CN111641032A - Single-pulse antenna array based on gap waveguide - Google Patents
Single-pulse antenna array based on gap waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN111641032A CN111641032A CN201910154166.1A CN201910154166A CN111641032A CN 111641032 A CN111641032 A CN 111641032A CN 201910154166 A CN201910154166 A CN 201910154166A CN 111641032 A CN111641032 A CN 111641032A
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XOMKZKJEJBZBJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-3-phenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1Cl XOMKZKJEJBZBJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0025—Modular arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
Abstract
The invention discloses a single-pulse antenna array based on gap waveguides, which comprises an antenna array surface and a feed network, wherein the antenna array surface is formed by four horizontally arranged radiation waveguides; the second surface of the antenna array surface is also provided with a radiation waveguide, and the coupling waveguide is respectively coupled with the radiation waveguide and the feed network; the antenna radiation array surface is divided into a first array surface, a second array surface, a third array surface and a fourth array surface through a short-circuit wall; the feed network includes a plurality of magic T, H-T junctions. The antenna has the advantages of high efficiency, low loss, excellent radiation characteristic and the like, can be scaled through structural parameters, and is suitable for different wave bands such as microwave, millimeter wave and the like. The antenna of the invention has the advantages of easy processing, low cost and large-scale production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gap waveguide technology, in particular to a single-pulse antenna array based on a gap waveguide.
Background
Since the proposal of the gap waveguide in 2009, the gap waveguide has been regarded as more and more important in the field of antenna design. Compared with a SIW structure transmitted in a medium and a traditional microstrip and strip line structure, the traditional gap waveguide has relatively low loss due to propagation in an air gap, and the traditional gap waveguide does not need high electric connectivity like the traditional waveguide due to the structure, so that the processing and assembling cost is low, and the requirements of various electronic and communication systems on miniaturization, light weight and easy integration of components are easily met. However, in the conventional gap waveguide, because the size of the periodic structure is too large, the feed network and the radiation gap are arranged in one layer, and only one row of periodic structures can be arranged when the parallel feed structure is realized, so that the coupling amount is increased, and the performance of the antenna is influenced.
Document 1(p.s.kildal, e.alfonno, a.valero-Nogueira and e.rajo-Iglesias, "Local Metal-Based Waveguides in Gaps Between Parallel Metal Plates," ieee Antennas and Wireless transmission couplers, vol.8, No., pp.84-87,2009.) proposes a new structure of gap waveguide, which has advantages of broadband, low loss, high integration, simplicity of fabrication, etc., compared to other transmission structures. The gap waveguide is combined with the traditional waveguide slot antenna, so that the gap waveguide slot antenna not only has the advantages of the traditional waveguide slot antenna, but also can overcome the defects of the traditional waveguide slot antenna in the aspects of processing and assembling, and is a new idea.
Document 2(s.i. shams and a.a. kishk, "Printed Texture With Triangle flow pins for Bandwidth Enhancement of the Ridge Gap waveform," in ieee transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol.65, No.6, pp.2093-2100, June2017.) proposes an inverted triangular periodic structure based on microstrip printing, which greatly reduces the distance between two rows of periodic structures compared to the traditional square pins in the form of Printed microstrip.
Document 3(m.ramezan, a.khaleghi, "2D Slot Array Antenna in Ridge gap waveguide Technology," 8th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP),2014) implements an equal-amplitude weighted Slot Antenna by placing a row of metal pins in the middle of a parallel-fed Ridge-type gap waveguide, but does not place two rows of microstrip printed inverted-triangle structures in the two gap waveguides.
As described above, although the prior art proposes the inverted-triangular structure by microstrip printing, the above-mentioned article and the prior art do not mention the realization of the single-pulse antenna array based on the gap waveguide of the inverted-triangular periodic structure by microstrip printing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a single-pulse antenna array based on gap waveguide, which is suitable for microwave and millimeter wave bands.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a single pulse antenna array based on gap waveguides comprises an antenna array surface and a feed network, wherein the antenna array surface is composed of a plurality of radiation waveguides, the feed network is coupled with the antenna array surface, each radiation waveguide of the antenna array surface is provided with a radiation gap, the antenna array surface comprises an upper layer metal plate and a lower layer slot type gap waveguide, the upper layer metal plate and the lower layer slot type gap waveguide are mutually parallel, an air layer is arranged between the upper layer metal plate and the lower layer slot type gap waveguide, the lower layer slot type gap waveguide is provided with a printed microstrip periodic structure which is mutually parallel in the extending direction of the lower layer slot type gap waveguide, the periodic structure is composed of a PCB (printed circuit board), a grounding microstrip line and an inverted triangle structure, the PCB is vertically arranged, the grounding microstrip; under the last radiation gap on both sides of the upper layer radiation waveguide and at the distance of one quarter wavelength of the last radiation gap, a metal pin is arranged on the lower layer slot type gap waveguide to be used as a short circuit wall;
the back of the antenna array surface is provided with a coupling waveguide which is respectively coupled with the radiation waveguide and the feed network; the feed network includes a plurality of magic T, H-T junctions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: 1) according to the gap waveguide-based single pulse antenna array, the distance between the two rows of periodic structures is greatly reduced by using the inverted triangular periodic structure printed by the micro-strip, the two rows of periodic structures can be put down between the two slot type waveguide gaps, and the coupling degree between the two slot type gap waveguides is greatly improved; 2) the tail end of the radiation array surface of the single-pulse antenna array based on the gap waveguide is short-circuited by the metal pin, so that the single-pulse antenna array is convenient for engineering application; 3) the thickness of the feed network of the single-pulse antenna array based on the gap waveguide is reduced, the size of the single-pulse slot antenna is finally reduced, and the limit of the installation space on the single-pulse slot antenna array is reduced; 4) the single-pulse antenna array based on the gap waveguide is high in integration level, low in cost and convenient for large-scale processing and production.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional block diagram of a single pulse based gap waveguide of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a printed microstrip periodic structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a single-pulse feed network based on a gap waveguide.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the reflection coefficient of the single pulse antenna array based on the gap waveguide according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the antenna gain varying with frequency in the operating frequency band of the gap waveguide-based monopulse antenna array according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a sum beam normalized directional diagram of the single pulse antenna array based on the gap waveguide at the central frequency of 28 GHz.
Fig. 7 is an azimuth dimension normalized directional diagram of the gap waveguide-based single pulse antenna array at the center frequency of 28 GHz.
Fig. 8 is a normalized directional diagram of the pitch dimension of the gap waveguide-based single pulse antenna array at the center frequency of 28 GHz.
Detailed Description
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, a single pulse antenna array based on gap waveguides includes an antenna array composed of a plurality of radiation waveguides, and a feed network 10 coupled to the antenna array, where each radiation waveguide of the antenna array is provided with a radiation slot, the antenna array includes an upper metal plate and a lower slot-type waveguide, and the radiation slot is disposed on the upper metal plate; the upper-layer metal plate 2 and the lower-layer slot type waveguide 3 are parallel to each other, an air layer 4 is arranged between the upper-layer metal plate and the lower-layer slot type waveguide, the lower-layer gap waveguide is provided with a printed micro-strip periodic structure which is parallel to each other in the extending direction of the lower-layer gap waveguide, the periodic structure consists of a PCB (printed circuit board) 5, a grounding micro-strip line 6 and an inverted triangle structure 7, the PCB 5 is vertically placed, the grounding micro-strip line 6 is arranged at the bottom end of the PCB, and the inverted triangle structure; under the last gap on both sides of the upper layer radiation waveguide, a metal pin 8 is arranged on the lower layer slot type gap waveguide 3 as a short circuit wall at the distance of one quarter wavelength of the last gap. The second surface of the antenna array surface is provided with a coupling waveguide 9 which is respectively coupled with the radiation waveguide and the feed network; the feed network includes a plurality of magic T, H-T junctions.
The size of the intermediate air layer 4 is less than a quarter wavelength.
The sum of the heights of the grounding microstrip line 6 and the inverted triangle structure 7 is the same as the height of the metal pin 8.
The width W of the groove-shaped gap waveguide of the antenna radiation array surface is 9mm, and the height h of the middle air layer 41The thickness d of the grounding microstrip line 6 of the periodic structure is 0.2mm, the width a of the lower bottom of the inverted triangle structure 7 is 0.2mm, the width b of the upper bottom is 1.3mm, and the period p is 0.1mm1＝2.7mm。
The side length t of the metal column in the end metal pin 8 is 1mm, and the period p2＝3mm。
The coupling waveguide 9 includes a first coupling waveguide and a second coupling waveguide, both ends of the first coupling waveguide are respectively located at the first wavefront and the third wavefront, and both ends of the second coupling waveguide are respectively located at the second wavefront and the fourth wavefront.
As shown in fig. 3, the feeding network 10 includes a first bisecting arm, a first H-arm and a first E-arm disposed horizontally. The first H arm is arranged in the axial vertical direction of the first bisection arm, the first H arm and the first bisection arm are coupled to form a T-shaped structure, and the first E arm is horizontally coupled and arranged above the T-shaped structure. The first E arm is horizontally arranged, so that the thickness of the magic T is reduced, the size of the single-pulse slot antenna is finally reduced, and the limitation of the installation space on the single-pulse slot antenna array is reduced.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Examples
The overall antenna dimensions are 99mm by 66mm by 20.5 mm.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a single pulse antenna array based on gap waveguides includes an antenna array composed of a plurality of radiation waveguides and a coupler coupled to the antenna arrayThe antenna array comprises a combined feed network 10, radiation gaps are formed in radiation waveguides of the antenna array, the antenna array comprises an upper-layer metal plate and a lower-layer slot-type gap waveguide, the upper-layer metal plate 2 and the lower-layer slot-type waveguide 3 are parallel to each other, an air layer 4 is arranged between the upper-layer metal plate and the lower-layer slot-type waveguide, the lower-layer slot-type waveguide is provided with a printed microstrip periodic structure which is parallel to each other in the extending direction of the lower-layer slot-type waveguide, the periodic structure is composed of a PCB (printed circuit board) 5, a grounding microstrip line 6 and an inverted triangle structure 7, and the grounding microstrip line 6 is arranged below the PCB 5. The end metal pins 8 act as short-circuit walls, the short-circuit walls 8 being spaced a quarter of the waveguide wavelength from the last slot of the upper radiation waveguide. The second surface of the antenna array surface is provided with a coupling waveguide 9 which is respectively coupled with the radiation waveguide and the feed network; the antenna array surface is divided into a first array surface, a second array surface, a third array surface and a fourth array surface through a short-circuit wall; the feed network includes a plurality of magic T, H-T junctions. The width W of the slot-type gap waveguide is 9mm, and the height h of the intermediate air layer 41The thickness d of the grounding microstrip line 6 of the periodic structure is 0.2mm, the width a of the lower bottom of the inverted triangle structure 7 is 0.2mm, the width b of the upper bottom is 1.3mm, and the period p is 0.1mm12.7 mm. The length t of the metal column side in the end metal pin 8 is 1mm, and the period p2＝3mm。
The gap waveguide based monopulse array antenna simulation uses the commercial full wave electromagnetic simulation software HFSS from ANSYS corporation. The obtained simulated reflection coefficient curve and transmission coefficient are shown in fig. 4, it can be seen that S11 is less than-10 dB in the impedance bandwidth of 27.74-28.15GHz, the antenna gain varying with frequency in the operating frequency band is shown in fig. 5, and it can be seen that the antenna gain is about 23.5 dBi. The sum-beam normalized directional diagram, the pitch-dimension normalized directional diagram and the azimuth-dimension normalized directional diagram of the monopulse antenna are shown in fig. 6-8, and it can be seen that the directional diagrams corresponding to the sum beam and the two-bit-difference beam of the antenna have good performance.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A single pulse antenna array based on gap waveguides is characterized by comprising an antenna array surface and a feed network (10), wherein the antenna array surface is composed of a plurality of radiation waveguides, the feed network is coupled with the antenna array surface, each radiation waveguide of the antenna array surface is provided with a radiation gap, the antenna array surface comprises an upper layer metal plate (2) and a lower layer slot type gap waveguide (3), the upper layer metal plate (2) and the lower layer slot type gap waveguide (3) are parallel to each other, an air layer (4) is arranged between the upper layer metal plate and the lower layer slot type gap waveguide, the lower layer slot type gap waveguide (3) is provided with a printed microstrip periodic structure which is parallel to each other in the extending direction of the lower layer slot type gap waveguide, the periodic structure consists of a PCB (5), a grounding microstrip line (6) and an inverted triangle structure (7), the PCB (5) is vertically placed, the grounding microstrip line is arranged at the; under the last radiation gap on both sides of the upper layer radiation waveguide and at the distance of one quarter wavelength of the last radiation gap, a metal pin (8) is arranged on the lower layer slot type gap waveguide (3) to be used as a short circuit wall;
the back of the antenna array surface is provided with a coupling waveguide (9), and the coupling waveguide (9) is respectively coupled with the radiation waveguide and the feed network (10); the feed network (10) comprises a plurality of magic T, H-T joints.
2. A gap waveguide based monopulse antenna array as claimed in claim 1, wherein the size of the air layer (4) is less than a quarter wavelength.
3. The gapwaveguide-based monopulse antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the vertical heights of the grounded microstrip line (6) and the inverted triangular structure (7) is the same as the height of the metal pin (8).
4. The gapwaveguide based monopulse antenna array as claimed in claim 1, wherein the periodic structure of the PCB board (5) is formed of Rogers RT/duroid 5880 dielectric board, having overall dimensions of 89mm x 66mm rectangle, having a dielectric constant of 2.2, a loss tangent angle tan σ of 0.0009 and a thickness of 0.254 mm.
5. The gap waveguide-based monopulse antenna array as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slot width W of the lower slot-type gap waveguide (3) is 9mm, and the height h of the air layer (4) is1The thickness d of the grounding microstrip line (6) of the periodic structure is 0.2mm, the width a of the lower bottom of the inverted triangle structure (7) is 0.2mm, the width b of the upper bottom is 1.3mm, and the period p is 0.1mm1＝2.7mm。
6. The gapwaveguide-based monopulse antenna array as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length t of the metal pillar in the metal pin (8) is 1mm, and the period p is2＝3mm。
7. The gap waveguide-based monopulse antenna array as claimed in claim 1, wherein said feed network (10) comprises a bisecting arm, an H-arm and a horizontally arranged E-arm, said H-arm is arranged in a vertical direction of an axial direction of the bisecting arm, and said H-arm and the bisecting arm are coupled to form a T-shaped structure, said E-arm is horizontally coupled and arranged above the T-shaped structure.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112748426A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-04 | 电子科技大学 | Monopulse sum-difference network for long-distance high-resolution radar system |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110181373A1 (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2011-07-28 | Per-Simon Kildal | Waveguides and transmission lines in gaps between parallel conducting surfaces |
| CN107275768A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-10-20 | 南京理工大学 | The low sidelobe antenna array of work(point feeding network is not waited based on micro-strip ridge gap waveguide |
| CN107293852A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-10-24 | 南京理工大学 | The high-gain millimeter wave antenna of gap waveguide series feed |
| CN206602177U (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-10-31 | 四川航天职业技术学院 | Pulse slotted antenna array |
| CN108448260A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-08-24 | 南京鹰目电子科技有限公司 | Sidelobe gap standing-wave array based on gap waveguide |
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- 2019-03-01 CN CN201910154166.1A patent/CN111641032A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110181373A1 (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2011-07-28 | Per-Simon Kildal | Waveguides and transmission lines in gaps between parallel conducting surfaces |
| CN206602177U (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-10-31 | 四川航天职业技术学院 | Pulse slotted antenna array |
| CN107275768A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-10-20 | 南京理工大学 | The low sidelobe antenna array of work(point feeding network is not waited based on micro-strip ridge gap waveguide |
| CN107293852A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-10-24 | 南京理工大学 | The high-gain millimeter wave antenna of gap waveguide series feed |
| CN108448260A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-08-24 | 南京鹰目电子科技有限公司 | Sidelobe gap standing-wave array based on gap waveguide |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112748426A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-04 | 电子科技大学 | Monopulse sum-difference network for long-distance high-resolution radar system |
| CN112748426B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-10-11 | 电子科技大学 | Monopulse sum-difference network for long-distance high-resolution radar system |
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