase property arrangement.
5. the high-gain millimeter wave antenna of gap waveguide series feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the square
Shape waveguide is standard rectangular waveguide.
6. the high-gain millimeter wave antenna of gap waveguide series feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that unit
Rectangular metal dielectric resonant chamber [5] uses Rogers RO4350 dielectric materials in battle array [14], and cavity material thickness H is
The wide ws of four rectangular apertures [1] on 0.508mm, metal level [2] is that 1.6mm, long ls are 1.4mm, while adjacent rectangle is stitched
The adjacent broadside spacing l1 of gap is 0.8mm, and adjacent long edges spacing w1 is 0.8mm, the wall cylindrical metal post of metal clad chamber [5] four
[4] height H is that 0.508mm, diameter dd are that 0.25mm, arrangement period pp are 0.45mm, and cylindrical metal post [4] surrounds long wx and is
4.5mm, width wy are 4.5mm rectangle, and the wide sw of coupling gap [7] is that 0.8mm, long sl are 2.2mm, couple the vertical of gap [7]
To the arrangement period d1 waveguide that to be a gap waveguide wavelength be rectangular waveguide [12] for 4.5mm, transversely arranged cycle d2
Wavelength is 5mm, and the height h of air layer [9] is 0.2mm, and metal column [10] high d of periodic arrangement is that 1mm, bottom surface length of side a are
0.4mm, arrangement period p are metal column [10] and the gap waveguide axis of close waveguide core in 0.8mm, each gap waveguide
Distance is 2.1mm, and it is 0.6mm that rectangular waveguide [12] axis is deviateed apart from off in the coupling gap [13] on rectangular waveguide [12],
Coupling gap [13] long sll is that 1.98mm, width sww are to correspond to coupling gap [13] on 0.8mm, metal covering [6] for identical chi
Very little, rectangular waveguide [12] model WR-12, the outer long A in section is that 5.1mm, width B are 3.55mm, and wall thickness t is 1mm.
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Cited By (15)
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CN108808220A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-13 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of wideband microstrip array antenna using waveguide feed |
CN109687104A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-26 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Narrow pitch angle list slot antenna of a kind of width horizontal angle and preparation method thereof |
CN111641032A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2020-09-08 | 南京理工大学 | Single-pulse antenna array based on gap waveguide |
CN112510355A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-16 | 博微太赫兹信息科技有限公司 | Double-layer plate millimeter wave circularly polarized antenna based on dielectric integrated waveguide feed |
CN113097722A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-07-09 | 北京邮电大学 | Common-caliber double-frequency transmission line capable of working in microwave/millimeter wave frequency band |
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CN108808220B (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2020-06-05 | 南京理工大学 | Broadband microstrip array antenna adopting waveguide feed |
CN109687104A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-26 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Narrow pitch angle list slot antenna of a kind of width horizontal angle and preparation method thereof |
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